Ensete

Musa

Musacées Musoideae

Callimusa (20)Australimusa (20)Rhodochlamys (22)Eumusa (22) basjoo

itineransschizocarpa…acuminatabalbisiana

famille s/famille genre section espèce

Décrire la diversité dans des populations à plusieurs niveaux de ploïdie : le cas de la banane

AABAAA AAA

AAAAAB

AABAAAAB AA

AABAAA

AAB

diploïdes / triploïdessauvages / cultivés / domestiqués / selectionnésséminifères / stériles / parthénocarpiquesreproduction sexuée / multiplication végétative

?

AAA98

AA183

AAB

145

AAcv (139)AAw (44)Mutika/lujugira (26)Cavendish (29)Other AAA subgroups (43)Plantains (89)Other AAB subgroups (56)AB (5)ABB (40) BB (12)AS (7)other sp (7)Progeny or undefined (52)

426 accessions 22 SSR 822 DArT

calcul des dissimilarités SSR

nuv

xy N2N

3N

2N 2N

allèles partagésallèles comparés

x

2N 3Nx 3N 3Nx

n3n2n1uv

yzxzxy

vw

uw

uv

yzxzxy

aa x aa : 1aa x ab : 1/2

aa x aaa : 1aa x aab : 4/6aa x abb : 2/6ab x abb : 5/6ab x abc : 4/6

aaa x aaa : 1aab x aab : 14/18aaa x aab : 12/18

question : de quelles familles de diploïdes dérivent les triploïdes cultivés

hypothèse : 2N gamète (restitution totale de l’hétérozygotie) par N gamète

uv xy

xyz xyzuv uvw

di avec di

di avec tri tri avec tri

= n2

n1+n2+n33x2

nuv

xyz

aa x aaa : 1aa x aab : 1ab x abb : 1ab x abc : 1

n2

n3

di avec tri

?

?

AFTD SSR 41 AAw

22SSR 41 Factorial analysis: Axes 1 (20.6%) / 2 (11.2%)

banksii/Banksii ITC0879

Zebrina/Buitenzorg

malaccensis/Cici (Bresil)

microcarpa der./En 13

banksii/Hawain 2

banksii/Higa B5

AAw/ITC 241

zebrina/Mai'a Oa

microcarpa/Microcarpa

Zebrina/Monyet

malaccensis der./Pa Musore n°3

malaccensis der./Pa Musore n°2

siamea/Pa Rayongsiamea der./Pa Songkhla

malaccensis/Pahang

microcarpa der./P. Cici Alas

malaccensis/P. Segun

malaccensis/Selangor

malaccensis der./Tha 018

banksii/Waigu

banksii/'ITC0619

banksii/'ITC0806

banksii/'Hawain 3banksii/'Hawain 2

malaccensis/'ITC0074

banksii/'ITC0885

banksii/'ITC0896

banksii/'ITC0897

errans/Agutay

siamea/Khae (Phrae), THA 015

burmannica/Long Tavoy

Zebrina/Zebrina

ind/"ITC0288 ("Selangor"?)

Zebrina/"Zebrina (maioa)truncata/"BS 393

banksii/ITC0623

Zebrina/"Zebrina G. F.

microcarpa/Borneo

burmannicoides/Calcutta 4malaccensis/"Malaccensis holotype

truncata/"BS 252

H%SSRInfl H%

RFLPChloroMito DNA

30.00

54.5557.14

73.68

16.67

5.56

44.44

35.00

57.89

38.10

40.0042.86

55.00

40.00

45.45

66.67

50.00

27.78

29.41

47.37

18.75

19.05

13.64

5.00

30.00

13.6433.33

19.05

20.00

9.5259.09

40.91

42.86

68.4223.53

9.52

68.18

61.90

36.36

61.11

52.94

58.82

28.57

40.00

35.00

44.44

40.91

0.14

0.15

0.170.19

0

56

51

-

9

50

30

16

16

28

2

7

7

2

923

9

0

24

26

33

35 ?

I-na

II-β

-

I-ε

V-φ

II-α

II-χ

II-δ

II-na ?

1.12

1.15

1.16

1.13

1.18

1.17

1.08

1.09

1.09

1.08

1.10

1.11

1.10

1.101.10

1.16

1.10

1.18

1.10

1.12

1.11 ?

35 ? II-na ? 1.11 ?

V-φ

V-φ

V-φ

V-φ

II-χ

II-δ

II-δ

II-γ

II-γ

IV-χ

II-χ

I-ε 1.18

I-ε0.14

22 SSR 41 + outgroups

NJTree SSR

zebrina/Buitenzorg

banksii/'ITC0619

BB /Balbisiana Cameroun

banksii/Banksii ITC0879

malaccensis/Cici (Bresil)

microcarpa der./En 13

banksii/Hawain 2

banksii/Higa B5

ITC 241

zebrina/Mai'a Oa

microcarpa/Microcarpa

zebrina/Monyet

M. basjoo/M. basjoo

malaccensis der./Pa Musore n°3malaccensis der./Pa Musore n°2

siamea/Pa Rayong

siamea der./Pa Songkhla

malaccensis/Pahang

microcarpa der./P. Cici Alas

malaccensis/P. Segun

malaccensis/Selangor

malaccensis der./Tha 018

banksii/Waigu

banksii/'ITC0806

banksii/'Hawain 3

banksii/'Hawain 2

malaccensis/'ITC0074

banksii/'ITC0885banksii/'ITC0896

banksii/'ITC0897

schizo/'Schizocarpaerrans/Agutay

siamea/Khae (Phrae), THA 015burmannica/Long Tavoy

zebrina/Zebrina

BBtype 3/Lal Velchi

ind/"ITC0288 ("Selangor"?)

zebrina/"zebrina (maioa)truncata/"BS 393

banksii/ITC0623

M. basjoo/"M. basjoo

zebrina/"Zebrina G. F.

microcarpa/Borneo

burmannicoides/Calcutta 4

M. laterita/"M. laterita

malaccensis/"Malaccensis holotype

truncata/"BS 252

0.17

0.14

0.14

1

2

34

5

6

7

8

9

10

V-φ

13* II-ε*

17 II-na17 * II-*

39* II-*

10* III-ε*

II-*

VIII-τVII-τ*

193*

* données complétées à partir de la base Neufchâteau C.Jenny

PNG

SE-AsieE Java

Idn

PNG

Papua

(germany)

SE-Asie

Thai

Thai

Thai

Thai

Java

Malaysia

Thai

Papua

PNG

PNG

PNG

PNG

Malaysia

PNG

PNG

PNG

PNG

SE-Asie

ThaiThai

W Java

Inde

Malaysia

PNG

Burma

Malaysia

origine

1.18

1.18

1.04

V banksii

VI schizo

IV siameaKhae (Phrae)

II malaccenciserransburmamicrocarpatruncata

III P.Cici

0 Australimusa -CallimusaButuhan (balbi x textilis?)

I zebrina

IX AAB ou ABB

3 9 12

3 9 10

3 9 113 9 ?

? 9 11

2 9 11

1 7 11

1 7 12

? ? 11

5 ? 11

5 8 11

5 6 11 5 6 12 4 6 12

VII balbisiana‘Cameroun’

VIII autres balbisiana

median joining (logiciel Network 4)en rouge les numéros de bandes qui apparaissent/disparaissent sur la branche

Chlorotypes d’après Carreel et al (2002)

V 1.7.11banksii

VI 1.7.12Schizo

VIII 4.6.12IX 5.6.12VII 5.6.11

balbiI 5.8.11

zebIV 2.9.11

Khae erransmalaccencis

burma…

II 3.9.11

0 3.9.12Australimusa

Callimusa

???

acuminata Eumusa

Profils anthocyaniques d’après Horry (1989)

Cyanidine

Péonidine

Delphinidine

Petunidine

Malvidine

évolution

Classe IZebrinaAkondro

Classe IICavendishPome/Prata

Classe IVbanksii

Classe IIIbalbisiana

Classe Vautres acu.,AAcv…

les groupes AAw

les migrations des langues austronésiennes

BorneoSumatra

Java

Papoua

Moluques

-1500

-2000/4000

-3000/5000

truncatamalaccencis

burma siamea

banksii

microcarpa

errans

zebrina

Rose/IDN 110

Akondro Mainty

ITC0879

Bebek

Beram

Bie YengBuitenzorg

Cici (Bresil)

Colatina Ouro

Datil

Dibit

En 13

Fu Des

Gabah Gabah

Garunga

Gobusik

Gu Nin Chiao

Hawain 2

Higa B5

Hom

IDN 077

Igua

Inori

ITC 241

Katual #2

Khai Nai On

Kirun

Kumburgh

Kungor

Mai'a Oa

Mala

Meleng

Microcarpa

Mjenga

Monyet

N° 110/Tha 52

NBA 14 / SF 215Niyarma Yik

Nzumoheli I

Onato

Pa Musore n°3Pa Musore n°2

Pa Rayong

Pa Songkhla

Pahang

Paika

Paka

P. Bangkahulu

P. Cici Alas

P. Jaran

P. Jari Buaya (Idn) P. Madu

P.Oli P.Pipit

P. Rojo Uter

P. Segun

P. Tongat

Sa

Selangor

SN2

Sowmuk

Ta

Tha 018

Thong Det

To'o

Waigu

'Adina

'Agul'Aivip

'Avalira

'Awondaeke

'Bagul

'ITC0619

'ITC0806'Bega

'Bogia Mun

'Bud

'Gebi

'Gilasalasa

'Gorop

'Hawain 3'Hawain 2

'Hung Tu 'Ivi Ivi

'Japaraka no.2

'Kasaska

'Katual Vunalir

'Kekiau

'Kenar

'Kokopo

'Kuspaka

'Kwaro

'Kwosriake

'Loibwa

'Mah

'Mai'a hapai

'Maka

'ITC0074

'Maleb

'Mamakila

'Manameg Red

'Mossmum

'Mpiajhap'ITC0885

'ITC0896

'ITC0897'Navaradam

'Odwa

'Papat

'Papat Wung

'P. Lilin

'Sena

'Sepi

'Sihir

'Somani'Spiral

'Tainga

'Tapatuput

'Te'engi 'Udiwasi

'Vudu Beo

'Yapu Yapu

'Yenai

'Yendisi

"Trumay

Agutay

"Too

Khae (Phrae)

"No 110

"S.F. 265

Long Tavoy

"M. acuminata hy (302)

"P. Madu

"Djum metek

"Pa (Patthalong) "Tjau lagada

P. Jari Buaya/BS312

"Undu jamau

P. Mas / Figue Sucrée

"Gwanhour

Zebrina

Paka

"P. buntal

"Monjet

"ITC0288 ("Selangor"????)"Uwati

"Zebrina (maioa)

"P. Berlin

"False madang

"P. Gigi buaya

"BS 393

"Heva

"S.F. 248

"Morong princesa

"Figue sucree (BS 107)

ITC0623

"Zebrina G. F.

Borneo

"Galeo"Pitu

"P.Tongat

"Guyod (11-33)

"Tuu gia

"Saing todloh

Calcutta 4

"Manang

"P. Mulik

"Malaccensis holotype"BS 252

"Padri

"Wh-O-Gu

"Tamai

Hawain

SpiralVudu BeoKatual

Bagul

Mala

Galéo

Beram

Mlali

Buaya

Figue Khai

SiameaBurma

Malaccencis

ZebrinaMicrocarpa

Guyod

SSR 172 AA w + cv IIa

Vf / Va

Va

II d,e,g

IIf

IIa

0

10

20

30

40

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

plantain

popoulou

pome

laknao

silk

iholena

AABind

Hétérozygotie des triploides

0

10

20

30

40

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

cav

GM

ibota

mutika

red

orotava

AAAind

0

10

20

30

40

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

bluggoe

ney man.

P.aw ak

ABBind

groupe cyto nb H2 H3 H2+3

AAA Cavendish IIa 26 57.68 26.65 84.34Gros Michel IIa 5 67.68 13.30 80.98Mutika/Lujugira Ve 25 41.53 24.90 66.43Orotava IIa 5 52.32 27.25 79.57Red IIa 7 52.52 25.24 77.76Ibota IIa 8 54.74 31.20 85.94

AAB Iholena Vf 5 49.09 9.09 58.18Popoulou/Maia Maoli Vf 7 51.51 11.08 62.59Plantain Vf 79 52.17 16.98 69.15Laknao Vf 5 37.56 18.05 55.61Nendra Padaththi IIa 2 51.59 25.79 77.38Nadan IIa 2 56.82 25.00 81.82Pome/Prata IIa 6 63.01 22.49 85.50Silk IId 5 44.62 9.49 54.11

ABB Ney Mannan IIi 4 52.86 18.49 71.35Bluggoe IIi 6 50.26 16.11 66.37Monthan - 2 55.23 14.55 69.77Peyan VIIIi 2 49.08 10.26 59.34P. Awak VIIIi 5 42.62 16.78 59.40

H3

H2

AAA AAB

ABB

AAA

AAB

AA

AA

AAA

AAB

ABB

AAB

AA

AAAAAA

AAA

ABB

AAAAAAAAA

AAA

AAA

AA

ABB

AA

AAAAA

AAB

AA

AA

AAB

ABB

AA

AB

AAA

AAB

AA

AA

AA

ABB

AA

AAA

AA

AAAA

AAAAAA

AA

AAA

AAA

AA

AA

AAB

AA

AA

ABB

AA

AAB

AAAAAAAAAAA

AAB

AA

AAA

AA

AAB

AA

AAB

AAA

AAB

AAA

AAB

AAB

AAB

AA

AAB

AA

AAB

AAB

AAB

AAA

AA

AA

AA

AAB

AAB

ABB

AA

AAA

AAA

AA

AA

AAB

AAA

AA

AABAAB

AAB

AAAAAA

AA

AAB

AA

AAA

AAAAAA

AAAA

AA

AA

AAA

ABB

AA

AAA

AA

ABB

AAA

AA

AA

AAB

ABBABB

AA

AAB

AA AAA

AA

AAB

AA

AAA

AA

AAA

AAB

AA

AAA

AAB

AAB

AAB

ABBABB

AAB

AA

AAA

AA

AA

ABB

AA

AAB

AA

AAA

AAB

AA

AA

AAB

AA

AAAAAA

AAB

AAAAB

AA

AAB

AA

AA

AAB

???

ABB

AA

AA

AA

???

AAAAAA

ABB

ABB

AAAA

AAA

AAB

ABB

AA

AAB

AA

AA

AA

AAA

AAAA

AAB

AA

AAB

AAB

AA

AA

AAA

ABB

AAB

AAB

AA

AAAA

AA

AA

AAB

AA

AA

AA

AA

AA

???

AAB

AA

AA

AA

AA AA

AAA

AAB

AAA

AAA

AAA

AA

AAAA

AAAA

AA

AAA

???

AA

AAAAAA

AA

AA

AA

AAB

AAB

AAA

AAA

AAB

AA

AAAA

AA

AA

AA

AAB

AA

AA

AAB

AA

AAB

AAA

AAB

AA

ABBAAB

AAB

AAA

AA

AA

AA

AAB

AAB

AAA

ABB

ABB

AAA

AA

AAAAAA

AAA

ABB

ABB

AAAAAA

AAA

ABB

AAAAAAAAA

ABB

AAA

AAAAAAAAA

AAB

AAA

AA

ABB ABB

AAAAAAAAA

ABB

AA

AA

AAB

AAB

AAB

AAB

AAB

AAB

AAB

AAB

AAB

AAB

AABAABAABAAB

AABAAB

ABB

AAB

AAB

AABAABAAB

AAB

AAA

AAA

AAB

AAB

AAB

AAB

AAB

AAB

AAB

AA

ABB

AAB

AAB

AAB

AAB

AABAAB

AAB

AAB

AA

AAB

AABAABAAB

AAB

AABAAB

AAB

AAAA

AAB

AAB

AAB

AAB

AABAAB

AAB

AB

AABAAB

AAB AAB

AABAAB

AAA

AA

AAA

AAB

AA

ABB

AA

AAA

AAB

AA

AB

AA

AA

AA

AAB

AAAAAA

AA

ABB

AA

AAA

AA

AA

AA

AAA

ABB

AA

AAAAAA

AAB

AAA

AAA

AAB

AA

AAB

AA

AAA

AAB

AA

AA

AA

AA

AA

AA

AAA

AA

AAA

AAA

AA

AAA

AA

AA

ABBAAB

AA

AAB

AAAA

AA

AA AAB

AAAA

AA

AA

AA

AAB

AA

AA

AAA

AA

AAB

AA

ABBABB

AA

AAA

AAA

ABB

ABB

AAA

AB

Arbre NJ 22 SSR 446 triploïdes AAA AAB ABB et diploïdes AA AB(sous contrainte diploides AA)

G1

G2

G3

G4

AAwAAcvABASAAAAABABB

Plantains Vφ

BluggoeNey MannanMonthan IIι

Popoulou VφMaia Maoli Vα

Iholena Vφ

TrumayGoropPaika

Dimaemamosi

Guyod IIα

Arbre NJ 22 SSR 446 triploïdes AAA AAB ABB et diploïdes AA AB(sous contrainte diploides AA)

G1

Plantain/3 Vert

Plantain/Amou

ABB ind./Auko/ITC 983

Laknao/Bagatow

Bluggoe/Burro (Cemsa)

Plantain/Congo 2Plantain/Diby

ABB ind./Dwarf Kalapua

Plantain/French Clair

Popoulou/Maia Maoli/Iho U Maohi

ABB ind./Kalapua N.2

Plantain/Kelong Mekintu

Laknao/Kune

AAB ind./Kupulik

Plantain/Kwa

Iholena/Luba

Plantain/Madre Del Platano

Popoulou/Maia Maoli/Mai'a Maoli

Popoulou/Maia Maoli/Mai'o Popo'ulu Moa

Plantain/Mbindi

Plantain/Mbouroukou 1Plantain/Mkono Wa Tembo

AAB ind./Mnalouki

ABB ind./Moenang

Plantain/Ndingo Liko

Plantain/Njock KonPlantain/Njombe 2

Plantain/Nothing But Green

Plantain/Nzumoigne

AAcv/Paika

Ney Mannan/P. Abu Perak

ABB ind./P. Gajih Merah

Laknao/P. Kapas

ABB ind./P. KepokPeyan/P. Kepok Bung

AAB ind./P. Nangka

Laknao/P.Sungu

AAB ind./P. Ustrali (Bra)

Popoulou/Maia Maoli/Poingo

Bluggoe/Poteau GeantBluggoe/Poteau Nain

Plantain/Red Ebanga

Ney Mannan/Som

AAB ind./Teeb Kum

AAw banksii/WaiguAAB ind./Wambo

Plantain/'Akpakpak

ABB ind./'Auko/ITC1239

ABB ind./'Bengani

Ney Mannan/'Blue Java

Plantain/'Corne 1

ABB ind./'Daru

AAB ind./'Dimaemamosi

AAB ind./‘Gamaha

AAcv/'Gorop

AAB ind./'Horul

Iholena/'ula'ula

ABB ind./'Kandrian

Plantain/'Kar Ngou

AAB ind./'Kunaimp

Popoulou/Maia Maoli/'Mai'a popo'ulu lahilahi

Plantain/'Mbi Egome 1

AAw banksii/'ITC0885

Popoulou/Maia Maoli/Nou

Plantain/'Plantain no.2

Iholena/'Rukumamb Tambey

AAB ind./'Tangtang

Iholena/'Tigua

Iholena/'Uzakan

Popoulou/Maia Maoli/'Vudi wai waiABB ind./'Vunapope

AAB ind./'Waema

Plantain/Orishele

ABB ind./"Sabra

Pelipita/Pelipita

AAcv/"Trumay

Bluggoe/Dole

Bluggoe/"Bluggoe

AAw errans/Agutay

AAB ind./"TopalaABB ind./"Maduranga

Monthan/"Monthan saba

Plantain/"Dominico macho

Plantain/"Orishele

Plantain/"Dominico Rojo

Plantain/"Red Plantain

Plantain/"Ntanga 6

Plantain/"Niangafelo

Plantain/"Okoyo Ukom

Plantain/"Eberedia Ukom

Plantain/"Gabon 4

Plantain/"Moungeli

Plantain/"Walungu 8

Plantain/"Diby 2 off-type

Plantain/"Nazika

Plantain/"O. Ntanga G. M

Plantain/"Mbi Egome

Saba/Saba

Plantain/"Mbi Egome 3

Plantain/"Ovang

Plantain/"Haton Tigre

Plantain/"Obubit Ukom

Plantain/"Dominico 500 (636)

Plantain/"Tsambunu

Plantain/"Bise Egome 2

Plantain/"Atali Kiogo

Plantain/"Banane Serpent

Plantain/"Red Plantain Hembra

Plantain/"Platano

Plantain/"Bo-Ahui-Abue

Monthan/Monthan

Plantain/"Motouka 1

Plantain/"Baka

Plantain/"Currare

Plantain/"Apem Onniaba

Plantain/"Apantu

Plantain/"Big Ebanga

Plantain/"Zue Ekon

Plantain/"Ngok Egome

Plantain/"Nia Mbang

Plantain/"Moto Ebanga

Plantain/"EgjogaPlantain/"Msisa

AAB ind./"AO 157

Plantain/"EssangPlantain/"Bungaoisan

Plantain/"Mololou

Plantain/"3 Hand Planty

Plantain/"French Reversion

Plantain/"Agbagba

Plantain/"Mzuzu=nothing but green

Plantain/"Didiede

Plantain/"Dominico Haton Rojo (630)

Plantain/"Harton Maqueno

Plantain/"Purple Plantain

Plantain/"Mimi Abue

Plantain/"Mbirinyong

Plantain/"Currare Enano

Plantain/"Nselouka

Plantain/"Obino L'ewai

Popoulou/Maia Maoli/Popoulou

P. Rajah/P. Raja Bulu, IDN 093

Ney mannan/Ice Cream

Plantain/Red Yade

AAcv/"Guyod (11-33)

AAB ind./"Muracho

Laknao/"Laknau (AV-66)

ABB ind./K. Tiparot, THA 020

ABB ind./"Blue Torres Strait

Bluggoe/"Cachaco Vι

VIIIι

IXιVι

VIIIα

Vα

plantains, popoulous, monthan, bluggoe, qq de type banksiii

‘Vudu Beo’

‘Spiral’

‘Katual’

Mutika Vε

‘Mala’ IIφ

‘Galeo’ Vα

‘Bagul’

Arbre NJ 22 SSR 446 triploïdes AAA AAB ABB et diploïdes AA AB(sous contrainte diploides AA)

G2

AAw banksii/Banksii ITC0879

AAcv banksii der./Bebek

AAcv/Beram

AAcv banksii der./Bie Yeng

Mutika/Lujugira/Bolo BigouyoMutika/Lujugira/Bui-Se-Ed

AAcv banksii der./Dibit

AAcv/Fu Des

AAcv/Garunga

AAcv/Gobusik

AAw banksii/Hawain 2

AAw banksii/Higa B5

AAcv/Igua

AAcv/Inori

AAcv/Katual #2

AAcv banksii der./Kumburgh

AAcv/Kungor

AAcv/Mala

AAA ind./Medja

AAcv/Meleng

AAcv banksii der./NBA 14 / SF 215

Mutika/Lujugira/N'genge

AAcv banksii der./Niyarma Yik

Mutika/Lujugira/NshikaMutika/Lujugira/Nyamwihogora

AAcv/Onato

AAcv/Paika

AAA ind./Palang

AAcv banksii der./SN2

AAcv banksii der./Sowmuk

AAcv/Ta

AAcv banksii der./To'o

AAcv/'Adina

AAB ind./'Agu

AAcv/'Agul

AAcv/'Aivip

AAcv/'Avalira

AAcv/'Awondaeke

AAcv/'Bagul

AAw banksii/'ITC0619

AAw banksii/'ITC0806

AAcv/'Bega

AAcv/'Bogia Mun

AAcv/'Bud

AAcv/'Gebi

AAcv/'Gilasalasa

AAw banksii/'Hawain 3AAw banksii/'Hawain 2

AAcv/'Hung Tu

AAcv/'Ivi Ivi

AAcv/'Japaraka no.2

AAB ind./'Kanim

AAcv/'Kasaska

AAcv/'Katual VunalirAAcv/'Kekiau

AAcv/'Kenar

AAcv/'Kokopo

AAcv/'Kuspaka

AAcv/'Kwaro

AAcv/'Kwosriake

AAcv/'Loibwa

AAcv/'Mah

AAcv/'Maka

AAcv/'Maleb

AAcv/'Mamakila

AAcv banksii der./'Manameg Red

AAA ind./'Merik

AAA ind./'Mise'ehina

AAcv/'Mpiajhap

AAw banksii/'ITC0885

AAw banksii/'ITC0896

AAw banksii/'ITC0897

AAcv/'Navaradam

AAcv/'Odwa

AAA ind./'Pagatau

AAA ind./'Palang

AAcv/'Papat

AAcv/'Papat Wung

AAcv/'Sena

AAcv banksii der./'Sepi

AAcv/'Sihir

AAcv/'Somani

AAcv/'Spiral

AAcv/'Tainga

AAcv/'Tapatuput

AAcv/'Te'engi

AAcv/'Udiwasi

AAcv/'Vudu Beo

AAB ind./'Wandia

AAcv/'Yapu Yapu

AAcv/'Yendisi

Mutika/Lujugira/"Kibungo

Mutika/Lujugira/"Isha

Mutika/Lujugira/"Makara

Mutika/Lujugira/"Ingumba y' inyamunyo

Mutika/Lujugira/"Ingarama

Mutika/Lujugira/"IgitsiriMutika/Lujugira/"Bakurura

Mutika/Lujugira/"ImbogoMutika/Lujugira/"Igisahira gisanzwe

AAA ind./"FoulahMutika/Lujugira/"Ingarara

Mutika/Lujugira/"Ikigeregere

Mutika/Lujugira/"Inyonya

Mutika/Lujugira/"Kitawira

Mutika/Lujugira/"Ingoromoka

Mutika/Lujugira/"Nakitengwa

AAcv/"Too

AAcv/"S.F. 265

AAcv/"Djum metek

AAcv/"Undu jamau

AAcv banksii der./"GwanhourAAcv banksii/"Monjet

Mutika/Lujugira/MbwazirumeMutika/Lujugira/Intokatoke

AAcv/"Uwati

AAcv/"False madang

AAcv/"Heva

AAcv/"S.F. 248

Ssp/sgr507/"Ouro Mel

AAA ind./"Toowoolee

AAw banksii/ITC0623

AAcv banksii der./"GaleoAAcv/"Pitu

AAw truncata/"BS 252

AAcv/"Padri

AAcv/"Wh-O-Gu

AAcv/"Tamai

Mutika/Lujugira/"Indemera y' imbihire

Mutika/Lujugira/"MbirabireMutika/Lujugira/"Intariho

AAcv/'Gorop

‘Beram’ Vα

Cavendish IIα

Gros Michel IIα

Buya IIβ

Mlali IIα

Pome IIα

Silk IIδ

Awak VIIIι

AB IId

Arbre NJ 22 SSR 422 triploïdes AAA AAB ABB et diploïdes AA AB(sous contrainte diploides AA)

G3

Cavendish/901

AAcv/Akondro Mainty

Cavendish/Americani

P. Awak/Bom

Cavendish/BS 365

Cavendish/BS 570Cavendish/BS 577

Cavendish/BS 579

Gros Michel/CocosAAcv microcarpa der./Colatina Ouro

ABcv/Ney Poovan/Figue Pomme(Ekona)

AAcv/Gabah Gabah

P. Awak/Gia Hui

Cavendish/Gran Enano

Gros Michel/Highgate

Cavendish/Hochuchu

AAA ind./Hom Thong Mokho

Silk/Kingala N°1

AAA ind./Koja

Cavendish/Kutri

Silk/Malbhog

AAcv/Mjenga

Cavendish/Morong Principe

AAcv/Nzumoheli I

AAcv/Paka

AAcv microcarpa der./P. Jari Buaya (Idn)

AAB ind./Porp

AAA ind./Samba

Silk/Supari

Cavendish/Tay But

Cavendish/UmalagCavendish/Vietnam 5

Pome/Prata/Wahla

AAB ind./Ambo I

Cavendish/'Chinese Cavendish

Nadan/'Improved Lady Finger

Cavendish/'Mons Mari (Pedwell)

Cavendish/'New Guinea Cavendish

Pome/'Pome

Cavendish/'Robusta

Cavendish/'VeimamaCavendish/'Williams (Bronze-free)

Nadan/Lady Finger

P. Awak/"P. Awak

Cavendish/Grande Naine

ABB ind./"Fougamou

Pome/"Figue Famille

Silk/Figue Pomme Géante

Gros Michel/"Gros Michel

Pome/Prata/Foconah

ABcv/Safet Velchi

Cavendish/Petite NaineCavendish/Poyo

Peyan/Simili Radjah

Gros Michel/Gros Michel

Pome/Prata/Prata Ana

ABcv/Kunnan

AAcv microcarpa der./P. Jari Buaya/BS312

AAcv/Paka

P. Awak/Namwa Khom, THA011

Pome/"Pome

Cavendish/"Robusta 133

Nendra padaththi/P. Rajah

Cavendish/"P. masak hijau

Mysore/P. Ceylan

AAcv microcarpa der./"P. Gigi buaya

Ssp/sgr507/"Ouro Mel

AAcv/"Morong princesa

Cavendish/"Valery

Cavendish/"Lacatan

Silk/"Kinkala

AAB ind./"dit plantain-Silk

Nendra padaththi/"Rajapuri India

AAcv/"Tuu gia

AAcv microcarpa der./"Saing todloh

AAw truncata/"BS 252

Gros Michel/"Highgate

AAB ind./"Mbeta 1 (Mysore)

ABB ind./"KamaramasengeABcv/"Ney poovan

IIα

Khai IIα

Figue IIα

IbotaIIα

Red IIα

Orotava IIα

Zebrina

Malac. IIδ

Burm. / Siamea

Arbre NJ 22 SSR 422 triploïdes AAA AAB ABB et diploïdes AA AB(sous contrainte diploides AA)

G4

VIIIε

AAcv/Rose/IDN 110

AAw Zebrina/BuitenzorgAAw malaccensis/Cici (Bresil)

AAcv/Datil

AAw microcarpa der./En 13

Red/Figue Rose Naine

AAcv/Gu Nin ChiaoAAcv siamea der./Hom

Orotava/Hom(Sakon Nakhon)

AAcv/IDN 077

AAw/ITC 241

AAcv/Khai Nai On

Ibota/Khai Thong RuangIbota/KhomIbota/Khom Bao

AAcv microcarpa der./Kirun

Ibota/Lagun Vunalir

AAw zebrina/Mai'a Oa

AAw microcarpa/Microcarpa

AAw Zebrina/Monyet

Red/Mossi

AAcv/N° 110/Tha 52

Orotava/Orotava

Pa Musore n°3Pa Musore n°2

Pa Rayong

siamea der./Pa Songkhla

malac./Pahang

AAcv/P. Bangkahulu

AAA ind./P. Berangan

AAw microcarpa der./P. Cici Alas

Red/P. Glintong

AAcv/P. Jaran

AAcv microcarpa der./P. Madu

AAcv malaccensis der./P. Oli

AAA ind./P. Papan

AAcv/P. Pipit

P. Kelat/P. Pulut

AAcv/P. Rojo Uter

Ibota/P. Saripipi

AAw malaccensis/P. Segun

Orotava/P. Sri

AAcv/P. Tongat

Orotava/P. Umbuk

AAcv/Sa

AAw malaccensis/Selangor

malac./Tha 018

Thong Det

P. Kelat/Tien Than Huan

AAA ind./Banane Rouge

Red/'Green Red

Ibota/'JD Yangambi

AAcv/'Mai'a hapai

AAw malaccensis/'ITC0074

AAA ind./'Mata KunAAcv/'Mossmum

AAcv malac. der./'P. Lilin

Red/'Red Dacca

AAcv/'Yenai

Red/"Red

Orotava/P. Kayu, (IDN098)

AAw siamea/Khae (Phrae), THA 015

Ambon/P. bakar , IDN106

AAcv/"No 110

AAw burmannica/Long Tavoy

AAcv/"M. acuminata hy (302)

AAcv/"P. madu

AAcv/"Pa (Patthalong)

AAcv/"Tjau lagada

AAcv microcarpa der./P. Mas / Figue Sucrée

Red/"Lai THA002

Rio/Leite

Ibota/"Yangambi KM5

AAcv/"P. buntal

AAA ind./"Green red

AAw ind/"ITC0288 ("Selangor"????)

Ibota/Yangambi KM5

AAw Zebrina/"Zebrina (maioa)

AAcv/"P. Berlin

truncata/"BS 393

AAcv/"Figue sucree (BS 107)

AAw Zebrina/"Zebrina G. F.

AAw microcarpa/Borneo

AAcv errans der./"P. tongat

AAw burmannicoides/Calcutta 4

AAcv/"Manang

AAcv/"P. Mulik

AAw malaccensis/"Malaccensis holotype

AAw Zebrina/Zebrina

NJ tree DArT 139 triploides et diploides AAsous contrainte des diploides

Plantain/Red Yade

Pome/Prata/Foconah

AAw banksii/ITC0623

AAw microcarpa/Borneo

ABB ind./K. Tiparot, THA 020

Plantain/Orishele

Pelipita/Pelipita

Bluggoe/Dole

AAw errans/Agutay

AAw siamea/Khae (Phrae), THA 015

Silk/Figue Pomme Géante

Saba/Saba

Ambon/P. bakar , IDN106

Monthan/Monthan

AAw burmannica/Long Tavoy

Cavendish/Poyo

Popoulou/Maia Maoli/Popoulou

Peyan/Simili Radjah

ABcv/Kunnan

Plantain/"Banane Serpent

AAcv microcarpa der./P. Jari Buaya/BS312

AAcv microcarpa der./P. Mas / Figue Sucrée

P. Raja/P. Raja Bulu, IDN 093

Rio/Leite

Ney mannan/Ice Cream

AAw Zebrina/Zebrina

P. Awak/Namwa Khom, THA011

Mysore/P. Ceylan

Ibota/Yangambi KM5

AAcv/"P. Berlin

AAw truncata/"BS 393

AAcv malaccensis der./"P. Lilin

AAw malaccensis/"Malaccensis holotype

Nadan/Lady Finger

AAw burmannicoides/Calcutta 4

Mutika/Lujugira/Intokatoke

Cavendish/901

Plantain/3 Vert

AAcv/Rose/IDN 110

AAcv/Akondro Mainty

Plantain/Amou

ABB ind./Auko/ITC 983

Laknao/Bagatow

AAw banksii/Banksii ITC0879

AAcv banksii der./Bebek

AAcv/Beram

Mutika/Lujugira/Bolo Bigouyo

P. Awak/Bom

Cavendish/BS 570

Mutika/Lujugira/Bui-Se-Ed

Bluggoe/Burro (Cemsa)

AAw malaccensis/Cici (Bresil)

Gros Michel/Cocos

AAcv microcarpa der./Colatina Ouro

Plantain/Congo 2

AAcv/Datil

AAcv banksii der./Dibit

Plantain/Diby

ABB ind./Dwarf Kalapua

ABcv/Ney Poovan/Figue Pomme(Ekona)

Red/Figue Rose Naine

Plantain/French Clair

AAcv/Fu Des

AAcv/Gabah Gabah

P. Awak/Gia Hui

AAcv banksii der./Bie Yeng

Cavendish/Gran Enano

AAw banksii/Hawain 2

AAw banksii/Higa B5

Gros Michel/Highgate

Cavendish/Hochuchu

AAcv siamea der./Hom

AAA ind./Hom Thong Mokho

Orotava/Hom(Sakon Nakhon)

AAcv/IDN 077

Saba/IDN 107

AAcv/Igua

Popoulou/Maia Maoli/Iho U Maohi

AAcv/Inori

AAw/ITC 241

AAcv/Katual #2

Plantain/Kelong Mekintu

AAcv/Khai Nai On

Ibota/Khai Thong RuangIbota/Khom

Ibota/Khom Bao

Silk/Kingala N°1

AAcv microcarpa der./Kirun

AAA ind./Koja

AAcv banksii der./Kumburgh

Laknao/Kune

AAcv/Kungor

AAB ind./Kupulik

Cavendish/Kutri

Plantain/KwaIholena/Luba

Plantain/Madre Del Platano

Popoulou/Maia Maoli/Mai'a Maoli

AAw zebrina/Mai'a Oa

AAcv/Mala

Silk/Malbhog

Plantain/Mbouroukou 1

AAA ind./Medja

AAw microcarpa/Microcarpa

Plantain/Mkono Wa Tembo

AAB ind./Mnalouki

AAw Zebrina/Monyet

Cavendish/Morong Principe

Red/Mossi

AAcv/N° 110/Tha 52

AAcv banksii der./NBA 14 / SF 215

Plantain/Ndingo Liko

Mutika/Lujugira/N'genge

AAcv banksii der./Niyarma Yik

Plantain/Njock Kon

Plantain/Njombe 2Plantain/Nothing But Green

Mutika/Lujugira/NshikaMutika/Lujugira/Nyamwihogora

AAcv/Nzumoheli I

AAB ind./Nzumoigne

AAcv/Onato

Orotava/Orotava

AAw malaccensis der./Pa Musore n°3AAw malaccensis der./Pa Musore n°2

AAw siamea/Pa Rayong

AAw siamea der./Pa SongkhlaAAw malaccensis/Pahang

Ney Mannan/P. Abu Perak

Laknao/P. Kapas

AAB ind./P. Nangka

AAB ind./P. Ustrali (Bra)

Popoulou/Maia Maoli/Poingo

AAB ind./Porp

Bluggoe/Poteau GeantBluggoe/Poteau Nain

Plantain/Red Ebanga

Silk/Supari

AAB ind./Teeb Kum

‘Figue IIα‘Khai

Ibota IIα

Red IIα

Orotava IIα

ZebrinaMalac. IIδ

Burm. / Siamea

Cavendish IIα

Gros Michel IIα

Buya IIβ

Mlali IIα

Pome IIα

Silk IIδ

Awak VIIIι

Mutika Vε

Plantains Vφ

BluggoeNey MannanMonthan IIι

Popoulou VφIholena VφMaia Maoli Vα

Banksii Vα

0.00

0.10

0.20

0.30

0.40

0.50

0.60

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5

score B

score A

Acuminata vs Balbisianafréquences allèliques

K.Tiparot

Trumay

KanimWandiaAgu

P.Nangka

P.Kelat Tien Than HuanAA/AAA

AAB type plantains

AAB ABB

ABB AB

BB

Ney Mannan/Som et 'Blue Java

AAcvAAwAAAAAB plantains

ABABBBB

AAB autres

Scores à partir des fréquences allèliques des 4 ssp AAw

groupe H% cyto nb SC bank. SC Zeb. SC Malac. SC Burm.AAw Bank. 19 Vφ 9 0.75 0.16 0.22 0.13

Zeb. 38 Iε 3 0.17 0.68 0.14 0.10Malac. 41 IIδ 5 0.23 0.16 0.50 0.14Siam/ Burm. 40 IIχ 3 0.14 0.11 0.13 0.45

BB BB 8 0.08 0.10 0.05 0.09AA Figue 59 IIα 15 0.16 0.25 0.20 0.13

Khai 65 IIα, IIδ 12 0.17 0.17 0.24 0.14Hawain 16 Vφ 10 0.75 0.16 0.22 0.14Spiral 30 Vα, Vφ 13 0.58 0.19 0.19 0.12Vudu Beo 43 Vα, Vφ 15 0.58 0.20 0.18 0.11 'ITC0885 14 Vφ 0.62 0.20 0.20 0.12Katual 38 Vα 13 0.50 0.21 0.16 0.12 Waigu 47 Vφ 0.54 0.15 0.21 0.08Waigu 7 'Gorop 29 Vφ 0.49 0.23 0.19 0.08Bagul 54 Vφ, IIα, Vα 15 0.48 0.24 0.19 0.12 Paika 53 Vφ 0.49 0.23 0.21 0.14Mala 54 IIφ 4 0.44 0.27 0.17 0.09 "Trumay 67 0.38 0.15 0.15 0.07Galeo 70 Vα 11 0.35 0.23 0.23 0.10 "Guyod (11-33) 62 IIα 0.38 0.33 0.22 0.10Beram 55 Vα 10 0.40 0.23 0.18 0.12 Agutay 20 IIα 0.37 0.15 0.16 0.14Mlali 55 IIα 5 0.35 0.20 0.18 0.14Buaya 81 IIβ 6 0.20 0.17 0.16 0.12

AAA Cavendish IIα 26 0.37 0.16 0.21 0.15Gros Michel IIα 5 0.32 0.15 0.20 0.09Mutika/Lujugira Vε 25 0.30 0.30 0.14 0.08Ambon IIα 1 0.31 0.22 0.23 0.15Rio IIα 1 0.29 0.20 0.22 0.10Orotava IIα 5 0.26 0.22 0.19 0.10Red IIα 7 0.23 0.17 0.17 0.12Ibota IIα 8 0.17 0.19 0.25 0.13

AAB Iholena Vφ 5 0.42 0.16 0.14 0.08Popoulou/Maia Maoli Vφ 7 0.39 0.15 0.12 0.07Plantain Vφ 79 0.31 0.16 0.12 0.07Laknao Vφ 5 0.29 0.22 0.14 0.09Nendra Padaththi IIα 2 0.29 0.21 0.16 0.12Nadan IIα 2 0.28 0.21 0.15 0.11Pome/Prata IIα 6 0.29 0.17 0.16 0.10P. Rajah VIIIα 1 0.23 0.11 0.15 0.11Mysore IIα 1 0.14 0.21 0.19 0.12Silk IIδ 5 0.11 0.14 0.18 0.10

ABB Ney Mannan IIι 4 0.41 0.16 0.17 0.10Saba IIι 1 0.40 0.19 0.14 0.10Bluggoe IIι 6 0.38 0.16 0.14 0.11Monthan - 2 0.36 0.15 0.14 0.10Peyan VIIIι 2 0.22 0.12 0.12 0.08P. Awak VIIIι 5 0.16 0.08 0.16 0.08Pelipita Vι 1 0.14 0.10 0.06 0.06

NN

2N

2N2N

Parenté diplo : N + N(tolérance δ = 1 pb)

groupe Banksii dérivés

groupe Figue sucrée

groupe Jari Buaya

inter-groupes ‘Khai x ‘banksii

2N H% N1 H% S1 N2 H% S2 S RSAdina 52 Niyarma Yik 63 0.68 Tainga 50 0.95 1.00 5.6Adina 52 Niyarma Yik 63 0.67 Gwanhour 55 0.94 1.00 5.9Udiwasi 32 Aivip 36 0.76 Spiral 33 0.90 1.00 10.5Udiwasi 32 Kasaska 41 0.71 Spiral 33 0.90 1.00 10.5Somani 43 Bega 45 0.95 Maleb 43 0.89 1.00 5.6Gebi 80 Galeo 68 0.94 Padri 82 0.89 1.00 5.9Somani 43 Katual #2 42 0.72 Maleb 43 0.89 1.00 12.5Somani 43 Bega 45 0.95 Sepi 30 0.84 1.00 5.6Somani 43 Bega 45 0.94 Papat 48 0.83 1.00 5.9Adina 52 Tainga 50 0.95 S.F. 248 68 0.74 1.00 5.6Aivip 36 Kasaska 41 0.86 Udiwasi 32 0.73 0.95 10.5Udiwasi 32 Spiral 33 0.90 Te'engi 41 0.76 0.95 5.3Somani 43 Maleb 43 0.86 Navaradam 43 0.71 0.95 11.1Adina 52 Igua 52 0.60 Gwanhour 55 0.90 0.95 5.6Gebi 80 Japaraka 2 81 0.85 Galeo 68 0.90 0.95 5.6

Niyarma Yik 63 Dibit 57 0.50 ''Gwanhour 55 0.56 0.89 60.0Niyarma Yik 63 Igua 52 0.58 'Kokopo 57 0.58 0.89 54.5'Kokopo 57 Niyarma Yik 63 0.58 'Aivip 36 0.37 0.89 54.5'Kokopo 57 Niyarma Yik 63 0.58 'Kasaska 41 0.37 0.89 54.5NBA 14 / SF 2 68 Igua 52 0.42 'Kokopo 57 0.53 0.84 60.0

2N H% N1 H% S1 N2 H% S2 S RS'Gebi 80 Sa 65 0.278 'Te'engi 41 0.222 0.94 240'Gebi 80 Sa 65 0.278 'Kasaska 41 0.278 0.89 220'Gebi 80 Sa 65 0.278 'Navaradam 43 0.278 0.89 220'Gebi 80 Khai Nai On 65 0.333 'Kasaska 41 0.333 0.94 183'Gebi 80 Khai Nai On 65 0.333 'Te'engi 41 0.222 0.94 183'Gebi 80 Khai Nai On 65 0.333 'Vudu Beo 59 0.333 0.94 183'Gebi 80 Sa 65 0.278 'Vudu Beo 59 0.333 0.94 183'Gebi 80 Khai Nai On 65 0.333 'Kokopo 57 0.333 0.89 167'Gebi 80 Khai Nai On 65 0.333 'Navaradam 43 0.278 0.89 167'Gebi 80 Sa 65 0.278 'Aivip 36 0.333 0.89 167'Gebi 80 Khai Nai On 65 0.333 'Aivip 36 0.389 0.94 143

Mai'a hapai 52 Mossmum 45 0.89 P. Berlin 75 0.63 0.95 5.9Mai'a hapai 52 Kirun 62 0.85 Mossmum 45 0.90 0.95 5.6Mai'a hapai 52 Datil 76 0.83 Pa (Patthalon 68 0.44 0.94 13.3Yenai 55 Datil 76 0.83 Pa (Patthalon 68 0.44 0.94 13.3Yenai 55 Datil 76 0.81 Mossmum 45 0.86 0.90 5.6Yenai 55 Kirun 62 0.81 Mossmum 45 0.86 0.90 5.6Mai'a hapai 52 Datil 76 0.79 No 110 62 0.42 0.89 13.3No 110 62 N° 110/Tha 52 52 0.72 Pa (Patthalon 68 0.94 1.00 5.9

P. Gigi buaya 81 Gabah Gabah 76 0.95 Morong princ 86 0.95 1.00 5.6Saing todloh 82 Gabah Gabah 76 0.85 Morong princ 86 0.90 0.95 5.6

inter-groupes ‘Figue x ‘Khai

Kokor 60 'Hung Tu 48 0.444 Schizocarpa 29 0.333 0.83 87.5

inter-espèces acuminata x schizocarpa

''P. Berlin 75 'Yenai 55 0.389 Tjau lagada 84 0.333 0.89 129''P. Berlin 75 Kirun 62 0.444 Tjau lagada 84 0.333 0.89 100''P. Berlin 75 'Mai'a hapai 52 0.44 Tjau lagada 84 0.333 0.89 100''P. Berlin 75 Mossmum 45 0.39 Tjau lagada 84 0.333 0.83 114

Sa 65 Gu Nin Chiao 67 0.37 ''Manang 71 0.58 0.79 36.4

groupe KhaiColatina Ouro 65 Akondro Maint 62 0.42 Kirun 62 0.42 0.79 87.5

Gebi = Te’engi x Khai Nai On / Sa ( V α = V φ x II α )

ou en réorganisant les allèles selon les parents :

Parenté diplo : N + N

Khai Nai On 124 170 273 286 999 178 289 165 258 119 254 168 270 999 241 257 403 176 252 210 266 162120 170 261 286 999 176 284 161 258 115 235 162 250 999 235 257 403 168 250 210 252 162

Sa 124 170 273 286 331 178 999 165 258 119 254 168 270 999 241 257 403 176 252 210 266 168120 170 261 286 329 176 999 161 258 119 235 162 250 999 235 257 403 168 249 210 252 162

C03 C07 C08 C13 C39 C40 C45 C152 C195 C214 1_32 3_90 M01 M24 M27 M150 M164 M196 M231 M260 M264 M307Gebi 122 170 273 286 335 180 289 165 298 123 247 166 270 281 235 257 999 180 250 210 999 164

120 158 261 286 329 178 284 158 258 119 235 162 266 247 235 257 999 168 242 210 999 162Khai Nai On 124 170 273 286 331 178 289 165 258 119 254 168 270 999 241 257 403 176 252 210 266 162

sa 120 170 261 286 329 176 284 161 258 115 235 162 250 999 235 257 403 168 250 210 252 162Te'engi 122 158 261 286 361 196 284 158 298 123 247 168 266 247 243 264 407 180 244 210 266 164

122 158 261 286 335 180 284 158 294 123 247 162 256 247 235 257 407 180 242 210 258 164

Gebi 120 170 273 286 329 178 289 165 258 119 235 166 270 281 235 257 999 168 250 210 999 162122 158 261 286 335 180 284 158 298 123 247 162 266 247 235 257 999 180 242 210 999 164

Khai Nai On 120 170 273 286 329 178 289 165 258 119 235 162 270 999 235 257 403 168 250 210 266 162Sa 124 170 261 286 331 176 284 161 258 115 254 168 250 999 241 257 403 176 252 210 252 162

Te'engi 122 158 261 286 335 180 284 158 298 123 247 162 266 247 235 257 407 180 242 210 266 164122 158 261 286 361 196 284 158 294 123 247 168 256 247 243 264 407 180 244 210 258 164

Parenté triplo : 2N + N

distribution de S sous un modèle nul sans parentépermutation aléatoire des lignes par locus sur données triplo

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

0.30

0.05 0.

1

0.15 0.

2

0.25 0.

3

0.35 0.

4

0.45 0.

5

0.55 0.

6

0.65 0.

7

0.75 0.

8

0.85 0.

9

0.95

N2N

3N

2N

AAA PNG AAB PNG (aucun allèle caractéristique de B)

(en italiques : tolérance = 2)

Vα

IIφ

Vα (m) Vφ

Vα

(p) Vα

Vα

(m) IIφ (p) Vφ

Parenté triplo : 2N + N

3x

2x

x

C03 C07 C08 C13 C39 C40 C45 C152 C195 C214 1_32 3_90 M01 M24 M27 M150 M164 M196 M231 M260 M264 M307Mise'ehina 124 170 273 286 335 180 289 165 298 123 251 166 270 281 241 257 403 180 250 210 266 164

122 158 261 286 329 178 284 158 258 123 247 162 266 247 235 257 403 168 242 210 260 162120 ? ? 286 ? ? ? ? ? 123 235 ? ? ? ? 257 403 ? ? 210 251 ?

Pitu 122 158 273 999 335 180 289 165 298 123 247 166 270 281 235 257 999 180 250 210 999 999120 158 261 999 329 178 284 165 258 123 235 162 266 247 235 257 999 168 242 210 999 999

Yendisi 124 170 261 286 335 180 284 158 258 123 251 162 266 247 245 257 999 180 242 210 264 164122 158 261 286 331 178 284 158 296 123 235 168 250 253 245 257 999 180 252 210 264 164

2N NMise'ehina 0.94 Pitu Yendisi

faux Madang BebekGebi Bie YengGaleo To'oJaparaka no.2 S.F. 265Awondaeke Akondro Mainty

Medja 0.85 Beram PituUndu jamau Gebi

GaleoJaparaka no.2P.Gigi buaya (0.8)

Pagatau 0.73 Mala Vudu BeoKumburgh Kenar

MamakilaPalang 0.89 Galeo Papat

(Maleb)(Somani)

2N NWandia 0.84 Mala NBA 14 / SF 215

Kumburgh Niyarma YikBagulAdinaAkondro (0.85)

Kanim 0.73 Mala Te'engiYapu YapuTamai

ROSE / IDN 110

Akondro Mainty

Banksii ITC0879

Bebek

Beram

Bie Yeng

BuitenzorgCici (Bresil)

Colatina Ouro

Datil

Dibit

En 13

Fu Des

Gabah Gabah

GarungaGobusik

Gu Nin Chiao

Hawain 2

Higa B5

Hom

IDN 077

Igua

Inori

ITC 241

Katual #2

Khai Nai On

Kirun

Kumburgh

Kungor

Mai'a Oa

Mala

Meleng

Microcarpa

Mjenga

Monyet

N° 110/Tha 52

NBA 14 / SF 215

Niyarma Yik

Nzumoheli I

Onato

Pa Musore n°3Pa Musore n°2

Pa Rayong

Pa Songkhla

Pahang

Paika

Paka

P. Bangkahulu

P. Cici Alas

P. Jaran

P. Jari Buaya (Idn)

P. MaduP. Oli

P. Pipit

P. Rojo Uter P. Segun

P. Tongat

Sa

Selangor

SN2

Sowmuk

Ta

Tha 018Thong Det

To'o

Waigu

Adina

AgulAivipAvalira

Awondaeke

Bagul

ITC0619ITC0806Bega

Bogia Mun

Bud

Gebi

Gilasalasa

Gorop

Hawain 3Hawain 2 Hung TuIvi Ivi

Japaraka no.2

Kasaska

Katual Vunalir

Kekiau

Kenar

Kokopo

Kuspaka

Kwaro

Kwosriake

Loibwa

Mah

Mai'a hapai

Maka

ITC0074

Maleb

Mamakila

Manameg Red

Mossmum

Mpiajhap ITC0885ITC0896

ITC0897Navaradam

Odwa

Papat

Papat Wung

P. Lilin

SenaSepiSihir SomaniSpiral

Tainga

Tapatuput

Te'engiUdiwasi

Vudu Beo

Yapu Yapu

Yenai

Yendisi

Trumay

Agutay

Too

Khae (Phrae), THA 015

No 110

S.F. 265

Long Tavoy

M. acuminata hy (302)

P. madu

Djum metek

Pa (Patthalong)

Tjau lagada

P. Jari Buaya/BS312

Undu jamau

P. Mas / Figue Sucrée

Gwanhour

Zebrina

Paka

P. buntal

Monjet

ITC0288 ("Selangor"????)

Uwati

Zebrina (maioa)

P. Berlin

false Madang

P. Gigi buaya

BS 393

Heva

S.F. 248

Morong princesa

Figue sucree (BS 107)

ITC0623

Zebrina G. F.

Borneo

GaleoPitu

P. tongat

Guyod (11-33)

Tuu gia

Saing todloh

Calcutta 4

Manang

P. Mulik

Malaccensis holotype

BS 252

Padri

Wh-O-Gu

Tamai

172 AA w + cvAAA PNG

Beram

Madang

Mala

Bagul

Hawain

Spiral

Vudu BeoKatual

Mlali

Buaya

ZebrinaMicrocarpa

SiameaBurma

Malaccencis

Pagatau

2N

N

Wandia2N

N

Mise’ehina

Medja 2N

N

N

2N

Palang2N

Kanim2N

N

N

Figue Khai

Akondro Mainty nb Smax Mjenga nb Smax Nzumoheli nb SmaxCavendish P. Madu 22 0.75 Gebi 12 0.70 Zebrina G. F. 14 0.7423/26* P. Pipit 18 0.79 P. Pipit 8 0.74 P. Pipit 1 0.68

Gebi 3 0.68 P. Madu 8 0.72P. Bangkahulu 1 0.68 P. Rojo Uter 7 0.72False Madang 1 0.72 IDN 077 4 0.74Zebrina G. F. 1 0.71 Zebrina G. F. 4 0.71Hom (siamea der.) 1 0.68 Khai Nai On 2 0.68Khai Nai On 1 0.68 Japaraka no.2(w) 1 0.68Sa 1 0.68IDN 077 1 0.68

Gros Michel Sa 5 0.79 Sa 3 0.74 Hom (siamea der.) 2 0.725/5 Khai Nai On 4 0.79 Dibit (banksii der.) 3 0.70 Sa 1 0.72

Dibit (banksii der.) 2 0.70 Khai Nai On 2 0.70Niyarma Yik (banksii der.) 2 0.68 Uwati 2 0.70False Madang 1 0.72 Hom (siamea der.) 1 0.68Gebi 1 0.70Uwati 1 0.70P. Bangkahulu 1 0.68

* 5 loci manquants pour les 3 absents

AAA Cavendish Gros Michel

(Bornéo)(Java)

(Thailande)

Raboin et al 2005Akondro Mainty SambaChicameSaKhai Nai OnFako FakoHom

SaKhai Nai OnFako FakoP. Rojo UterP. Bangkahulu

2N gamète

Hom Thong Gebi 0.78Mokho

(en italiques : tolérance = 2)

AAA Cavendish Gros Michel

haplotype "Cavendish"

AAA Cavendish

122 284 164 (9) 241 241 243 245 168 258- - - 235 - 235 243 - 251- - - ? - ? ? - ?| | | | | |

124 170 267 286 335 180 289 164 298 123 245 168 264 253 245 261 407 180 276 212 258 164Cavendish 122 158 261 286 331 178 284 158 298 119 235 162 258 247 243 257 401 168 250 212 250 162

? ? ? 286 ? 176 ? ? 298 ? ? 150 254 237 235 ? ? ? 242 212 ? ?C03 C07 C08 C13 C39 C40 C45 C152 C195 C214 1_32 3_90 M01 M24 M27 M150 M164 M196 M231 M260 M264 M307124 170 267 286 335 180 289 164 298 123 245 168 270 253 243 261 401 180 276 212 266 164

Gros Michel 122 158 261 286 329 178 284 164 258 119 235 150 258 247 243 257 401 176 252 212 258 162? ? ? 286 ? 176 ? 164 ? ? ? ? 254 ? ? ? 401 ? 242 212 ? ?

| | |164 243 245 258158 235 243 256? (2) ? ? ?

122 284 164 (9) 241 241 243 245 168 258- - - 235 - 235 243 - 251- - - ? - ? ? - ?| | | | | |

Cavendish 124 170 267 286 335 180 289 164 298 123 245 168 264 253 245 261 407 180 276 212 258 164122 158 261 286 331 178 284 158 298 119 235 162 258 247 243 257 401 168 250 212 250 162? ? ? 286 ? 176 ? ? 298 ? ? 150 254 237 235 ? ? ? 242 212 ? ?

Akondro 124 170 267 286 335 180 289 164 298 123 245 168 258 253 241 261 401 180 278 210 258 164 19/22Mainty 122 158 261 286 335 178 284 164 298 119 245 150 254 247 241 257 401 180 242 206 258 164P. Pipit 124 172 276 286 349 178 289 167 258 128 254 999 264 999 243 257 407 168 270 212 264 162 18/20

120 170 261 286 341 176 284 164 258 119 235 999 250 999 235 257 407 168 242 208 250 160

Cavendish 124 170 267 286 335 180 289 164 298 123 245 168 264 253 245 261 407 180 276 212 258 164122 158 261 286 331 178 284 164 298 119 235 162 258 247 243 257 401 168 250 212 250 162? ? ? 286 ? 176 ? 164 298 ? ? 150 254 237 235 ? ? ? 242 212 ? ?

Akondro 124 170 267 286 335 180 289 164 298 123 245 168 258 253 241 261 401 180 278 210 258 164 19/22Mainty 122 158 261 286 335 178 284 164 298 119 245 150 254 247 241 257 401 180 242 206 258 164P. Madu 124 178 267 270 337 176 284 161 258 119 235 166 264 999 237 261 407 174 248 212 250 162 18/21

124 170 261 270 331 176 277 161 258 119 232 162 238 999 235 257 407 168 242 206 238 162

P. Pipit 120 172 276 286 349 178 289 167 258 128 254 999 250 999 243 257 407 168 270 208 264 160124 170 261 286 341 176 284 164 258 119 235 999 264 999 235 257 407 168 242 212 250 162

| | |P. Madu 124 170 261 270 331 176 284 161 258 119 235 162 264 999 235 257 407 168 242 212 250 162

124 178 267 270 337 176 277 161 258 119 232 166 238 999 237 261 407 174 248 206 238 162

124 170 261 286 331 176 284 164 258 119 235 162 264 237 235 257 407 168 242 212 250 162

AAA Gros MichelKhai Nai On 124 170 273 286 999 178 289 165 258 119 254 168 270 999 241 257 403 176 252 210 266 162

120 170 261 286 999 176 284 161 258 115 235 162 250 999 235 257 403 168 250 210 252 162Sa 124 170 273 286 331 178 999 165 258 119 254 168 270 999 241 257 403 176 252 210 266 168

120 170 261 286 329 176 999 161 258 119 235 162 250 999 235 257 403 168 249 210 252 162

124 170 261 286 329 176 284 164 258 119 235 168 270 253 235 257 401 176 252 212 266 162289 247

haplotype "Gros Michel"de Khai / Sa

haplotype "Cavendish"

124 170 261 286 329 176 284 164 258 119 235 168 270 253 235 257 401 176 252 212 266 162289 247

haplotype "Gros Michel"

124 170 261 286 331 176 284 164 258 119 235 162 264 237 235 257 407 168 242 212 250 162

(2) 164 243 245 258158 235 243 256? ? ? ?| | |

Gros Michel 124 170 267 286 335 180 289 164 298 123 245 168 270 253 243 261 401 180 276 212 266 164122 158 261 286 329 178 284 164 258 119 235 150 258 247 243 257 401 176 252 212 258 162? ? ? 286 ? 176 ? 164 ? ? ? ? 254 ? 243 ? 401 ? 242 212 ? ?

Akondro 124 170 267 286 335 180 289 164 298 123 245 168 258 253 241 261 401 180 278 210 258 164 19/22Mainty 122 158 261 286 335 178 284 164 298 119 245 150 254 247 241 257 401 180 242 206 258 164

Khai Nai On 124 170 273 286 331 178 289 165 258 119 254 168 270 999 241 257 403 176 252 210 266 162 17/21/ Sa 120 170 261 286 329 176 284 161 258 115 235 162 250 999 235 257 403 168 250 210 252 162

AAB Pome / Prata (II α)

Akondro Mainty S Mjenga S Nzumoheli SPome BBtype 3/Lal Velchi 0.71 ABcv/Kunnan 0.70

ABcv/Kunnan 0.70Wahla ABcv/Kunnan 0.89 ABcv/Kunnan 0.78Prata Ana ABcv/Kunnan 0.71 ABcv/Kunnan 0.86 ABcv/Kunnan 0.84

Figue Pomme(Ekona) 0.79Foconah ABcv/Kunnan 0.86 ABcv/Kunnan 0.84

Figue Pomme(Ekona) 0.79 ABcv/Kunnan 0.84Improved ABcv/Kunnan 0.81 Figue Pomme(Ekona) 0.84Lady Finger BBtype 3/Lal Velchi 0.80Lady Finger ABcv/Kunnan 0.81 ABcv/Kunnan 0.84

P. Rajah Kungor 0.83Uwati 0.83Djum metek 0.79

(en italiques : tolérance = 2)

276 225 212249 210 212

- - 212| |

C03 C07 C08 C13 C39 C40 C45 C152 C195 C214 1_32 3_90 M01 M24 M27 M150 M164 M196 M231 M260 M264 M307Pome 124 170 267 290 357 180 289 182 298 125 245 168 290 253 245 261 401 180 276 225 258 168

122 166 261 286 335 178 284 164 298 123 239 152 258 247 243 257 298 177 252 210 242 164121 158 ? ? ? ? 274 ? 298 119 ? ? 254 241 ? ? ? ? 242 ? ? ?

Akondro 124 170 267 286 335 180 289 164 298 123 245 168 258 253 241 261 401 180 278 210 258 164Mainty 122 158 261 286 335 178 284 164 298 119 245 150 254 247 241 257 401 180 242 206 258 164

Lal Velchi 121 166 261 290 357 180 274 182 296 125 239 152 290 241 235 261 298 177 249 212 242 168121 166 255 282 357 180 274 173 296 123 239 152 310 243 235 257 313 182 249 212 242 168

kunan 121 166 267 286 335 178 274 182 298 125 239 999 290 241 243 257 298 177 249 210 242 168124 170 264 286 355 178 284 158 298 125 254 999 254 257 241 257 403 168 242 206 242 162

Published by AAAS

J. Diamond et al., Science 300, 597 -603 (2003)

Fig. 2. Language families of the Old World and their suggested expansions