acrochaetium - icm-csic · – acrochaetium secundatum map 11. – acrochaetium sp. map 12. –...

MAP 2. – Stylonema cornu-cerviMAP 1. – Stylonema alsidii MAP 3. – Porphyra capensis

MAP 5. – Porphyra sp.MAP 4. – Porphyra saldanhae MAP 6. – Acrochaetium catenulatum

MAP 8. – Acrochaetium endophyticumMAP 7. – Acrochaetium daviesii MAP 9. – Acrochaetium reductum

MARINE BENTHIC ALGAE OF NAMIBIA 231

232 J. RULL LLUCH

MAP 11. – Acrochaetium sp.MAP 10. – Acrochaetium secundatum MAP 12. – Rhodothamniella floridula

MAP 14. – Gelidium pusillumMAP 13. – Nothogenia erinacea MAP 15. – Suhria vittata

MAP 17. – Aeodes orbitosaMAP 16. – Gracilariopsis longissima MAP 18. – Grateloupia doryphora


MAP 20. – Pachymenia carnosaMAP 19. – Grateloupia filicina MAP 21. – Phyllymenia belangeri

MAP 23. – Hildenbrandia rubraMAP 22. – Hildenbrandia crouanii MAP 24. – Corallina sp.

MAP 26. – Melobesia membranaceaMAP 25. – Lithophyllum neoatalayense MAP 27. – Synarthrophyton munimentum

234 J. RULL LLUCH

MAP 29. – Caulacanthus ustulatusMAP 28. – Corallinaceae ind. MAP 30. – Heringia mirabilis

MAP 32. – Gigartina bracteataMAP 31. – Rhodophyllis reptans MAP 33. – Mazzaella capensis

MAP 35. – Hypnea spiciferaMAP 34. – Hypnea ecklonii MAP 36. – Hypnea sp.


MAP 38. – Ahnfeltiopsis glomerataMAP 37. – Kallymenia schizophylla MAP 39. – Ahnfeltiopsis vermicularis

MAP 41. – Gymnogongrus sp.MAP 40. – Gymnogongrus dilatatus MAP 42. – Schizymenia apoda

MAP 44. – Plocamium rigidumMAP 43. – Plocamium glomeratum MAP 45. – Gastroclonium reflexum

236 J. RULL LLUCH

MAP 47. – Rhodymenia natalensisMAP 46. – Rhodymenia capensis MAP 48. – Rhodymenia obtusa

MAP 50. – Aglaothamnion hookeriMAP 49. – Rhodymeniaceae ind. MAP 51. – Antithamnion diminuatum var.diminuatum

MAP 53. – Antithamnion secundumMAP 52. – Antithamnion diminuatum var.polyglandulum

MAP 54. – Antithamnionella verticillata


MAP 56. – Ballia sertularioidesMAP 55. – Aristothamnion collabens MAP 57. – Bornetia repens

MAP 59. – Centroceras clavulatumMAP 58. – Carpoblepharis minima MAP 60. – Ceramium arenarium

MAP 62. – Ceramium flaccidumMAP 61. – Ceramium atrorubescens MAP 63. – Ceramium planum

238 J. RULL LLUCH

MAP 65. – Griffithsia confervoidesMAP 64. – Ceramium sp. MAP 66. – Microcladia gloria-spei

MAP 68. – Ptilothamnion polysporumMAP 67. – Pleonosporium filicinum MAP 69. – Heterosiphonia crispella

MAP 71. – Acrosorium cincinnatumMAP 70. – Heterosiphonia dubia MAP 72. – Myriogramme livida


MAP 74. – Delesseriaceae ind. 1MAP 73. – Platysiphonia intermedia MAP 75. – Delesseriaceae ind. 2

MAP 77. – Ophidocladus simpliciusculusMAP 76. – Chondria capensis MAP 78. – Placophora binderi

MAP 80. – Polysiphonia namibiensisMAP 79. – Polysiphonia incompta MAP 81. – Polysiphonia nigra

240 J. RULL LLUCH

MAP 83. – Polysiphonia virgataMAP 82. – Polysiphonia scopulorum MAP 84. – Pterosiphonia complanata

MAP 86. – Streblocladia camptocladaMAP 85. – Pterosiphonia cf. dendroidea MAP 87. – Streblocladia corymbifera

MAP 89. – Aiolocolax pulchellusMAP 88. – Tayloriella tenebrosa MAP 90. – Ectocarpus fasciculatus


MAP 92. – Hincksia granulosaMAP 91. – Feldmannia irregularis MAP 93. – Bachelotia antillarum

MAP 95. – Ralfsia expansaMAP 94. – Hapalospongidion sp. MAP 96. – Stragularia clavata

MAP 98. – Petalonia fasciaMAP 97. – Chordariopsis capensis MAP 99. – Laminaria pallida

242 J. RULL LLUCH

MAP 101. – Ulvella lensMAP 100. – Entocladia leptochaete MAP 102. – Enteromorpha flexuosa

MAP 104. – Enteromorpha linzaMAP 103. – Enteromorpha intestinalis MAP 105. – Ulva capensis

MAP 107. – Ulva rigidaMAP 106. – Ulva fasciata MAP 108. – Chaetomorpha aerea


MAP 110. – Cladophora capensisMAP 109. – Chaetomorpha robusta MAP 111. – Cladophora flagelliformis

MAP 113. – Bryopsis hypnoidesMAP 112. – Cladophora hospita MAP 114. – Codium decorticatum

MAP 115. – Codium fragile subsp. capense

KEYS TO THE GENERA

RHODOPHYTA

1. Plants heavily calcified ..............................................................................................................................21. Plants uncalcified or with devil calcification...........................................................................................10

2. Plants crustose, non articulated..................................................................................................................32. Plants articulated, with axes composed of uncalcified genicula and calcified intergenicula ....................9

3. Tetrasporangia cruciately divided ..............................................................................................Heydrichia3. Tetrasporangia zonately divided ................................................................................................................4

4. Cells joined by secondary pit connections .............................................................................Lithophyllum4. Cells joined by cell fusions........................................................................................................................5

5. Sporangial conceptacles uniporate ...............................................................................................Spongites5. Sporangial conceptacles multiporate .........................................................................................................6

6. Structure dimerous ......................................................................................................................Melobesia6. Structure monomerous ...............................................................................................................................7

7. Medulla coaxial..........................................................................................................................................87. Medulla not coaxial.................................................................................................................Leptophytum

8. Spermatangial filaments unbranched .....................................................................................Mesophyllum8. Spermatangial filaments mostly branched ........................................................................Synarthrophyton

9. Plants pinnately branched throughout; fertile intergenicula usually not bearing further ramifications .....................................................................................................................Corallina

9. Plants pinnately branched in sterile parts and dichotomously in fertile parts; fertile intergenicula usually at the base of a dichotomy .....................................................................Arthocardia

10. Plants crustose..........................................................................................................................................1110. Plants of another form..............................................................................................................................14

11. Plants epiphytic, forming microscopic crusts ..........................................................................................1211. Plants epilithic, forming macroscopic crusts ...........................................................................................13

12. Crusts circular, with a continuous margin ....................................................................................Sahlingia12. Crusts consisting of branched radial filaments having free ends ..........................................Erythrocladia

13. Tetrasporangia in conceptacles.............................................................................................Hildenbrandia13. Tetrasporangia in sori.............................................................................................................Haematocelis

14. Plants consisting of horizontally expanded blades ..................................................................................1514. Plants otherwise .......................................................................................................................................16

15. Blades consisting of laterally coalesced polysiphonous filaments, showing in cross section groups of an axial cell and five pericentral cells; reproductive structures in erect branches............................................................................................................................Placophora

15. Blades lacking a polysiphonous structure; reproductive structures in nemathecia ......................................................................................................................................................................................Peyssonnelia


16. Plants consisting wholly or in part of hollow cavities.............................................................................1716. Plants of another form..............................................................................................................................21

17. Plants consisting of sessile bladders; secretory cells absent .....................................................Nothogenia17. Plants otherwise; secretory cells present .................................................................................................18

18. Plants composed of a solid stipe bearing constricted hollow branches with internal septation ..................................................................................................................Gastroclonium

18. Plants lacking a solid stipe; axes hollow throughout...............................................................................19

19. Axes with internal monostromatic septa at regular intervals...................................................................2019. Axes without internal monostromatic septa ..............................................................................Lomentaria

20. Segments usually shorter than broad; cystocarps with ostiole......................................................Champia20. Segments usually longer than broad; cystocarps without ostiole ............................................Chylocladia

21. Plants foliaceous or flattened ...................................................................................................................2221. Plants of another form..............................................................................................................................54

22. Blades monostromatic throughout ...........................................................................................................2322. Blades at least in part polystromatic........................................................................................................24

23. Plants less than 1 cm in length; blades linear, thin, less than 50 µm thick ..........................Erythrotrichia23. Plants more than 1 cm in length; blades orbicular or lanceolate, more than 50 µm thick ...........Porphyra

24. Blades only polystromatic at midrib, veins or reproductive areas ..........................................................2524. Blades polystromatic throughout .............................................................................................................28

25. Blades with a well developed midrib and macroscopic lateral veins.........................................Delesseria25. Blades without midrib or only with a faint midrib in the proximal parts ...............................................26

26. Carposporangia in chains or groups; macroscopic veins present .........................................Myriogramme26. Carposporangia terminal; macroscopic veins absent...............................................................................27

27. Microscopic veins present .........................................................................................................Acrosorium27. Microscopic veins absent..................................................................................................Haraldiophyllum

28. Blades completely pseudo-parenchymatous ............................................................................................2928. Blades with a filamentous medulla or with a medulla mixed pseudo-parenchyma and filaments .........38

29. Blades in cross section with a regular pattern of horizontal and vertical cell rows ................................3029. Blades in cross section otherwise ............................................................................................................32

30. Tetrasporangial sori scattered directly over blade surface..........................................................Hymenena30. Tetrasporangial sori located on proliferations or restricted to the blade margins ...................................31

31. Cystocarps developed on small proliferations arising from the blade surface or margins..Botryoglossum31. Cystocarps scattered over blade surface.................................................................................Cryptopleura

32. Blades in cross section with cells arranged in horizontal rows but not in regular vertical rows ..........................................................................................................................Neuroglossum

32. Blades in cross section with cells irregularly arranged ...........................................................................33

248 J. RULL LLUCH

33. Medulla consisting of a mixture of very large and much smaller cells ..................................Botryocarpa33. Medulla consisting of cells of more or less uniform size........................................................................34

34. Medulla little developed; cortical cells 10-20 µm in diameter; tetrasporangia zonately divided ......................................................................................................................Rhodophyllis

34. Medulla well developed, thicker; cortical cells smaller; tetrasporangia cruciately divided....................35

35. Tetrasporangia developed in crustose plants (heteromorphic life-history).............................Ahnfeltiopsis35. Tetrasporangia developed in erect flattened plants ..................................................................................36

36. Tetrasporangia formed in wart-like nemathecia..................................................................Gymnogongrus36. Tetrasporangia formed in sori on the blade surface or on small foliaceous proliferations .....................37

37. Tetrasporangia placed in rows ......................................................................................................Schottera37. Tetrasporangia not placed in rows ...........................................................................................Rhodymenia

38. Medulla consisting of large pseudo-parenchymatous cells and intermixed narrower filaments or rhizines.................................................................................................................................39

38. Medulla completely filamentous..............................................................................................................45

39. Medulla with large stellate cells of dense contents .................................................................................4039. Medulla without stellate cells ..................................................................................................................41

40. Medulla largely filamentous with some large cells...................................................................Kallymenia40. Central medulla filamentous and outer medulla mixed pseudo-parenchymatous

and filamentous ....................................................................................................................Thamnophyllis

41. Rhizines present .......................................................................................................................................4241. Rhizines absent ........................................................................................................................................44

42. Blades up to 1 cm broad, with numerous marginal prolifarations....................................................Suhria42. Blades narrower than 5 mm; proliferations occasional or absent............................................................43

43. Blades with a differentiate midrib ..................................................................................................Onikusa43. Blades without midrib ...................................................................................................................Gelidium

44. Medulla consisting of 1-2 layers of large cells with intermixed filaments.....................................Pugetia44. Medulla consisting of several layers of large cells with intermixed filaments....................Thamnophyllis

45. Blades papery, with numerous proliferations both from the blade margins and surface..........Nothogenia45. Blades not as above..................................................................................................................................46

46. Cortex with gland cells ............................................................................................................Schizymenia46. Cortex without gland cells .......................................................................................................................47

47. Tetrasporangia evenly scattered over blade surface.................................................................................4847. Tetrasporangia formed in inner cortical or medullary sori ......................................................................52

48. Blades with a reticulate pattern of grooves and ridges............................................................Phyllymenia48. Blades with a smooth surface ..................................................................................................................49

49. Cortex thick, consisting of long anticlinal cell rows (10 or more cells); medulla


of densely interwoven filaments ...............................................................................................Pachymenia49. Cortex usually thinner, with shorter anticlinal cell rows (up to 8 cells) or with cells

not arranged in distinct rows; medulla of rather loosely interwoven filaments ......................................50

50. Cortical cells not arranged in distinct rows ............................................................................Cryptonemia50. Cortical cells arranged in short anticlinal rows .......................................................................................51

51. Blades broad and irregularly lobed ..................................................................................................Aeodes51. Blades linear or lanceolate, simple or with proliferations .......................................................Grateloupia

52. Cystocarps immersed in the blade...............................................................................................Mazzaella52. Cystocarps formed in special proliferations (papillae) of the blade........................................................53

53. Gonimoblast filaments displacing the envelope surrounding the gonimoblast initials.............Sarcothalia53. Gonimoblast filaments penetrating between cells of the envelope surrounding

the gonimoblast initials ................................................................................................................Gigartina

54. Plants consisting of compressed axes ......................................................................................................5554. Plants filamentous or consisting of solid terete axes ...............................................................................66

55. In cross section a central cell clearly differentiated ................................................................................5655. In cross section a central cell not clearly differentiated ..........................................................................61

56. Plants with a special branching pattern of alternating groups of branchlets in a pectinate series ...........................................................................................................................Plocamium

56. Plants with a branching pattern not as above ..........................................................................................57

57. In cross section, central cell surrounded by 4-9 pericentral cells............................................................5857. In cross section, central cell not surrounded by pericentral cells .................................................Heringia

58. Pericentral cells 4...................................................................................................................Platysiphonia58. Pericentral cells 6-9..................................................................................................................................59

59. Pericentral cells 6................................................................................................................Carpoblepharis59. Pericentral cells 8-9..................................................................................................................................60

60. In longitudinal section, pericentral cells shorter than axial cells; axes corticated...................Microcladia60. In longitudinal section, pericentral cells as long as axial cells; axes ecorticated .................Pterosiphonia

61. Medulla pseudo-parenchymatous with or without rhizines.....................................................................6261. Medulla filamentous or mixed pseudo-parenchymatous and filamentous ..............................................64

62. Rhizines present in medulla and/or subcortex ..............................................................................Gelidium62. Rhizines absent ........................................................................................................................................63

63. Plants tough, wiry; tetrasporangia in swollen axes apices ............................................................Heringia63. Plants stiffly cartilagineous; tetrasporangia immersed in axes not particularly swollen.....Trematocarpus

64. Axes dichotomously branched.......................................................................................................Polyopes64. Axes pinnately branched..........................................................................................................................65

65. Tetrasporangia in immersed sori .......................................................................................Chondracanthus

250 J. RULL LLUCH

65. Tetrasporangia scattered ...........................................................................................................Grateloupia

66. Plants consisting of solid terete axes; polysiphonous structure, if present, not clearly distinguishable .......6766. Plants filamentous, uniseriate or with a clearly polysiphonous structure; cortication present or absent ......78

67. In cross section a central cell clearly differentiated ................................................................................6867. In cross section a central cell not clearly differentiated ..........................................................................70

68. In longitudinal section, each cell of the central filament bearing two laterals inserted at slightly different heights and set at about right angles......................................................Caulacanthus

68. In longitudinal section structure not as above .........................................................................................69

69. Axes dichotomously branched.......................................................................................................Heringia69. Axes irregularly branched................................................................................................................Hypnea

70. Medulla filamentous ..................................................................................................................Sarcothalia70. Medulla pseudo-parenchymatous.............................................................................................................71

71. Main branching pattern of the plant dichotomous...................................................................................7271. Branching pattern irregular ......................................................................................................................75

72. Cells of central medulla smaller than those of the outer medulla and subcortex; tetrasporangia zonate............................................................................................................Trematocarpus

72. Cells of the central medulla more or less of the same size or larger than those of the outer medulla and subcortex; tetrasporangia zonate or cruciate........................................................73

73. Tetrasporangia zonate ....................................................................................................................Heringia73. Tetrasporangia cruciate ............................................................................................................................74

74. Tetrasporangia developed in crustose plants (heteromorphic life-history).............................Ahnfeltiopsis74. Tetrasporangia developed in erect plants (in wart-like nemathecia)...................................Gymnogongrus

75. In cross section, medullary cells rarely over 200 µm in greater diameter...............................................7675. In cross section, medullary cells up to 500 µm in greater diameter........................................................77

76. Tetrasporangia zonately divided ......................................................................................................Hypnea76. Tetrasporangia tetrahedrally divided ............................................................................................Chondria

77. Cystocarps with tubular nutritive cells connecting the gonimoblast with the pericarp..............Gracilaria77. Cystocarps without this sort of nutritive cells ......................................................................Gracilariopsis

78. Plants consisting of uniseriate filaments, either corticate or ecorticate...................................................7978. Plants with a clearly polysiphonous structure .......................................................................................101

79. Plants largely parasitic on other algae (only the reproductive structures external).................................8079. Plants not obviously parasitic ..................................................................................................................81

80. Reproductive structures multicellular, more or less conical or elliptic in shape; plants growing on Polysiphonia scopulorum ........................................................................................Aiolocolax

80. Reproductive structures unicellular; plants growing on several algae, mainly on Ceramiaceae......................................................................................................................Acrochaetium

81. Cells without pit connections...................................................................................................................82


81. Cells with pit connections........................................................................................................................83

82. Plants consisting of uniseriate or irregularly arranged cells within a thick gelatinous sheath ...Stylonema82. Plants strictly uniseriate, lacking a gelatinous sheath...........................................................Erythrotrichia

83. Plants less than 1 cm in height, consisting of filaments usually less than 20 µm in diameter; reproduction mainly by monospores .......................................................................................84

83. Plants usually more than 1 cm in height, consisting of filaments often more than 20 µm in diameter (up to several hundred µm); reproduction mainly by tetraspores (monospores little frequent) .....................................................................................................................85

84. Cells with one plastid and a pyrenoid.............................................Acrochaetium (Colaconema included)84. Cells with more than one plastids and without pyrenoids .......................................................Audouinella

85. Filaments corticated; cortication developed from a ring of pericentral cells ..........................................8685. Filaments uncorticated or with a rhizoidal cortication ............................................................................87

86. Cortication complete; cortical cells rectangular or square, regularly arranged in straight longitudinal rows ......................................................................................................................Centroceras

86. Cortication complete or incomplete and thus showing cortical nodal bands and ecorticate internodal bands; cortical cells not regularly arranged in straight longitudinal rows ................Ceramium

87. Filaments uncorticated throughout...........................................................................................................8887. Filaments with a more or less extensive rhizoidal cortication.................................................................96

88. Plants clearly differentiated into prostrate and erect filaments ...............................................................8988. Plants mainly erect; prostrate filaments little developed or lacking........................................................91

89. Tetrasporophyte developing directly from the fertilized carpogonium, lacking carposporophyte...................................................................................................Rhodothamniella

89. Carposporophyte present..........................................................................................................................90

90. Carposporophyte surrounded by involucral filaments ..........................................................Ptilothamnion90. Carposporophyte not surrounded by involucral filaments...................................................Lomathamnion

91. Main axis with two or more laterals per cell ...........................................................................................9291. Main axis with one lateral per cell, or plants with a dichotomous branching pattern ............................94

92. Main axis with two laterals per cell.........................................................................................................9392. Main axis with three or more laterals per cell .................................................................Antithamnionella

93. Apex of main axis over 50 µm in diameter; gland cells absent.........................................................Ballia93. Apex of main axis less than 20 µm in diameter; gland cells usually present........................Antithamnion

94. Branching secund .....................................................................................................................Anotrichium94. Branching dichotomous ...........................................................................................................................95

95. Reproductive structures in compact branch systems, lateral on the filaments ..............................Bornetia95. Reproductive structures in whorls on subapical cells (male and tetrasporangial),

or terminal (female) .....................................................................................................................Griffithsia

96. Laterals alternate and distichously arranged............................................................................................97

252 J. RULL LLUCH

96. Laterals spirally arranged.........................................................................................................................99

97. Determinate laterals unbranched or once or twice forked at the proximal end............................Euptilota97. Determinate laterals pinnately branched..................................................................................................98

98. Cells uninucleate; rhizoidal filaments not forming secondary connections to other cells; carposporophyte without involucral filaments ....................................................................Aglaothamnion

98. Cells multinucleate; rhizoidal filaments forming conspicuous secondary connections to other cells; carposporophyte with involucral filaments ..................................................Pleonosporium

99. Carposporophyte with involucral filaments.........................................................................Pleonosporium99. Carposporophyte without involucral filaments ......................................................................................100

100.Tetrasporophyte forming polysporangia instead of tetrasporangia.....................................Aristothamnion100.Tetrasporophyte forming tetrasporangia (sometimes bisporangia).....................................Aglaothamnion

101.Branching sympodial, at regular intervals the main axis developing into a pseudolateral; pseudolaterals often in part uniseriate, pigmented ................................................................................102

101.Branching monopodial; uniseriate filaments (trichoblasts), if present, usually colourless ...................103

102.Pseudolaterals spirally arranged, arising from every segment of the polysiphonous main axis.......Dasya102.Pseudolaterals distichously arranged, arising at intervals of two or more segments..........Heterosiphonia

103.Polysiphonous nature of plant completely obscured by cortication; axes with 5 pericentral cells;............................................................................................................................Chondria

103.Polysiphonous nature visible at least in distal parts of the plant; axes with 4 or more pericentral cells ......................................................................................................................................104

104.Pericentral cells transversely divided ..........................................................................................Bostrichia104.Pericentral cells not transversely divided ..............................................................................................105

105.Main axes bearing determinate and indeterminate laterals in more or less regular sequence, mostly with 3 determinate laterals between successive indeterminate laterals ...................Herposiphonia

105.Branching pattern not as above..............................................................................................................106

106.Plants with relatively extensive prostrate axes from which several relatively short erect axes arise....107106.Plants mainly erect, although relatively short prostrate axes may occur ..............................................108

107.Pericentral cells 4; one tetrasporangium per segment.............................................................Polysiphonia107.Pericentral cells 12-28; two tetrasporangia per segment.......................................................Ophidocladus

108.Axes with determinate laterals at intervals of 2-3(-4) segments, alternate and distichously arranged in the lower half of the plant and spirally arranged in the upper part ........................Tayloriella

108.Branching pattern not as above..............................................................................................................109

109.Apical zone of the plant with branch initials and trichoblasts unilaterally arranged, adaxial; first pericentral cell cut off opposite a lateral branch.............................................................Streblocladia

109.Apical zone of the plant with branch initials and trichoblasts spirally arranged; first pericentral cell cut off directly underneath a lateral branch ...................................................Polysiphonia


CHROMOPHYTA (PHAEOPHYCEAE)

1. Plants crustose, without free erect parts ....................................................................................................21. Plants with free erect parts.........................................................................................................................5

2. Plants leathery; erect filaments more or less firmly adherent, not separating under slight pressure ........32. Plants gelatinous; erect filaments loosely adherent and easily separating under slight pressure..............4

3. Erect filaments curved at base and heavily adjoined, almost impossible to separate under pressure ...................................................................................................................................Ralfsia

3. Erect filaments vertically directed and moderately adjoined, separating somewhat under pressure ............................................................................................................................Stragularia

4. Cells with several discoid plastids ...............................................................................................Basispora4. Cells with one to few laminate plastids .........................................................................Hapalospongidion

5. Plants consisting mainly of uniseriate filaments........................................................................................65. Plants with a more complex structure........................................................................................................9

6. Cells with plastids arranged in stellate groups; sporangia intercalary ...................................... Bachelotia6. Plastids not as above; sporangia lateral or terminal ..................................................................................7

7. Plastids elongate (ribbon shaped), each with several pyrenoids ...............................................Ectocarpus7. Plastids discoid or ovoid, each with usually one pyrenoid........................................................................8

8. Meristematic zones usually located at the base of long, unbranched filaments.......................Feldmannia8. Meristematic zones scattered throughout the plant .......................................................................Hincksia

9. Plants irregularly globose.........................................................................................................................109. Plants of another form..............................................................................................................................11

10. Plants pseudo-parenchymatous in structure, easily squashed into constituent filaments under pressure...............................................................................................................Leathesia

10. Plants parenchymatous in structure, not squashed into constituent filaments...............................................................................................................................................................................................Colpomenia

11. Plants tubular, unbranched, constricted at intervals .................................................................Scytosiphon11. Plants of another form..............................................................................................................................12

12. Plants foliose or with flattened parts .......................................................................................................1312. Plants without flattened parts...................................................................................................................18

13. Plants consisting of simple and more or less lanceolate blades shortly stipitate ....................................1413. Plants of another form..............................................................................................................................15

14. Central medulla loosely filamentous ........................................................................................Endarachne14. Central medulla mainly parenchymatous .....................................................................................Petalonia

15. Plants consisting of fan-shaped blades ...........................................................................................Zonaria15. Plants of another form..............................................................................................................................16

16. Plants differentiated into a rhizomatous holdfast, a more or less long cylindrical stipe and

254 J. RULL LLUCH

a terminal blade........................................................................................................................................1716. Plants not so differentiated, consisting of shortly stipitate flattened axes,

once or twice pinnately branched, and with midrib and lateral veins .....................................Desmarestia

17. Terminal blade palmate ...............................................................................................................Laminaria17. Terminal blade compound and pinnate..........................................................................................Ecklonia

18. Ultimate branches clearly polysiphonous, with a relatively large apical cell..........................Stypocaulon18. Ultimate branches not polysiphonous; apical cell not so large ...............................................................19

19. Plants with a soft, filamentous central core and a mantle of free assimilatory filaments .......................2019. Plants solid, without emergent free assimilatory filaments .....................................................................21

20. Axes 4-6(-9) mm in diameter; central core rather loose ...........................................................Myriogloea20. Axes 2-3 mm in diameter; central core fairly solid..............................................................Papenfussiella

21. Axes less than 1 mm in diameter, bearing many laterals usually unbranched........................................2221. Axes more than 1 mm in diameter (up to 1 cm); laterals not especially plentiful or crowded ..Splachnidium

22. Cortex compact; paraphyses unicellular ...............................................................................Chordariopsis22. Cortex consisting of loose assimilatory filaments; paraphyses multicellular .............................Chordaria

CHLOROPHYTA (ULVOPHYCEAE, CLADOPHOROPHYCEAE AND BRYOPSIDOPHYCEAE)

1. Plants microscopic, consisting of prostrate, branched uniseriate filaments, sometimes forming pseudo-parenchymatous discs....................................................................................................................2

1. Plants macroscopic, filamentous, pseudo-prenchymatous or parenchymatous.........................................4

2. Plants forming pseudo-parenchymatous discs consisting of radiating filaments more or less laterally confluent ...............................................................................................................................3

2. Plants not forming discs; filaments not confluent......................................................................Entocladia

3. Radiating filaments laterally confluent throughout, forming regular discs .....................................Ulvella3. Radiating filaments distally free; discs less regular ..................................................................Stromatella

4. Plants filamentous ......................................................................................................................................54. Plants with a pseudo-parenchymatous or parenchymatous structure ........................................................8

5. Plants consisting of uniseriate filaments, either branched or unbranched.................................................65. Plants consisting of coenocytic filaments ..................................................................................................7

6. Filaments unbranched ..........................................................................................................Chaetomorpha6. Filaments branched ...................................................................................................................Cladophora

7. Plants forming soft tufts of loosely branched filaments arising from a prostrate system of interwoven filaments; reproductive cells formed in lateral outgrowths of filaments .............Pedobesia

7. Plants bushy or caespitose, with the erect axes wholly or partially clothed with small branchlets either distichous or spirally arranged; reproductive cells formed in the ultimate branchlets ...................................................................................................................Bryopsis

8. Plants internally differentiated into a medulla of interwoven, coenocytic, colourless


filaments and a peripheral cortex of pigmented utricles (swollen filament ends) bearing hairs and gametangia..........................................................................................................Codium

8. Plants not so differentiated.........................................................................................................................9

9. Plants foliaceous, distromatic throughout ............................................................................................Ulva9. Plants tubular and hollow, at least near the base and margins .............................................Enteromorpha

256 J. RULL LLUCH


Acrochaetium catenulatum 38Acrochaetium daviesii 39Acrochaetium endophyticum 40Acrochaetium reductum 41Acrochaetium secundatum 41Acrochaetium sp. 43Acrosorium cincinnatum 130Aeodes orbitosa 53Aglaothamnion hookeri 103Ahnfeltiopsis glomerata 84Ahnfeltiopsis vermicularis 85Aiolocolax pulchellus 160Antithamnion diminuatum

var. diminuatum 104var. polyglandulum 105

Antithamnion secundum 106Antithamnionella verticillata 107Aristothamnion collabens 108

Bachelotia antillarum 165Ballia sertularioides 109Bornetia repens 110Bryopsis hypnoides 192

Carpoblepharis minima 111Caulacanthus ustulatus 69Centroceras clavulatum 112Ceramium arenarium 114Ceramium atrorubescens 115Ceramium flaccidum 117Ceramium planum 119Ceramium sp. 120Chaetomorpha aerea 187Chaetomorpha robusta 188Chondria capensis 138Chordariopsis capensis 171Cladophora capensis 189Cladophora flagelliformis 190Cladophora hospita 191Codium decorticatum 194Codium fragile subsp. capense 195Corallina sp. 62Corallinaceae ind. 68

Delesseriaceae ind. 1 135Delesseriaceae ind. 2 136

Ectocarpus fasciculatus 162Enteromorpha flexuosa 179

Enteromorpha intestinalis 180Enteromorpha linza 181Entocladia leptochaete 176

Feldmannia irregularis 163

Gastroclonium reflexum 96Gelidium pusillum 47Gigartina bracteata 73Gracilariopsis longissima 51Grateloupia doryphora 55Grateloupia filicina 56Griffithsia confervoides 122Gymnogongrus dilatatus 87Gymnogongrus sp. 88

Haematocelis epiphytica “stadium” 91Hapalospongidion sp. 166Heringia mirabilis 71Heterosiphonia crispella

var. crispella 127var. laxa 128

Heterosiphonia dubia 129Hildenbrandia crouanii 61Hildenbrandia rubra 62Hincksia granulosa 164Hypnea ecklonii 77Hypnea spicifera 80Hypnea sp. 81

Kallymenia schizophylla 82

Laminaria pallida 175Lithophyllum neoatalayense 64

Mazzaella capensis 75Melobesia membranacea 65Microcladia gloria-spei 123Myriogramme livida 132

Nothogenia erinacea 45

Ophidocladus simpliciusculus 139

Pachymenia carnosa 57Petalonia fascia 173Phyllymenia belangeri 59Placophora binderi 140Platysiphonia intermedia 133

TAXONOMIC INDEX

258 J. RULL LLUCH

Pleonosporium filicinum 124Plocamium glomeratum 92Plocamium rigidum 94Polysiphonia incompta 142Polysiphonia namibiensis 144Polysiphonia nigra 145Polysiphonia scopulorum 147Polysiphonia virgata 149Porphyra capensis 33Porphyra saldanhae 35Porphyra sp. 37Pterosiphonia complanata 151Pterosiphonia cf. dendroidea 153Ptilothamnion polysporum 126

Ralfsia expansa 169Rhodophyllis reptans 72Rhodothamniella floridula 44Rhodymenia capensis 98

Rhodymenia natalensis 99Rhodymenia obtusa 101Rhodymeniaceae ind. 102

Schizymenia apoda 89Stragularia clavata 170Streblocladia camptoclada 155Streblocladia corymbifera 157Stylonema alsidii 32Stylonema cornu-cervi 33Suhria vittata 49Synarthrophyton munimentum 66

Tayloriella tenebrosa 159

Ulva capensis 183Ulva fasciata 184Ulva rigida 185Ulvella lens 177

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Ivan ValielaBoston UniversityWoods Hole, USA

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FOREWORD. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4

Rull Lluch, J. – Marine benthic algae of Namibia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-256

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-18Methodology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-20Catalogue of marine benthic algae of Namibia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20-31Systematic treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31-196

Rhodophyta. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32-161Chromophyta . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161-176Chlorophyta . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176-196

Biogeographical aspects of the marine benthic flora of Namibia. . . . . . . . . . . . 196-208Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208-209References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209-221Plates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225-228Maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231-243Keys of the genera . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247-256

TAXONOMIC INDEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257-258

C O N T E N T S SCI. MAR. 66 (Suppl. 3): 1-258, 2002

acrochaetium - icm-csic · – acrochaetium secundatum map 11. – acrochaetium sp. map 12. –...

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