INDEX.

Page.Aberdeen Paoking Company 16,103A.bramis brama . •. . 545Absorption System used in Freezing Fish............ 375Acetato of Alumina used in Preserving Fish. " 562Acbirus fasciatus '"•... 187Acipenser brevirostris .. '" 181, 543

guldenstiidtii 545huso 545rubloundus 502, 542ruthenus , 545aoaphirhynchua .. . .. . .• . . 542stellatua , , .. . . •••. . .. . .. 545sturlo . .. 181, 502, 542transmontanus................. 542

Afognak Island....................................... 163Alaska Commercial Company. ...... .. .. . 144

Fur Trading Company....... .. . .. 144Herring " .. . 123Improvement Company 17,149,176Packers' Association 3,4,19,20,21,157Packing Association....... .. . .. 19

and Fur Company.................... 17Company 16,141,173

Salmon and Salmon Fisheries 1-178Canneries, Establishment of 16-21Charts................................. 48Laws 38-42

'I'Ide-pool Fishes from 189-192Albaoore Dry.salted.................................. 416Albatross, Fish Commission Steamer. Operations for

Year ending June 30, 1898 1-178Fisbing and Collecting; by •.•...•.•...••... 15-48

Aleuteres berardi ...... ...... ...... .. ....... .. .. .. •.. . 275Aleutian Islands Fishing and Mining Company.••••• 17,149Alewife 183,184Alewives Brine-salted :........................... 450

Smoked 489Alexander, A. B 2, 3, 455Algonek Slough..... .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. . 132Alitak Bay , . .. . .• . . . 157Alosa sapidissima " . . . . 184Alsek River............ 129Alum and Saltpeter used in Preserving Fish... 561Alutera guntherfana 275,278

monoceros 273,275punctata 274sohmpftL ;..... 274

Aluteres monoceros..... 276Aluteria cinerea. 276Aluterus anginosus.. 278Amber·ftsh Dry-aalted . , .••. 414AmblopliOOs rupeatrfs ••••• 185Amelurus catus ·· •• • .. ···.......... 181

natalie .. 181nebulosus . 181

Amerioan Carp.............................. 181Sardine Company. 533Solo 187

Page.Ammonia Freezers, Description of . ••. 374-377Ams, M..x 478.544-Anan, Bradfield Canal , , . 107AnchorageBay........................................ 166Anchovies, Christiania................................ 468

Swedish................................... 466Anchovy Paste 552Angel.ftsh 187Anguilla ohrysypa . .. . .. .• . . •.. 183Annette Island. .. .. .• . . • 66Anodonta .ngulata.............. 283

oaliforniensis.. . . . . .. . 282cygnea..................................... 284

Antiseptics. •. .. . .. 557Aphredoderus sayanus................ 185Apparatus and Methods of Mussel Fishing.......... 293AqnatioProducts Preserved Alive 339-357Arctio Fisblng Company. . . ••.•••. ...• •.• .•. 16, 142

Packing Company 16,17,157.160,173.175Argyrosomus arood!......................... 436Artifloial Freezing and Cold Storage..••.••.......•. 370-388

Means of Drying Fish 420-424asiatlo Carp. .. . . 182Astoria and Alaska Packing Company.. 17. 121Atwood.Jobn......................................... 402Australian Salt.. 562Ayakulik '" . . . .. ••. . 146Badger Bay.......... . .. . ...... .. •. .. 62Baird, Spenoer F., on Spring Mackerel Fisbery.. 210,2:16,239Balistes monoceros 274.275.278

sorlpta.... .•.••• 274.sorlptus...................................... 275

"Balyk" Prepared from Sturgeon 418Banded Piokerel 184Baranof Island... . .. . 121

Packing Company............................ 17Baronovich Fisbory................................... 87Barraouda Dry-salted 414,416Barrels for Pickled Fish..... .. . .. . .. 426

Herring 445,447Maokerel • .. • .. 435Mul1et............................ 458

"Barricades at Afognak , . .. 163in Salmon Streams. •• .• . .. 36

Bartlett Bay. .. . .. 124Paoking Company....................... 17

Bean, Barton A., and Hugh M. Smith, on Fishes ofDistrict of Columbia 179-187

Bean, TarletonH 144Bear Island................................... . 158Beobe de Mer, Drying " .. • .. . 418-420Bell. Robert 47,102Belouga, Caviar from Eggs of.. .. .. .. . 545Benzoin and Alum used in Preserving Fish. ••.•••••• 562'Bering Packing Company. •••. •••••••• •• .. ••.•••••••• . 176

Sea District 173-178PaokingCompany......................... 17

565

566 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES.

Page.Beuckels, or Beuckelzon, William........ 437Bioarbonate of Soda used in Preserving Fish......... 562Bielaya ryba.......................................... 5Billfish ....••. 185Binding Oyster-shells with Wire...................... 355Bisulphito of Lime used in Preserving Fish. . .•..••.•• 562Blook Bass.... .. .••••• •••••• .•..•• ••••.. .. ..••.••• 186

Brlne-aalting of 464Cold Storage of...................... 382

Blaokford, E. G., on Shipping ·Sbad..... 360SpringMackerel Fisbery. . . . . 207.

209,212, 235, 256Black Minnow................. 183Blaok-noaed Daoe 183Bloeding Codfisb for Drying. . .. 391

Fish before Ioing...... 359Bloater Herdng 485-488

ClIuned............................... 540Paste................................. 552Prepared in Great Britain .••...... :.. 487

Blob................................................... 187Blueback.Salmon...................................... 5

.. Mackerol.Canned , .. .. . 538Blue Cat .. ,........................................... 181Bluefish Brfne-salted '" . . . 464

Icing......................................... 363Preserved in Cold Storage 370.382

.. Bluepoint" Mussels........................... 291Blue-spotted Sunflah • . •. . .••••• .•. . .....•••. .•..•.. 185Boca de Quadra . . 62Boepple, J. F 288,303Bolargo :...................... 547Boleosoma effulgens................. 186

olmstedi . .• •••••• •• .•. ••. 186Boneless Codfisb...... 390

.Jn Australia 399.Preparation of 400-405

Sardines. .• 534Bonito Dry-salted 414,416Bony Fishes, Perfpberal Nervous System of 315-320BoraoicAoid 557,561

usedwith Codfisb....................... 403Borax used in Preserving Fish.... 561Borodine, Nioolas, on Froze» Fish Trade in Europe... 385Boston Fishing and Trading Co....................... 17Boulenger, G. A....................................... 273Boutelle, C. A., on Spring Mackerel Fishery......... 217,

218, 219, 220, 221Bowers, George M..................................... 328Branch Herdng....................................... 183Bream 182,186

Caviar made from Eggs of 515Brecktnrfdge, Clifton R., on Spring Mackerel Fishery. 203,

204, 205, 209, 210, 221, 224Breckinridge, W. P., on Spring Maokerel Fishery..... 221Brevoortia tyrannus 184.. Brtcks," Codfish packed in 403-405

HllJibut............ 490Bdne.salting Ale~ives or River Herring .........•. 450--453

Ill.uefish.................................. 464Channel-Bass.......... . . . . .. . 464Cod and Haddock 453-455Croakers...... . .. . . . . 464Development and Methods of ..•...••. 425--427Fish on the Great Lakes 461-464Halibut Fins............................ 464Herring 436-450

Page.Brine-saltdng Hogfisb ..:.............................. 464

MackereL 430--436Misoellaneous 464--467Mullet 457Perch 464Regulations Respecting 427--430Sahlatrdm Process of. '" 466Salmon in Alaska... .. .. 455

Scotland. . . 456Shad 458-460Sheepshead 464Spanish Maokerel 464Squetoague 464Striped Bass.......... 464Swordfish. . . 460

(Also see Pickltug.)Bristol Bay Canning Co 16,173.. Broiled" Mackerel....... .. . . . .• . 520BrookMinnow........................................ 183

Suoker 181Trout 184

"Brook Trout "Canned, Prepared from Herring 511,538Brosmius broame 390"Bnckhorn" Mussels................ 291Buckling.............................................. 487Bullhead 181,187Bumpus, H. C . . .. . . . 273

on the Reappearance of the Tilefish .. 321-333Burroughs Bay........................................ 100Butter-fleh Smoked. .. .. . . 506."Butterfiy" Mussels.......... 291Butterworth, Benjamin. on Spring Mackerel Fishery 214,215Buttles, H. W· 554Buttcn-makiug Machinery............................ 305

Mussels utilized in......... 289Calico Bass...... 185Canadian Gazette on Transportation of Live Lobsters. 351Canned Eishery Products on New York Market (Tab.

ular Statement) 540Marine Products Classified................... 511.

Canneries of Karluk Distriot 148Can·filling Maehines.................................. 510Canning Broiled Mackerel ". . .. .. •• 520

Caviar 540, 544Codfish Balls...... 540Crabs 524,540Development and Methods of 507-511Eels.......................................... 537Fishery Products 337,507-540Giant Scallops. .. .. . .. . . .. . .. .. .. . 539Green Turtle '" .•.•.• .. . .. .. 539Halihut.. .. . .. 539Herring. .. . .. •. 538U Herring Mackorel" .. . .... 538Lobsters 521-523Mackerel...... .•..•• .• .. .. 519'Menhaden : 509,538II Ocean 'I'rout " u...... 638Oysters 516-519Processes 26,507-540Salmon ! 23-34,512-516Salt Mackerel, 520Sardines..... •. . .• ..•. 526-537Shrimp 523-524Smolt ; . " . . . 538Smoked Sturgeon............................ 538Soft Clams............. 51g

INDEX. 567Page.

Canning Spanish Mackerel....... ..•. .. . . .. 539Cans and Boxes for Canned Salmon....... . 33Cape :Fox Packing Company : 16,62.64Cape Lees Packing Company......................... 17Carassius anratus. ..••.......• .••.. •... 182Car for Transferring Live :Fish. •.•••• •••...••.. 348Carbolic Acid and Soda used iI).PreservingFish...... 561Carebarbinus obscurus ...•••. 180Carp , . ..•.. . .. 181, 182

Caviar from Eggs of............................. 545Cold Storage of. .••• 382Smoked ·.••...•..••••.. 506

Carpiodea cyprinus 18tCarp Sucker ...... '..... •... .. . . . •••••• 181Cars for Trausporting Live Fish Overland...... ...... 348

Refrigerator ..••• " .•.• . •.•. .• • ••. ••• 367Catfish, Cold Storage of 382

Frozen, Remaining Alivc. •••••• 357Held Alive In Cars................. 345Smoked............................... 503

Catostomua commersonli. ~.. 181nlgrtcans 181

Caviar 541-546Canned 540Cold Storage of 382

Central Alaska Company 17,172Cbmnobryttusgulosus ,... 185Chrotodlpterus faber '" 187Chain PickereL...................... 184.Channel Bass Brine.·salted............ • . .. ••• 464

Dry-aalted ,...... 413Cat 181

Charts of Alaeka Salmon Districts...... 48Cheese Prepared from F'iah-rce .•.••• 546Chelonia mydas................... ij39Chcsapeake Bay Crab Tuduatry 356

Process of Briue-salting .••••• ..•••• • 452Brine-saltmg Shad.... •. . 459Smoking River Herring.. 489

Cl1lgnik Bay ,......... 164Combination 18Packing Company....................... 17.

Lagoon andItiver............................ 168Chilkat 125

Canning Company............................ 17Packing Company............................ 16River and Inlet............................... 127

Chilkoot River............ 127Chilling Fi.h before Shipment 362Chinese Labor at Salmon Canneries....... .. .. . • ..••.• 23

Shrimp and Fish Drying 414-417Chinook Salmon............. 5Chloride of Calcium used in Freezing..... •••. 375Chloroform and Etber used In Preserving Fish ....• , . 561Cholmondeley Sound............ 84Christiania Anchovies...... 468Chub Sucker.......................................... 181Cincinnati Oyster and Fish Company..... • . .... 376Cfseoes " • • • . . . • • • . 461

Brlne·.altcll 461,462Clam Chowdcr Canncd.. 540

Extracts 553-556Juice•.••.... ·•••.• 540

Clams at Klawak..................................... 111Canned 519,540Cold Stcrage of................................. 382Marketed Alive...... 353

Page.Clams Pickled... . .• ...... ...... . .• .. .. .. • 473Clarence Strait Halibut Ground 46Clark & Martin. •... . .. .•.•.• 62, 64, 65Clinging Goby. .•.. 187Close Season for Salmon.. .. 40OlUpallodon croruleus................................. 532

.pilcharllu. 532Clupea hnrengus 436, 532

pflehardus , , 465sagax........................................... 532sprattus 532

Cod .. :................................................. 124Brine·salted 453-455Cold Storage of. 382Held Alive for Market 342,344Icing 363Live at Grimsby......... ...•..• 344

. Woods Hole 345Roc Salted and Smoked in Norway............... 547

Codfish Balls Canned 540Boneleas " 400Dried, Grades of '" 398Drying in 1"orclgn Conntrles 406-410

on Atlantic Coast 390-398 .Pacitlc Coast.... .. .. 398

Market. for................................... 406Cold·smoking FIsheryProducts....................... 474Cold Storage and Artitlcial Freezing 370-388

of Fish, Development of.........•..... 371-373Collecting and Fishing by the Albatross .......•...•.. 45-48Collins, J. W., on Dry-aaltdng Kingtlsh.......... .•.••. 413Collins, Patrick A., on Spring Mackerel Fisher~' ., .. 204,205Columbia Salm!'n..................... 5Common Names. of Alaska Salmon........ •.•••. ..•••• 5CompressedAll' used in Preserving 1<'ish...... 563Compression Systom used In Fr~ezlng Fish........... 374

Used in Desiccating Codfish 389,393Concentrated Berlinltc , . •• 562Cook Inlet Diatrfot, . • .. •.. ..•••. . .• 140-143Cooling Fish with leo 359-367Copper River 133Coqnenhena '.' .. .. . .. 130Corn Huska for Lining Tin Cans """ 509Cottonwood Point -. '.' . .. . ••• 133Cottus aleuticua " , '''''' •••••• 190

mertdlonalls 187Crab Butter .•.... 552

Soup..... 54.0Orabs Oanned - 524,540

Shipped alive................................... 356Crappie """ 185Crates for Shipping Crabs. •..•• .. •••. 357Crawfish Butter............................................ 552CrcekFI.h...................... .••••. ••• 181

Suckcr 181Crlsfleld Crab Illllnstry .. 356Croakers Brme-salted ..•.......•••..•.......• .••.. ••. 464"Crowfoot" Dredgo used for taking Mussels......... 295Culling Codfish " . 393Curing Codflsh 390-410

on Pacific Coast 398Herring, ForclgllMcthods of 4U-450

Cusk,Drying 390,394Cut-Hpa, 183"Cnt" RIvcrHerring.................................. 452Cutting Packing Company 16,23,88,102Cyprinodon varlegatus.................................. 184

568 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND E'ISHERIES.

Page.Cyprinus carpio " 182, 545Dace............ . .. •. . .•••.. . 182, 183Darter 186Davis, W·illiam 372,383Day, Francis, quoted 276,437,465,545,547Deerhorn Mussels........... 291Denmark, Smoking Herring in . 492Depletion of Mussel·grounds.......................... 299

Salmon Streams 34-37Desicoated Codfish. 405Desicoating Clams and other Shellfish................ 554Desiccation or Drying 389-424Development and Methods of Brfne-salting..••..... 425-427

Canning 507-511Smoking 474-478

of Cold Storage 371-373. Fresh-fish Trade...................... 358

Deviled Lobstors...................................... 523Discoloration of Canned Ulams............ 519

Canned Shrimp 523Codfish 399,400Dried Mullet......................... 412

District·of Columbia, Fishes of 179-187Dolly Varden and Cut-throat Trout destructive of Sal-

mon Spawn.................... 15Dolly Varden Trout................................... 128Doris Bay : 103,165Dorosomacepedianum................................. 183Drag-rake used in Mussel Fishing.................... 293Dressing Cod for Drying.............................. 391

Fresh Fish before Shipment....... ...... .... 360Fish for Pickling.•••••.•••••.•••.••••.•... 425, 462

Smoking...... 474Halibut for Smoking........................ 497

.. Drinking" Oysters for Market...................... 354Drying ..·.' 389-424

Albacore :................................ 416Barracuda 414,416Bonito 414,416Channel Bass........................... 413Codfish ..-,, 390-410Cusk....·••• ,.................................. 390Fish Artlfieially............................ 420-424Haddeck 390,397Hake ...• , 3911,397Kingfish . . .. . 413Mullet · ·......................... 412Oysters...... .. . . 416Pollock " , 390,396Redfish ·............................... 417

·Rock Lobsters·...... 416Salmon • .. ·......... 411

in Scotland ~........ 411on Alaskan Coast..................... 411

Sardines for canning...... 527. ·Shrimps · 414-416

Skates ..~..................................... 416Squid......................................... 417Sturgeon Meat in Russia.•·....... ~............ 418Sturgeon Products.................. 417Trepangs 41~20

Yellow·tail or Amber-flsb 414DukeIsland :. 68Dunbar, G:W., & Sons 523Dnucan, William. 66Dunflsh ..•• :........ 396Dusky·Shark..·, ••·••·•.·.. 'e ·............ 180

Page.Dutch Cure of Herring.......... 443Earle,R. Eo,on Sardine Canning.......... 527East Indian Method of Curing Trepang.. ••. ..•...•. .. 419Eastern Pickerel...................................... 184Eckhart Process of Preserva.tion...................... 559Edwards, Vinal N..................................... 273Eeke 75,116EeL................................................... 183

Soup............................................... 540Eels Canned 537,540

Cold Storage of................................... 382Held alive for Market............................ 346

. Pickled 470Smoked 504

Egegak Fishing Station............................... 176Eggs, Fiah, Preparation for Food 541-548English Method of Smoking Herring. .••....•.. . .. .. . 484Engraulis encrasicholus........... 466Enneacanthus gloriosus............................... 185

obesus 185Erimyz6n sucetta............. 181Ether and Chloroform used in Preserving Fish. . . 562Etnlin Island 109Eupemotis gibbosus 186Europe, Frozen·flsh Trade in 383,385European Trade in American Oysters.. ..••. ...• . .. 355Evaporation in Freezing Fish....... 382Exoglossum maxillingua.................. 183Extracts of Clams and Oysters 553-556

Fish 549-552Eyak Lake. .• .• . 132, 135, 136Falll1sh 182Fall Herring.... .. . .•••. .. . 183"Family Whitefish" 462Farlow, W. G 399Farris, Joseph 450Federation Pike , 184Feeding Lobsters Confined in Pens 340

Sturgeon Confined in Pens............. 340Fermentation Fish...... . .. 466Fibered Codfish.. .. . 405Filefish new to the Fauna of the United States, Notice

of, by Hugh M. Smith 273-278Filling Machine : 24,28Fme-ecaled Mullet.................................... 181Finnan Haddie ,... 500

Canned ..·.............................. 540Fish Chowder Canned _. .. 540

Curing by Whitman Process 422-424Dried by Chinese in Louisiana and California... 416~ggs Prepared as Food 541-548Meal. : .. . 549,551Transported Alive............................... 348Traps............................................ 161

at Cook Inlet '" • 143Uganuk................................. 150

Fishery Products Preserved for Food, Charles H. Ste-venson on 435-563

Fishermen at Salmon Canneries '. 23in Karluk Region 152

Mussel ]'ishcry .. .. . .. . . .. 292Fishermen's Packing Company.. 165Fishes of District of Columbla 179-187Fishing and Collecting by Steamer Albatross......••. 45-48

Grounds for Mussels in Mississippi River.... 298. of Karluk region 146

Season for Mussels............................ 297

INDEX. 569

Page.Flakes for Codfish...... 394Flatfish, Freezing of 377,382Flavorin~Solutions used in Pickling Fish 425,467-473Fletcbing Halibut •..• " .... .. . ••. .... .. •. 497Floats for Storinl\' Oysters or Clams •••••..•....... '" 354Floods destructive to Mussels........................ 286Flounders Smoked.................................... 606Fluoride of Sodium and Cbloride of Sodium. 562Food Extracts of Marino Products 549-556Foreign Codfish Markets 406

Herring, Importation of...................... 440Methods of Curing Codfish 406-410

Herring 441-i50Sardines 534-537Smoked Herring in the United States 479,483Smokehouses. 476

Formalin, to prevent Mold On Frozen Fish... 381Fraser River Salmon.............. ••.••• 6Freezing, Artificial, and Cold Storage 370-388

Fish in Europe........... •••.. . . .. •. . 385the open air.... .... . . •... . . .. 368

Herring for Dait............ .. . • .. 387French Mcthod of Curing Codfish 407

Sardines " . . . . .. • . .•... . 534••Freshening" Oysters for Market...... .•..•. . ...• •• . 354Fresh Fish Trade, Development of.................... 358Fresh-Mackerel Fishery, Ice used in........ 365Frcsh·water FiBh transported alive in Germany...... 350

Muaaela of United StateB 279-288 .Tailor '" .. .• . . 183

Frozen- Herring Indnstry 368-370used for bait '" 369, 387

Frye, William P., on Spring'Maclterel Fishery.. 232,249, 250, 251

Fryer,.a.E., on preparation of Sprats as Sardines... 535-537Fuel for Smoking B'Ish 476,482,488,499,501Fulton .Market Live·cars. .•. •• . 344Fumadoes............................................. 465FundnluB diaphanus . . •. . .•• . . . •.. 184

heteroclitua 841Gadidro ~...... 390Gadus callartas 390Gahrftsch or Fermentation Ffsh •••.•••••••....••..••• 466Garflab Eggs as Caviar ~..................... 542Gar Pike ·• ··........................... 181Garum soclorum " " . . 552GaBterosteus cataphractuB...... • •. .. • . . . . . . . 189Gelatin used in Preserving Fish , 561George, James Z., on Spring Mackerel Fishery 243German Carp.......................................... 182Germany, Smoking EulB in............................ 505

Salmon In ..• '............ 496Gewurzhering 469Giant SeaIlops Canned :............................ 539Gibbed Herring....................................... 439"Gibhinll"" Mackerel................................. 432Glll nets tn Copper River............................. 134

Cook Inlet................................ 143Mej;la,kahtla l!'isherieB...... ••. 67

GbzardShad............... 183Glacier ltiver .. " . .. . . • .. . 132GlucoBe employed in Brlnc.saltin~ " ...•..•.•.•. " .,. 426Glut Herring " '" . . . .••.•. . 188Glycerin used in Preserving Fish.... 561Gobiosoma bosci . •. 187Goble, Oregon, Cold Storage Plant............. 376Goggle.eye.............. 185

Page.Golden Ide............... 182

Orfe 182Goldfish ·.· .. ·........................... 182Goode, George Brown, on Spring Mackerel Fishery... 206,

211,224Goody ··.··........................ 187Grades of Codfish · .. ··• .. · 393, 398

Halibut, Fresh ,. . .. . . . ...•. .. 364Smoked........................... 499

Rard Herring..... •.•••. 482Mackerel Brine·salted..................... 435Mullet Brine·salted........................ 458Trout Brine·salted......................... 464Whitefish Brtne-aalted 464

Grass Chub. 183Pike, Cold Storage of s , • •• .. • 382

Gray, George, on Spring Mackerel Fishery.. 240, 241, 243, 250Great Lakes, Brfne-saltdng F'Iah on..... . ... ...••.•.. 461-464GreenBass............................................ 186Green Turt.le Canned 539,540

Soup.................................... 539Penned Alive on Gulf of Mexico........ 341

Groupers Preserved in Well-smacka.; 343Guano made from Herring...... .•.••.. 124Gudgeon " .. "" . 182Gurnard 187GymneliB viridiB , --. -- 192Haddock Brine·salted.;.. 453

Cold Storage of , . •... •• .. 382Cured as Clubbed Haddock................. 396Drying 390,394,396Icing........................................ 36~

Roe in New England Fisheries.............. 548Smoked............ 5UO-501

HadropteruB peltatuB................................. 186Hake, Drying 390,394

Smoked 506Hale, Eugene, on Spriug Mackerel Fishery...... .•.• 244,

245, 246, 247, 250Halibut Canned................. . 539

Cold Storage of.......... . . .•.. 382Fins Pickled , . 464Grades of Fre.h.............................. 364

Smoked............................ 499Icing 363-365Smoked , 497-499Trials by the .Albatross 45

Halifax Salmon ;....... . . 455Hall, Ansley, on Brlne-saltfng Alewives.............. 452

Prepar-ing Sardines. .. 531Smoking Hard Herring 479-482Testing SardineCane, . . .. .. .•••.• 530

Hamburg, Shipments of Fish to 383Hard Herring......................................... 478Hatcheries in Moira Sound Region ......•.••.•.....•. 83"Hatchet·back" MusselB............................. 291Helm Bay · .. ······ .. ··................... IIIHerrick, a.Judson, on the Peripherlll Nervous System

of the Bony Fishes 315-320Rerring . .••• .• ..•.. • . . . . . . . . ..••. .. 183

Barrels "-'" 445,446Branded as "Brook Trout" 588Br-ine-salted 436-450Canned, '" •.. .•••.• •.• 540Canned as Maekerel.... .. . . . .. . . .. 538Foreign Method of Drine.Balting ..........• 44l-450Frozen for Bait " . . . .. . . . 881

570 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF PISH AND FISHERIES.

Page.Herrfng Frozen in Open Air...... 368--370

Imports of Pickled 338,440in Norway, Preparation of 468of Alaska.................................... 123of Northern Europe. 436Packed at Killisnoo . .. . .. 124Preserved in Cold Storage................... 370Smoked 478-493

"Herring Mackerel" Canned. . .• . ••.. .. 538Herring Trap at Kootznahoo Inlet....... 122Herzen Preserving Process 562Hessa ..•. .. . .. . 116Hessa Inlet ;.... 72Hetta Inlet. . . .. . . •• 73Hewitt, A. S.• on Spring Mackerel Fishery. .•••.. ..••• 205.

208, 209, 210, 212, 214Hickory Jack............. 183

Shad......................................... 183Hog-choker .. ••. . . . .. 187Hogflsh " 187

Brine-salted • .• ...•. ••••. .. .. . . 464Held Alive on Virginia Coast 346

Hog Molly...... .. • . .. .. .. 186Hogshead Smokehouscs. .•.•. . . 475Holdsworth, on Live-cars at Grimshy 344

Preparing Fumadoes . . ......• . •.••... 465Holland Herring. • . .•.• .. . . 440

Process of.Pickling Cod...................... 454Smoking Herring.......... ...... . 483

Smoking Salmon in.......................... . 496Hoopid Salmon......................... 5Horned Dace :................... 182

Pout.......................................... 181Horny-head ,............. 183Horsesho~ Crab Eggs as Caviar...... 542Hot-smoking Fishery Products 474Hume-Alentfan Compact........ 149Hume Bros. & Hume 17,18,166Hume Canning and Trading Company · · 17.149Hume, George W 141Hume Packing Company 17,149Humpback Salmon destructive of Redflsh Eggs....... 15Hunter Bay Region 68,77Huxley on Herring Fisheries ..•...•••••.•.......... 213,225Hybognathns nuchalis.. 182Hyhopsiskentuckiensis....................... 183Hydrocarbon Gas used in Preserving Fish............ 561Ice, Cooling Fish with 359-367

iu Fresh Mackerel Fishcries...................... 365Introduced in the Vessel Fisheries...... 359

Tee-and-Salt, Freezers. Description of..........•..... 373,379Ice-nsbtng for Mussels 296,300Jce-housc Salted Salmon 456Iceland :Method of Curing Codfish .•.. ,. ......•••.. .•. 409Icing Cpd, Haddock, and Bluefish ..•....... , . .. ....••. 363

Halibut 363.365Oysters...... . . 366Shad............................................ 365

Ictalurus punctatus. •••.•.• •••.•. . . • . . . . . . 181Idus idus 182TIlegal Fishing at Karluk............................. 147

for Salmon. ..• 34Importation of Caviar...... ...• . • 542

Pickled Herring. . 440Pickled Salmon. . . . . .. . ..•••.• 455Russian Sardines...... 467Sardines & ~ _ _ 534

Page.Inclosed ,Water Areas for. preserving Aquatic Prod-

ucts alive . 339Indian Barricades of Salmon Streams................. 37

Lahor at Salmon Canneries 24.25Indians ofNorthwcst.Fish.dryinghy................. 389

Relationsto Salmon Fisheries................ 43Inspection of Mackerel...... . 434

Pickled Fish 428.430Insulation of Cold-storage Walls 376, 381Italian Sardels .• .. 466Itinerary of the Albatross "" . . 2J annasch Preservative.... .. . .. .. 560Japanese Canned Shrimp 524

Methods of Pickling Fish..... . 425Preparing Fish Extracts....... 552

Jellied Oystors........................................ 4.72Jordan.DavidS....................................... 417Kadiak Island, Title·pool Fishes from 189-192Kagnyak.............................................. 147Kah-Shakes 62,64Kah·Sheets :..................... 106. 108Karluk and Chignik District 144-172

Canneries.......................... 148Hatchery . ..... ... .. . . .. .. 155Packing Company 16,148River Fisheries 18.148.149

Karta Bay and Stream 87,89Kasaan Bay Stream.......... 85Kassook " " • 116

Inlet ;........... 76Kegan................................................. ·78Kegs for Caviar..................... 543

B'oreign Herring. ... ...... 440Rencll·eure,l Codfish............... 395

Mullet.................................. 412Ketchikan. .. . . . . • 64.Kieler Sprotlen....................................... 540Killifish............................................... 184Killisnoo 121-125Kingflsh 187

Dry.salted , 413.Kingfish Smoked 507King Salmon 09,124,131,134Kinney. M. J " 62.125Kippered Herring.......... 488

Salmon 411KI.utch............................................... 5Kithraum Stream............ ...... .... .• ...• .. . ...... 84KiukRiver............................................ 143KIaka. 116

Inlet and Stream.............................. 70Klawak 109-115

Cannery at........ 16Kodiak Packing Company 17,14.8,157Kootznahoo Inlet...... • 123Krasnaya ryba 5Kunz, George F....................................... 279

.Kussllof River........................................ 141Kviehak River........................................ 174Labels and Brands of Salmon Canneries .•..••.•••••.. 32Labor at Salmon Canneries · · 23Labrador SpJltHerring 487Lake Bay. .. . . . • ••..•.• .• . ••.. • . .•..• .. . .. . .. . .. 106Lake Eyak 185,136Lake Herring Brine-aalted 461-464

Freezing of · •.. · 37~82

Smoked 491

INDEX, 571

Page.Lake Trout, Brands of 464

Brlne-sulted, 461-464Canned................................... 540Freezing of 370-382Smoked 506

Lamprey ,.. .•.. 180Eel.......................................... 180

LampBilis anodontoldes 283.290capax....................................... 291fallaciosua " . •••••• •• •• . • •• 291ligamentinus 291Iuteolus 284rectus 290yentricosus...... 291

Large·mouthed Black Bass ,..................... 186Larsen Bay , 159Late·spawning Salmon................................ 12Lea. Isaao 285,287Lead Poisoning from Canned Fish. .. •.. . .. .....• 509Leask's Refrigorating Machinery and itsManageIDent 374Leather Carp.......................................... 182LeClaire, E .• on Icing Fish............................ 361Logislation for Mackerel Fishery....... . 271Leiostc-mus xanthurus........... 187Lepisosteus osseus ,........................... 181LepoIDis auritus 186Loptocottus armlltus............. 190Leucisous margarita , . •.• .. 182

rutilus ..•..•.••.• 545,van<]oisulu8................................ 182

Lewis,James............... 285Libbey, William...................... 324Lija barbuda, figured 277Limulus polyphemus.................................. 542Little Ka~ak Island. • • • . .. . •. .. .. . 129LittloRlver 133,147,159Little Whale Bay '" . 120Live-cars or Live-boxes 344-348Live Crabe, Transportation of 356

Fish Trausported Overland 348-350Lobsters Transported.. . . . 350-353Oysters and Clams Transported ....•.......... 353-356Terrapins and l.'urtles '" . . . •. 357

Lobster Live-oars , 347Ponds on New England Coast......... ...•••. 340Smacks .• ;................................... 343

Lobsters Boiled before Shipment. • •.. •• . . . • . .. ••.• 353. Canned 521-523,540

Pickled........... 473Preserved Alrve in Coves or Ponds.. . .. .. 340'£ransported Alive 347,350-353

Log Peroh............................................. 186Long-eared Sunfish :............... 186Long·mouthed Minnow............................... 182Long-nosed Dace. 183Lopholatilus ohamroleonticeps........................ 321Lore, Oharles B., on Spring Mackerel l"ishory ..•••... 205,

. " , 216,217.218,219,220,221,222Loatstanu, Catfish held Alive lor Market....... 345

Shrhnp-drying , '" . .. . 414Lucloperca sandra ~.. . . .. .. . . •. 545Lucius. americnnus....................................... 184

retdculatus . . . .. . .. .. •.. 184McDonald Day. . . .. .. . . •. . . .. . . .• . . .. .. .. 97McGray. A. and H 351Mackerel Brtne-salted '" 430--436

" .'.'Broiled" 520

Page.Mackerel Canned """ .. 519. 540

Co1<1 Storage of , 370,382Fishery.Spring 193-271Icing Fresh...... .. . .. 365Pooket...................................... 432Smoked..................................... 505

McPherson, John R., on Spring Mackerel Fishery. ••. 229,231,232

Maine'Rego1ations as to Brine.salting.......... .4~8

Margaritana dehlscens.... 283. margaritifera......... . . . 284

Marine Products Classified. .. 511Preserved by Pickling 425--473

Market for Smoked Halibut........................... 499Marketing Live Crabs 356

Oysters and Clams................... 353Markets for Canned Salmon...... .. .• 32

Pearl Buttons............ 309Marten Arm , •••..• ..•..• 62, 64

River 133Mary Island · . . . .. . .. .. .. .. .. 62Massaohusetts RegUlations' as to BrineCsaiting........ 429

Smoking Alewivlls.. 496Materialfor Producing Smoke in Smokehouses....... 476MiitJeshering """ . •.•••• 469Mechanical Freezers for Fish, Description............ 374Medloch and Bailey Method of Preserving Ffsh . '" ~ • 562Melanogrammus roglifinus............................ 390MenlJaden '" 184

as Sardines ·•·•·•••• .. .. . 533Cannodas "Ocean Trout," etc............. 538Canning ....... , . .. . . .. . .. . • 509Feod Extracts from. • . . 550Smoked.................................... 506

Menldia beryllina .. ........ • ........ ...... .. . .. •• .. •. . 185Menticlrrus saxatilis........................ 187Merlucius bilinearis 390Mess Mackerol. :. . 435Methods pursued in Button Industry....... •.. 306Mctlakahtla : 17,66Micropterus dolomieu................................. 186

salmoides . .. •• .. .. 186Miller's Thumb.. 187

Miller. Warner. on Spring Muckerel Ftahery ..•.•.. 230,231.233, 234, 235, 236, 237, 238, 239, 240, 241, 242,244,245,247,248,250,251.252,253, 254. 255

MIlliken. Soth L., on Spring Mackerel Fishery.. 214,215,222IlMinervu," Chineso Preservative :.... 502Mink Arm and Stream 62,64Mirror Carp....... .... .. . .. .•..•. 182Mississippi River Pearl·button Industry and Mussel

l!'ishery , 289-314Mitchell Island · · .. ···................. 129Moira Sound ~............ 78Mold on Frozen Fish , " 381

Smoked Fish................................. 477Monaeanthns monoceros :.............. 276Moonllsh;..... 187

::~~:~~:~J~ri~::::::: :::::: ::::::::::::::::::::: ::: ~~~Moser,,refferson F...... 516Moser, J'. F .•on the Salmon and Salmon 1<'ishories of

Alaska 1-178Moss Water' used in Preserving Fish......... 563Moxostoma llIucrelopidotnm.......................... 182Mud Bay........................................ ...... 165

Cat ....:.......................................... 181

572 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHBRIES.

Pag-e.Mud Minnow 184

Shad............................................. 183Mutlle·jaw 187Mullet 182

Brfne-salted 457Dry·salted..................................... 412Roes salted........ 547Smoked 500

Mummichog 184Mussel Farming 288

Fishery and Pearl-button Industry of Missis·sippiRiver 289--314

Mussels, Fresh-water, of United States 279-288'Pickled...................................... 473Utilized in Button-maklng. 289

Mya arenaria 519,552Myoxocephalus polyacanthocephalus •. 190NahaBay and Stream 92,95Naiades or Pearly Fresh-water Mussels 278-~88

Naknek Packing Company ,... 17River 175

. NeckerBay :................. 120Needle·fish...... 185Neoliparis callyodon 192

rntteri..................................... 192New England Process of Brine·salting................ 452

Smoking River Herring..... 490Newfonndland Split Herring 487Niblack .Anchorage.... .. . .. . 82Nichols Bay and Tributaries 70,71Nielsen,.Adolph, on Brtne-salting Herring .....•••.. 441-446

Curing Cod1lsh :- 407Shipping LiveLobsters toEurope. 352Smoking Hard Herring........... 483

Niggerhead Mussels 290Nine.spined Stickleback 189North Carolina, Brfne-salted Mullet in....... .. 457North Pacific Trading and Packing Company :. 16North Truro, Mass., Frozen Herring Plant ,....... 388Northeast Harbor...... 147Northern Packing Company 17,141Northwest Trading Company......................... 121Norwegian Cod Caviar.................. 548

Cure of Herring 443,468Herring................................... 441Method of Curing Codfish.... .. 407Sardines :.... 535Stockfish.................................. 410

N otemlgonus crysoleucas 182Notropis anaJostanus ·..................... 183

cornntns.................................... 183hndsonins amarns 182photogenis.................................. 183procne...................................... 182

Nova Scotia, Smoking SaImon in...................... 495Nushagak Packing Company 17,173NutqnaInlet 73"Ocean Tront" Canned............................... 538Odiak................................................. 130Offal in Karluk River............. .. .. .. . 157O'Hara Bay.... . •• . . • . . • 121, 128Oil in Sardine Canning 527,528,531

fromHerring...................................... 124Old Sitka, Cannery at .. . 16Oligocottns maculoaua 190OlsenBay 121,128Oncorhynchus gorbuscha•••.••••••••••••.•••••••• 5,455,512

Page.Oncorhynchns h aberi................................. 513

keta ..·................................. 5kisntch 5,455, 512nerka 5,455,512perryii 513tscbawytscha 5,455,512

Open-air Freeziug of Fish............................ 368Opsanus tau 187Orthopristis chrysopterns....... 187Osbeck, Peter 275

.Osborn, H.L 287OswegoJ3ass.......................................... 186Ontput of Alaska Salmon Canneries 51-53

Karluk Canneries 149Overland Transportation of Live Fish...... . 348Oxycottus acutdceps 191Oyster Canning , 516-519

Crabs Pickled 472Trade on Pacific Coast........................ 355Tubs 867

Oysters Canned.............. 540Cold Storage of.................. 382Dried by Chinese............................. 416Extracts of 553-556Icing '''''' •••. .•..• 366Pickled....................................... 472Shipped .Alive ..•.. " ......•........•.~..... 353--356Vitality of.................................... 355Wiring of ; 355

Pacific Coaat Oyster Planting ,..... 355Product of Canned Salmon.... 513Salmon Canning 512-516Sardine Canning 532-533

Packing Company 17,130Steam Whaling Company 17,18,21,68,131

Package Tnbs for Oysters....... 367Packing Boneless Codfish in "Bricks" 403-405

Herring...................................... 445Salt Cod 393

Pacchel Berlinite 562Pagliare Process of Preserving Fi.h.................. 562Palmer, Thomas W., on Spring Mackerel Fishery. 229,230,

231,232,236,237,240, l!42,246,247, 248, 249,253,254,255,256

Pan-Freeslng, Origin of............................... 372Pans used in Freezing Fish.................... ..•.••. 877Panulirus interrnptus 416.. Pastes" made from Fish 553Pearl·bntton Industry and Mnssel Fishery of Missis·

sippi River, Hugh M. Smith on 289--314Pearly B'resh-water Mnssels of the United States,

Charles T. Simpson on "'''''''''' 279-288Pecten magelJanicns .. . . ...... . ..... .. 539"Peeler" Crabs....................................... 356Peninsula Trading and Fishing Company............. 17Perea flavescens 186Perch Brlne-snlted .. •••. •••. .. . . . .. .• . 464

Caviar from Eggs of....... . ....... .. .. 545Cold Storage of .....;........................... 382Preserved Alive................................ 340

Percina caprodes. • . .. . • .. .. .. . 186Percopsisguttatus 185Peripheral Nervons System of Bony Fishes ..•••..• 315-320Petromyzon marinus. .. 180Pholis ornatus 192Pickerel Canned 540Pickle-cured Fillh ;............... 396

INDEX. 573

Page.Pickling Clams ····• .. ····.... 473

Eels 470Halibut Fins.................. 464Lobsters.. 473Marine Products 337.425-473Mussels , ...•. . 473Oyster Crabs ,.................... 472Oysters ,................. 472River Herring in Russia , .• •••••.. ...... 453Salmon 455·457.471Scallops........... . •. 473Sturgeon ....... ,............................ 469with Vinegar and Spices 467-473(Also see Brtne-salted.)

Pigflsh ... " ••• "...................................... 187Pike................................................... 184

Brine·salting 461-464Caviar from Roe of........ 546Frozen Alive in Ice.............................. 357Minnow.......................................... 184

Pilchards Salted................................. 465Pinnotheres ostreum 472Pipefish...... . 185Piper, Enoch.................. 371Pirate Perch.... 185Plagiola sccuris 291Pleurobema msopus 290Plowing Mackerel.......... . 433Pocketbook Clams...... . .. •. 291Pocket or Spiller for Mackerel, , ,......... . 481Point Barrie ;....... 108,121

Ellis............................................. 121Roberts Packing Company : : 17,17'

Poison (Jat ...... .. . . 181Pollachius virens 390Pollock Dry-salted 390,396

Smoked 499.506Pomolobus mstivalis 183,436

mediocris........................ 183pseudoharengus :... .. 183,436

Pomoxis annularts . 185sparoides 185

Pompano, Cold Storage of 382Porocottus bradford!...... . .. .. . .. 191Portland Fishing Exchange, Petition concerning the

Mackerel Fishery. .. . 199Preservallne 543.560Preservation of Fishery Products Alive 339-857

by Canning 507-540Drying and Dry.saltdng 389-424Low Temperature 358-388Miscellaneous Antiseptics 557-563Pickling 425-473Smoking 474-506

Prices of Brine-salted River Herring ,......... 452Canned Fish, Tabular Statement........ .. . 540Canned Salmon... .. 33Codfish. Tabular Statement. .•. . .• .•.••• . •.. 308Foreign Herring, Tabular Statement....... 441Mackerel, Tabular Statement............... 436Mussel Shells. 301Pearl Buttons...... . .. B09Smoked Herring......................... 48B

Prince of Wales Island lOtiPrinceWilliam Sound and Copper River Region .••. 129-139Prienotus oarolinus . .. . •. . .. .. . 187Prosper li'ishjng Company................... 174

Page.Pumpkin-seed. .•. 186Pygosteus pungitius 189Pyramid Harbor...... .. • 125

Packing Company.......................... 16.125Quadra Packing Company ... ,........................ 17

Redftsh, Size of................ . 63Stream and Lake n." 62

Quadrula ebena ,............. .. 290metanevra . . .•. 290pustulosa, . .. . .. . .. • 290undulata.................................... 291

Quarter Oil Sardines. Cost per Case '" ••.••.••• • 531Quillback . .. •• . . . . . .. 181QUinnat Salmon......................... 5Railroad Car for Transporting Live Oysters.......... 356Rakes used in Mussel Fishing............... 293Rathbun, Richard, on Drying Shrimp at San Francisco 415Ratz Harbor...... 107Reagan, John H., on Spring Mackerel FisheFy 204.205Reaming MackereL....... 433Reddening of Dry·salted Mullet 412

Salted Codfish................... 399Red-eye Perch · · ·.................... 185Redfin 183Redflsh Bay ,' '" 116-121RedflshDry-aalted ·................ 417

Hatchery at Karluk.. 85Red Herring. Preparation of ·............. 485Redhorse Mullet ,......... 182Red-mouthed Grunt....... ..••..••••.•.. ..•... . ••..•.. 187Redoubt...... 120Redoubt St. Nicolas : 140RedRiver............................................. 146Red Snappers Preserved in Well Smacks............. 343Reed. Thomas B .• on Spring Mackerel FlsllOry....... 204,

205.206,207.21)8.212,217.219.220Refrigeration 337.358-888

Applied to Salmon..................... 384of Fish on Pacific Coast. 383

Refrigerator Cars.................. .. 367Regn1ations as to Brlne-saltod Fish ..........•...•• 427-430

Inspecting and Packing SmokedHerring : 490-491

Smoked Herring.................... 483Rptorts used in Canning.. .. . .. 28Revillagigedo Channel.......................... 62"Rex Magnus" . ...... . .. . . . • . ••. •.. . . . . 560Rhinichthys atronasua 183

cataractm 183 •Rhode Island Regulations as to Brtne-saltdng. . ••.•.•• 4BORinged Pcrch 186River Chub • · • .. ·.... 183River Herring 183River Herring 01' Alewives Brme-salted 450-453

Smoked 489-491Rocous lineatus . 186Rock Bass , 185Rockfish.......... .. 186Rock Lobsters. Drying.... .. .. . . . 416Roosen Process for Presorvmg I!'ish.... . . ..••••••••••• 558Round Herring. .. 438Royal Packing Company .•.•••..••..•..•••...•.•••••• 17,164Ruger·sBarmenide.................................... 562Runs of Alaska Salmon.... 7

Salmon in Hunter Bay Region 77Rusalun-Amerloan Packing Company..•......••. 17. 160.164Russian Method of Drying Sturgeon Meat, .••.. •.•••• 418

574 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES.

Page.Russian Method of Piekling River Herring........... 453

Preparing Caviar................. 544Product of Caviar.... 541Sardines..................... 467Stockfish..................................... 410

Rust on Brfne-salted Fish............... 426Rutter, Cloudsley, on a Collection of Tide·pool Fishes

from Kadiak Island , 180-192Ryder, John A., on Wiring Oyster-shells , •.... 355Sacramento Salmon ,. .. . 5Sahlstrom Process of Brine·salting Fish , . 466

Preparing Food Extracts fromFish 550

Salicylic Acid used in Preserving Fish. 562Salmo gairdneri. , . . . . . . .. . .. . . 512

mykiss 15'Salmon and Salmon Fisheries of Alaska, J. F. Moser on 1-178

Bay........................................... 107Brine-salted 455-457Brme-salttng on Pacific Coast :....... 455Canned on Pacific Coast 513,540Canneries in .Alaska, .Establishment of. . .. 16-21

Operated in Alaska, 1878-1807 ...••. 49-50Canning ; ,,;.512-516Catch at Karluk 144

from Hetta Stream..................... 74Nichols Bay Stream 72Nowisk Kay Stream....... 82Peter Johnson Stream .....••..• ,. 83

Dried and Dry-salted........ ;................. 411Fishery and Cannery Methods 22-34Frozen on Pacific Coast 370,384Hatchery near Karluk. • 155Inspectors.................................... 42Pack of Alaska Canneries for 1806 54

1807............ 55Runter Bay Cannery , •.••.•• 69

Packs at Metlakahtla ; ; -,;.",;1...... 67Pickled ;.;.:...... 471Returning to Sea............................. 14Runs 7

at Karluk .:;........................... 147Shipped from Columbia River to Atlantic

Coast..................... 368Smoked..•......... , ••.......•..••.......... 493-497Transfcrred Alive by U. S. Fish Commission. 346Traps 41

Salt.and·iceFreezers, Description of.................. 373'Salted Pilchards or Fumadoes •••......•.. .•....•..••. 465

Pollock. . . .. . •. . .. ...... . ••.. •. .. . . .. 396Salmon Smoked in Sweden 404

Saltery at Ugashik................ 177Statistics..................................... 60

Salting Cod , .. .• . .. .•. . 392Salmon..• ;............... ....•.. 21

in Alaska .• , . .. •.. .. .. .. . 455Salt Mackerel Canned................................. 520Saltpeter and Alum used in Preserving Fish.... .•.. . 561

used in Smoking Fish................ ....... 495Salvelinus fontinalis.................................. 184

malma 15,45Salt-water Crayfish, Drying...... 416

Fish transported alive in Germany.... 350Gar........................................ 185

Sand Perch :. . 182Roller. .. .. .• .•.••. . .. . . . . . . . . .•.•. . 185

San Erancisoc, Slrrimp-dryrng by Chinese............ 415

Page.Sarda chilensis...... ...... ....... .. .... • .• . .... . . ..... 414Sardels................................................ 466Sardine Butt{lr....... 552

Canning in Maine. ; 526-532on Pacific Coast 532--533

Output of Maine in 1889 and 1892............. 530Sardines;..... . . .. 526-537, 540

Foreign 534-537Prepared from Menhaden.................... 533Russian 467Smoked, Norwegian 535

Satfn-fiu .... ;................................... 183Saugers, Cold Storage of 382Saws and Saw-holders used in making Buttons....... 307Scallops, Cold Storage of ...... ; .. . ...... .• .. ...... . .. . 382

Pickled...................................... 473Scandinavian Packing Company...................... 165Schilbeodes insignis ;................................. 181Schnltz, Alexander, on Drying" Balyk" 418Scombel' scam brus ; 539Scotch Cure of Herring ; 441-443

Method of Curing Codfish.... .. .. . 408Process of Pickling Cod 454

Preparing Extract of Clama ,; ...••• 556Scotland, Brfne-saltfng Salmon in ......•. ; .. .. •. .. . •. . 456

Drying Salmon in .. .. . .•. . ....... .. . 411Scup held Alive in Pounds ;................ 340Sea Bass held Alive for Market 344,346

Cucumber, or Sea sing, Drying 418-420Lamprey .. , .. ; : . . . . . . 180Mink 187Robin............................................. 187

Seal Flesh, Food Extract from. .. . .. •.. • .. . . ... 550Seal Rocka , , .. .. ... ... ...•.. ...... ... . . . .•. .. .. •. . 146Seed Oysters shipped to Pacific Coast................. 355Seines at Karluk ;........................ . 152Sellman, Henry. ••.. .. .. . 467Scmotilus atromaculntus , .•.. .. . . 182

corporalis 182Seriola dorsalis... . .. .. . .. .. . . . .. .. . 414Seufert Brothers Co. on Transporting Salmon. .. . .. 368, 384Sevrionga, .. Balyk" made from....................... 418

Caviar from Eggs of....................... 545Sewell, William J., on Spring Mackerel Ffshery .••. 246,247Shad 184

Brine-salted 458-460Cold Storage of. .. . .. . . .. . . . . . 382Eggs as Caviar.................................. 542Icing............................................ 365Roes Salted...................................... 547Smoked 506

Shark Flesh, Food Extract from. . • .. . .. . •• . .•.. .. .. 550,552Sheepshead Brlne-salted 464

Minnow.................................. 184" Shell Lobsters;" Canning of. ...... .••.•• ..... 522Shielded Darter.......... . .. . . . • . .•.• .. .•.. .. .. . 186Sldner-,; 182,183Shipley Bay 100,121Shipping Car used in Great Lakes Fish Trade........ 362

Fresh Fish 350-362"Frozen Salmon from Pacific Coast.. .. 384Live Crabs. •. 356

Lobsters 350-353Oysters and Clams........................ 353-356Packages for Fish....... . . . . . .. . . .. . 361

Oystera , , •• .. . ... 366Ships and Boats at Karluk............................ 154

INDEX. 575Page.

Short-uosed Sturgeon............ •• . 181Shrimp. Canning 523.640

Drying 414--417Paste.••...•... , '" .. . ...•.. . ..• .• ...• .. 552

Shumagin Packing Company 17,165Sigmistes caulias ;......................... 190Silver Chub · .. ·............................ 182

Fin 182. 183Fish............................................ 182Gar '....... 185Percll.......................................... 187Salmon 5

Silvery Minnow · 182,183Simmonds, P. L., on Curing Trepangs in East Indies.. • ",19Simpson, Charles T., on the Pearly Fresli-water Mus-

sels of the United States 279-288Siphostoma fuscum ;.................. 185Size of Salmon.......................... . .• . 169Skates Dried. .. . .. . . .• • • .. . 416Skowl Arm 85Smackees 343Small Fish. Canning 509Small·mouthed Black Hass............................ 186Smelt c· c ··........ 182

Canning ;. .. . . .. .. .. .. .• . . .. . . . .. ..... . 538Minnow........................................ 182Preserved in Cold Storage...................... 370

Smith&Hirsch ; ; 16,148Smith Bay ; .. ; •.... , ; .. ; 121.128Smith. Hugh M 356

and Barton A. Bean on Fishes of Dis-trict of Columbia 179-187

Notice of a Fileftsh new to the Faunaof the United States 273-278

on Southern Spring Mackerel Fisheryof the United States 193-271

on Mussol Fishery and Pearl-buttonIndustry of Mississippi River.... 289-314

Smith. Joseph, on Spring Mackerel Fishery........... 247Smoked Alewives or River Herring 489-491

Bloater Herring ".... •.•... 485-488Butter-flab 506Carp.......................................... 506

Canned ~ .; ,; ...;............................... 540Catfish ;........................ 503Eels.......................................... 504Flounders...... ... ... .... .• . . .. 506Haddock or Finuan Haddie ;.. 500Hake ;.... 506Halibut 497-499Hard Herring 478-485Kingfish ; ••• ".; ;............. 506Kippered Herring " 488-489Lake Herring. .. . . .. . 491Lake 'rrout. ... . .• • •. 506

Canned........................... 540Maekerel c. • 505Menhaden , c.. .• 506Mullet ; ";.......................... 506Pike Canned. . . . . •.. . . • 640Pollock ; 499.506Salmon " 493-496Sardines of Norway ;;............... 5:J5Shad......................................... 506Sturgeon 501-503

Canned.............................. 538Tllefish....... .••....•... 506

Page.Smokell Whitefish .• :;.;;............................. 491Smokehouses. Description of. 475.476.479.499Smoking Fishery Products 474-506Snug Harbor ;................. 158Sockeye............................................... 5Soda and Carbolic Aoill used in Preserving Fish..... 561Soft·shell Crabs Shipped Alive. 356Soldering Machino " . 26Somerset River....... 138.. Sour Halibut.......... 497Southeast Alaska District 61-128Southern Spring Mackerel Fishery of the United

States 193-271Southwiok.J.M.K.................................... 332Sozolithe . .. . . . . .. . .. ..••.. . .• . .• . . .. 562Spadefish 187Spanish Maokerel Brino-aalted ,....... 464

Canned ; . .. . . . •. 539Cold Storage of.................... 382

Spawn-eater ;......... 182Spawning and other Habits of Alaska Salmon........ 9-15

Grounds of Alaska Salmon. ••••.• . 11Nests of Alaska Salmon.• ;;................ 11

Speckled Perch. •.••.. 185Trout....................................... 184

Sphyrrena ·argentea................................... 414Spiced Herring....................................... 469Spices, Pickling with Vinegar and....•.••.......••. 467-473"Spiller" for Mackorel ....... ...... ...... .••••. ...... 431Spinal Cords of Sturgeon utilizell.;................... 417Split Herring..................... 439Spot 187Spotted Cat....... 181Sprats Prepared as Sllrdines...... 535Spring Mackerel ]j'ishery 193-271

Salmon ·............................ 5Squeteague Brtue-snlted 464

l?roserved in Cold Storage 370.382Squid Dried hy Chinese..... 417Steam Power in Karluk Fisheries..................... 153

Scow used for Tllking Mussels................. 294Stearns, Silas; on Drying 'rrel'angs.................... 418Stevenson, Charles R .•on the Preservation of Fishery

Products for Food : 335-563Stickleback. . .. •..••••. 189Stikine River . c•••• ; '" - 105Stirling. William. on Extracts of Fish................. 550Stockilsh 389-410Stolephorus mitchilli 184

ringens 532Stone Cat ..... ·· .. ····................................ 181Stone, Eben F., on Spring Maokerel Fishery.. •. 223Stone. Livingston 144,163Stone.toter 181Storage. Co1<\ 370-388Storer. H. R '" .• .. •• .. ••. . e32Strawberry Bass...................................... 185

Perch;.................................... 185Striped Bass.......................................... 186

Brine·salted............ 464CoM Storage of............ 382Penned Alive in Southern Delaware..... 340

Sturgeon.... .. .•. . 128, 181Caviar from Eggs of 540,545Fed on Corn' " .. . . .. 340Moat Dried in l~ussia........................ 418Penned Alive on the Great Lakes. 340

576 REPORT OF COM?tfI SSIONE R OF FISH AND F ISHERIES.

. Page.Sturge on Pickled. . ..... 469

P res erved iu Cold Storage 370,382, 384Produ cts D ri ed... . .. 417Smoked 501-503

Canned ... . . ........... . . ...... .... . . 540Suck er 180,1 81Sugar E mploye d in Brlne-aalting , . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .426Snkkwa n 75,116Sulp hides of Carbon used in Preservin g Fish . .. . . ... 561Sum mer H err ing .. .. .. . . .. . .. . .. . . . . . . 183Sunfish 182,1 86Sun P er ch ,. . . . . . .. . . . . 186Surge Bay . .. .. . . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. .. . .. . . 121, 128Suther land, J. B ., Patentee of R efriger at or Ca r . . .. .. .. 367Swede n, P res sed Sardines of.... ..... .. ..... . . .. . .... . 465Swedis h P ro cess of Picklin g Cod. .. .. .... .... . .. .. .. . 454

Sal ted Salm on.. ... ... .... .... ........ .... .. . 456Smoked Salmon . . .. .. .. .. .... . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .. 494

Swo r ol fish Brine·sa lted.......... ... ..... ... ... .... . ... 460Symphynota complanata i . , 291Tailor H erring . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .. 183

Shad 188T akn R i ver . . . .. . ..... 126T a mgas a H arbor _H + _ • un _ _ .. _ . 68Tautog h eld Al ive for Market 844,346T emperature for Cold Storage 881, 882T ench .. .. . . ... ... . .. ....... .... .. ...... ... ... . . .. . .. . . 182T err apins Canned.. ..... . . . . 540

Penned Alive on the G ulf of Mexico, et c . . 841, 857Tessell ated Dur ter ..... . .... .. . . .. .. . ... .. . . .. . . . .... .. 186T est Kettles used in Canning . . .. .. .. ... . . . .. .. .. . . ... 27ThinPoint "........ . . ..... . .. . . ... 171

Packing Company 17Thompson , Cathcar t . .. .. .. . . .. . . .. .. . . .. . ...... ...... 421'I' hor ne Bay , 68,100Thymol or 'I'hy ruate Salts used in P reservin g Fish . . . 502'I'id e-pool F is hes fr om K adiak I sland 189-1 92Tilefish , Measure me nt s an d 'Weigh ts of 880-832

Re appearance of . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . 321--333Sm oked. . . . . . . .. .. . . . 506

'!'in ca tiuca . . . .. .. ........ . . .. .. . .. ..... . . . .... . .. . . . . . 182T iu used for Salmon Ca ns. . ... . . 83Toadfish 187To ngass Narrows... . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. . 04

P acking Company . . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .... 10Tongs used in Mussel Fishing . .. . . ... .. .. . .. ... .... . . 293T opping Mach ine 25Trnp at Chign ik L agoon " " " 170T repangs Dried ... . .. .... ...... .. 418'J'ritigonia ve rrucosn -- -- __ u :. _ .. __ . : 291Trochocopus p ul cher , 417

Symphynota comp lanata ~ . . 291T ail or H erring..... .. . . . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . .. . . .. 183

Sh ad 188T akn R iver . .. ... . ... . 120Tamgas8 H arbor . . . _. _ __ n • __ • • • 68Tautog held Al ive for Market 844, 346Temperature for Cold Storage 881, 382T ench . .... . ... .. . . .. .... .. ..... .. 182T errapins CannelL . .... . . . ...... . . . . . . .. . .. . .. . .. ..... 540

Pen ned A live on th e G ulf of Mexico, etc . . 841,857T essellated D ur tor 186T est Ket t les used in Canning. . . .. ... ........ . . . ... ... 27ThinPoint ·. .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . .. . . .. . 171

Pack in g Company...... ... ..... .. ........ 17Thompson, Ca thear t 421Thorn e Bay - 68,100Thymol or 'I'hymate Salts used in P reservin g Fish .. . 502'I' Ide-pool F is hes from Kadiak I slan d. . . . 189-192Tilefish , Measlu ements and W eights of. 830-8 32

Re app ea ra nce of 321--333Smoked. . ... .. . 506

'!'in ca tinca. . . .. .. . . . .... .. . .. . . .. .. . .. .. ....... . . . .. . . 182Tin used for Salmon Cans. ... . . . 83Toadfish 187T ongass Narro ws . 64

P acking Company .. ... .. ... .. . .. .. .. .. .. .... 10Tongs used in Mussel F ishing ... . . .... .... . .. . . ... .. . 293T op pin g Mach ine.. . . .. ... .. . . .... . ... .... . . . .. . . .. . . . 25T rnp at Chignik Lagoon 170Trepan~s Dried ... . .. . ..... .... ... . . . . . .... .. ......... 4.18

P age.Unio gihbosus 282

luteolu s -. . . . .. .. .. . .. 285obes us . ... . . . . .. 283p li catus :.... . .... • . •••. 284prosacrus . . . . . . . . . ~88

subrostratue 283te tralas mus.. . . .. . ... . .. .... . . . . .. ... . . . . . . .. . .. . 288to rtivus .... . .. . . . .. .. .. .. . . .. .. .. . . . 283ven trlcosus 286

UranideagraeiHs 187Uy akAnchorage . .. ... . . . . . . .. .. .. ...... .. .. . . . .. .. . .. 158Var iegated Mi nnow . 184Ven us mercenaria ... .. . .. .. . . . . . ... . .. . ... . .... . ... .. . 552Vesse ls and Boats emp loye d by Al aska Salm on Can-

n eri es in 1896 a nd 1897.. . • . . .. . ...... .. . .. .. • • ....... 57-59. Vesse ls in Spring Mackerel Fish er y in 1898... .. .. .... 265

Vinegar, Pickling with 4.07-473Virginia Shad , . . . . . . . . . .. .. 188Vix en Bay . .. .... .. . ...... .. .. ...... . .. .. . . ..... ... .. . 62Wages in Bering Sea D istrict......... ....... ... . . .... 177

R eceived in Making Pearl Buttons..... ...... . 808Wall·ey ed Pike, Cold Storage of. 382W armouth 185W ashing of H erring. ...... .. .. .... ...... ... .. ... .. ... 449W at er·horsing Cod . . . .. . 893

Halibut for SmOking . .. . . . .. .. . .. ... .. 498Salm on for Smoki ng. .. .. .. .. .. . 4.98

W eight of Salmon 31, 169Well -smack a 341--348

Early u se of. .. . ...... . . . . .. .. . .. . .. . .. .. 841in H alibut Fish ery..... . ..... ....... ... . B41

Lobster Fishery . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . B48New York Mark et Fish ery. 842North Sea F ibheries . ... . . .. 849Red Snapper Fish ery.. ....... .. 848

W estern 'Alaska Company .. ... 17,Vhale Passage . .. . . ... . ... .. .. ..... ............. .. .... 106,VItale F les h, FOOl] Extract from. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .. . . .. 550Whitefish Brme-sa l ted 461-4 64

.Dressed for Mark et ... .......... .. ...... .... 360Freezin g of. 370-382Grades of. . • . .. .. .. . .. . . .. .. . 464P reserved Alive in Ponds.. . .. . . .. . .. 889Smok ed 491

Whi te Perc h .. . .. . . . ... . ... .. ... .... . ...... . . . .. . . . .. . 187Sucker . ... . .. .. .. . . ........... .. . .. .. ... .. . .. . . 181

Whiting... ..... ...... . . . .. 187Whi tm an Process of Cur ing F is h 422-424Wilcox, ,V. A ., on Drying Spiual Cords of Stu rgeon . . 417

Freezing F ish on P acific Coast.. . . . 883Salmon Canning on Pacific Coas t . 518-510

W ag es in Bering Sea D istriot..... ... 177R eceived in Making Pearl Buttons....... .. . . . 808

Wall·ey ed Pike, Cold Storage of..... . 382Warmouth 185W ashing of H erring .. . ... ......... .. ................. 449W ater·horsing Cod. .. .. . 893

Halibu t for SmOki ng. .. . . .. . .. .. ...... 498Salm on for Smoki ng. .. . .. .. . . . . 4.98

,Veight of Salmon 31, 169W ell .smacks 841--348

E arl y u se of. ...... .. ... . • . 341in Halibut Fishery ... ..... . ... ... ..... .. B41

Lo bster Fishery. B48New York Ma rket Fishery . 842North Sea Fibherics...... 349R ed Snapper Fish ery . . . . . .. .. . .. 848

W estern 'Alaska Company.. . .. 17Whale Passage . .... . .. . . .... 106,VIt al e F les h, Food Extract froID.... . . . . . . . . ..... . . . .. 550Whitefish Brmo-salted 461-4 64

.Dressed for Mark et. ........... . ... ..... . .. . 860F r eezin g of. .. . . .. ... . .. . . . . .. . . . . . . . .. 370- 882Grades of. .. .. ... .. . .. . ... .. .. . . . .. .. . 4.64P re served Alive in Ponds . . .. . . . . . . . . • . . . .• 889Smoked .. . .. . . . .. . .. ... .. . . . ... .. . .. .. .. . .. 491

Whi te Peroll...... . . .......... . . . .. .. .... . . .. ......... 187Sucker. .... . .. . .. . . .. .. ..... ... . . . . .. . . . .. . .. .. 181

Whiting. ............. . .. . . . . . . .. .. ... . .. . . . .... . .. 187Whitm an Process of Cur ing Ftsh 422-424Wilcox. W . A... on Drvln e Sniu nl Cords of Sf,urrrwm __ 41 7