more information? mallan@doct.ulg.ac.be nathalie.fagel@ulg.ac.be ages.ulg.ac.be
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More information?mallan@doct.ulg.ac.be
nathalie.fagel@ulg.ac.bewww.ages.ulg.ac.be
Mohammed Allan a, Gaël Le Roux b, c, François De Vleeschouwer b, c, Nathalie Fagel a
a AGEs, Département de Géologie, Université de Liège, Allée du 6 Août, B18 Sart Tilman B-4000, Liège, Belgium; b Université de Toulouse ; INP, UPS; EcoLab; ENSAT, Avenue de l’Agrobiopole, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France ; c CNRS; EcoLab; 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
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Localisation AimsTo determine the extent of atmospheric TM contamination, it is necessary to identify the main past and present sources of TM emissions. Peat bogs have a great potential to record anthropogenic inputs via their constituting mosses, because they draw their nutrients only from the atmosphere. We determine precisely the chemical depth-profiles of V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Sb, Pb, and Pb isotopes, in a high resolution peat-sampled sequence. We investigate possible mobility of TM by comparing some elements (Pb, Cu, Ni, Cr, V, and Zn) with another high-resolution peat sequence. By coupling cluster analyses and Pb isotopes, we identify TM relationships and sources since the last 200 years. We finally compare our results with previous investigation in a low resolution peat core focused on Pb in the same area (De Vleeschouwer et al., 2007) and in Western Europe.
Material
• Peat cores were collected in 2008.•Ages of top layers were calculated using 210Pb decay and the CRS model (Appleby, 2001). 14C measurements were performed with NEC 0.5MV Pelletron spectrometer in Poznan Radiocarbon Laboratory, Poland. An age model was obtained by combining the results with the 210Pb..•The concentrations of major and trace elements were measured by ICP-MS, at the Paul Sabatier University-Toulouse, France.•Lead isotope ratios were measured on a MC-ICP-MS (DSTE, University of Brussels).
Res
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We thank the Walloon Region as well as the F.N.R.S for funding this project. We also thank all personnel who participated in this project.
•The Misten peat bog is heavily polluted in metals and metalloids•The main trends in TM concentration profiles suggest common sources of these elements and support the view that TM (except Zn and Cd) are immobile in peat. Other TM are highly enriched in peat surface layers and may indicate that they are carried on by large unweathered particles. •The lead isotope data and statistic methods were used to identify the independent historical TM sources.•Industrial Revolution is characterized by different sources such as regional Pb ore mining, coal combustion and steel industry (“Sillon Sambre et Meuse”), which declined during the sixties-seventies.• Pb isotopes in the top layers fingerprint a secondary recent source, which remains to be identified. C
oncl
usi
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Atmospheric deposition of trace metals and metalloids recorded by Misten peat (Hautes-Fagnes, Belgium) during the Industrial Revolution
Acknowledgements
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0 500 1000Pb (µg.g-1)
0 200 400Zn (µg.g-1)
0 8 16
Ni (µg.g-1)
0 8 16
Sb (µg g-1)
0 25 50
Cu (µg.g-1)
0 400 800Ti (µg.g-1)
1,14 1,16 1,18206Pb/207Pb
0 15 30V (µg.g-1)
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35
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0 30 60Cr (µg.g-1)
0 3200 6400Al (µg.g-1)
0 8 16
As (µg g-1)
Dep
th (c
m)
Dep
th (c
m)
Dep
th (c
m)
1975-1985
1976-1984
1923-1938
1932-1941
1983-1991
1975-1985
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0,0 0,1 0,2Density (g.cm-3)
0,0 0,2 0,4 0,6Sc (µg.g-1)
0 9 18Cd (µg.g-1)
0,0 1,2 2,4Co (µg.g-1)
Min
igac
tivity
(Pb
-Zn)
Min
igac
tivity
(Pb
-Zn)
0,0 1,5 3,0
As flux (mg m-2 yr-1)
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20100,0 1,5 3,0
Coa
l pro
duct
ion
Smel
ter
, Ref
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yp
rodu
ctio
n
0 5 10
Cu flux (mg m-2 yr-1)
0 1 2
Sb flux (mg m-2 yr-1)
0 2 4
Ni flux (mg m-2 yr-1)
1410
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Pb flux (mg m-2 yr-1)
0 60 120Zn flux (mg m-2 yr-1)
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enda
rA
ge A
D
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20100 5 10Cr flux (mg m-2 yr-1)
0 4 8V flux (mg m-2 yr-1)
0,0 0,3 0,6Co flux (mg m-2 yr-1)
0 3 6Cd flux (mg m-2 yr-1)
Cal
enda
rA
ge A
D
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Coa
l pro
duct
ion
Smel
ter
, Ref
iner
yp
rodu
ctio
n
Bel
gium
pollu
tion
so
urce
s B
elgi
umpo
llutio
n
sour
ces
Ben
zene
Ben
zene
Profiles of major and trace element concentration (µg g-1), 206Pb/207Pb ratios, and bulk density (g.cm-3) versus depth. Black line corresponds to TM concentration measured in 01W core and gray line some TM concentration measured in 06W core
Calculated total atmospheric fluxes (in mg. m-2. yr-1) of Pb, Cu, Sb, Ni, As, Cr, V, Co, Cd and Zn for the Misten peat bog core 01W.
Zn f
lux
Cd
flu
x
Cr
flu
x
Co
flu
x
Cu
flu
x
Pb f
lux
As flu
x
V f
lux
Sb f
lux
Ni fl
ux
0
0,1
0,2
0,3
0,4
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0,8
0,9
1
Sim
ila
rit
y
Dendrogram
Zn Cr
Cu
Pb
Cd
As
Ni
0
0,1
0,2
0,3
0,4
0,5
0,6
0,7
0,8
0,9
1
Sim
ila
rit
y
Dendrogram
c d
Zn f
lux
Cu
flu
x
Ti fl
ux
Pb f
lux
Cr
flu
x
V f
lux
Al fl
ux
Ni fl
ux
Hg
flu
x
Sb f
lux
As flu
x
Co
flu
x
Cd
flu
x
0
0,1
0,2
0,3
0,4
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0,6
0,7
0,8
0,9
1
Sim
ila
rit
y
Dendrogram
As
flu
x
Ti fl
ux
Al fl
ux
Pb
flu
x
Cu
flu
x
Sb
flu
x
Hg
flu
x
Co
flu
x
V fl
ux
Ni fl
ux
Cr
flu
x
Zn
flu
x
Cd
flu
x
0
0,1
0,2
0,3
0,4
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0,7
0,8
0,9
1
Sim
ila
rit
y
Dendrogram
ba
Dendogram for AR of TM, Ti and Al in the Misten peat bog for different periods. a) AR of TM, Ti and Al measured between 1400 and 1700 AD, b) AR of TM, Ti and Al measured over the Industrial Revolution, c) AR of TM, Ti and Al measured for the interval between 1990 and 2008, d) TM emissions measured in Walloon region between 1990 and 2008.
Dep
th (
cm)
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