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Physiopathologie des infections osseuses chroniques (biofilm, persistance intra-cellulaire) JP Bru Maladies Infectieuses Centre Hospitalier Annecy Genevois

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Page 1: Conf 1 - IOA Physiopath DESC jpb 20 09 18 · 2018-10-09 · Title: Microsoft PowerPoint - Conf 1 - IOA Physiopath DESC jpb 20 09 18.pptx Author: Admin Created Date: 10/9/2018 2:49:28

Physiopathologie des infections osseuses chroniques(biofilm, persistance intra-cellulaire)

JP BruMaladies Infectieuses

Centre Hospitalier Annecy Genevois

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Bactérie

Os / matériel HôteRéponse immune

InoculationInfection aiguëDestruction osseusePersistance bactérienne

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InoculationInfection aiguëDestruction osseusePersistance bactérienne

Comportement bactérien

Conséquences pour infections osseuses / sur matériel

(évolutives et thérapeutiques)

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1/ Adhérence etorganisations bactériennes

2/ Variants microcolonies

3/ Persistance intra cellulaire

Microcolonies formant biofilm identifiées :• 3.3–3.4 milliard d’années South African Kornberg formation• 3.2-milliard d’années deep-sea hydrothermal rocks of the Pilbara Craton, Australia

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Adhérence

Cécile Berne NATURE Reviews | Microobiologyvolume 16 | OCTOBER 2018 | 617

Gristina AG: Science 237:1588-1595, 1987

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Adhérence

Cécile BerneNATURE Reviews | Microobiologyvolume 16 | OCTOBER 2018 | 617

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Adhérence & organisation bactérienne

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Interaction hydrophobiqueForces électrostatiquesForces de Van der Wals

Fibrinogènefacteur de WillbrandPlaquettes prothrombine

Adhérence & organisation bactérienne

European cells & Materials Vol 8 2004 p 37-57

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Formation du biofilm

European cells & Materials Vol 8 2004 p 37-57

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Formation du biofilm

European cells & Materials Vol 8 2004 p 37-57

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polysaccharide intercellular adhesion (PIA) exopolysaccharide,proteins such as accumulation-associated protein (Aap)extracellular matrix binding protein (Embp),teichoic acids, extracellular DNA (eDNA).Channels in the biofilm are formed by Phenol-soluble modulins (PSMs),

Matrice du biofilm

Front. Microbiol. February 2018 | Volume 9 | Article 359

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Nature reviews microbiology 2004

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• Apporte un environnement stable pour la pousse bactérienne • Favorise les échanges entre bactéries• Stabilise la colonie bactérienne à la surface du substrat

Biofilm rôle

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D’après Keith Kasnot, Scientific American 2001

Résistance auxagressions physicochimique

Micro colonies - BiofilmCommunauté bactérienne

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• Apporte un environnement stable pour la pousse bactérienne • Favorise les échanges entre bactéries• Stabilise la colonie bactérienne à la surface du substrat• Protège d’une grande variété d’agressions possibles:

• Exposition aux UV• toxicité du métal • exposition acide • Déshydratation• substances toxiques

Biofilm rôle

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D’après Keith Kasnot, Scientific American 2001

Résistance auxagressions physicochimique

Protection contre les mécanismes de l’immunité

Micro colonies - BiofilmCommunauté bactérienne

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Front. Microbiol. February 2018 | Volume 9 | Article 359

Biofilm et immunologie

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D’après Keith Kasnot, Scientific American 2001

Résistance auxagressions physicochimique

Modifications ducomportement bactérien

Protection contre les mécanismes de l’immunité

Micro colonies - BiofilmCommunauté bactérienne

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Biofilm modification du comportement bactérien. Phase stationnaire de croissance

Ralentissement métabolique

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A. F. Widmer, The Journal of Infectious Diseases 1990;162:96-102

Biofilm modification du comportement bactérien. Phase stationnaire de croissance

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A. F. Widmer, The Journal of Infectious Diseases 1990;162:96-102

Staphylococcus epidermidis B3972 Producteur de Slime.

CroissanceLogarith-mique

Croissancestationnaire

ATBContrôle

ATBContrôle

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Nature /scientific report2016 DOI: 10.1038/srep29707

Biofilm modification du comportement bactérien. Phase stationnaire de croissance

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Infection de matériel étranger Efficacité des antibiotiques. Modèles animaux

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Efficacy of Daptomycin inImplant-Associated Infection Due to Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcusaureus : Importance of Combination with Rifampicin

Antimicrob. Agents Chemother,July 2009, p. 2719–2724

*P 0.05; **P 0.01; ***P 0.001.

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Infections de Prothèsesarticulaires à S. aureus.Efficacité selon les ATB

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E Senneville Clinical Infectious Diseases 2011;53(4):334–340

Infections de Prothèses articulaires à S. aureus. Efficacité selon les ATB

Rifamp - Fluoroquinolone

Autres antibiotiques

p.003

98 Pts

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Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery oct 2017 doi10.1007/s00402-018-2886-0

ATB actif dans biofilm

Pas d’ ATB actif dans biofilm

Infections de Prothèses articulaires. Efficacité selon les ATB

163 Pts

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Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery oct 2017 doi10.1007/s00402-018-2886-0

Infections de Prothèses articulaires. Efficacité selon les ATB

ATB actif dans biofilmPas d’ ATB actifdans biofilm

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1/ Adhérence etorganisations bactériennes

2/ Variants microcolonies

3/ Persistance intra cellulaire

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Small Colony Variants

Nat Rev Microbiol 2006(4)295

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Small Colony Variants

Nat Rev Microbiol 2006(4)295

Déficit en transport d’électronAltération de synthèse de medianone& hémine

Déficit en biosynthèse de thymidine

Phénomène d’adaptation auxotrophique

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Small Colony Variants

Nat Rev Microbiol 2006(4)295

S. Aureus normalSCV SCV

Modifications phénotypiques

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Small Colony Variants

Nat Rev Microbiol 2006(4)295

Petites colonies

Pousse lente

Activité oxydatives / métaboliques

Capacités d’adhérence

Production de certains facteurs de virulence

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Small Colony Variants

Sendi Clinical Infectious Diseases 2006;43:961–7

Petites coloniesPousse lenteActivité oxydatives / métaboliquesCapacités d’adhérenceProduction de certains facteurde virulence

fibroblastes

SCVFacilitation de la persistance intracellulaire

Uprégulation des gènes de persistance

Uprégulation des gène de formation du biofilm

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Small Colony VariantsPetites coloniesPousse lenteActivité oxydatives / métaboliquesCapacités d’adhérenceProduction de certains facteurde virulence

Uprégulation des gènes de persistance

Uprégulation des gène de formation du biofilm

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Small Colony Variants

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Small Colony Variants relation avec les antibiotiques

Résistance par mécanisme spécifique décrite pour fluoroquinolones, aminosides, Co trimoxazole

Induction de formation de SCV par exposition àCo-trimoxazole, fluoroquinolone

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Small Colony Variants Sensibilité AntibiotiquesClinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Prosthetic Joint Infection Caused by Small Colony Variant Staphylococci

Tande et al Mbio 2014

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Small Colony Variants Sensibilité Antibiotiques

10 souches S.aureus Paires de SCV & souche parentAAC2018 62 Issue 4

cc

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Small Colony Variants Sensibilité Antibiotiques

10 souches S.aureuscPaires de SCVc& souche parentAAC2018 62 Issue 4

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Small Colony Variants conséquences IOA

Tande et al Mbio 2014

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Tande et al Mbio 2014

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Tande et al Mbio 2014

P 0.51

Remplacement prothétique en 2 temps 100 % des patients

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Small Colony Variants : bactéries pour lesquelles des phénotypes SCV ont été décrits

Staphylococcus aureusStaphylococcus coagulase négativePseudomonas aeruginosaE. coli,N. GonorrhoeaeS. Typhimurium ShigellaProteus sp., Klebsiella pneumoniae, Providencia stuartii, Enterobacter cloacae, S. marcescens, Citrobacter freundii

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1/ Adhérence etorganisations bactériennes

2/ Variants microcolonies

3/ Persistance intra cellulaire

Microcolonies formant biofilm identifiées :• 3.3–3.4 milliard d’années South African Kornberg formation• 3.2-milliard d’années deep-sea hydrothermal rocks of the Pilbara Craton, Australia

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Persistance intracellulaire

Internalisation dans les cellules non phagocytaires

Persistance intracellulaire

Échappement du compartiment intra cellulaire

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Persistance intracellulaire

Internalisation dans les cellules non phagocytaires

FibroblastesCellules endothélialesOstéoblasteskératinocytes

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection MicrobiologyApril 2012 | Volume 2 | Article 43 | 1

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Persistance intracellulaire

Frontiers in MicrobiologyJuly 2017Volume 8 | Article 1354

C vivantes

C mortes

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Persistance intracellulaire

Frontiers in Microbiology July 2017 Volume 8 | Article 1354

SCV

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Persistance intracellulaire

Frontiers in Microbiology July 2017 Volume 8 | Article 1354

Échappement du compartimentintra cellulaire

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Persistance intracellulaire

Rat boneInoculation 106 osteoblasts infectedwith 106 CFU intra- cellular S. aureus

Day 21

106 CFU/mL

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Persistance intracellulaire Antibiotiques actifs

F. Valour Antimicrob Agents Chemother 201559:2029 –2036.

Antimicrobial Activity against Intraosteoblastic Staphylococcus aureus

Inoculum intraostéoblastique

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1/ Adhérence etorganisations bactériennes

2/ Variants microcolonies

3/ Persistance intra cellulaire

Merci de votre attention