condensed matter nuclear science (cold fusion) jean-paul biberian maître de conférence, faculté...

Condensed Matter Nuclear Science

(Cold Fusion)

Jean-Paul Biberian

Maître de Conférence, Faculté des Sciences de Luminy,

CNRS / CRMC-N / Université d’Aix-Marseille II

Tél: + 33 660 14 04 85

Email: [email protected]

Budapest November 15, 2006 2

Overview

A brief history of Cold Fusion The original Pons & Fleischmann experiment Excess Heat Helium detection Particles Transmutation Theory Conferences Laboratories Conclusion

Brief history of Cold Fusion Discovered by Professors Stan Pons and Martin Fleischman in 1989. Announced at a press conference on March 23, 1989. Immediately after the scientific community split in two: a large majority disbelieved the reality of Cold Fusion, and a small minority either believed in the results, or managed to duplicate the results.

The original Pons & Fleishmann experiment

CRMC-N 29 janvier 2004 5

Experimental set up

LiOD

Silver coating

Thermistor

cathode

anode

Constant temperature bath


Experimental set up


Reactions

D + D T + p 4.0 MeV 50%

D + D He-3 + n 3.3 MeV 50%

D + D He-4 + gamma 24 MeV 10-7


Miracles

1- The Coulomb barrier

2- No neutrons (where is the dead graduate student?)

3- No gamma rays

Excess Heat measurements


Double cathode : Arata


Experimental set up : Arata


Excess Heat D2O vs H2O : Arata


Co-deposition Pd/D : Miles et al.


Co-deposition Pd/D : Biberian

Dewar

Palladium

Platinum

Thermistor in

Thermistor out

100 ml/min distilled water at constant temperature

Pump


Experiments with D2O- Pout vs time

-1.0

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

1 25 49 73 97 121 145 169 193 217 241 265 289 313 337 361 385 409 433 457 481 505

Pin D2O Pout D2O


Experiments with H2O- Pout vs time

-1.0

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

1 25 49 73 97 121 145 169 193 217 241 265 289 313 337 361 385 409 433 457 481 505

Pin H2O Pout H2O


Comparison D2O/H2O

Pin-Pout

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0

D2O

H2O


Energy produced

•Total energy produced, without correction for heat conduction losses: 0.33 MJ

•Assuming 100 kJ/mole : 3.3 moles

•Palladium electrode :1g, i.e. : 0.01 mole

•If D+D He-4 :2.1017 atoms He-4 produced in 21 days, 4.4 107 seconds, 4.5 109 He-4/sec.


Gold layer on palladium : Biberian

Pd recouvert d'or

0

0.04

0.08

0.12

0.16

0.2

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

Jours

DIC

(W

)

days

Gold plated Pd

XSH

(W

)


Laser stimulation : Letts-Cravens

DGL565b24

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

1 53 105 157 209 261 313 365 417 469 521

Time(min)

Exc

ess

Pw

r(m

w)

Excess Pwr(mw)

Laser on

Laser Polar. change

Particles detection Helium Tritium Neutrons Protons X-rays


Arata : Helium-4


Claytor : Tritium


Experimental set up : Jones


Jones : Neutrons


Experimental set up : Violante

Anode

Electric contact

Metallic thin film (400 A)Plastic support

Electrolyte

Ge Detector

Lead shield

Anode

Electric contact

Metallic thin film (400 A)Plastic support

Electrolyte

Ge Detector

Lead shield


X rays : Violante

Transmutation


Transmutations : Iwamura


Experimental set up : Iwamura


Cs Pr : Iwamura


Sr Mo : Iwamura


Anomalous Mo : Iwamura


Transmutation reactions : Iwamura

Sr + 4 D Mo Cs + 4 D Pr

88

38

2

1

96

42133

55

2

1

141

59


Anomalous Copper : Violante


Theories

Phonon interaction. Plasmon interaction Bose Einstein type condensation. Electron screening. Hydrinos, Hydrex. Neutrinos.


Conditions for CMNS

High loading of deuterium in metals: palladium, titanium…. Metals must have an appropriate metallurgical structure: grain

size, thin film… Dynamic state through pressure change, current variations, laser

stimulation…


Conferences

ICCFs: ICCF10, in Boston in August 2003, ICCF11 in Marseilles, October 31- November 5, 2004.

Italy regular meetings in Asti. Next one in March 2004. Russia: a meeting every year. Japan : A « Cold Fusion » Society has been created.


Journals and Web sites

•www.Lenr-canr.org : with 250 000 downloads in a year

•www.cmns.org : New electronic journal with referees


Laboratories working in the field of CMNS

USA: MIT, SRI International, University of Illinois, Naval Research Laboratory,Portland State University, National Institute of Standard and Technology, Space and Naval Warfare Center San Diego, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Brigham Young University, Northwestern University

Russia: 29 laboratories Japan: Tokyo University,Osaka University, Mitsubishi Heavy

Industries,Yokohama National University, Hokkaido University, Kobe University, Iwate State University, Sapporo University, Hanazono University, Nippon Bunri University

China: Tsinghua University, Southwestern Institute of Physics, Sichuan University, China Institute of Atomic Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences

France: Marseilles University, CNAM (Paris), EDF. Italy: ENEA, INFN, Pirelli labs, University of Catania, University of

Rome, University of Lecce.

Conclusion Condensed Matter Nuclear Science is a genuine scientific field. Hydrogen isotopes are involved, mostly at high loading. Excess heat has been measured by numerous laboratories with very different techniques therefore this excludes artefacts. Nuclear ashes have been detected: helium, neutron, gammas, X-rays, transmutation. The mechanism is not the high energy two particles reaction. Theories exist that are compatible with present quantum mechanics. Lot more work need to be done to understand the science and develop technologies.

condensed matter nuclear science (cold fusion) jean-paul biberian maître de conférence, faculté...

Documents