7/24/2019 elevage pastorale en sngal

1/17

L9!0a#! +a-*,a a S)#a !),! +,!--%*)

-+a%a! ! (a%*) c*((!,c%a!

G;* M, > O=. !>= O O== >==S >= = =. > >== = =, >= = = = = =>=, = =, = > > > > . F >< > > >=> = , = =>= = =. I = = =>=

7/24/2019 elevage pastorale en sngal

2/17

>=> => > > L >= ==>= L O=>=. = > OO >=V > =, O >N>==O = >= O=. I , =O L = >== = >= >>== >` = ==, = P == ==O = => P-> P `>OO=. `O > S O > >=, O> = >= >, , >== = > =: = O> >O O L ==O>= /O = `==>= O; ==, =O == = > O=, >W >= > = >>= O = = OO O=>= >O L > `O O=, >= >=O O>>= = >= =OO L O=>= L `==>=.

M@66+5*+ 103 (2011.3) 6://66+5*+../;31/+/11304.2

200 mm

1000mm

400mm

Bamako

Source: Club du Sahel (2007)Cesaro Jd et al.,Atlas de llevage au Sngal (2010) Ralisation: J.D Cesaro, G. Magrin, O. Ninot, 2010

Sgou

Sngal

Mali

Mauritanie

Guine-Conakry

Guine-Bissau

Dakar

Banjul

Saint-Louis

Ziguinchor

Kayes

Bissau

This

Diourbel

Touba-Mabck

Louga

Nouakchott

Tambacounda

Dahra

0 100 km

Mappemonde 2011 (GS)

Flux de btail secondaire

Flux de btail principal

SaharaSahel

Frange sahlo-soudanienne

Frange soudanienne

CapitaleVille de plus de 200 000 habitants

Principaux marchs de btail

Isohyte moyenne 2000-2010

1. L'a++,*0%-%*))!(!) !) 0%a)! S)#a: +,%)c%+a c%,c%- c*((!,c! ! ba% -, +%!

7/24/2019 elevage pastorale en sngal

3/17

AP > O >== `O- > O=O, => O>= > L ` O O= >>= == L `= = == =O = P= = => > > O=O > = =>= `== = >= OO >>=>=. ] O ==O 1920, >>= =O >-P= >= Z>>=[ >= >= >=>= L `O>=>= > G=O

( , > >). A-L, = O>->=== >= >O L ` >>= = O==>= =>==O L = O > >= O==O>= > > OP>= >>= = >P =O O>= > =, == = O>=>>=>= _ >, L , > O=O > , = ==O1920, = >>= > O (. 2). !`= ` = >= P = = -O. ! F> > =`=== = L O O=O, O=O>= > = > O >-> = >= O P, = = `, >= O = =>>== >= >==: O=, ==. ] ==O 1950 (4), = ` > OO = F> O>== O > O > _ M = > > `==O = , + ., 2003). D= ==O 1990, *=O > (*%) > ` L

`O) = = F> >== >>= > (. 2). = >= 20 < > -, *% >== >= > > (> M, >= `\) O. !` > =O = ` = = >=V O >. E >== = > >= . ] = ==O 1960, >= O , =

O >= `O (= =, , .) (O, 2002).%P

7/24/2019 elevage pastorale en sngal

4/17

=>= ==>>= = L O L > > = : `>= O=O > (> > > =) > = >= P > O (5). " > = =>= > = = >OO > (B, 1982; 1999). ! O S, =>, >>= = O=, =>- ("=, 2008). C, `= VO, =>= ` =S=O `> O, `O = = > >== O>; ` VO, > > = >= => => OP = `O O,`O O, 1990; D> + ., 2003). ! `O >>= = O >=>= O>=>= =O , `= `, = > ` >==. D`= , `O O= = P =>= >. = L `O `= `= O>=, =` V O= `= `=O =>= (, O>,OO>=, `=>= O== O L >, =, .). I >= L O>= = = = Q = O= = D (>= O Z `O[) = = O> `O= , 2008). >>= = L `>>= ` ` (OO, 1993), >= O O=O > = O, ) >X OO>=>=>->. !` >O ` >=O, = P > =, O>= =>= >= > = GQ M H-CP = O== 2000-2010 > > F>(D>, 2001; =, 2006). $, > L ` =>>= > L `O > : ` ` . ! >= >==S > = =>= > O= >= = >= > .A O=O, `== O= O L >=O ,>= = = ` >>-=P =

> = >> = L O = >=O (6).

M@66+5*+ 103 (2011.3) 6://66+5*+../;31/+/11304.4

7/24/2019 elevage pastorale en sngal

5/17

A=, O=>= =O OO >=P P.! > 1996 =P= >O > >=O =>=, >= = `, , >> = =V `, >= =>, P= >=, O== P `>= ` (, 1999). % , = O>=P =P > ` (8) =O= >=. C =, -> =O = >= L `=P, > >==>= O=O= =>= ( =) L = O=, = >>=== `O > >=>O, `-L- => === >= >=>=, >= `= >= O= >=>= 5 = 1997 L 50 =2007 (D, 2009). ! O>= = >->, >W O O=>= => 65=

M@66+5*+ 103 (2011.3) 6://66+5*+../;31/+/11304. 5

BASSINARACHIDIER

fleuve

Sng

al

fleuveSngal

OcanAtlantique

Dakar

Saint-Louis

Louga

This

Rserve de Faunedu Nord Ferlo

Rserve de Faunedu Sud Ferlo

Ranch de Dolly

Rserve dessix forages

Ma u r i t a n i eUnit pastorale

Rserve sylvo-pastorale

Autre rserve

Front agricole

0 70 km

Mappemonde 2011 (GS)Ralisation: J.D. Cesaro, G. Magrin, O. Ninot, 2010

2. L!- !)a%0!- ! !,,%*,%a%-a%*) ! 9!0a#!

7/24/2019 elevage pastorale en sngal

6/17

>. A=, = F>, = O F = H-C>= `= > `=O>= => =>=. E >= >=>=O L = = => `O=>== >= (10), =>=, >>== = => O.> = O> O = P

O=O>= >=>= , > , >= =O > >, = - >=->=O L = > OO >==P >>=== O ` >>O, #O = 2002, =`>O>= > >X. ! =O > =>= >= OO L >O O >. ! =O >O => = > L D. E = >== = ==. C =O == > P O=-= >= == = >= O= $#G O= >. E = >= = = OO > (+=, 2008). !` ==: >= `O>= == O>= , OO L = ==O 1990, =>` = P O= > > (65 000 .),+O= (25 000 .) > > (D, 2009). C O>= >== = > O> ==O 1990(O, 2005). E >`, = > >>= (11). !O = = O =O > = L . E= = > L = ==>= `O: M, =O>= >= = O . E=, =OO >>==P, `) >= >O, == `O; === >=>= OO OO, >= P >, , => (. 3) = >`

. DO> = P >O `= >X >

M@66+5*+ 103 (2011.3) 6://66+5*+../;31/+/11304.6

7/24/2019 elevage pastorale en sngal

7/17

=> > O L >> >=. !`>>= `=

7/24/2019 elevage pastorale en sngal

8/17

7/24/2019 elevage pastorale en sngal

9/17

! P P >= >= `O = = O> O . D= >= O== `= >= >->, ` >==. %> >=>=, O = > >>=O = >=. !`O>>= >=>= >= == , >= >-> #> O=O = `O>=>>= > >= `== = P >

7/24/2019 elevage pastorale en sngal

10/17

E= =, , >=> Q ,%(O= == %>P)> ^, >== O>O > `O O=O, `== >= >= (. 5 6) `= = O > = = L `>>=== `= O > ==O. !`> `O > O>= = L > =>= O.

E= = % = >= = >= == L O=

O =O >=

M@66+5*+ 103 (2011.3) 6://66+5*+../;31/+/11304.10

16

14

OcanAtlant ique

MALI

GUINE-BISSAU GUINE

MAURITANIE

GAMBIE

0 100 km

Mappemonde 2011 (GS)Ralisation:J.D.

Cesaro,

G.

Magrin,

O.

Ninot,2010

1 160 000

519 000

282 000

19 000

Effectif de ruminantspar dpartement

Source: DIREL (2005)

5. E""!c%"- b*0%)- ! +!%- ,(%)a)-: *ca%-a%*) !- c$!+!-

7/24/2019 elevage pastorale en sngal

11/17

= 230 000 > >= > (D,2008), % = OO==> == O> O, >O =. "`= = = = =>= ` >= (>,, >=, .). D= OO , ` > = O == >= = , = = O O>= =O = O ==P,L >O `= => > = ==>= `O >=, >==, >X >>= P OO (=, >=,=). C P >= =O== L = = O == =` = O=.

M@66+5*+ 103 (2011.3) 6://66+5*+../;31/+/11304. 11

16

14

Ocanan que

A M B I

MALI

GUINE-BISSAU GUINE

MAURITANIE

0 100 km

Mappemonde 2011 (GS)Ralisation:J.D.

Cesaro,

G.

Magrin,

O.

Ninot,2010

0,0

0,5

1,0

2,0

8,0

Nombre de ruminantspar habitant

Source: DIREL (2005)

6. E""!c%"- b*0%)- ! +!%- ,(%)a)-: ,a%* a)%(a/+*+a%*)

7/24/2019 elevage pastorale en sngal

12/17

! % O `>= > =>= L `>=>= `. ! O>= Q > L `>=>= >= #> O=O, "= ", => (500 000 =) D (2,5 = `=) O. I > >= = > (200 000 =) > = = G=> > `O > O= =

>=>= : > = > = ==>=>= `, O> >. !`O = > P= > = > = > (>, M O) O, >=, => `>= ,

7/24/2019 elevage pastorale en sngal

13/17

Conclusion

!`O O=O S = = >>= > ==: > = >OO, >W > `= W = O O> >>= > O O=O, ``= = : =` > > =O > F> `=>= >, > `O. A=, = =>= > O>O > =P > = >.

!

=

M@66+5*+ 103 (2011.3) 6://66+5*+../;31/+/11304. 13

OcanAt lant ique

BignonaSdhiou

This

Saint-LouisLouga Labgar

RanrouLingure

Tambacounda

Kdougou

Kolda

Birkelane Payar

Matam

Diourbel

Touba

Kidira

Kbmer

Thiel

Mbour

Gossas

Dahra

Mtor

Mdina Gounass

MALI

GUINE-BISSAU GUINE

MAURITANIE

GAMBIE

0 100 km

Mappemonde 2011 (GS)Ralisation:J.D.

Cesaro,

G.

Magrin,

O.

Ninot,2010

Dagana

Kaolack

Ziguinchor

Dakar

Type de march:

Importance du march:

Transfrontalier

Trs important

Important

Significatif

Production locale

Collecte de bassind'levageIntermdiaire

Consommation

Type de flux:

Trs important

Sources: Santoir, 1972; Tyc, 1994;Wane, 2003; Ninot, 2009

Important

Significatif

8. Ma,c$- ! " ! ba% -, +%!

7/24/2019 elevage pastorale en sngal

14/17

O = > O=. " >=== `=O>= >= = L O,= = = O==>=. A O=O > O>= >> (H=, 1968), = = `P = (#> + ., 2008; A> + ., 2011), `= `O

O= O L =O>>= >=, `= , >=>= L O= > = > = `>>===; ` , `O.

Bibliographie

A#D (2009). $;5 557;+ + 5+ *; $ 2009, 303 .A!FA$*H I.$., A+E!!A #., GI"A*D %., . (2011). L 657;+ +5++ *;

65+ ; %*: ";++ 5+5? A >> =>=, 1-3

>==, %>, 32 .IB#: 2-901560-78-4

D"E I. (2003). L+ #+5 ++ +; + + *+ + -=: > =>= O>=>

7/24/2019 elevage pastorale en sngal

15/17

DI$%A.., $., IC$ICA., >O I. (2003). Z%> ` >= ` > = O>= >> O=O[, >> ==>= $=>= >= > > , ">=, 9 .

DI$% $. (2001). ZC>= O = >

7/24/2019 elevage pastorale en sngal

16/17

!!A C.I. (1999). Z==. ! >= >> O=O[. I= B$*GE$ A., ., H55 5*+ + A7;+++. %: . , >. ZH> *+ 5;65 + *+ +5 *+ ++* 5;; ;+ *+ %+;. =-!>: *GB = !>, . ZH>=: IIED, > =Y 22, 25 .+AI# F. (2008). Z > L D. & => >

O> = = ==O C, `A% I (2007-2009). C- O `==>=>= = >W `O> = =, L O=O, ", = = >.

2. E= `O, => >= =, >=, =). ! >, >=, .) P= > P O= ; >= >= O=O.

3. !`>= => L >=>= >O L >== Z>=, = `=O L >>= O>=> =. % =>=, O= =>= =>.

4. !`=O== = , = >O

O ==P ==O 1980-1990 `O =>= B>= >>.

5. ! =, >= >, =O= = > (70 000 ) O=O ">, = = >= O. ! O=O = O=OO > (> >> >= P, >>= P Q O=O >= == ( >= , = > `, > >>=), P =>= = L D. ! >= >= =

7/24/2019 elevage pastorale en sngal

17/17

13. I >= > = = >== `E>.

15. > O>=, = , L D, OOO.

16. $= >= Z=[ ==. ! = P =>= O >=.

17. ] O = >= %(40 000 F), >= >= > `E> (24,7 L 2007, >= `A#D).

18. ! O>= D >= 137 000>= (A#D, 2007).

19. I >=, L D, > >O = = >>=, A O>= >= = O=O), >= 500=O >: >.==>@>.=.GO "=, *" %$DIG / CIAD, *" EI - 2, +, F-75005 %. C>:, *" %$DIG - 2, +, F-75005 %.C> : >.==@