› publications › udhyan_rasmi-jul... · 2015-06-18 · © dunh; mik".k ckxokuh l alfkku...

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jktHkk"kk if=dk (tqykbZ&fnlacj] 2012 o"kZ 13 vad 2 ) m|ku jf'e dsUnzh; miks".k ckxokuh laLFkku jgeku[ksMk] iksLV dkdksjh] y[kuÅ & 226 101 + ] m0iz0 nwjHkk"k % 0522&2841022] 24 QSDl % 0522&2841025 bZ&esy % [email protected] osclkbV % www.cishlko.org ehfM;k lalk/ku d{k % 0522&2841082 ICAR Hkkd`vuqi

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Page 1: › publications › UDhyan_Rasmi-Jul... · 2015-06-18 · © dUnh; mik".k ckxokuh l aLFkku jgeku[ksM+k] y[kuÅ l aj{kd,p- jfo'kadj funs'kd dUnh; miks".k ckxokuh l aLFkku jgeku[kM+k]

jktHkk"kk if=dk(tqykbZ&fnlacj] 2012

o"kZ 13 vad 2)

m|ku jf'e

dsUnzh; miks".k ckxokuh laLFkkujgeku[ksMk] iksLV dkdksjh] y[kuÅ & 226 101+ ] m0iz0

nwjHkk"k % 0522&2841022] 24 QSDl % 0522&2841025bZ&esy % [email protected]

osclkbV % www.cishlko.orgehfM;k lalk/ku d{k % 0522&2841082

ICARHkkd`vuqi

Page 2: › publications › UDhyan_Rasmi-Jul... · 2015-06-18 · © dUnh; mik".k ckxokuh l aLFkku jgeku[ksM+k] y[kuÅ l aj{kd,p- jfo'kadj funs'kd dUnh; miks".k ckxokuh l aLFkku jgeku[kM+k]

Hkkjrh; d`f"k vuqla/kku ifj"kn dk xhr

Tk; t ; df"k i fj "kn Hkkj r dh]

l q[kn i zrhd gfj r Hkkj r dh]

df"k/ku] Ik' kq/ku ekuo t hou]

nqX/k] eRL; ] Qy] ; a= l qo/kZu]

oSKkfud fof/k uo rduhdh]

i kfj fLFkfrdh dk l aj {k.k]

l L; &' ; keyk Nfo Hkkj r dh]

Tk; t ; df"k i fj "kn Hkkj r dhA

fge i zns' k l s l kxj rV rd]

e# /kj rh l s i woksZRrj rd]

gj i Fk i j gS] fe= d"kd dh]

f' k{kk] ' kks/k] i zl kj l dy rd]

vk' kk Lokoyafcr Hkkj r dh]

Tk; t ; df"k i fj "kn Hkkj r dhA

Tk; t ; df"k i fj "kn Hkkj r dhAA

Page 3: › publications › UDhyan_Rasmi-Jul... · 2015-06-18 · © dUnh; mik".k ckxokuh l aLFkku jgeku[ksM+k] y[kuÅ l aj{kd,p- jfo'kadj funs'kd dUnh; miks".k ckxokuh l aLFkku jgeku[kM+k]

© dsUnzh; mi ks".k ckxokuh l aLFkku

j geku[ksM+k] y[ kuÅ

l aj {kd

,p- j fo' kadjfuns' kd

dsUnzh; mi ks".k ckxokuh l aLFkkuj geku[ksM+k] y[ kuÅ&226 101

i zdk' ku l fefr

Mh- ds- VaMu

/khj t ' kekZ

vLohdj .k %

bl i f=dk esa i zdkf' kr ys[kksa ds fy, ys[kd mRrjnk;h gSa u fd dsUnzh; mi ks".k ckxokuhl aLFkku] y[kuÅ] bl ds i zdk'kd ; k l aj {kdA mi ; ksxdrkZvksa dks ; g l ykg nh t krh gS fdi f=dk esa nh x;h t kudkfj ; ksa dks mi ; ksx esa ykus l s i gys fdl h fo'ks"kK l s fopkj&foe'kZdjsa@l ykg ysaA

i zdk' kd ,oa l Ei dZ l w=funs' kd

dsUnzh; mi ks".k ckxokuh l aLFkku] j geku[ksM+k] i ksLV&dkdksj h] y[ kuÅ&226 101Qksu % 0522-2841022-24, QSSDl % 0522-2841025

ehfM; k l al k/ku d{k ua- % 0522-2841082bZ&esy : [email protected]

oscl kbV % www.cishlko.org

Page 4: › publications › UDhyan_Rasmi-Jul... · 2015-06-18 · © dUnh; mik".k ckxokuh l aLFkku jgeku[ksM+k] y[kuÅ l aj{kd,p- jfo'kadj funs'kd dUnh; miks".k ckxokuh l aLFkku jgeku[kM+k]

izkDdFkufdl h Hkh ns’k ds l eqfpr fodkl esa vU; ?kVdksa dh Hkk¡fr gh d‘f"k

dh Hkh egRoi w.kZ Hkwfedk gSA bl dk egRo Hkkj r t Sl s fodkl ’khy ns’k dsfy, vkSj Hkh vf/kd c<+ t krk gS t gk¡ ns’k dh 60 i zfr’kr l s vf/kdvkcknh vkt hfodk ds fy, d‘f"k i j fuHkZj dj rh gSA Hkkj r ds d‘f"k {ks=esa gks j gs fodkl esa ckxokuh dh Hkh i z’kal uh; Hkwfedk j gh gSA ft l i zdkjns’k ds l dy ?kj syw mRi kn esa d‘f"k dk yxHkx 18 i zfr’kr ; ksxnku gS] ml hi zdkj ckxokuh dk d‘f"k {ks= esa 32 i zfr’kr ; ksxnku gSA t Sl s&t Sl s ns’k esa

vkfFkZd fodkl gks j gk gS ml h vuqi kr esa ckxokuh ds i zfr yksxksa dh t kx: drk Hkh c<+ j gh gSAvkt u dsoy fdl ku@ckxoku l hfer Hkwfe esa ckxokuh dj vf/kd ek=k esa Qy] l fCt ; k¡ i Snkdj j gs gSa vfi rq vke t uekul Hkh vf/kd&l s&vf/kd ek=k esa ckxokuh Ql yksa dk l sou djLokLF; dk ykHk i k j gs gaSA

ckxokuh ds i zfr yksxksa dh c<+rh t kx: drk ds en~nsut j dsUnzh; mi ks".k ckxokuh l aLFkku]y[kuÅ l e; &l e; i j i zdkf’kr i f=dkvksa ds ek/; e l s ; gk¡ fodfl r i zkS| ksfxfd; ksa@rduhfd; ksa dksfdl kuksa] ckxokuksa vkfn rd i gq¡pkrk j gk gS ft l l s fd mUgsa budk i ; kZIr ykHk fey l dsA

m| ku j f’e* dk ; g l aLdj .k ,d ckj i qu% i kBdksa ds l e{k mi ks".k ckxokuh dh uohuret kudkfj ; ksa ds l kFk i zLrqr gSA bl esa fufgr ys[kksa ds ek/; e l s ; g i z; kl fd; k t k j gk gS fd l acaèkhfo"k; ksa dh t kudkjh vf/kd&l s&vf/kd fdl kuksa] ckxokuksa ,oa i kBdksa rd i gq¡ps ft l l s fd mUgsai zkS| ksfxfd; ksa@rduhfd; ksa l aca/kh mi yC/k t kudkfj ; ksa dk l eqfpr ykHk gks l dsA m| ku j f’e* ges’kkl s gh l aLFkku vkSj vU; {ks= l s t qM+s gq, yksxksa ds } kj k fd; s x; s vuql a/kku dk; ks± dh okfgdk j ghgSA i zLrqr l aLdj .k esa Hkh ve: n] dsyk] vk¡oyk] i i hrk vkfn Qyksa i j uohure t kudkjh mi yCèkdj kus dk i z; kl fd; k x; k gSA bl ds i zdk’ku ds l qvol j i j eSa fQj ,d ckj vk’kk dj rk gw¡fd l aLFkku ds l Hkh vf/kdkjh ,oa deZpkjh j kt Hkk"kk uhfr dk i kyu dj saA l kFk gh bl vol j i jeSa ys[kdksa ,oa j kt Hkk"kk dk; kZUo; u l eUo; u l fefr ds l Hkh l nL; ksa dks c/kkbZ nsrk gww¡A

¼,p- j fo' kadj ½funs'kd

Page 5: › publications › UDhyan_Rasmi-Jul... · 2015-06-18 · © dUnh; mik".k ckxokuh l aLFkku jgeku[ksM+k] y[kuÅ l aj{kd,p- jfo'kadj funs'kd dUnh; miks".k ckxokuh l aLFkku jgeku[kM+k]

lEikndh;

l aLFkku dh j kt Hkk"kk i f=dk m| ku j f'e* dk uwru l aLdj .k ,d ckj i qu% i kBdksads l e{k v| ru t kudkjh ds l kFk i zLrqr gSA bl l aLdj .k esa Hkh fdl kuksi ; ksxh ys[kksadks l ekfgr fd; k x; k gSA foxr vadksa ds i zR;qÙkj esa vk; s i =ksa dks /; ku esa j [krs gq,bl s oSfo/; rk i znku djus dk i z; kl fd; k x; k gSA jkt Hkk"kk fgUnh esa i zdkf' kr bl i f=dkdks fdl kuksa] ckxokuksa rFkk vU; i kBdksa us l j kgk gSA bl dh Hkk"kkbZ xq.koÙkk ds dkj .kgh bl s fgUnqLrku ,sjksukfV~Dl fyfeVsM] y[kuÅ esa uxj j kt Hkk"kk dk; kZUo;u l fefr dhcSBd ds nkSjku f} rh; i qjLdkj i znku fd; k x; kA l kFk gh dsUnzh; mi ks".k ckxokuhl aLFkku] y[kuÅ dks fgUnh esa mÙke dk;Z djus gsrq i zFke i qjLdkj Hkh i znku fd; k x; kAbu mi yfCèk;ksa ds fy, l aLFkku ds l Hkh vf/kdkjh ,oa deZpkjh /kU;okn ds i k= gSa D;ksafdmudh l g; ksx ds fcuk ; gk¡ rd dh ; k=k l aHko ugha FkhA

vk'kk dj rk gw¡ fd bl l aLdj .k esa m) r ys[k i kBdksa ds fy, Kkuo/kZd gksxk rFkkl Hkh dk l g; ksx Hkfo"; esa Hkh t kjh jgsxkA

¼/khj t ' kekZ½l gk;d funs' kd

¼jkt Hkk"kk½

Page 6: › publications › UDhyan_Rasmi-Jul... · 2015-06-18 · © dUnh; mik".k ckxokuh l aLFkku jgeku[ksM+k] y[kuÅ l aj{kd,p- jfo'kadj funs'kd dUnh; miks".k ckxokuh l aLFkku jgeku[kM+k]

vke fofo/krk vuqj {k.k l fefr % ,d i fj p; 1

’kSysUnz jkt u

vkuqoaf' kd Ql yksa dh t So l qj {kk 5

euh"k feJ

df"k esa uSuks i zkS| ksfxdh dk egRo 8

r#.k vnd] dSyk'k dqekj ] fouksn dqekj fl ag ,oa vfuy dqekj fl ag

Qy o{kksa dk i kyk l s cpko 10

nsosUnz i k.Ms; ,oa vf[kys'k dqekj

vke ds ckxksa dk dSuksi h i zca/ku , oa t h.kksZ) kj 14

nq";ar feJ

fV’kw dYpj dsyk dh mRrj i zns’k esa O;kol kf; d Âsrh 20

j ke dqekj

vk¡oyk dh oSKkfud [ ksrh , oa vkS"k/kh; mi ; ksx 24

vt ; dqekj f=osnh] l qjs'k dqekj oekZ] x.ks'k yky ,oa j ru j ke vk; kZ

fpjkSat h dh ckxokuh ,oa ml dh mi ; ksfxrk 29

, -ds- fl ag ,oa t s-i h- fl ag

i kWyhgkml esa vfu"ksdQyd ¼i kFksZuksdkj fi d½ [ khjs dh [ ksrh 32

oh-ds- fl ag] dkfeuh fl ag ,oa vuqjkx fl ag

Qy o{kksa ds fy, enk t y dk egRo 36

dSyk'k dqekj ] r#.k vnd ,oa fouksn dqekj fl ag

fo"k;&oLrq

Page 7: › publications › UDhyan_Rasmi-Jul... · 2015-06-18 · © dUnh; mik".k ckxokuh l aLFkku jgeku[ksM+k] y[kuÅ l aj{kd,p- jfo'kadj funs'kd dUnh; miks".k ckxokuh l aLFkku jgeku[kM+k]

vke esa nSfgdh; fodkj , oa i ks"kd rRoksa dh deh 39

, -ds- feJ ,oa oh-ds- fl ag

yhph dk nSfgd fodkjksa l s cpko 45

j kt s'k dqekj

ve: n ds ckxksa dks j [ ksa dhV ,oa chekfj ; ksa l s eqDr 51

nhi d dqekj t Su ,oa vkuUn fl ag t ks/kk

df"k dk;Z esa doduk' kh i zfrt Sfodh dk mi ; ksx 56

, -ds- HkV~Vkpkt hZ ,oa Mh-ds- ' kqDy

VekVj ds ewY;of/kZr mRi kn 59

Mh-ds- VaMu ,oa Mh-ds- ' kqDy

can xksHkh dk fdf.or vpkj 65

uhfyek xxZ ,oa l at ; dqekj

df"k okfudh i ) fr; k¡ , oa ykHk 67

x.ks'k ' kqDyk] di kYk fl ag] ct jax fl ag ,oa vfuy dqekj fl ag

dsyk dk cgqvk; keh egRo 70

Mh-ds- VaMu ,oa j s[kk pkSj fl ; k

vk.kfod [ ksrh , oa ekuo LokLF; 75

fufe"kk ' kekZ] ehuk{kh efyd] euh"k feJ ,oa eqRFkq dqekj

Page 8: › publications › UDhyan_Rasmi-Jul... · 2015-06-18 · © dUnh; mik".k ckxokuh l aLFkku jgeku[ksM+k] y[kuÅ l aj{kd,p- jfo'kadj funs'kd dUnh; miks".k ckxokuh l aLFkku jgeku[kM+k]

1

o"kZ 13 vad 2 m| ku j f' e] 2012

vke fofo/krk vuqj {k.k l fefr % ,d i fj p;’kSysUnz jkt u1

dsUnzh; mi ks".k ckxokuh l aLFkku] y[ kuÅ

y[kuÅ dk efygkckn {ks= vi uh mPPkxq.koÙkk okys vf} rh; vke dh fdLeksa ds fy,fo’o fo[ ; kr gSA vusd i hf<+;ksa l s ; gk¡ ds fdl kunqyZHk i zdkj ds vke dh fdLeksa dks l aj f{kr fd; sgq, gSaA bu fdLeksa ds vO;kol kf; d gksus ds dkj .kbudh l a[ ; k fujarj de gksrh t k jgh gS ft l l sfdl kuksa dks bu vke dh fdLeksa ds l aj {k.k dhvko’;drk egl wl gqbZA

vr% ;wusi &t sQ (UNEP-GEF) i fj ; kst ukrFkk dsUnzh; mi ks".k ckxokuh l aLFkku] y[kuÅ dhi zsj .kk l s d‘"kd l eqnk; ds vkfFkZd l ’kfädj .k,oa ckxksa esa vke fofo/krk ds vuqj {k.k ds fy,vke fofo/krk vuqj {k.k l fefr uked ,d l axBudh LFkki uk y[kuÅ ds efygkckn {ks= esa l u~2009 esa dh x;h ft l dk i at hdj .k o"kZ 2011 esagqvkA dl eaMh dyk¡] xksi j keÅ] l j l .Mk rFkkeksgEen uxj rkyqdsnkjh ds l nL; ksa l s feydjcuh ; g l fefr vke mRi knd l eqnk; ksa dks mudkvf/kdkj fnykus ds vykok muds }kjk mRi kfnrQy ,oa mRi knksa dk vf/kd ewY; fnykus esa l gk; rkdjrh gSA l fefr vke fofo/krk t kx: drk vfHk; ku]mudk nLrkost hdj .k] vke fofo/krk i j esyksa dkvk; kst u] d‘"kd v/; ; u ; k=k] çf’k{k.k vkSj

cSBdksa t Sl s egRoi w.kZ mn~ns’; ksa dh i wfrZ ds fy,l e;&l e; i j ckxokuksa dks l q>ko Hkh nsrh gSAl fefr fdl kuksa dks u; s&u;s ckt kjksa l s Hkh t ksM+rhgS ft l l s fd mUgsa muds }kjk mRi kfnr nqyZHk]vO;kol kf; d ,oa ukukfo/k fdLeksa l ss vfrfjDrvk; i zkIr gks l dsA

vke fofo/krk vuqj {k.k l fefr ,d xSjykHkdkjh ,oa xSj l j dkjh l eqnk; vk/kkfj r l axBugSA ;g l fefr ckxksa esa vke dh fdLeksa ds l aj {k.kds {ks= esa egRoi w.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkk jgh gSA orZekul e; esa bl l fefr l s 500 l s vf/kd vkemRi knd fdl ku t qM+s gq, gSaA ,d vkdyu dsvuql kj vke dh yxHkx 3000 l s vf/kd vkedh i zt kfr; k¡ bl l fefr ds vf/kdkj {ks= esa gSA

mís’;

vke dh i zt kfr; ksa dks fodfl r dj mUgsau;s&u;s ckt kj eas vkus okys Øsrkvksa l st ksM+uk ,oa fdLeksa ds ewY; dk l ao/kZu djukA

vke fofo/krk l j a{k.k ds fy; s l eqnk; dsfdl kuksa esa t kx: drk ,oa l ’kfDrdj .k ds}kjk ckxksa esa l aj {k.kA

1i zHkkxk/; {k] Ql y l q/kkj ,oa t Soi zkS| ksfxdh

Page 9: › publications › UDhyan_Rasmi-Jul... · 2015-06-18 · © dUnh; mik".k ckxokuh l aLFkku jgeku[ksM+k] y[kuÅ l aj{kd,p- jfo'kadj funs'kd dUnh; miks".k ckxokuh l aLFkku jgeku[kM+k]

2

o"kZ 13 vad 2 m| ku j f' e] 2012

i kj ai fjd vkSj xSj&O; kol kf; d vke dhfdLeksa ds mi ; ksx ,oa O;ol k; ds ek/; e l svkt hfodk esa l q/kkjA

vke fdLe l Ei nk

dsUnzh; mi ks".k ckxokuh l aLFkku ,oa ck; ksol ZVhbUVuZs’kuy ds oSKkfudksa }kjk bu l eqnk; ksa eas vkedh fofo/krk dk v/; ; u fd; k x; k rkfd fdLeksads l aj {k.k dks i zksRl kfgr dj fodYi i znku fd; kt k l dsA bl dk;Z ; kst uk dk eq[ ; mn~ns’; vkefofo/krk l s fdl kuksa dks csgrj vk; i zkIr djkukRkFkk muds t hou&;ki u dks mBkuk gSA bl l s vkedh fdLeksa ds l aj {k.k ds i z; kl dks i zksRl kgu HkhfeysxkA bl ds vUrxZr fdl kuksa dh l gHkkfxrk l svke fofo/krk esyksa ,oa i zfr; ksfxrkvksa dk vk; kst uHkh fd; k t krk gS ft l l s LFkkuh; vke dh fdLeksadh fofo/krk dk ewY;kadu gks vkSj vke l wphi =¼dSVsykWx½ cukus ds fy, t kudkjh i zkIr gks l dsA

efygkckn ds vf/kdre l eqnk; ksa esa n’kgjhvke dh eq[; fdLe gSA fdUrq y[kuÅok] pkSl k]Q+t jh] t kSgjh l Qsnk bR;kfn fdLeksa dh i Snkokjcgqr gh NksVs Lrj i j dh t krh gSA cgqr l h ,sl hfdLesa t Sl s vCnqy [kkfyn [kku] vpkjokyk] vkfeu[kqnZ] fxykl ] Qdhjk] Qdhjokyk] xksyk] gkFkh>wy]ghjsg; kr] TkkQjckx] dyqok] [kkl qy[kkl ] uokci l an] uk; kc] j kedsyk] csut +hj l aMhyk] rSewfj ; kvkfn Hkh i zfl ) gSaA fdUrq dqN gh fdl kuksa }kjkcgqr NksVs Lrj i j budh i Snkokj dh t krh gSAbl ds vfrfjDr cgqr l h nqyZHk fdLesa t ks t ul kèkkj.kdks vKkr gSa vHkh Hkh d"kdksa ds ckxksa esa fo| eku

gSaA vke dh fdLeksa dh fofo/krk ds ewY;kadu gsrq364 ckxksa esa v/; ; u fd; s t kus l s Kkr gqvk fdvHkh Hkh vke ds dqy i sM+ksa dk 12 i zfr’kr l svfèkd i kjEi fjd ,oa cht w fdLeksa dk gSA xksi j keÅ,oa l j l .Mk esa cht w ,oa vO;kol kf; d vke dhfdLeksa dh vf/kd l a[ ; k gSA

vke fofo/krk esyk

l fefr vke mRi knd l eqnk; ksa ds vf/kdkjvkSj muds vke fofo/krk dk vf/kd ewY; fnykusl aca/kh mn~ns’; ksa dh i wfrZ gsrq fofo/krk t kx: drkvfHk;ku] nLrkost hdj .k] vke fofo/krk esyksa]vè; ; u ; k=kvksa] çf’k{k.k vkSj cSBdksa dk vk; kst udj r h gSA l eqnk; ds l nL; t kx: drk]fopkj&foe’kZ] fofo/krk esyksa dk vk; kst u] ckt kjksads v/; ; u] çf’k{k.k vkSj ckrphr ds }kjk mn~ns’; ksadks i zkIr dj rs gSaA l aj {kd fdl kuksa us fuEufyf[krvke fofoèkrk ds esyksa esa Hkkx fy; k rFkk i q: LdkjHkh i zkIr fd,A

vke fofo/krk esyk 18 t wu 2011 dksdl eaMh dyk¡ esa vk; ksft r fd; k x; k t gk¡l eqnk; ksa ds 92 ckxksa dh i zt kfr; ksa dk i zn’kZufd; k x; kA

28 ebZ 2011 dks nsgjknwu esa vke fofo/krkesyk dk vk; kst u fd; k x; k] t gk¡ 50 i zdkjdh vke dh fdLeksa dk çn’kZu fd; k x; kA

t So vkSj vt So ruko ds mHkj rs i fj n’; esay[kuÅ esa vk; ksft r vf[ky Hkkj rh; vkei zn’kZuh esa 22 l s 24 t wu 2011 esa l okZfèkd

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3

o"kZ 13 vad 2 m| ku j f' e] 2012

250 fdLeksa dks çnf’kZr dj l fefr dsfdl kuksa us i zFke i qjLdkj i zkIr fd; kA

Hkqous’oj esa 28 l s 31 ebZ 2012 rdvk; ksft r oSf'od l Eesyu esa l fefr dksl okZf/kd vke i zt kfr; ksa dh i zn’kZuh ¼50i zt kfr; ksa½ ds fy, i zFke i qjLdkj i zkIr gqvkA

2 t qykbZ 2012 dks dl eaMh dyk esa vk;ksft rvke çn’kZuh esa fdl kuksa us 425 fdLeksa dki zn’kZu fd; kA

l keqnkf; d vke fofo/krk l wphi = ¼dSVsykWx½

l eqnk; ksa esa mi yC/k vkuqoaf’kd fofo/krk dsçys[ku ds fy, l fefr }kjk çf’k{k.k fn; k t krk gSAvke dh fdLeksa ds foys[khdj .k gsrq vke fofo/krkl fp= l wphi = rS; kj fd; k x; k gSA l wphi = dhl gk; rk l s l keqnkf; d fdLeksa esa fo| eku egRoi w.kZ]vf} rh; l qxa/k vkSj Lokn 'kgjh ckt kjksa esa vkd"kZddherksa dks i zkIr djus esa l gk;d gksrk gSA

'kgjh ckt kjksa esa O;kol kf; d ,oa i zpfyrfdLeksa dh ek¡x T; knk gksus ds dkj .k nqyZHk fdLeksadks cspus rFkk mudk mfpr ewY; i zkIr djus esadfBukbZ;ksa dk l keuk djuk i M+rk gSA vr% 'kgjhckt kjksa esa nqYkZHk fdLeksa dks cspus rFkk mi HkksDrkvksadks muds i zfr t kx: d djus ds fy, bu fdLeksadks l wphc) djuk vfuok;Z gSA l eqnk; dks vkfFkZd: i l s l ’kDr cukus ds fy, vke fofo/krkl wphi = dk cgqr cM+k egRo gSA l fefr }kjkl EHkkfor [kjhnnkjksa dh i gpku ,oa foi .ku l Ei dZc<+k;k t k jgk gSA l keqnkf; d vke fofo/krk

l wphi = d"kdksa dh l gHkkfxrk dks /; ku esa j [krsgq, fodfl r fd; k x; k gSA l eqnk; ksa esa mi yC/kvkuqoaf’kd fofo/krk ds çys[ku gsrq l eqnk; dsl nL; ksa dks çf’kf{kr fd; k x; k gSA oSKkfudksa }kjkfdl ku fMfLØIVj dk mi ; ksx ,oa fdl kuksa dksfofoèkrk ds çys[ku i j çf’k{k.k fn; k x; kA l keqnkf;dvke fofo/krk l wphi = nSfud l kekft d ,o l kaLdfrdxfrfof/k; ksa ds çpkj vkSj fdLeksa esa l q/kkj ykus dsfy, l cl s vPNh l kexzh gSA

l keqnkf; d i kS/k’kkyk ,oa ekuo l al k/kul q/kkj

l fefr fdl kuksa dh t : j rksa dks i wjk djus dsfy, Kku vkSj dkS’ky ds l kFk l keqnkf; d i kS/k’kkykusVodZ fodfl r djus ds fy, Hkh dke dj rh gSAl keqnkf;d i kS/k’kkyk dks i kjEi fjd fdLeksa ds l aj {k.krFkk i kS/kksa dh l eqnk; rFkk ckg~;@bPNqd d"kdksadh i kS/kksa dh vko’;drk dh vki wfrZ ds fy,fodfl r fd; k x; k gSA l keqnkf; d i kS/k’kkyk ds}kjk LFkk;h fofo/krk l aj {k.k ,oa nqYkZZHk fdLeksa dsegRo ds ckjs esa t kx: drk dk dk;Z fd; k t k jgkgSA l keqnkf; d i kS/k’kkyk ds l nL; vki l h Hkkxhnkjh,oa dsUnzh; mi ks".k ckxokuh l aLFkku] y[kuÅ dhrduhdh l gk; rk ds }kjk i zo/kZu dkS’ky esa l qèkkj,oa i zf’k{k.k i zkIr dj jgs gSaA l eqnk; vke l wphi =¼dSVsykWx½ ds fy, fdl kuksa dh t kudkjh gsrq l axzgçf’k{k.k] fofo/krk dh QksVksxzkQh] l wph fodkl vkSjl eqnk; ds yksxksa ds l kFk fopkj&foe’kZ }kjk t kudkjhl axzghr dh x;hA fuEufyf[kr i gyqvksa i j dsUnzh;mi ks".k ckxokuh l aLFkku ds oSKkfudksa vkSj rduhdh

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o"kZ 13 vad 2 m| ku j f' e] 2012

vf/kdkfj ; ksa }kjk ekxZn’kZu rFkk i zf’k{k.k i znkufd; k x; kA

dPps vke dk i uk] vepwj vkSj vU;mRi knA

vke Qy rqM+kbZ ,oa HkaMkj .kA

mRi kn cukrs l e; LoPNrk vkSj [kk|l qj {kkA

Qy i fj j {k.k] dhV vkSj j ksx çca/ku]dhVuk’kdksa ds l qj f{kr mi ; ksx] cksjku dh deht Sl h l eL; kvksa ds fuj kdj .k gsrq l eqnk; dsl nL; ksa dks fo’ks"kK l q>ko fu; fer : i l s fn; s t krsgSaA l eqnk; ds l nL; ksa }kjk xSj O;kol kf; d fdLeksads fy, Hkh vf/kd ewY; i zkIr djus] ' kgjh ckt kjksaesa nqYkZHk fdLeksa dks cspus rFkk mi HkksDrkvksa dksmuds i zfr t kx: d djus ds fy, fo’ks"k i zf’k{k.kfn; k x; k gSA

fnYyh dh eq[ ; ea=h Jherh ' khyk nhf{kr vuqj {k.k l fefr ds LVkWy dk Hkze.k dj rh gqbZ

MkW- , l - v ; Ii u] egkfuns' kd] Hkk-d-vuq-i fj -] ubZ fnYyh vuqj {k.k l fefr ds l nL; dks l Eekfur dj rs gq,

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o"kZ 13 vad 2 m| ku j f' e] 2012

vkuqoaf' kd Ql yksa dh t So l qj {kkeuh"k feJ1

dsUnzh; mi ks".k ckxokuh l aLFkku] y[ kuÅ

ekSl e esa gks jgs i fj orZu us df"k ' kks/k esagypy epk nh gSA rki eku] ckfj ' k vkSj l eqnzhLrj esa gks jgs cnyko l s df"k i j ks{k : i l si zHkkfor gks jgh gSA ekSl e esa gks jgs cnyko dhi f"BHkwfe esa t So&rduhd ,d i zHkkoh vkSt kj ds: i esa gekjs l keus gSA gky gh ds o"kks± esa fo'o dsvusd ns'kksa esa t susfVdyh ekMhQkbM ¼t h-,e-½Ql yksa i j ' kks/k ,oa fodkl esa xfr vk;h gSAvesfjdk] vt sZVhuk] czkt hy] dukMk] phu] i Sjkxq, ]nf{k.k vÝhdk ,oa Hkkj r esa t h-,e- Ql ysa cM+s

{ks= esa i Snk dh t k jgh gSaA vkLVsªfy; k] psdx.kjkT; ] t eZuh] bjku] i qqrZxky] dksyfEc; k] Ýkal ]gksUMwjkl ] esfDl dks] fQyhi hUl ] j ksekfu; k] Li su]Lyksokfd; k ,oa Å: xos esa t h- ,e- Ql ysa de{ks=Qy esa i Snk dh t k jgh gSaA eq[; r% pkj t h-,e- Ql ysa l ks; kchu] eDdk] di kl vkSj duksykdkQh cM+s {ks= esa i Snk dh t k jgh gSa ¼l kj .kh&1½t cfd vkyw] i i hrk] vYQk&vYQk ,oa LDok'kO;kol kf; d Lrj i j l gh ysfdu rqyukRed : i l sde {ks=Qy esa i Snk dh t k jgh gSaA

l kj .kh 1% t h-,e- Ql yksa dk O;kol kf; d mRi knu ¼1996&2006½

t h-,e- Ql y t h-,e- Ql y mRi knu (%) fo' ks"krk mRi knu o"kZ

l ks; kchu 62 i zfr' kr [kj i rokjuk'kh i zfrj ks/kdrk 1996 eDdk 22 i zfr' kr dhV i zfrj ks/kdrk [kj i rokj uk'kh

i zfrj ks/kdrk 1996 1997

di kl 11 i zfr' kr dhV i zfrj ks/kdrk [kj i rokjuk'kh i zfrj ks/kdrk

1996 1997

deksyk 5 i zfr' kr [kj i rokjuk'kh i zfrj ks/kdrk 1996 vkyw & dhV i zfrj ks/kdrk 1996 vYQk&vYQk & [kj i rokjuk'kh i zfrj ks/kdrk 2006 i i hrk & fo"kk.kq i zfrj ks/kdrk 1999 LDok' k & fo"kk.kq i zfrj ks/kdrk 1996 Jksr % t sEl ] 2007

1ofj "B oSKkfud

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dhV] O;kf/k; ksa ,oa [kj i rokjuk'kh i zfrj ks/khQl yksa ds l kFk&gh&l kFk vU; u; s xq.k t Sl s l w[ks,oa vR;kf/kd BaM dks l gu djus dh {kerk dks HkhQl yksa esa Mkyk t k jgk gS rkfd cnyrs gq, ekSl eds vuq: i df"k dh u;h t ehu rS; kj dh t k l dsAt h-,e- Ql yksa ds vkxeu ds l kFk gh rekefpark; s Hkh O;Dr dh t k jgh gSa fd D;k ; s Ql ysaekuo vkSj okrkoj .k dks i zHkkfor djsaxhA Hkkj r esai gyh t h-,e- Ql y di kl Fkh t ks cky oeZ ukeddhV ds i zfr i zfrj ks/kd {kerk j [krh gSA ch-Vh-di kl ds ckn ch-Vh- cSaxu i j ' kks/k gqvk ysfdujkt uSfrd&l kekft d fojks/k ds pyrs bl s [ksr esavkus l s i gys gh j ksd fn; k x; kA D;k ; s fojks/kdksbZ oSKkfud vk/kkj j [krs gSa\ D;k t h-,e-Ql yksa l s mRi Uu [krj ksa dh oSKkfud i M+rky dht kuh pkfg, \ t h-,e- Ql yksa ds fofu;e ds fy,Hkkj r esa t h-bZ-,-l h- ,oa vkj -l h-t h-,e- t Sl h nks'kh"kZ l aLFkk; sa dke dj jgh gSaA gkyk¡fd t So l qj {kkns'k esa vHkh rd i w.kZ fodfl r foKku dk : i ughays i k; h gSA

D; k gS t So l qj {kk\

t h- ,e- Ql yksa l s t So fofo/krk i j [krj keaMjkus dh l aHkkouk l s badkj ugha fd; k t kl drkA ,sl s esa t Sol qj {kk ds i zfr oSKkfud nf"Vdks.kc<+kus dh vko' ; drk gSA t h-,e- Ql yksa l sokrkoj .k esa pkj rjg ds [krj ksa dh l aHkkouk gksl drh gSA ;g gS [kj i rokfj rk ,oa vkØedrk esaof) ] t hu cgko] vyf{kr t hoksa i j i zHkko] ,oadhVksa esa i zfrj ks/kd {kerk dk fodkl A vkb; s t kursgSa fd dSl s t So l qj {kk esa l sa/k yx l drh gSA

[ kj i rokfj rk , oa vkØedrk esa of)

t h-,e- Ql yksa dks ysdj l cl s cM+h fpark gSfd ; s vU; l acaf/kr fdLeksa dks vR;kf/kd [kj i rokj; k vkØked uk cuk nsaA [kj i rokfj rk dk vFkZ gSfd l kekU; Ql ysa [ksrksa esa vf/kd i zfr; ksxh gks t k; sat cfd vkØedrk dk l aca/k mu i kS/kksa l s gS t ksi zkdfrd okrkoj .k esa vU; i kS/kksa dh rqyuk esavfèkd i zfr; ksxh gks t k; saA mnkgj .k ds rkSj i jyo.k i zfrj ks/kh t h-,e- Ql ysa vU; yo.kh; {ks=ksaesa t kdj csgn vkØked gks l drh gSa vkSj LFkkuh;i kS/kksa dh rqyuk esa T; knk i zfr; ksxh gks l drh gSaft l ds i fj .kkeLo: i i zkdfrd l arqyu fcxM+ l drkgSA

t hu cgko

nwl jh l koZHkkSfed fpark gS t h- ,e- Ql yksa esaVªkal t hu dk cgko t ks i zkdfrd okrkoj .k esa t kl drk gSA ; fn vkl i kl t h-,e- Ql y ds dqydk dksbZ [kj i rokj ekSt wn gS rks i j&i j kx.k ds}kjk ml fdLe dh [kj i rokfj rk ; k vkØedrk easrst h l s of) l aHko gSA bl [krj s dks ut j vanktugha fd; k t k l drk gSA t hu dk cgko eq[; r%i kjai fjd fdLeksa] ySaMjsl sl ,oa ns'kh i zt kfr; ksa dksi zHkkfor dj l drk gSA t h-,e- Ql y ds i kl esa; fn dksbZ vkxsZfud [ksrh dj jgk gS rks l aHko gS fdvkxsZfud Ql y Vªkal t hu }kjk l anwf"kr gks t k; sAvHkh rd ; g dkuwu ugha cuk gS fd t h-,e-Ql yksa dks fdruh nwjh i j mxkuk pkfg,A t hucgko ds [krj s dks eki us ds fy, rhu ckrksa i jè; ku j [ kuk csgn vko' ; d gSA D;k t h-,e-Ql y ds i kl dksbZ l acaf/kr fdLe i Snk dh t k jgh

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o"kZ 13 vad 2 m| ku j f' e] 2012

gS\ D;k l acaf/kr fdLe dh i zdfr vkØked gS\D;k Vªkal t hu cgko l acaf/kr fdLe dh vkØkedrkdks c<+k l drh gS\ ; fn rhuksa i z'u ds mRrj gk¡ esagSa rks fuf'pr rkSj i j t So l qj {kk [krj s esa gSA

t : jh ugha gS fd t hu dk cgko fl QZ fyaxh;rjhdksa l s gksA gky esa i z; ksx'kkyk esa fd; s x; si jh{k.kksa l s Kkr gqvk gS fd dqN fLFkfr; ksa esaVªkal t hu t h-,e- Ql yksa l s l w{et hoksa esa vkl kuh l sLFkkukUrfj r gks l drk gSA ;g i jh{k.k pkSadkus okykgS] gkyk¡fd ,sl k l kekU; okrkoj .k esa gks i k; sxkvFkok ugha ;g ,d foe'kZ dk fo"k; gSA

vyf{kr t hoksa i j i zHkko

t h- ,e- Ql ysa fl QZ yf{kr dhV ,oa l w{et hfo; ksa dks gh i zHkkfor dj rh gSa ysfdu ; g Hkhi k; k x; k gS fd dqN mnkgj .kksa esa vyf{kr dhV ,oal w{et hfo; ksa esa t h-,e- Ql yksa }kjk i zfrdwy i zHkkoi M+rk gSA dqN t h-,e- Ql ysa dhVuk'kd j l k; ui Snk dj rh gSaA ,sl h Ql yksa esa t c dhVuk'kh dkfNM+dko fd; k t krk gS rks bu Ql yksa l s l Ec)dhV ,oa l w{et hoh i j i zfrdwy i zHkko i M+rk gSQyr% t So fofo/krk ,oa i kfj fLFkfrdh ra= i zHkkforgksrs gSaA bl hfy, vko' ; d gS fd l aHkkfor vyf{krdhV t ks bl l s i zHkkfor gksaxsa mudh t kudkjhvko' ; d gSA fo'ks"kr% eèkqeD[kh] eksukpZ frryh,oa dsapq, t Sl s mi ; ksxh dhVksa i j t h-,e- Ql yksadk i zHkko ds ewY;kadu dj us dh vko' ; drkgSA

uk' kh t hoksa esa i zfrj ks/kd {kerk dk fodkl

uk'kh t hokssa ¼dhV] j ksx t ud] [kj i rokj½ esai zfrj ks/kd {kerk dk fodkl t So l qj {kk l s t qM+k ,dxaHkhj eqn~nk gSA ,sl k ekuk t krk gS fd ; fn dhVi zfrj ks/kh t h-,e- Ql y dks yEcs l e; rd mxk;kt k; s rks dhVksa esa i zfrj ks/kd {kerk dk fodkl gkst k; sxkA bl fy; s vko' ; d gS fd ch-Vh- Ql yksa dsl kFk gh fj¶;wft ; k Ql y dks Hkh mxk;k t k; s rkfdi zfrj ks/kh dhV fodfl r uk gks i k; saA XykbQksl sVi zfrj ks/kh j kmaM vi j sMh* t h- ,e- Ql yksa ds vkusds ckn l s [kj i rokj uk'kh dk i z; ksx rst h l s buQl yksa esa c<+k gSA Qyr% [kj i rokjksa esa i zfrj ks/kd{kerk dk fodkl gks jgk gS t ks fpark dk fo"k; gSA

vU; df"k&i kfj fLFkfrdh fpark; sa

mi jksDr [krj ksa ds vfrfjDr dqN vU;df"k&i kfj fLFkfrdh fo"k; Hkh t So l qj {kk ds nf"Vdks.kl s egRoi w.kZ gSaA Hkkj r esa ch-Vh- di kl ds QSykods l kFk gh vU; dhVksa t Sl s fefjM cx] VkscSdkscVj¶ykbZ bR;kfn dh l a[ ; k esa rst h l s of) gqbZgSA Hkkj r t Sl s fodkl ' khy ns'k esa [kj i rokjuk'khi zfrj ks/kh t h-,e- Ql ysa NksVs fdl kuksa ds fy, dkQhfparkt ud gks l drh gSa D;ksafd fdl ku dbZ Ql ysa,d l kFk NksVs i z{ks= esa mxkrs gSaA

t So l qj {kk rqyukRed : i l s ,d u; k fo"k;gS [kk| l qj {kk ds nf"Vdks.k l s t h-,e- Ql yksa dhvuns[kh ugha dh t k l drh gSA ysfdu cnyrs df"kvk; keksa esa t So l qj {kk ,d egRoi w.kZ l ksi ku l kfcrgksxkA

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df"k esa uSuks i zkS| ksfxdh dk egRor#.k vnd1] dSyk' k dqekj 2] fouksn dqekj fl ag3 , oa vfuy dqekj fl ag3

dsUnzh; mi ks".k ckxokuh l aLFkku] y[ kuÅ

uSuks VsduksykWt h foKku ,oa i zkS| ksfxdh dh,d u;h fn'kk gS ft l dh vk/kqfud df"k ds fodklesa egRoi w.kZ Hkwfedk gks l drh gSA bl ds ek/; e l smRi knu ,oa mRi kndrk dks c<+k;k t k l drk gSAbl i zkS| ksfxdh dk LokLF; ] vkarfj {k] bysDVªkWfudmi dj .kksa vkfn esa Hkj i wj i z; ksx fd; k t k jgk gSft l dk ykHk ekuo t kfr dks fey jgk gSA Hkkj rl fgr fo'o ds vU; ns'kksa esa bl ds mi ; ksx ds fy,ogr~ Lrj i j vuql a/kku dk;Z fd; k t k jgk gSi jUrq df"k esa bl dk i z; ksx vHkh l hfer gh gSAfdl kuksa ds fy, ; fn ; g i zkS| ksfxdh ykHki zn gks l dsrks ; g df"k dh n'kk ,oa fn'kk cnyus esa egRoi w.kZdne gksxkA uSuks i zkS| ksfxdh }kjk ; fn j kl k; fud[kknksa dks rS; kj fd; k t k; s rks [kkn dh xq.koRrk ,oami ; ksfxrk nksuksa c<+ t k; sxh ft l ds QyLo: i [ksrhds fy, de ek=k esa [kkn dh vko' ; drk gksxhAHkfo"; esa [kk| i z.kkyh] [kk| ,oa Qy l aj {k.k rFkkokrkoj .k dks i znw"k.k l s eqDr djkus esa bl i zkS| ksfxdhdk mi ; ksx djuk gekjh vfuok;Zrk gks t k,xhA

bfrgkl xokg gS fd e/; dkyhu ; qx esa [kkusds crZuksa i j l ksus ds uSuks&d.kksa l s ysi fd; k t krkFkk t ks vkt Hkh ml h : i esa fo| eku gSA blfo'ks"krk dk Kku rRdkyhu yksxksa dks ugha FkkAorZeku l e; esa fo'o dh c<+rh t ul a[ ; k] m| ksxksal s c<+rs i znw"k.k] l al k/kuksa ds vHkko rFkk cnrj

LokLF; Lrj us fo'o ds oSKkfudksa dks bl fn'kk esal kspus ds fy, et cwj dj fn; k gSA o"kZ 1959 esaHkkSfrdh esa ukscy i q: Ldkj fot srk fjpMZ QsueSu usuSuks foKku ,oa uSuks i zkS| ksfxdh dh 'kq: vkr dhFkhA VksD;ks fo'ofo| ky; ] t ki ku ds oSKkfud uksfj ; ksrkukxqph us o"kZ 1974 esa i zFke ckj bl rduhddk uke uSuks VsduksykWt h fn; k FkkA bfjd MsDl yjus 1981 esa bl rduhd i j fd; s t k jgs dk; ks± dkfof/kor i zdk'ku i zkjEHk fd; kA

xr nl o"kks± l s fo'o ds vusd ns'kksa esa uSuksfoKku ,oa i zkS| ksfxdh i j i z; ksx rFkk ' kks/k dk;Zi zxfr i j gSA orZeku vkdM+ksa ds vuql kj fo'o esaek= l kr ns'kksa vesfjdk] phu] t eZuh] Ýkal ] nf{k.kdksfj ; k] fLoVt jySaM vkSj t ki ku esa gh bl rduhdi j vf/kdka'k i sVsUV gks jgs gSaA vk'kk gS fd vkusokys l e; esa bl i zkS| ksfxdh dk bLrseky vkSjT; knk gks l dsxk vkSj fut h {ks= dh Hkkxhnkjh }kjkfuos'k esa c<+ksÙkjh gksxh ft l l s ' kks/k dk; ks± dk LrjÅ¡pk gks l dsxkA Hkkj r l j dkj Hkh bl ekeys esai hNs ugha gSA Hkkj r l j dkj ds foKku ,oa i zkS| ksfxdhfoHkkx }kjk o"kZ 2001 esa uSuks foKku ,oa i zkS| ksfxdhdh 'kq: vkr dh t k pqdh gSA bl fo"k; i j Hkkj rl j dkj }kjk i apo"khZ; ; kst uk esa yxHkx 1000djksM+ #i ; s [kpZ djus dk i zko/kku fd; k x; kAorZeku esa ns'k dh 30 l s vf/kd ' kks/k l aLFkkvksa esa

1oSKkfud] 2i z/kku oSKkfud ,oa 3rduhdh vf/kdkj h

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o"kZ 13 vad 2 m| ku j f' e] 2012

bl l s l acaf/kr ' kks/k dk;Z fd; s t k jgs gSaA Hkkj rh;df"k vuql a/kku i fj "kn }kjk df"k esa uSuks foKku ,oai zkS| ksfxdh dk ykHk mBkus ds fy, ' kks/k dk; ks± dh'kq: vkr dh t k pqdh gSA ns'k ds fofHkUu 'kks/kl aLFkkuksa vkSj j kT; df"k fo'ofo| ky; ksa ds l kFkfoKku ,oa i zkS| ksfxdh foHkkx l eUo; LFkkfi r djdke dj jgk gSA

uSuks i zkS| ksfxdh ,d xzhd 'kCn gS] ft l dkvFkZ ckeu i zkS| ksfxdh gSA ,d uSuks ehVj ,d ehVjdk ,d fcfy;uoka (1 nm = 10–9 m) Hkkx gksrkgSA ;g ,d cgqís'kh; ,oa cgqfoHkkxh; fo"k; gSft l esa oSKkfud] fpfdRl d ,oa vfHk;Urk ,d l kFkfeydj dk;Z dj l drs gSaA uSuks d.k og gksrs gSaft udk vkdkj ,d rjQ de l s de 100uSuksehVj l s de gksrk gSA uSuks d.k rhu vkdkjds gksrs gSaA ,d uSuks d.k ds xq.k vkdkj dsvuql kj i fj ofrZr gksrs jgrs gSa t ks j kl k; fud]; kfU=d] fo| qr vkSj pqEcdh; i zHkkoksa l s i zHkkforgksrs gSaA

uSuks i zkS| ksfxdh dk i z; ksx i kS/kksa esa l arqfyr i ks"kd rRoksa dh vki wfrZ esa

dk;Z dj rk gSA [kj i rokjksa ds fu;a=.k esa i zHkkoh Hkwfedk

fuHkkrk gSA cht ksa ds vadqj .k esa mi ; ksxh dk;Z dj rk gSA enk LokLF; l q/kkj esa mi ; ksxh gSA j kl k; fud ,oa dkcZfud moZjdksa dh mi ; ksx

{kerk dks c<+krk gSA i kuh dk fo"kSykiu nwj djus ,oa i qu% mi ; ksx

esa ykus gsrq bl dk mi ; ksx fd; k t k l drk gSA

[kk| i zl aLdj .k esa egRoi w.kZ ; ksxnku gSA t y i zca/ku esa mi ; ksxh Hkwfedk vnk dj rk

gSA uSuks l sal j }kj k i fj ' kq) rk [ksrh esa enk]

moZjd vkSj i kuh ds l arqfyr mi ; ksx esal gk;d gks l drk gSA

j l k; fud [kknksa ,oa moZjdksa ds i z; ksx l sQl yksa dk mRi knu 30 l s 40 i zfr ' kr rd c<+t krk gS D;ksafd bl ds ek/; e l s l arqfyr i ks"kdrRoksa dks mi yC/k djk; k t krk gSA bl i ks"kdrki zfØ;k dks /; ku esa j [krs gq, Hkkj r l j dkj usfdl kuksa dks fj ; k; rh nj i j moZjd nsus dk fu.kZ;fy; k gSA fi Nys vusd n'kdksa l s l arqfyr [kkn ,oamoZjdksa dk mi ; ksx fdl kuksa }kjk ugha fd; k t kjgk Fkk ft l dkj .k i kS/kksa dh mi t ] mRi kndrk ,oaenk LokLF; i zHkkfor gh jgs gSaA bl ds l q/kkj esauSuksa i zkS| ksfxdh ,d egRoi w.kZ fodYi gSA uSuksmoZjdksa i j ' kks/k dk;Z vfUre fn'kk esa vesfjdk]phu vkSj t eZuh esa fd; k t k jgk gS ft l dsmRl kgo/kZd i fj .kke fey jgs gSaA Hkkj r esa Hkh uSuksi zkS| ksfxdh dk mi ; ksx moZjdksa esa l w{ke i ks"kd rRoksadks eq[; i ks"kd rRoksa ds l kFk feyk dj feJ.krS;kj fd; k t k jgk gS ft l dk eq[ ; vk/kkj ;wfj ; kgSA QkLQksj l dh mi ; ksfxrk c<+kus gsrq ft ; ksykbVfeyk; k t k jgk gSA dkcZu uSuks V~;wc dk i z; ksxcht ksa ds vadqj .k esa fd; k t k jgk gSA uSuks l sal j}kjk feV~Vh dh t k¡p l s i ks"kd rRoksa dh deh ; kvfèkdrk dks Kkr fd; k t k l drk gSA Hkfo"; esabl i zkS| ksfxdh dk cgqrk; r esa mi ; ksx [kk| kUui zcaèku ,oa moZjd i z; ksx esa fd; k t k,xkA

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o"kZ 13 vad 2 m| ku j f' e] 2012

Qy o{kksa dk i kyk l s cpkonsosUnz i k.Ms; 1 , oa vf[ kys' k dqekj 2

dsUnzh; mi ks".k ckxokuh l aLFkku] y[ kuÅ

; fn gok esa mi fLFkr t y ok"i dk rki eku'kwU; fMxzh l sa-xzs- l s de gks t k; s vkSj i Foh i jmi fLFkr i nkFkks± dk rki Hkh de gks t k; s rks t yok"i l ar Ir gksus l s i gys gh cQZ ds d.kksa ds : iesa t e t krk gSA ; s cQZ ds d.k i Foh i j cSBrst krs gSaA bl s i kyk ; k rq"kkj dgrs gSaA

i kyk ds i zdkj

i kyk nks i zdkj dk gksrk gS& vfHkoguh;vFkok ok;q t fur i kyk ,oa fofdj .k t fur i kykA

vfHkoguh; vFkok ok;q t fur i kyk ,sl hn'kk esa i M+rk gS t c fdl h ok;qjkf' k dh /kjkry l sl ayXu i j rksa dk rki eku ' kwU; fMxzh l saVhxzsM l suhps fxj t krk gSA ;g fLFkfr ' khr dky esaes?kj fgr vkdk'k ds dkj .k gksrh gS t c ok;qe.Mydh fupyh i j rksa esa rki eku O;qRØe.krk mRi Uu gkst krh gSA i kyk ds dkj .k BaMs i nkFkks± i j fged.kksadk fuekZ.k gksrk gSA ok;qjk'kh; i kyk ' khrks".k rFkk'khrdfVcU/k esa i zk;% t kM+s ds ekSl e esa i M+rk gSA'khrdkyhu xsgw¡ dh Ql y i j bl i kyk dkgkfudkjd i zHkko i M+rk gSA bl i zdkj ds i kyk l scl Ur _rq esa fo'ks"k {kfr gksrh gS D;ksafd ml l e;i kS/kksa vFkok o{kksa esa Qwy yxus ' kq: gks t krs gSaAm".k dfVca/kh; i zns'kksa esa o"kZ ds fdl h Hkkx esa i kyk

i M+us l s Ql yksa dk fouk'k gks t krk gSA ok;qjk'kh;i kyk l s l arj s dh Ql y dks Hkkjh {kfr gksrh gSAi kyk l s cpus ds fy, fd; s t kus okys vusd mi k;ges'kk dsoy cgqewY; Ql yksa ds fy, fd; s t krs gSaAbl hfy, l kekU; r; k cl Ur _rq esa i kyk dk [krj kVy t kus ds ckn gh bl i zdkj dh Ql yksa dksmRi kfnr djus dk dk;Z vkjEHk djuk pkfg,A

fofdj .k t fur i kyk l s gksus okyk uqdl kuvi s{kkdr de rFkk ; nk&dnk gh gksrk gSA bli zdkj ds i kyk l s ; | fi o{kksa i j yxk Qy u"V gkst krk gS] fdUrq i kS/kksa rFkk o{kksa dks fo'ks"k uqdl kuugha gksrk gSA vkyw] VekVj vkfn dqN fo'ks"kQl yksa dks ,sl s i kyk l s cjkcj [krj k cuk jgrkgSA mÙkjh vesfj dk rFkk l kbcsfj ; k ds mucl ardkyhu {ks=ksa esa t gk¡ xsgw¡ dh [ksrh dh t krh gS]i kS/kksa ds cht cuus dh fLFkfr esa Hkh xzh"edkyhui kyk l s dkQh {kfr gksrh gSA Hkkj r ds mÙkjh eSnkuhHkkx esa 'kjndkyhu fofdj .k t fur i kyk l s vkyw]VekVj rFkk vjgj dh Ql yksa dks dkQh uqdl kugksrk gSA

i kyk l s l qj {kk gsrq bl dh i woZl wpuk vR;ko'; dgS ft l l s d"kdksa dks mfpr l e; i j i kyk l scpko djus dk vol j fey l dsA

1i z/kku oSKkfud ,oa 2' kks/k l gk; d

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o"kZ 13 vad 2 m| ku j f' e] 2012

i kyk i M+us dh vuqdwy i fj fLFkfr; k¡% vkl ekudk l kQ+ jguk] gok dk ugha cguk] ok;q esa vf/kd vknzZrk dk u gksuk rFkk Hkwfe ds fudV dkrki eku 'kwU; fMxzh l sa-xzs- ; k bl l s de gks t kukA

i kyk dk i kS/kksa i j i zHkko% i kyk i M+rs gh i kS/kksa dhdksf' kdkvksa dk nzo t eus yxrk gS ft l l s vk; ruc<+us ds dkj .k dksf' kdkvksa dh fHkfRr QV t krh gSvkSj i kS/kk ej t krk gSA t gk¡ i j Hkwfe dk ryÅ¡pk&uhpk gks ogk¡ i j Å¡ph Hkwfe dh rqyuk esavi s{kkdr ?kkVh esa i kyk dk vl j vf/kd gksrk gSA?kkVh dh Hkwfe ds l rg ds rqjUr Åi j gh t ks ok;qdh BaMh i j r gksrh gS] Hkkjh gksus ds dkj .k Åi jhLFkkuksa l s f[kl d dj uhps ?kkVh dh l rg i j cSBrht krh gSA ?kkVh l s ok;q fudkl ugha gks i krk gSft l l s fupyh Hkwfe; ksa i j i kyk dk vl j vf/kdgksrk gSA

ckx yxkus gsrq mi ;qDr LFkku% i oZrh; i zns'kksa esaQyksa ds cxhps ?kkVh dks NksM+dj mu <ykuksa i jyxk; s t krs gSa] t gk¡ fnu ds l e; l w;Z dh fdj .ksaok;q ds rki eku dks vf/kd dj nsrh gSaA

i kyk l s i zHkkfor gksus okys i kS/ks% Qy ds cxhpksaesa dsoy l nkcgkj i kS/kksa i j gh i kyk dk vl jgksrk gSA i kyk i M+us l s vke] dVgy] uhcw] dsyk]yhph] vk¡oyk] csy] djkSank] i i hrk vkfn ds i kS/kksadks fo'ks"k uqdl ku gksrk gSA bu i kS/kksa ds dkseyvkSj det ksj Hkkxkas i j i kyk dk vl j t Ynh gksrkgSA

i kyk l s i zHkkfor u gksus okys i kS/ks% i r>M+nkji kS/kksa i j i kyk dk vl j ugha gksrk gS D;ksafd bui kS/kksa dh i fRr; k¡ l fnZ; ksa esa >M+ t krh gSa vkSj i sM+

l q"kqIrkoLFkk esa gksrs gSaA l q"kqIrkoLFkk esa bu i kSèkksa esadksbZ of) ugha gksrh vkSj buds j l dk i zokg eanjgrk gS bl fy, bu i j i kyk dk vl j ugha gksrkgSA vaxwj ] Qkyl k] ' kgrwr] vat hj ] uk'ki krh] vkMwvkSj vywpk Qy o{kksa i j i kyk dk vl j ughagksrk gSA

i kyk l s cpko ds mi k;

fuEufyf[kr fof/k; ksa dks vi ukdj i kS/kksa dksi kyk ds i zdksi l s cpk; k t k l drk gSA

Qwl dh VfV~V;ksa l s <duk % ckx esa u; s yxk; sx; s i kS/kksa dks i kyk l s cpkus ds fy, mUgsa Qwl ]i qvky] dk¡l ¼l Sdgje Li ksuVsfu;e½ vkfn l s <+dnsrs gSaA Qwl dh VV~Vh ds Hkhrj okrkoj .k xeZ jgusl s i kyk dk vl j ugha gksrk gS vkSj i kS/kk l qj f{krjgrk gSA NksVs i kS/kksa dks fcYdqy l Vkdj vkSj i wjkugha <+duk pkfg, t Sl k fd vDl j ckxoku Qwldk ' kadq cukdj Åi j l s i kS/ks dks <+d nsrs gSaA blrjg <+dus l s i kS/kksa dks i zdk'k ,oa gok ugha feyi krh gSA bl ds vykok i kSèkksa dh c<+rh gqbZ ; k vU;Vgfu; k¡ eqM+ t krh gSa ft l l s i kSèkksa dk vkdkj&i zdkjfcxM+ t krk gS vkSj ckn esa Ql y i j Hkh foi jhrvl j i M+rk gSA

Qwl ds NIi j l s <duk% u; s yxk; s x; s ; k NksVsQy o{kksa ds pkjksa vksj ck¡l ds QV~Vs ; k vU;l hèkh ydM+h ds MaMs xkM+ nsus pkfg,A ; g MaMs i kSèksdh Å¡pkbZ l s 25&30 l s-eh- Å¡ps gksus pkfg,A buMaMksa ds l gkjs i gys l s cukbZ gqbZ Qwl ] i qvky ; kdkal dh VfV~V;k¡ ; k pVkb;k¡ i kS/kksa ds Åi j dhvksj ck¡/k nsuk pkfg,A ; g VfV~V;k¡ ; k pVkb;k¡

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o"kZ 13 vad 2 m| ku j f' e] 2012

i kSèkksa ds QSyko ; k Å¡pkbZ l s 20 l s-eh- nwj jguhpkfg,A i kS/kk Åi j rFkk mRrj vkSj i f' pe dhfn'kk l s <+dk jguk pkfg, rFkk i wjc vkSj nf{k.kfn'kk esa [kqyk jguk pkfg,A Qwl dh bl i zdkjNIi j ,oa VfVV~;ksa ds i z; ksx l s ckx ds NksVs i kS/kkssadk vkdkj Hkh Bhd jgrk gS vkSj gok] j ks'kuhfeyus l s i kS/ks Hkh LoLFk jgrs gSaA

i kWyhFkhu l s <duk% Qwl dh VfV~V;ksa ds vykokNksVs i kS/ks] fo'ks"kdj ,d ; k nks l ky ds] cM+svkdkj ds i kWyhFkhu ds FkSyksa ; k i kWyhFkhu dh pknjl s Hkh <+d l drs gSaA bl rjg i kS/ks i kyk l s cpt krs gSaA i kWyhFkhu ds FkSyksa l s <+dus i j i kS/kksa dksi zdk'k cjkcj feyrk jgrk gSA ysfdu gok dsvkokxeu ds fy, FkSyksa esa pkjksa vksj Nsn djukvko' ; d gksrk gSA

i yokj fcNkuk% ?kkl &Qwl ] LFkkuh; ?kkl sa] Qyo{kksa dh i fRr; k¡ vkfn bdV~Bh dj i sM+ ds pkjksavksj QSyk nsus l s i kyk dk vl j de gks t krk gSALVªkcsjh esa i yokj }kjk i kyk l s cpko ds vPNsi fj .kke i zkIr gq, gSaA

ck; ksMk;ufed feJ.k@xkscj dk ysi % rkt s xkscj; k ck; ksMk;ufed feJ.k dk i kS/ks ds rus i j ysidjus l s Hkh dkQh gn rd i kyk ds uqdl ku dksde fd; k t k l drk gSA

rkM+ ds i Rrs QSykuk% i i hrs ds i kS/kksa ds Åi j rkM+ds i Rrs ; k Qwl ds VqdM+s QSyk nsus pkfg; sA blrjg i i hrs ds cM+s i kS/kksa ds i Rrs vkSj f' k[kk dhvksj ds rus ds dksey fgLl s i kyk l s cps jgrs gSaA

VkV l s <duk% i i hrk ds i kS/kksa i j yxs Qyksa dks

VkV l s pkjksa vksj l s ck¡/k nsuk pkfg,A bl rjgi i hrs ds Qy i kyk l s cp l drs gSaA

fl dhZ l s <+duk% i kS/k'kkyk dh D;kfj ; ksa esa mxk;sx; s u; s ,oa dksey i kS/kksa dks i kyk l s cpkus ds fy,fl fdZ; ksa l s <+d nsuk pkfg,A t ks i kS/ks i zfrj ksfi rgksrs gSa mUgsa mudh D;kfj ; ksa ds Åi j NIi j cukdj <+d nsuk pkfg,A l kFk gh feV~Vh Hkh rj¼xhyh½ jguh pkfg, ft l l s i kyk dk vl j de gksl dsA

j kl k; fud rRoksa dk fNM+dko% l Y¶;wfjd vEydk 0-1 i zfr ' kr l kanzrk dk 2&3 fNM+dko i kyki M+us okys fnuksa esa djus l s i kS/kksa dks uqdl ku l scpk; k t k l drk gSA

i kyk vojks/kh@l gu' khy fdLeksa dks yxkuk%i kyk dh j ksdFkke dh O;kogkfjd fof/k; ksa dksvi ukdj bl ds foi jhr i zHkko dks de fd; k t kl drk gSA fdUrq vko' ; drk bl ckr dh gS fdi kyk vojksèkh fdLeksa dk fodkl fd; k t k; s vkSji kyk i M+us okys {ks=ksa esa i kyk vojks/kh fdLeksa t Sl si i hrk dh i at kc LohV] dsyk dh dqyku vkfn dhi Snkokj dh t k; sA

fl apkbZ% t kM+s ds fnuksa esa i kyk dh l aHkkouk dksns[krs gq; s 10-12 fnu ds vUrjky i j fl apkbZdj rs jguk pkfg,A ft l l s cxhpksa dk rki ekuc<+rk rks gS gh l kFk esa i kS/kksa dh Årdh; dksf' kdkvksaesa Hkh i ;kZIr t y gksus l s rki eku dk l arqyu cukjgrk gSA

/kq¡vk djuk% xzkeh.k {ks=ksa esa i qvky] /kku dh Hkwl h]xkscj ] [kj i rokj ] l w[kh i fRr; k¡] i qjkus NIi j ksa dk

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o"kZ 13 vad 2 m| ku j f' e] 2012

Qwl ] dVkbZ&N¡VkbZ l s i zkIr ydfM+;k¡] ydM+h dkcqjknk ¼vkjk e'khu l s½ vkfn i ; kZIr ek=k esa feyt krs gSaA budk i z; ksx ckx esa /kq¡vk djus ds fy,fd; k t k l drk gSA ft l j kr i kyk i M+us dhl EHkkouk ut j vk; s] ' kke dks ckx ds chp esami jksDr i nkFkZ@l kexzh dh <+sfj ; ksa dks yxk nsukpkfg,A /kq¡vk djus ds fy, <+sfj ; ksa dks yxHkxvkèkh jkr dks l qyxkuk pkfg, vkSj /; ku j [ksa fd<sj l s yi Vsa u mBs dsoy /kq¡vk fudysA bl l svkl &i M+ksl ds ok;qeaMy dk rki eku c<+ t krk gSvkSj i kyk l s uqdl ku ugha gksrk gSA

l Lrs b±/ku dks t ykdj ¼l qyxkdj½ Ql yksads Åi j /kq¡, dh ,d eksVh i j r QSyk nsus l s i kykl s cpko gks t krk gSA /kq¡, dh bl eksVh pknj dsdkj .k fofdj .k ds }kjk gksus okys ' khryu dks j ksdk; k de fd; k t k l drk gS ft l l s ok;q dk rki ekufgekad l s Åi j cuk jgrk gSA ,sl h n'kk esa i kyki M+us dh l EHkkouk ugha gksrh gSA

fodfl r ns'kksa esa cM+s&cM+s ghVjksa vkSj fo'kkydk;i a[kksa l s gok ds }kjk ewY;oku Ql yksa dh i kyk l sj {kk dh t krh gSA dgha&dgha Ql yksa ds Åi j gokesa gypy i Snk djus ds fy, gokbZ t gkt ksa rFkkgsyhdkIVjksa dk i z; ksx fd; k t krk gSA fdUrq ; g ,dvR;Ur [kphZyk mi k; gSA ok;qe.My esa i ou i zokggksus l s rki eku O;qRØe.krk dk Lrj ugha cuusi krk ft l l s i kyk i M+us dk [krj k nwj gks t krk gSAl a;qDr jk"Vª vesfjdk t Sl s l e) ns'k ds dSyhQksfuZ;k]¶yksfjMk vkfn j kT; ksa esa l arj s ds cxhpksa esa l oZ=ghVj rFkk i a[kksa dh O;oLFkk jgrh gS ft l l s Qyksadks i kyk l s cpk; k t k l dsA

ul Zjh@i kS/k rS; kj djuk% ul Zjh ; k i kS/kksa dks i kWyhgkml ; k cM+s i sM+ksa@o{kksa ds uhps rS; kj djukpkfg,A i kyk }kjk uqdl ku rki eku vFkok vofèki j gh ugha fuHkZj dj rk cfYd i kS/ks dh voLFkk i jHkh fuHkZj dj rk gSA

gjk Hkjk jgrk efnjky; ] t x i j i M+ t k, i kyk]ogk¡ eqgjZe dk re Nk,] ; gk¡ gksfydk dh TokykALoxZ yksd l s l h/kh mrjh ol q/kk i j ] nq[k D;k t kus]i <+s efl Z; k nqfu; k l kjh] bZn eukrh e/kq'kkykA

&gfjoa' k j k; cPpu*

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o"kZ 13 vad 2 m| ku j f' e] 2012

vke ds ckxksa dk dSuksi h i zca/ku ,oa t h.kksZ) kjnq";ar feJ1

dsUnzh; mi ks".k ckxokuh l aLFkku] y[ kuÅ

1oSKkfud ¼o-os-½

vke vi uh fof’k"Vrk vkSj fofo/k xq.koRrkds dkj .k t u l k/kkj .k dk ,d yksdfi z; Qy gSAbl s Qyksa ds j kt k dh Hkh l aKk nh t krh gSA Hkkj resa vke dh yxHkx 40 O;kol kf; d fdLesa gSa ft uesan’kgjh] yaxM+k] pkSl k] vyQkal ks] cSaxui Yyh] uhye]rksrki qjh] dsl j ] Qt jh] fgel kxj vkfn i zeq[k gSaAfo’o ds l Hkh vke mRi knu djus okys ns’kksa esaHkkj r dk vxz.kh LFkku gSA Hkkj r esa vke dkmRi knu 2-296 fefy;u gsDVs; j {ks= esa fd; kt krk gS ft l l s i zfro"kZ 6-6 Vu i zfr gsDVs; jmRi kndrk ds l kFk 15-188 fefy;u Vu mRi knudh i zkfIr gksrh gSA Hkkj r esa vke dh vkSl rmRi kndrk fo’o ds vU; ns’kksa dh rqyuk esa dkQhde gSA vr% ykHki zn vke O;ol k; ds fy; sxq.koRrk ; qDr mRi kndrk esa i zfr bdkbZ o‘f) ykuk,d pqukSrh gSA ns’k esa vke dh mRi kndrk degksus ds vusd dkj .k gSa ft uesa 35&40 i zfr’krckxksa dk vuqRi knd gksuk rFkk o‘{kksa ds ?kusi u dsdkj .k muesa l w;Z ds i zdk’k dh vuqi yC/krk i zeq[kgSA ,sl s ckxksa esa oSKkfud rjhdksa l s dVkbZ&N¡VkbZdj o‘{kksa ds <k¡pksa esa ok¡fNr i fj orZu ykdj l w;Z dsi zdk’k dh mi yC/krk c<+k;h t k l drh gS ft l l si zdk’k l a’ys"k.k dh fØ;k vf/kd gks t krh gSAQyLo: i o‘{kksa dh i q"i u ,oa Qyu {kerk c<+t krh gSA o‘{kksa dh vk;q vkSj mRi kndrk dks n‘f"V

esa j [krs gq, o‘{kksa esa dSuksi h i zca/ku ,oa t h.kksZ) kjdh l aLrqfr dh t krh gSA

e/; e vk; q oxZ ds ckxksa esa dSuksi h i zca/ku

e/;e vk;q oxZ ds ckxksa esa dSuksi h i zcaèkudk mn~ns’; o‘{k dh Å¡pkbZ dks de djuk] l w;Z dsi zdk’k dh mi yC/krk c<+kuk rFkk xq.koRrk okysQyksa dh mRi kndrk esa Hkh of) ykuk gSA

bl dk;Z ds fy; s p; fur o‘{kksa dk fujh{k.kdj rs l e; ; g /; ku j [kuk gksrk gS fd o‘{k esadkSu l h ' kk[kk o‘{k dh dSuksi h ds e/; esa fLFkrvkSj l cl s Å¡ph gSA l kekU; r; k og ,d gh ' kk[kkgksrh gS t ks fd l cl s Å¡ph gksrh gS vkSj dSuksi h dseè; esa fLFkr gksrh gSA bl ' kk[kk dks fpfõr djfnl Ecj ekg esa ml dh mRi fRr ds LFkku l s dkVdj gVk nsuk pkfg,A bl dk;Z gsrq ' kfDrpkfyrvkjh dk mi ; ksx mfpr jgrk gSA ,sl h vkjh l sdkVh x;h l rg l ery ,oa l kQ jgrh gSA dVkbZdj rs l e; dV FkksM+k frjNk jguk pkfg, rkfdcj l kr dk i kuh ogk¡ ,d= u gks l dsA

,sl k djus l s o‘{k dh Å¡pkbZ esa 15&20i zfr’kr dh deh vkrh gS] dSuksi h esa l w;Z ds i zdk’kdh mi yC/krk c<+rh gS rFkk vf/kd Qyr ds l kFkcM+s vkdkj ds xq.koRrk;qDr Qyksa dk i zfr’kr Hkh

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o"kZ 13 vad 2 m| ku j f' e] 2012

c<+ t krk gSA l sUVj vksi fuax dk vl j vkxkeh4&5 o"kZ rd j grk gSA ml ds ckn i qu%vko’;drkuql kj fdl h vU; ' kk[kk dks bl h i zdkjl s gVk;k t k l drk gSA

y[kuÅ dh vke Qy i V~Vh {ks= eky* dsvÅeÅ ,oa l qYrkui qj xk¡oksa esa yxHkx 5000 o‘{kksaesa ; g dk;Z l Qyrki woZd fd; k x; k ,oa {ks= dsckxokuksa us bl s ykHki zn Hkh i k; kA jkT; ckxokuhfe’ku] mRrj i zns’k l jdkj ds uohure vk¡dM+ksaads vuql kj mRrj i zns’k ds vke mRi knd {ks=ksa esa10]000 gsDVs; j esa ckxokuksa us vi us ckxksa esat h.kksZ) kj ,oa l sUVj vksi fuax djok; k gSA

i qj kus ,oa vuqRi knd ckxksa dk t h.kksZ) kj

,sl k ns[kk x; k gS fd 45 l s 50 o"kZ ckn vkeds o‘{kksa dk QSyko@Å¡pkbZ dkQh c<+ t krh gS vkSjo‘{kksa dh ’kk[kk; sa c<+dj nwl j s i sMksa dks Nwus yxrhgSa ft l l s l w;Z dk i zdk’k o‘{kksa ds i .khZ; Hkkxksa esaIk; kZIr ek=k esa ugha i gq¡p i krk gSA l w;Z i zdk’k dsvHkko esa i zdk’k l a’ys"k.k dh fØ;k {kh.k gks t krhgS ft l ds QyLo: Ik dYys ¼i zjksg½ i rys vkSjvLoLFk gks t krs gSa t ks i q"i u ,oa Qyu gsrqvuqi ; ksxh gksrs gSaA ;gh ugha] ,sl s ckxksa esa dhV ,oaO;kf/k; ksa dk i zdksi Hkh c<+ t krk gS ft udk fu;a=.kdfBu gks t krk gS vkSj ckx mRi knu dh n‘f"V l svuqi ; qDr gks t krs gSaA

i qjkus ,oa vuqRi knd ckxksa dks l ewy fudkydj u; s ckx LFkkfi r djuk nh?kZdkyhu ,oa [kphZykfodYi gksrk gSA dsUnzh; mi ks".k ckxokuh l aLFkku]y[kuÅ ds }kjk fodfl r t h.kksZ) kj rduhd

vi ukdj vke ds i qjkus ckxksa dks i qu; kSZou i znkufd; k t k l drk gS vkSj xq.koRRkk;qDr mRi kndrk esao‘f) yk;h t k l drh gSA t h.kkZs) kj rduhd dspj .k fuEuor gSaaA

dVkbZ&N¡VkbZ

i qj kus] ?kus ,oa vkfFkZd n‘f"V l s vuqRi kndo‘{kksa dh l Hkh vok¡fNr ' kk[kkvksa dks i gys fpfõrdj ysrs gSaA fQj fnl Ecj ekg esa fpfõr ' kk[kkvksadks Hkwfe l rg l s yxHkx 2-5 l s 3 ehVj dhÅ¡pkbZ i j ' kfDr pkfyr vkjh l s dVkbZ dj rs gSaAl w[kh] j ksx xzfl r ,oa i sM+ksa ds chp dh ?kuh'kk[kkvksa dks dkVdj fudky nsrs gSaA i .khZ; {ks= dsfodkl ds fy; s l Hkh fn’kkvksa essa mn~xfer i sM+ i jek= 3 l s 4 d‘fUrr ' kk[kk; sa gh j [krs gSaA d‘Urudj rs l e; l ko/kkuh vo’; j [kuh pkfg, fd'kk[kk; sa fupys Hkkx l s QVus u i k; saA vr% i gys'kk[kk dks vkjh l s uhps dh rjQ l s yxHkx15&20 l s-eh- dVkbZ dj rs gSa] fQj Åi jh Hkkx l sd‘Uru dj rs gSaA bl ds ckn Qjojh ds e/; esa o‘{kksa

?kus] i qj kus ,oa vuqRi knd o‘{kksa dk ckx

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o"kZ 13 vad 2 m| ku j f' e] 2012

cspdj gks t krh gSA

l ‘ft r dYyksa dk fojyhdj .k% fnl acj eghus esafd; s x; s d‘Uru ds yxHkx rhu&pkj ekg ckn¼ekpZ&vi zSy½ bu NksMh x;h ' kk[kkvksa i j ckgqY; rkesa u; s dYys fudyrs gSa ft udk ok¡fNr fojyhdj .kvko’;d gSA LoLFk dYyksa ; qDr [kqys i .khZ; {ks= dsfodkl ds fy, ' kk[kkvksa ds ckgjh vksj 8&10LoLFk dYys i zfr ' kk[k j [kdj ' ks"k vok¡fNr dYyksadks t wu ,oa vxLr esa gVk fn; k t krk gSA o‘{k t cQyu esa vk t krs gSa rks ml ds ckn Hkh ?kuki u nwjdjus ds fy, nwl j s ,oa rhl j s o"kks± esa o‘{k ds eè;Hkkx esa fLFkr ’kk[kkvksa dk fojyhdj .k bl rjgdjuk pkfg, fd u;h ' kk[kk; sa l Hkh fn’kkvksa esa

dVkbZ ds mi j kUr ckx

t h.kksZ) kfj r ckx esa u; h dSuksi h dk fodkl

ckx esa vkyw dh vUr%Ql y

ckx esa ew¡x dh vUr%Ql y

uol ‘ft r dYyksa dk foj yhdj .k

ds ruksa ds i kl Fkkys ,oa fl apkbZ dh ukfy; k¡ vo’;cuk nsuh pkfg,A dVkbZ ds ckn i zkj fEHkd nks o"kks±rd ckx esa Qy ugha vkrs gSa] ft l dh {kfri wfrZckx esa vUr%Ql ysa ysdj rFkk vke dh ydM+h

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o"kZ 13 vad 2 m| ku j f' e] 2012

c<+dj o‘{kksa dks ,d LoLFk ,oa mRi knd dSuksi hi znku djsaA

vUr%Ql ysa% dVkbZ&N¡VkbZ ds ckn d‘fUrr o‘{kksa dspkjksa rjQ dkQh [kqyh t xg fey t krh gS] ft l esavUr%Ql ysa ysdj vfrfjDr vkenuh vft Zr dht k l drh gSA t k;n esa rj ksbZ] ykSdh] [khjk] yksfc; kvkSj j ch ds ekSl e esa QwyxksHkh] vkyw] i krxksHkh]xsank bR;kfn Ql ysa i zkj fEHkd i k¡p o"kZ rd ysukykHknk;d i k; k x; k gSA

i ks"k.k , oa t y i zcU/ku% dVkbZ ds ckn i zfr o‘{k1-25 fd-xzk- ;wfj ; k] 3-00 fd-xzk- fl axy l qi jQkLQsV ,oa 1-5 fd-xzk- E;wjsV vkWQ i ksVk’k Qjojhds vUr esa Fkkyksa esa Mkyrs gSaA ;wfj ; k dh ’ks"k ek=k¼1-25 fd-xzk-½ t wu ekg ds vUr esa nsrs gSaA bl dsvfrfjDr t qykbZ ds i zFke l Irkg esa 50 fd-xzk-l M+h xkscj dh [kkn i zfr o‘{k Mkyuk ykHknk;dgksrk gSA moZjd Mkyus ds i woZ Fkkyksa dh vPNhi zdkj l s fujkbZ&xqM+kbZ vo’; djuh pkfg,A o‘{kksadh fl apkbZ ekpZ ds e/; l s ekul wu vkus rd10&12 fnu ds vUrjky i j djuh pkfg; s ft l l s' kk[kkvksa dh o‘f) vPNh gks l ds vkSj uo&l ‘ft rdYys ueh ds vHkko esa l w[kus u i k; saA vi Szy l st wu ekg rd ueh dks l afpr j [kus ds y, vke; k dsys dh i Rrh] l w[kh ?kkl vFkok i qoky Fkkyksa esafcNkuk ¼efYapx½ pkfg,A Qyu esa vk t kus i jckx dk i zca/ku ,d l kekU; ckx dh rjg l s fd;kt krk gSA

i q"i u , oa Qyu% dVkbZ&N¡VkbZ ds mi jkar o‘{kksa dhl ?ku ,oa l kef; d ns[kHkky djus l s d‘fUrr' kk[kkvksa i j l ‘ft r dYys yxHkx nks o"kZ mi jkUr

i q"i u ,oa Qyu esa vkus yxrs gSaA i z; ksxksa dsvkèkkj i j i k; k x; k gS fd t h.kksZ) fj r o‘{kksa l sxq.koRrk;qDr vke dh vkSl ru 80&100 fd-xzk-i zfr o‘{k mi t i zkIr gks t krh gSA bl i zdkjt h.kksZ) kj fof/k }kjk i qjkus ,oa vuqRi knd vke dsckx 20&25 o"kZ ds fy;s iqu% ykHknk;d gks t krs gSaA

f’k[ kkjksi .k ¼VkWi ofd±x½% f’k[kk j ksi .k rduhd}kjk i qjkuh i zt kfr; ksa ,oa cht w mRi fRr ds vuqRi kndo‘{kksa dks uohure ,oa mUur fdLeksa ds l ekos’k}kjk i qu% mRi knd cuk; k t k l drk gSA bl dk;Zgsrq p; fur o‘{kksa esa xgjh dVkbZ ,oa dYyksa dsfojyhdj .k dk dk;Z ml h i zdkj l s dj rs gSa t Sl s

u; s dYyksa i j f’k[kkj ksi .k

Qjoj h ekg esa [kkn ,oa moZjd dk i z; ksx

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o"kZ 13 vad 2 m| ku j f' e] 2012

fd i qjkus o‘{kksa ds t h.kksZ) kj gsrq dj rs gSaA

dVkbZ ds mi jkUr fudys u; s dYyksa esat qykbZ&vxLr ekg esa fdLe dh l kadqj ' kk[k dksi zR;kjksfi r dj f’k[kkjksi .k dj rs gSaA ost xzkf¶aVx;k ohfu; j xzkf¶aVx fof/k }kjk ,d o{k esa 25&30l ft r dYyksa i j f’k[kkjksi .k djuk mfpr jgrkgSA bl ds ckn o{kksa dk l kef; d i zca/ku djukpkfg,A

dhV vkSj O;kf/k i zca/ku% t h.kksZ) kj i zfØ;k dsnkSjku ns[kk x; k gS fd ckx dh l eqfpr ns[kHkkyds vHkko esa d‘fUrr o‘{k dHkh&dHkh rukHksnd dhVl s xzfl r gks t krk gSA bl dhV ds i zca/ku gsrq dhV}kjk cuk, l qjk[k esa yksgs dh i ryh rhyh MkydjdhV ds ykokZ dks ckgj fudky dj u"V dj nsrsgSa vkSj dhVuk’kh nok MkbDyksjokl ¼DDVP½ esaHkhxh : bZ ds Qkgs dks Nsn essa j [kdj ] Nsn dks xhyh

ruk Hksnd dhV

feV~Vh l s can dj nsrs gSa ft l l s fd nok dh xSll s dhV ds ykokZ vkfn ej t k; saA ; fn dhV dkmfpr vkSj l kef; d fu;a=.k u fd; k x; k rks o‘{kl w[k Hkh l drs gSaA vr% l q>ko fn; k t krk gS fdckxoku fo’ks"kdj bl dhV ds i zfr vo’; l t xjgsa vkSj de&l s&de nks o"kZ rd d‘fUrr o‘{kksa dkl kef; d vkSj l ?ku i zca/ku djsa] vU;Fkk ykHk dht xg uqdl ku gks l drk gSA l ‘ft r dYyksa dh i Rrh[kkus okyk dhV ekul wu esa vf/kd {kfr i gq¡pkl drk gSA dhVuk’kh nok dkcZfjy ¼nks xzke i zfryhVj½ i kuh esa ?kksydj 12&15 fnu ds varjkyi j nks fNM+dko dj bl dhV dk fu;a=.k fd; k t kl drk gSA i .khZ; /kCcksa dh j ksdFkke ds fy, dkWi jvkWDl hDyksjkbM ; k dkWi j gkbMªkDl kbM ¼3 xzkei zfr yhVj i kuh½ dk ?kksy cukdj fNM+dko djukpkfg,A

ruk Hksnd dhV l s xzfl r o‘{k

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o"kZ 13 vad 2 m| ku j f' e] 2012

i qjkus ckxksa dk t h.kksZ) kj u; s ckxksa dk jksi .k 1- de ykxr vkrh gSA 2- t h.kksZ) fj r ckx rhl j s o"kZ l s Qyu esa vk t krs

gSa rFkk i k¡pos o"kZ l s O;kol kf; d mRi knu i zkjEHk gks t krk gSA

3- bu ckxksa dks uhyxk; , oa vU; i ' kqvksa l s uqdl ku ugha gksrk gSA

4- i qjkus o{kksa dk ewyoUr ,oa t M+ ra= dkQh et cwr , oa foLrr gksrk gS ft l ds dkj .k fl apkbZ t y dh de mi yC/krk gksus i j Hkh o{kksa dh eR;qnj ugha c<+rh gSA

1- vf/kd ykxr vkrh gSA 2- uojksfi r ckx pkSFks&i k¡pos o"kZ l s Qyu esa

vkrs gSa rFkk nl osa o"kZ l s O;kol kf; d mRi knu i zkjEHk gksrk gSA

3- uojksfi r ckxksa dks uhyxk; ,oa i kyrw i ' kqvksa l s vf/kd uqdl ku gksrk gSA

4- uojksfi r i kS/kksa dk t M+ ra= foLr r ugha gksrk gS ft l ds dkj .k fl apkbZ t y dh de mi yC/krk i j i kS/kksa dh eR;qnj vR; f/kd c<+ t krh gSA

vusd ckj ckxokuksa dk rdZ gksrk gS fdi qjkus ,oa vuqRi knd o‘{kksssaaa dk t h.kkZs) kj D; ksa djsaa \oks ,sl s o‘{kksa dks l ewy gVk dj u; k j ksi .k djus

ds i {k esa jgrs gSA l aLFkku us nksuksa gh i zdkj dsckxksa dk v/; ; u fd; k ft l dk rqyukRed fooj .kbl i zdkj gSA

gjk&Hkjk jgrk efnjky; ]t x i j i M+ t k, i kyk]ogk¡ eqgjZe dk re Nk,]; gk¡ gksfydk dh Tokyk(LoxZ yksd l s l h/kh mrjhol q/kk i j ] nq[k D;k t kus(i <+s efl Z; k nqfu; k l kj h

bZn eukrh e/kq'kkyk&gfjoa' k j k; cPpu*

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o"kZ 13 vad 2 m| ku j f' e] 2012

fV’kw dYpj dsyk dh mRrj i zns’k esa O; kol kf; d Âsrhj ke dqekj 1

dssUnzh; mi ks".k ckxokuh l aLFkku] y[ kuÅ

Hkkj r esa dssyk dh Âsrh Áfndky l s dh t kjgh gSA dsyk dk /kkfeZd dk; ks± esa ,oa O;kol kf; dLrj i j cgqr egRo gSA bl ds i ©/ks dk i wjk Hkkxfdl h&u&fdl h rjg l s mi ; x esa yk; k t krk gSAbl dk Qy Lokfn"V] i ©f"Vd] i kpd] l Lrk ,oadkQh y dfi z; gSA bl ds Qy a esa ÓdjkZ ,oa [kfutyoÆ t Sl s QkLQj l rFkk dSfYl ; e i zpqj ek=k esai k; s t krs gSaA Qy dk mi ; ksx [kkus ,oa l Ct h cukusds vykok vkVk] fpIl vkfn cukus esa fd; k t krkgSA i gys dssyk dh Âsrh Hkkj r ds m".k ,oa mi ks".kÕs=a esa gh dh t krh Éh ysfdu vYi vof/k esa dsykdh Âsrh l s vf/kd vk; i zkIr gksssus dss dkjÆbl dh Âsrh mRrj i znsÓ dss vusd i wohZ ft y a esarst h l s c<+ jgh gSA

Hkwfe ,oa t yok; q

dsyk dh [ksrh yxHkx l Hkh i zdkj dh Hkwfeesa dh t k l drh gS ysfdu ,yqfOk;y Hkwfe ft l esat y fudkl dh l eqfpr O;oLFkk gks dsyk dh [ksrhds fy, vf/kd mi ;qDr gksrh gSA Hkwfe dk i h-,p-eku 6 l s 7-5 rd mfpr i k; k x; k gSA ysfdu8.5 i h-,p- eku rd bl dh Âsrh dh t k l drhgSA

[ksrh

mRrjh Hkkj r esa xzkUM usu fdLe O;kol kf; d[ksrh ds fy, mRre i k; h x;h gSA

i kS/k yxkus dk l e;% mÙkj Hkkj r esa dsyk dhi Snkokj ] xq.koRrk rFkk ,d Ql y esa yxus okykl e; i kS/kk yxkus ds l e; ,oa i kS/k l kexzh i jfuHkZj dj rk gSA ; fn mfpr vkdkj ds fV'kw dYpjds i kS/ks Qjojh eghus esa yxkrs gSa rks uoEcj&fnl Ecjrd Qy rS; kj gksus dh l EHkkouk jgrh gSA ebZ esai kS/kk yxkus i j Qjojh l s vi zSy rd Qy rS; kjgksr s gSaA t qykbZ esa i kS/kk yxkus i j Qyfl rEcj&vDVwcj esa rS; kj gksrs gSaA ,d l e; esacgqr cM+s {ks= esa i kSèk j ksi .k l s dher fxjus dhl EHkkouk jgrh gSA bl fy, vyx&vyx l e; esai kS/k j ksi .k djuk pkfg,A

xM~<ksa dh [ kqnkbZ ,oa HkjkbZ% i gys [ksr dks l erydj ysaA fQj 4&5 xgjh t qrkbZ ds ckn i kVkyxkdj drkj&l s&drkj ,oa i kS/ks&l s&i kS/ks dh nwjhoxkZdkj jhfr l s 1-8 x 1-5 eh- ; k 1-8 x 3-6eh- ¼rhu i qRrh i zfr xM~<k½ dh nwjh i j fu’kkuyxkdj i zR;sd fu’kku i j 40 x 40 x 40 l s-eh-vkdkj ds xM~<k [kksn ysuk pkfg,A rRi ’pkr

1i z/kku oSKkfud

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o"kZ 13 vad 2 m| ku j f' e] 2012

i zR;sd xM~<k esa 15&20 fdyksxzke xkscj dh [kkn]50 xzke QkyhMky MLV] 10&15 xzke dkcksZQ~;wjkWu]50 xzke QkLQksj l rFkk Åi j dh feV~Vh feykdjHkj nsaA 1-8 x 1.5 eh- dh nwjh i j 3703 i kS/ksrFkk 1-8 x 3-6 eh- ¼rhu i qRrh i zfr xM~<k½ dhnwjh i j 4500 i kS/ks i zfr gsDVs; j yxrs gSaA

i ks"k.k% dsyk Hkwfe l s cgqr vf/kd i ks"kd rRo[khaprk gS ft l ds fy, Hkwfe dh moZj rk ds vuql kji zfr i kS/kk 350&400 xzke ukbVªkst u] 100 xzkeQkLQksjl rFkk 350&400 xzke i ksVk’k dh vko’;drkgksrh gSA ; fn dsyk ds i sM+ dh j ksi kà t qykà esa dhx;h gks rks QkLQksj l dh vk/kh ek=k j ksi kbZ l s i woZ]1@4 ek=k vDVwcj esa ,oa ' ks"k 1@4 ek=k ekpZ esansaA ukbVªkst u dks 4&5 cj kcj Hkkxksa esa ck¡V ysa rFkki gyh ek=k i kS/k j ksi .k ds 30&40 fnu Ckkn nsukpkfg, ,oa vU; ' ks"k ek=k i zR;sd nwl js eghus nsrsjguk pkfg,A ysfdu vfèkd BaMd okys fnuksa esamoZjd ugha nsuk pkfg,A i ksVk’k dks Òh 4 Hkkxksaa esack¡Vdj nks Hkkx i kS/ks dh of) ds fy, ] vxLr rFkkvDVwcj esa rFkk nks Hkkx Qyksa dh xq.koRrk esa of)ds fy, vi zSy ,oa t qykbZ esa MkysaA fnl Ecj&t uojh esa [kkn ugha Mkyuh pkfg,A

?kkSan rFkk Qyksa dh o‘f) ds fy, 2 i zfr ' kri ksVSf’k;e l YQsV ¼20 xzke i zfr yhVj½ dk nks ckj ]i gyk Qwy rksM+us ds l e; rFkk nwl jk ,d eghusds ckn fNM+dko djuk pkfg,A

l w{e rRoksa dk i z; ksx% xq.koRrk;qDr ,oa vPNhi Snkokj ysus ds fy, dsys esa l w{e rRoksa dk i z; ksxdjuk Òh vko’;d gSA l w{e rRo t Sl s ft ad] yksgk

vkSj cksjku dh Hkwfe esa vf/kdrj deh i k; h t krhgSA bl ds fy, j k"Vªh; dsyk vuql a/kku dsUnz]fRk#fpjki Yyh }kjk fodfl r cukuk ' kfDr dk 10xzke i zfr i kS/kk i z; ksx djuk pkfg, vFkok ft ad dhi wfrZ gsrq 0-5 i zfr ' kr ft ad l YQsV rFkk cksjku dhi wfrZ gsrq 0-1 i zfr ' kr cksjsDl dk fNM+dko djukpkfg,A

fujkbZ&xqM+kbZ% [ksr esa Ql y dh Bhd l s o‘f) ,oavPNh mi t gsrq [ksr dks [kj i rokjksa l s eqDrj [ kuk vko’; d gSA fujkbZ&xqM+kbZ ; kaf=d ; kjkl k; fud fof/k l s Hkh dj l drs gSaaA dBksj i Rrhokys [kj i rokjksa ds fy, 8 fe-yh- [kj i rokjuk’khok eqyk;e i Rrh okys [kj i rokjksa ds fy, 6 eh-yh-Ikzfr yhVj ds fgl kc l s [kj i rokjuk’kh dk fNM+dkonks ckj djuk pkfg,A

fl apkbZ% i kS/kksa dh o‘f) gsrq [ksr esa cjkcj ueh dkgksuk vko’;d gS] fdUrq t y Hkjko ugha gksukpkfg,A dsys ds ckx esa xfeZ;ksa esa 7&10 fnu i jrFkk ’khrdky esa 12&15 fnu i j fl apkbZ dj rs gSaaAQyksa dh o‘f) ds l e; ueh cuk; s j [kuk vko’;dgS vU;Fkk Qyksa dh o‘f) i j foi jhr i zÒko i M+rkgSA IkkS/kkSa ds pkjksa rjQ i yokj djUks l s yxHkx 40i zfr ' kr rd fl apkà dh ek=k cpk;h t k l drh gSA

i qRrh fudkyuk% i kS/kksa ds vxy&cxy l s fudyusokyh i qfRr; ksa dks dkVrs jguk pkfg,A t c yxHkx50 i zfr ' kr i kS/kkSa esa Qwy vk t k; sa rc ,d i qRrhl Hkh i kS/kkSa esa NksM+ nsuk pkfg,A ; fn 50 i zfr ' krQwy uoEcj&t uojh esa vk; sa rks i qfRr; ksa dks t kM+sds ckn Qjojh esa NksM+uk pkfg,A

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uj Qwy ds xqPNs dkVuk% ?kkSan ds fupys Hkkx i jyVdrs uj Qwy ds xqPNs dks dkV nsuk pkfg,A ujQwy ds xqPNs dks eknk Qwy l s 6 bap NksM+ djdkVuk pkfg,A

i kS/kksa dks l gkjk nsuk% cj l kr l s i gys ,d i afDrds l Hkh i kS/kksa i j nksuksa rjQ l s feV~Vh p<+k nsuhpkfg, rFkk ?kkj fudkyrs l e; ckWl @ydM+h dhdSaph cukdj i kS/kksa dks nks rjQ l s l gkjk nsukpkfg,A

Qyksa dk BaM l s cpko% BaMd ds nkSjku vkus okysQyksa dks de rki eku ds dkj .k gksus okyh {kfr l scpko gsrq ?kkSan dks vf/kd BaMd okys fnuksa esa 100xst okyh i kWyhFkhu l s <d nsuk pkfg,A bl esa 6i zfr ' kr rd fNnz dj nsuk pkfg, ft l l s gok dkvkokxeu gksrk jgsA

ÄkSan dh dVkbZ% Qwy fudyus l s yxHkx 25&30fnu esa i wjh Qfy; k¡ fudy vkrh gSaA i wjh Qfy; k¡fudyus ds ckn yxHkx 100 l s 140 fnu esa QyrS;kj gks t krs gSaA t c Qfy; ksa dh pkjksa /kkfj ; k¡frdksuh u jgdj xksykbZ ysdj i hyh gksus yxsa rc?kkSan dks dkV nsuk pkfg,A

Ql y l qj {kk

mRrj i zns’k esa eq[; r% fuEufyf[kr j ksx ,oadhVksa dk i zdksi i k; k x; k gSA

i Rrh /kCck ; k i .kZfpRrh ¼l hxkVksdk½ jksx% ; gjksx bl {ks= esa vf/kdrj o"kkZ ds ckn vDVwcj l s' kq: gksrk gSA 'kq: esa i fRr; ksa i j gYds i hsys ; k gjhi hyh /kkfj ; ksa ds : i esa /kCcs curs gSa rFkk ckn esa

cM+s gksdj vki l esa fey t krs gSa ft l ds dkj .kl Ei w.kZ i Rrh >qyl dj yVd t krh gSA bl dhjksdFkke gsrq fMªi fl apkbZ fof/k dks vi uk; s D;ksafdvf/kd vknzZrk ,oa de rki eku l s ; g j ksx vfèkdQSyrk gSA i kS/kksa ds j ksx xzLr i fRr; ksa dks dkV djt yk nsuk pkfg,A QQw¡nuk’kd nok t Sl s i zksi hDukst ksy0-1 i zfr ' kr dks /kkuqdki ; k vU; fdl h fpi dusokys i nkFkZ ds l kFk feykdj 3&4 ckj 2&3 l Irkgds vUr jky l s fNM+dko djuk pkfg,A vU;QQw¡nuk’kd nok; sa t Sl s 0.1 i zfr ' kr dkcsZUMkft edk 3&4 ckj fNM+dko djus l s fu;a=.k fd; k t kl drk gSA

' kh"kZ xqPNk ¼caph Vki ½% ; g j ksx ,d fo"kk.kq dsdkj .k gksrk gSA bl j ksx l s i zÒkfor i kSèkksa ds ' kh"kZi j i fRr; ksa dk xqPNk cu t krk gS rFkk i kSèks ckSusjg t krs gSaA bl l s cpko gsrq l aØfer i kS/kksa dksfudky dj u"V dj nsuk pkfg,A

Qy foxyu ¼,UFkzsdukst ½% bl o"kZ ; g chekjhbl {ks= esa dkQh i k;h x;hA bl ds dkj .k Qyksa i jdkys nkx i M+ t krs gSaA Qyksa dk fupyk fgLl kl M+us yxrk gSA bl ds fu;a=.k gsrq 0-1 i zfr ' krdkcsZUMkft e dk 3&4 ckj fNM+dko djuk pkfg,A

dsyk dk ?kqu@ruk Òsnd ¼cukuk ohoy½% ; gdhV dkQh uqdl kunk;d gSA bl dk vfèkdrji zdksi 5&6 ekg i qjkus i kS/kksa i j gksrk gSA ;g rusi j NksVs&NksVs dkys Nsn cukrk gS ft ul s xksanfudyrk gS vkSj /khjs&/khjs i kS/ks VwV dj fxjusyxrs gSaA i zkjEÒ esa bl ds Nsn fn[kk;h ugha nsrsysfdu i kS/kksa dh i fRr; k¡ Åi j l s /khjs&/khjs i hyhgksuk 'kq: gksus yxrh gSaA bl dk i zdksi dkQh rst h

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l s QSyrk gSA bl ds fu;a=.k ds fy, i zÒkfor l w[khi fRr; ksa ,oa i kS/kksa dks Uk"V dj nsuk pkfg,A i zÒkfori kS/ks dks dkV dj dhMs+ dks fudky dj ekj nsa fQji kS/ks ds ,d&,d QqV ds VqdMs+ dkV dj ml dkschp l s QkM+ dj chp okys Òkx dks uhps dh rjQdj ds dsyk ds ckx esa t xg&t xg j [k nsaA dsykdh xU/k l s bl ds I;wi s vkdf"kZr gksdj bu VqdM+ksaesa vk t krs gSaA bu VqdM+ksa dks nwl js fnu ,d= dju"V dj nsuk pkfg,A ; fn i zdksi vf/kd gks x; kgks rks 350 fe-yh- eksuksØksVksQkl esa 150 fe-yh-i kuh feykdj ?kksy cuk ysa fQj bl ?kksy esa l s 2fe-yh- ?kksy dks t ehu l s 2 QqV dh Å¡pkbZ i jl wbZ l s i kS/ks esa yxk; sa rFkk 2 fe-yh- ?kksy dks t ehul s 4 QqV dh Å¡pkbZ i j l wbZ l s i kS/ks esa yxk; sa]ysfdu l qbZ i kS/ks ds 2&3 i Rrh rd gh vUnj t k; svU;Fkk i kS/ks dks uqdl ku i gq¡prk gSA

Òaxq chVy ¼ckukuk LØfoax chVy½% bl dk i zdksivf/kdrj fl rEcj&vDVwcj esa vf/kd gksrk gSysfdu vi zSy&ebZ esa Òh bl dk i zdksi i k; k x; k gSA;g Òwjs yky jax ds dhV gksrs gSaA ;g eqyk;eQfy; ksa ,oa i fRr; ksa dks [kkrs gSa ft l l s mu i j[kj ksap ds fu'kku cu t krs gSaA ckt kj esa budkewY; dkQh de feyrk gSA bl ds fu;a=.k gsrq 1.5fe-yh- i zfr yh- , l hQsV ; k yseCMkl kbDyksFkjhudk fNM+dko djuk pkfg,A

i Rrh [ kkus okyk dSVj fi yj ¼Li ksMsIVjk fyVwjk½%; g vUnj l s fcuk [kqyh i fRr; ksa dks [kkrk gS]ft l l s i Rrh ds [kqyus i j ml esa Nsn fn[kk;h nsrsgSaA bl ds fu;U=.k gsrq 1-5 fe-yh- i zfr yh-dkcksZl YQku ; k , l hQsV ; k yseCMkl kbDyksFkjhudk fNM+dko djuk pkfg,A ; g ' kke ds l e;T; knk l fØ; gksrk gS bl fy, bl ds fu;U=.k gsrq'kke dks dhVuk'kkd dk fNM+dko djuk pkfg,A

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vk¡oyk dh oSKkfud [ksrh ,oa vkS"k/kh; mi ; ksxvt ; dqekj f=osnh1] l qj s' k dqekj oekZ2] x.ks' k yky3 , oa j ru j ke vk; kZ4

j k"Vªh; i kni vkuqokaf' kd l al k/ku C;wjks] {ks=h; dsUnz] Hkokyh

Hkkst u esa Qyksa dk fo'ks"k egRo gksrk gSAQyksa esa fofHkUu i zdkj ds [kfut rRo] yo.k]foVkfeu ,oa i zfrvkWDl hdkjd i k; s t krs gSa t ksLokLF;oèkZd ,oa i kSf"Vd gksrs gSaA Qyksa esa i k; s t kusokys fofHkUu rRo] ; kSfxd] foVkfeu , oai zfrvkWDl hdkjd fofHkUu jksxksa ds mi pkj esa Hkhdke vkrs gSaA Qy dh [ksrh djus dh oSKkfudfofèk dh t kudkjh gksus i j de l al k/kuksa dk Hkhmfpr mi ; ksx dj budk mRi knu c<+k;k t kl drk gSA

vk¡oyk ¼bf.M;u xwt csjh½ dks vkeyh]vksykfd] vek=h] vEckyk] vkeydkew vkfn fofHkUuukeksa l s t kuk t krk gSA mRrjk[k.M ds dqN {ks=ksa esabl s vaxky uke l s Hkh t kuk t krk gSA ;g ;wQksj fc,l hi fjokj dk i kS/kk gS ft l dk oSKkfud uke bEcfydkvksfQfl usfyl gSA ;g ,d e/; e vkdkj okyki kSèkk gS ft l ds i Rrs l kekU; r; k gjs jax ds gksrs gSavkSj l ajpuk i a[kksa ds l eku gksrh gSA vk¡oys dkQwy cl Ur _rq ds vkjEHk esa f[kyuk ' kq: gksrkgSA bl ds Qy esa foVkfeu l h i zpqj ek=k esa i k; ht krh gSA vk¡oys dh fofHkUu i zdkj dh t yok;q esal Qyrki woZd i Snkokj dh t k l drh gSA

Hkwfe ,oa t yok; q i zoZ/ku rduhd

vk¡oyk dh [ksrh ds fy, t ehu dks vPNsrjg l s t ksrdj cjkcj dj ysuk pkfg,A vk¡oykds nks i kS/kksa ds chp dh nwjh moZj Hkwfe esa 10 x 10eh- l s 12 x 12 eh- rFkk de moZj Hkwfe esa 8 x8 eh- j [kh t krh gSA vk¡oys ds i kSèk j ksi .k ds fy,ebZ&t wu ekg esa 1 ?ku ehVj ¼yEckbZ x pkSM+kbZ xÅ¡pkbZ½ ds xM~<s [kksns t kus pkfg,A xM~<s [kksnus dsi ’pkr mUgsa 15&20 fnu ds fy, /kwi esa [kqyk NksM+fn; k t krk gSA nks l Irkg ds ckn i zR;sd xM~<s dks25&30 fd-xzk- xkscj dh [kkn ,oa xM~<s dh Åi jhfeV~Vh l s <+d fn; k t krk gSA LoLFk i kS/kksa dks o"kkZ_rq esa j ksi k t krk gSA u; s yxk; s x; s i kS/kksa dhfl apkbZ 15 fnu ds vUrjky i j dh t krh gSA ;grc rd vko' ; d gS t c rd fd i kS/ks vPNhi zdkj l s LFkkfi r u gks t k; saA o;Ld i kS/kksa esa vIkzSyl s t wu ekg rd l Irkg esa ,d ckj fl apkbZ dht krh gSA e‘nk esa ueh de gksus dh fLFkfr esavko' ; drkuql kj fl apkbZ djuh pkfg,A vDVwcjl s ekpZ rd i zR;sd nks l s rhu l Irkg ds vUrjkyi j fl apkbZ dh vko' ; drk gksrh gSA

1ofj "B oSKkfud] 2i z/kku oSKkfud] 3ofj "B ' kks/kdrkZ ,oa 4rduhdh vf/kdkj h

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dVkbZ&N¡VkbZ

vk¡oyk dh 'kk[kk,¡ cgqr vf/kd ek=k esaQyksa l s ynh gksrh gSaA bl ds i sM+ dh ydfM+;k¡ Hkaxqji zofRr dh gksrh gS ft l ds dkj .k os vf/kd Hkkjugha l gu dj i krha vkSj VwV t krh gSaA i kS/kksa dksl gh vkdkj nsus ds fy, dVkbZ&N¡VkbZ vko' ; d gSAi sM+ dk eq[; ruk t c t ehu l s 0-75&1-00 ehVjdh Å¡pkbZ dk gks t k; s rc ml l s ' kk[kk,¡ fudyusnsuh pkfg,A i kS/kksa dh 'kk[kkvksa dks l h<+huqek <k¡pknsuk pkfg,A i kS/kksa esa 4&6 vPNh 'kk[kk,¡ gksuhpkfg, ft ueas vki l dh nwjh vPNh gks rkfd muesaof) vPNh gks l dsA i kSa/kks esa i zR;sd o"kZ Qy rksM+usds mi jkar N¡VkbZ djuh pkfg,A l w[kh] j ksxxzLrdet ksj rFkk vki l esa my>h 'kk[kkvksa dks N¡VkbZ}kjk vyx dj nsuk pkfg,A

[kkn ,oa moZj d

vk¡oyk ds i kS/kksa esa j kl k; fud [kkn ,oadhVuk'kdksa dk mi ; ksx l kekU; r; k ugha fd; k t krkgSA i zt kfr; ksa dh vko' ; drkuql kj xkscj dh [kkn]oehZdEi ksLV] gjs i Rrksa dh l M+h [kkn vkfn dkmi ; ksx djuk pkfg,A fl racj rFkk vDVwcj ekgesa u; s i kS/kksa esa 15&20 fd-xzk- rFkk o;Ld i kS/kksa esa30&40 fd-xzk- xkscj dh [kkn i zfr o"kZ nsuhpkfg,A t c i kS/kk 10 o"kZ dk gks t k; s rc ml s i zfro"kZ 300 xzk- ukbVªkst u rFkk bl ds ckn 600&900xzk- ukbVªkst u dh vko' ; drk gksrh gSA i zR;sdo;Ld i kS/ks dks 1&1-5 fd-xzk- l qi jQkLQsV rFkkE;wjsV vkQ i ksVk'k moZjd i zfr o"kZ nsuk pkfg,Abu moZjdksa dk i z; ksx nks ckj esa vyx&vyx

l e; i j fl racj&vDVwcj esa rFkk nwl jk vi zSy&ebZesa djuk pkfg,A

xehZ ds ekSl e esa ul Zjh csM esa NksVs i kS/kksa dks?kkl dh i yokj ] xsgw¡ ; k /kku ds Hkwl s l s <d djj [kuk pkfg, ft l l s fd Hkwfe esa ueh cuk; sa j [kht k l dsA dkcZfud i nkFkks± }kjk dh x;h eyfpaxHkwfe esa dkcZfud i nkFkks± dh ek=k c<+krh gS rFkkyo.kksa dh Åi jh fn'kk esa xfr dks Hkh jksdrh gSAvk¡oyk ds i kS/kksa ds e/; ds fj Dr LFkku esai zkj fEHkd o"kks± esa vUrj [ksrh ds : i esa puk] eVjvkfn Ql ysa yxk;h t krh gaSA bl i zdkj [ksrh djusl s nks Qk;ns gksrs gaSA fjDr LFkku esa mxus dsvykok ; s Ql ysa ukbVªkst u dk LFkkuhdj .k djHkwfe esa ukbVªkst u dh ek=k c<+krh gSaA ve: n]djkSank] Qkyl k bR;kfn dks Hkh vk¡oys ds l kFkvUrj [ksrh ds : i esa yxk; k t k l drk gSAysX;wfeusl h Ql ysa vUrj [ksrh ds : i esa 8 o"kZrd i Snk dh t k l drh gSaA ,sl k rc rd fd; k t kl drk gS t c rd i kS/kk vPNh i Snkokj nsuk i zkjEHkugha dj rk gSA ; fn vPNh rkjckM+ dh O;oLFkk gksrks dqN Qwy okys i kS/ks t Sl s XysfM;ksyl ] V;wcjkstrFkk esjhxksYM dh Hkh vUrj [ksrh ds : i esai Snkokj dh t k l drh gSA

i zo/kZu rduhd

vk¡oys dks l k/kkj .kr; k cht l s i zof/kZr fd; kt krk gSA fdUrq cht }kjk rS; kj fd; s x; s i kS/ksdkQh vof/k ds ckn Qy nsrs gSa t ks vkdkj esa NksVs,oa det ksj gksrs gSaA bl fy, dkf; d i zoèkZu xzkf¶VaxrFkk cfMax dks i zkFkfedrk nh t krh gSA

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cht i kS/kk rS; kj djus ds fy, l oZi zFket uojh&Qjojh ekg esa Qy dks l q[kkdj chtfudky fy; k t krk gSA vPNh o‘f) ds fy, bdV~Bkfd; s x; s cht ksa dks 200&500 i h-i h-,e- ft cj sfydvEy l s mi pkfj r fd; k t krk gSA mi pkfj r cht ksadks ul Zjh csM esa ekpZ&vi zSy esa cks; k t krk gSA nsjl s cks; s x; s cht ,d gh o"kZ esa cfMax gsrq rS; kjgks i krs gaSA ekpZ&vi zSy esa cks; k x; k cht nks g¶rksaesa vadqfj r gks t krk gS vkSj 90&100 fnuksa esai safl y ds vkdkj ds cjkcj eksVkbZ i zkIr dj ysrkgS t ks cfMax xzkf¶Vax esa mi ; ksx gksrk gSA

Hkwfe rFkk t yok; q

vk¡oyk dh i Snkokj i kuh fudyus dh mfprO;oLFkk okyh mi t kÅ nkseV Hkwfe i j l Qyrki woZddh t krh gSA vk¡oyk esa l w[kk dks l gu djus dh{kerk gksrh gS rFkk ; g e/; e {kkjh; e‘nk esa Hkhmi t k; k t k l drk gSA vk¡oyk ,d l e'khrks".kQy gS fdUrq ; g ' khrks".k LFkku esa Hkh yxk; k t krkgSA vk¡oyk ds i kSèks esa xeZ gok rFkk i kys dk T; knki zHkko ugha i M+rk gSA i fj i Do i kS/ks esa 450 l s-xsz-rd rki eku l gus dh {kerk gksrh gSA xeZ _rq esaQwyksa ds f[kyus dh i zkjafHkd voLFkk 'kq: gks t krhgSA i ; kZIr ek=k esa vknzZrk Qyksa dh o‘f) ds fy,vko' ; d gksrh gSA

i q"i u

vk¡oyk ds i kS/kksa esa i q"Iku ekpZ ds vfUrel Irkg esa i zkjEHk gks t krk gaSA uj i q"i xqPNksa ds: i esa yxs jgrs gSaA T;knkrj uj ,oa eknk i q"Ik

l k; a 4&5 ct s ds e/; esa f[kyrs gSaA eknk i q"ii w.kZr; k f[kyus ds fy, 72 ?kaVs ysrk gSA vk¡oyk dsi kS/kksa esa ok;q] e/kqeD[kh vkfn }kjk i j kx.k gksrk gSAbl ds i j kxd.k gYds gksrs gaS rFkk T; knk ek=k esacurs gSaA

Qy o‘f) rFkk fodkl

cl Ur _rq esa fu"kspu ds rqjUr ckn i j kx.k¼36 ?kaVs ds ckn gksrk gS½ ds ckn Hkzw.k l ql qIrkoLFkkesa jgrk gS rFkk vaMk'k; t qykbZ rd dksbZ Hkh ckº;y{k.k i znf' kZr ugha dj rk gSA bl ds ckn bl esa rst hl s o‘f) gksrh gSA dqN Lke; ckn o‘f) /kheh i M+t krh gS vkSj Qyksa ds vkdkj esa T; knk o‘f) ughagksrh gSA

rqM+kbZ

vk¡oyk dk ekr‘ i kS/kk] i kS/k jksi .k ds 7&8 o"kZesa Qy nsuk i zkjEHk dj rk gS t cfd cfMax ; kxzkf¶Vax }kjk rS; kj fd; k x; k i kS/kk 4 o"kZ dhvoLFkk l s gh Qy nsuk i zkjEHk dj nsrk gSA Qyksadh rqM+kbZ ; k rks fnu ds i gys ?kaVksa esa ; k ckn ds?kaVksa esa dh t krh gSA Qyksa dh rqM+kbZ dk l oksZRrel e; fnl Ecj&t uojh ekg gksrk gS D;ksafd bl hl e; Qyksa esa ,LdkfcZd vEy i zpqj rk esa ,df=rjgrk gSA nf{k.k Hkkj r esa vk¡oyk dk Qy i wjs o"kZi k; k t krk gSA Qyksa dh rqM+kbZ ds ckn mudsvkdkj ds vuql kj Js.khdj .k fd; k t krk gSAvk¡oyk Qy dks rhu xzsM esa ck¡Vk t krk gS& cM+k]e/; e rFkk NksVkA vk¡oys dks rqM+kbZ ds Ik'pkr ,dl Irkg rd l k/kkj .k rki eku i j j [kk t k l drkgSA

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o"kZ 13 vad 2 m| ku j f' e] 2012

i zfrvkWDl hdkj d ewY;

vk¡oyk i zfrvkWDl hdkjd dk ,d vPNk l zksrgSA ;g ,d vPNk ,saVh&,ft ax fjTkqfousfVo gS t ks'kjhj i j vk;q dk i zHkko ugha i M+us nsrk gSA vr%;g vk;q ds i zHkko dks de djus okyh vkS"kf/k; ksaesa dke vkrk gSA vk¡oyk esa VSfuu gksus ds dkj .k; g foVkfeu l h dks de ugha gksus nsrk gS D;ksafdVSfuu vkWDl hdj .k dks de dj rk gSA

i zeq[k j ksx rFkk dhV

Qy l M+u% ; g j ksx i Sful hfy;e QQw¡n l s gksrk gSt ks Qy i fj i Dork] Qyksa ds HkaMkj.k rFkk LFkkukUrj.kds l e; yxrk gSA bl esa Qyksa esa t y ds l ekuèkCcs fn[kk;h nsrs gSa t ks Qwy t krs gSa RkFkk i gys i hysHkwjs jax rFkk ckn esa dkys jax ds fn[kk;h nsrs gSaA;s /kCcs /khjs&/khjs vkdkj esa c<+rs gSa rFkk Qyxyu ds y{k.k i znf' kZr dj rs gSaA t c Qy esa ; sy{k.k fn[kuk i zkjEHk gksrs gSa rc ,sl s Qyksa dksvyx dj ysuk pkfg, vkSj 0-1&0-5 i zfr’krcksjsDl rFkk l ksfM;e DyksjkbM l s mi pkfj r djukpkfg,A

yhQ&jLV% ; g ekul wu ds ckn fl racj ekg esavkØe.k dj rk gSA i kS/kksa eas Hkwjs fu'kku Qy ,oai Rrs nksuksa i j fn[kk;h nsrs gSaA ; s fu’kku Qy vkSji Rrksa dks uqdl ku i gq¡pkrs gSaA bl ds fu;a=.k gsrqi kS/ks i j MkbFksu ,e 45 ¼0-037%½ rFkk b.MksfQy,e 45 ¼0-03%½ dk fNM+dko djuk pkfg,Ai gyk fNM+dko fl racj ekg ds i gys l IRkkg esa rFkknwl jk 15 fnu ds ckn djuk pkfg,A ; g j ksxfj usfufy; k bEcfydh uked QQw¡n l s gksrk gSA

l wV xkWy esdj% ; g dSVj fi yj rus esa fNnz djfi Fk rd i gq¡p t krk gSA ;g vxLr&fl racj¼ekul wu½ esa vkØe.k dj rk gS RkFkk {kfrxzLr LFkkuesa xkWy ds l eku jpuk cuk ysrk gSA {kfrxzLrHkkxksa dh N¡VkbZ dj nsuh pkfg, rFkk dhV ds ykokZdks u"V djus gsrq 0.05 i zfr’kr eksuksØksVksQkl dki z; ksx djuk pkfg,A

ckdZ bZfVax dSVj fi yj% ; g eq[ ; ' kk[kk esa Vuycuk ysrk gSA bl dhV dks fu;af=r djus ds fy,0-03 i zfr’kr , fYMªu] dsjksfl u rsy ; k i sVªksy dks: bZ esa yxkdj fNnz esa Mky dj <+d nsuk pkfg,; k xhyh feV~Vh l s Hkj nsuk pkfg,A , sl kfl racj&vDVwcj ; k Qjojh&ekpZ esa djuk pkfg,A

i zeq[k O; kol kf; d i zt kfr; k¡

cukj l h% ; g t Ynh Qy nsus okyh i zt kfr gSAbl dk Qy vaMkdkj gksrk gS rFkk bl esa l Qsn ,oagjs jax ds pdRrs fn[kk;h nsrs gSaA ;g eqjCck cukusds dke vkrk gSA bl dh i Snkokj mRrj Hkkj r esal Qyrki woZd gksrh gSA ;g ekuk t krk gS fdvk¡oyk dh mRi fRr okjk.kl h esa gqbZ rFkk ; gk¡ i Snkgksus okyh i zt kfr l oZJs"B gSA

pdS;k% bl ds i j kxd.k vU; i zt kfr; ksa esa i j kx.kds dke vkrs gaSA ;g ,d dBksj ] nsjh l s Qyusokyh fdUrq vPNh i Snkokj okyh i zt kfr gSA

ns' kh% ; g NksVs vkdkj rFkk l k/kkj .k xq.koRrk okyhi zt kfr gSA

ÝkfUl l ¼gkFkh >wy½% ; g mRrj i zns'k ds i zrki x<+ft ys l s mRi kfnr gksus okyh RkFkk nsjh l s i dus okyh

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28

o"kZ 13 vad 2 m| ku j f' e] 2012

i zt kfr gSA bl ds Qy dh xq.koRrk vPNh gSA

bl ds vykok dqN vU; i zt kfr; k¡ fuEukuql kjgS& cUl h j sM] dUpu ¼,u-,-&4½] d‘".kk ¼,u-,-&5½] ujsUnz vk¡oyk&6 ¼,u-,-&6½] ujsUnz vk¡oyk&7¼,u-,-&7½ ,oa ujsUnz vk¡oyk&10 ¼,u-,-&10½A

vkfFkZd egRo

vkfFkZd egRo dh n‘f"V l s vk¡oyk ,degRoi w.kZ vkS"k/kh; Qy gSA vk¡oys dk i z; ksx vusdi zdkj dh chekfj ; ksa ds fu;a=.k esa fd; k t krk gSAvk¡oys ds i zeq[k vkS"k/kh; mi ; ksx fuEufyf[kr gaSA

ân; j ksx% vk¡oyk esa i k; s t kus okyk i SfDVu l hjeeuq"; esa dksysLVªksy dks de dj rk gSA ;g IysVysV~ldk ,d=hdj .k rFkk dksysLVªksy Lrj dks de dj rkgSA bl i zdkj vk¡oyk ân; dks vk?kkr gksus l scpkrk gSA

ckyksa dh ns[ k&js[ k% vk¡oyk dk mi ; ksx ckyksa dksLoLFk j [kus ds fy, cuk; s t kus okys vusd i zdkjds feJ.kksa esa fd; k t krk gSA ;g ckyksa dh of)rFkk i ks"k.k esa l gk; rk dj rk gSA ;g ckyksa dh t M+ksadks et cwr dj rk gSA vk¡oyk ds rkt s Qy [kkus l srFkk bl ds i sLV dks ckyksa esa yxkus l s ckyksa dk jaxdkyk jgrk gSA vk¡oyk ds fu; fer i z; ksx l s ckyksadks fxjus l s Hkh jksdk t k l drk gSA

vk¡[ kksa dh ns[ k&js[ k% vk¡oyk ,d cgqr gh egRoi w.kZrFkk ' kfDr'kkyh i zfr i znkgd vk;qosZfnd vkS"kf/k gSA;g vk¡[kksa dh l eL; k] eq[ ; : i l s l wru@t yuds mi ; ksx esa yk; k t krk gSA

e/kqesg% vk¡oyk esa i k; s t kus okyk j kl k; fud rRo

Øksfe;e e/kqesg ds mi pkj esa dke vkrk gSAvk¡oyk mu dksf' kdkvksa dks i zHkkfor dj rk gS t ksbal qfyu dk l zko dj rh gSA bl i zdkj ; g jDr esami fLFkr ' kdZjk dks de dj rk gSA

Mk; fj ; k] fMl sUVªh RkFkk l aØe.k% vk¡oyk esa,sUVhcSDVsfj ; y xq.k gksrk gSA ;g l aØe.k rFkkvYl j dks j ksdrk gSA vk¡oyk Mk; fj ; k rFkk fMl sUVªhjksxksa dh j ksdFkke esa dke vkrk gSA bl ds vykok;g xSl dh l eL; k l ekèkku esa Hkh dkjxj gSAvk¡oyk l s cuk t wl j kr dks l ksrs l e; ysus l s i sVl s l acaf/kr l eL; kvksa ,oa i qj kuh chekfj ; ksa l sfunku feyrk gSA

[ kkn~; i nkFkks± esa mi ; ksx% vk¡oyk Qy l s vpkj ]t Se] dSUMh] LDoS'k vkfn t Sl s cgqr l s [kkn~; i nkFkZcuk;s t krs gSaA foVkfeu l h rFkk vU; vkS"k/kh;xq.kksa ds dkj .k bl dk i z; ksx vusd i zdkj dhvk;qosZfnd nokvksa ¼P;ouizk'k] f=Qyk] czkºeh j l k;u]i kpu pw.kZ vkfn½ esa fd; k t krk gSA

vU; mi ; ksx% vk¡oyk dk i z; ksx L; kgh] gs; jMkbZ]gs; j ' kSEi w rFkk gs; j vk; y vkfn cukus esa fd; kt krk gSA vk¡oys ds Qy dh rqM+kbZ ds mi jkUrbl dh i fRr; k¡ Ik'kqvksa ds [kkus ds dke vkrh gSaAvk¡oyk ds i sM+ l s b±/ku rFkk bekj rh ydM+h Hkhi zkIr gksrh gSA

i Snkokj

yxHkx 10 o"kZ vk;q dk i fj i Do i kS/kki zR;sd o"kZ vkSl ru 1&1.5 dqUVy Qy nsrk gSA,d vPNh i zdkj l s ns[k&js[k okyk i kS/kk 70 l kyrd Qy nsrk gSA

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29

o"kZ 13 vad 2 m| ku j f' e] 2012

fpj kSat h dh ckxokuh ,oa ml dh mi ; ksfxrk, -ds- fl ag1 , oa t s-i h- fl ag2

dsUnzh; mi ks".k ckxokuh l aLFkku] y[ kuÅ

fpjkSat h ¼cqdkusfu;k ysUt u Li zSax½ ,ukdkZfM, l hdqy dk ,d egRoi w.kZ vkS"k/kh; xq.k okyk o‘{k gSAbl dh mRi fÙk ewy: Ik l s Òkj rh; mi egk}hi esaekuh t krh gS rFkk bl dk foLrkj mÙkj i f’pevkSj e/; Hkkj r ds j kT; ksa esa T; knkrj e/; i zns’k]fcgkj ] mM+hl k] vka/kz i zns’k] NRrhl x<+] >kj [kaM]xqt j kr] j kt LFkku vkSj egkjk"Vª esa i k; k t krk gSAfpajkSt h ,d ,sl k Qy o‘{k gS t gekjs ns’k dsfofHkUu Hkkxa esa mi yC/k gS fdUrq ml s vHkh rdmruk egRo ugha feyk ft l l s og y xa ds chpi zpfyr g l dsA c<+rh t ul a[ ; k ds ncko rFkk?kVrh i zfr O; fDr d‘f"k ; X; Hkwfe ds dkj .kvèki ; xh Qy a ¼ft u i j cgqr de /; ku fn; kx; k gS½ dk egROk vkt dkQh c<+ x; k gSA vktt : j r bl ckr dh gS fd bl ds i "kd , oavkS"kèkh; xq.kksa ds dkj .k bl dh mi ; ksfxrk ,dO;kol kf; d Ql y ds : i esa fl ) dh t k; sA ,sl kdj vuqi t kÅ] i j rh i M+h vkSj [kkyh Hkwfe i jfpjkSat h dh O;kol kf; d [ksrh }kjk vPNh vk;i zkIr dh t k l drh gSA

;g e/; e vkdkj dk i .kZi krh o{k gS t ks' kq"d i .kZi krh t axyks esa ,oa i gkM+h <ykuksa ,oaHkkj r ds i zk; }hi h; i zns’kksa esa i zeq[kr; k l s i k; kt krk gSA fpjkSat h dk o{k yxHkx 12 l s 15 ehVj

yEck gksrk gSA bl dh i fRr; k¡ vk; rkdkj vFkokvaMkdkj&vk; rkdkj 4 l s 9 l s-eh- yEch vkSj 2l s 10 l s-eh- pkSM+h gksrh gSaA Qwy 4 fe-eh- dkgjk&l Qsn voUr vkSj mHk; fyaxh gksrk gSA bl dsQy xqByhnkj ,oa vi fj i Do voLFkk esa gjs jax dsgksrs gSa rFkk i fj i Do Qyksa dk jax dkyk gksrk gSAi zR;sd Qy ,d cht h NksVs l se ds vkdkj dk gksrkgSA bl Qy dh xqByh dks ehaxh dgrs gSa ,oa chtdh fxjh fpjkSat h dgykrh gS t ks [kkus esa Lokfn"V,oa LokLFko/kZd gksrh gSA fpjkSat h i wjs o"kZ mi ; ksx esavkus okyk Qy gS ft l s l ao) Zd vkSj i kSf"Vdt kudj l w[ks esoksa ds : i esa Hkh LFkku fn; k t krkgSA bl dk i z; ksx Hkkj rh; i dokuksa] feBkb;ksa] [khj ]l saobZ bR;kfn esa i zeq[k : i l s fd; k t krk gSA

v/kksi ; ksxh Qy gksus ds dkj .k bl ds i kS/ksfujUrj de gks jgs gSa ft l ds dkj .k bl ds foyqIrgksus dk [krj k cuk gqvk gSA ;g ,d m".kdfVcaèkh;Qy o‘{k gS rFkk bl ds Qyksa esa vusd LokLF;o/kZdvkS"k/kh; xq.k gSaA vPNh fdLeksa ds p; u , oaoSKkfud fof/k }kjk bl dh ckxokuh dj bl dkmRi knu c<+k;k t k l drk gS ft l l s fdl kuksa ,oaLFkkuh; vkfnokl h; ksa dks vkt hfodk dk l k/ku feyl drk gSA

1i z/kku oSKkfud ,oa 2ofj "B ' kks/k l gk; d

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ckxokuh

fpjkSat h dk i ©/kk l kekU; r; k cht }kjk ghrS;kj fd; k t krk gSA cht ksa dks ul Zjh esa t qykbZ dseghus es cks; k t krk gS rFkk bl esa cht kadqj .kyxHkx 20&40 fnuksa esa grk gSA cht w i ©/ka esa Qwyv©j Qyr dkQh yEcs l e; ¼yxHkx 10 l s 15o"kZ½ ckn vkrh gSA cht w i ©/ks yxHkx ,d l s n o"kZaesa okuLi frd i zo/kZu ds fy, ewyo‘Ur ds : i esai z; x gsrq rS; kj g t krs gSaA fpjkSat h dh O;kol kf; d[ksrh djus ds fy, l eqfpr t y fudkl okyhneV vFkok gYdh dkyh e‘nk l oZRre grh gSAfpjkSat h ds ckx dks oxkZdkj fof/k }kjk 8×8 ehVjdh nwjh i j yxkuk pkfg,A xM~<ksa d 15&20 fnui gys [ kn dj ml esa 20 l s 30 fd-xzk- xcj dh[kkn] 500 xzk- Mh-, -i h- rFkk 100 xzk- ;wfj ; kfeyk dj Hkj nsuk pkfg,A t qykà ds vfUrel Irkg esa xM~<ksa esa fpjkSat h ds i ©/ka dk j i .kdjuk pkfg,A j i .k ds i ’pkr i ©/ka ds vkl i klueh l aj {k.k ,oa [kj i rokj fu;a=.k djus ds fy,,d&n fujkÃ&xqM+kà dj ml i j l w[kh ?kkl dh

eVh voj /k i j r fcNk nsuh pkfg,A bl l s i ©/kadh c<+okj vPNh grh gSA fpjkSat h dk i kS/kk t yHkjko ds i zfr l fg".kq gksrk gS vr% bl ds i ©/kaaa esagYdh fl apkà rFkk t y fudkl dk l eqfpr i zcaèkdjuk pkfg,A

t So fofo/krk foLrkj

fpjkSat h esa vHkh rd i zt kfr; a dk p;u ughafd; k x; k gSA fdUrq bl ds Qy a ds vkdkj ] LoknrFkk mRi knu esa fHkUurk i k; h t krh gSA l kekU; r%bl dh l kr i zt kfr; ksa ds ckjs esa fooj .k feyrk gSft l esa Hkkj r esa bl dh nks i zt kfr; k¡ ch- yut u¼l ku-ch- ysfVQksfy; k½ ,oa ch- ,Dl hysjht ¼l ku-ch- ,ut qdhfVQksfy; k½ [ kk| Qy i znku djus okyhi zt kfr; k¡ gS t cfd ch- ysul hbyksVk cgqr del a[ ; k esa t axyksa esa i k; h t krh gSA t hul dh vU;i zt kfr;ksa esa ch-yql hMk] ch-xykcjk vkSj ch- , l qfeukVk' kkfey gSA Qyksa dk vkdkj ] Qy ot u] chtot u] dusZy ot u] cht dop] dqy ?kqyu' khy' kdZjk ¼Vh-, l -, l -½] foVkfeu l h ,oa i sM+ esa Qyksa

fpj kSat h dk o‘{k ,oa Qy

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dh mi t ds vuql kj i fj orZu’khyrk gksrh gS t ksfd ,d csgrj Qy o{k ds p;u ds : i esabLrseky fd; k t k l drk gSA bruh fHkUurkv a dsgrs gq, bl esa i zt kfr; a dk p;u rFkk O;kol kf; degRookyh i zt kfr;ksa dk fodkl djus dh vko’;drkgSA

i kSf"Vd ewY; ,oa mi ; ksx

fpjkSat h Qyksa dh xqByh l s fudkyh x;h fxjhgksrh gS ft l s cksypky dh Hkk"kk esa fi ; ky] fi z; ky; k fQj pkjksyh ; k fpjkSat h Hkh dgk t krk gSAHkkjrh; fpfdRl k dh fofHkUu i ) fr;ksa t Sl s vk;qosZfndvkSj ;wukuh i z.kkfy; ksa esa fpjkSat h dk fofHkUu jksxksads mi pkj esa i z; ksx fd; k t krk gSA fpjkSat h e/kqj ]fLuXèk] ' khroh;Z] nLrkokj vkSj okr] fi Rr] t yu]

I; kl vkSj Toj dk ' keu djus okyk gksrk gSAfpjkSat h dh t M+sa rh[kh ,oa dl Syh gksus ds dkj .knLr ds mi pkj esa i z; ksx dh t krh gSaA i fRr; kas dkRopk jksxksa ds mi pkj esa mi ; ksx fd; k t krk gSAQyksa dk [kk¡l h vkSj vLFkek ds mi pkj esa Hkhi z; ksx fd; k t krk gSA fpjkSat h dk mi ; ksx eq[ ; r; kfeBkbZ;ksa t Sl s gyok] yM~Mw] [khj ] i kd vkfn esal w[ks esoksa ds : i esa fd; k t krk gSA fpjkSat h fxjh,d mPp ewY; dk mRi kn gS ¼l kj .kh 1½A l kSan;Zi zl k/kuksa esa bl dk mi ; ksx cgqrk; r esa fd; k t krkgSA fpjkSat h dk i sLV ,d vPNk Ropk daMh’kuj gSAfpjkSat h dh fxjh dk rsy Hkkj rh; fpfdRl k esacknke ds rsy dk ,d fodYi gSA fxjh dk i z; ksxrsy fudkyus esa rFkk bl dh fxjh dh [kyh t kuojds Hkkst u ds : i esa dh t krh gSA

i ks"kd rRo

i zksVhu

¼xzk-½

ol k ¼xzk-½

dkcksZgkbMªsV ¼xzk-½

j s' kk

¼xzk-½

dSfYl ; e ¼fe-xzk-½

QkLQksj l ¼fe-xzk-½

vk; j u ¼fe-xzk-½

19.0 59.1 12.1 3.8 279 528 8-5 foVkfeu

foVkfeu ch-&1

¼fe-xzk-½ foVkfeu ch-&2

¼fe-xzk-½ fu; kfl u ¼fe-xzk-½

foVkfeu l h ¼fe-xzk-½

0.69 6.53 1.5 5

l kj .kh 1% fpj kSat h fxj h ds i kSf"Vd ewY;

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i kWyhgkml esa vfu"ksdQyd ¼i kFksZuksdkj fi d½[khj s dh [ksrh

oh-ds- fl ag1] dkfeuh fl ag2 , oa vuqjkx fl ag3

dsUæzh; mi ks".k ckxokuh l aLFkku] y[ kuÅ

Ql y Ri knu esa i kWyhgkml dk mi ; ksx fi Nys,d n'kd l ss vusd ns'kksa esa fd; k t k jgk gS ,oabl ds i z; ksx l s vf/kd ykHk Hkh i zkIr fd; k x; k gSAi kWyhgkml dh LFkki uk ,oa l apkyu esa cgqr vf/kd/ku dh vko' ; drk gksrh gSA fdUrq mPp ewY; dhQl y a dks i kWyhgkml esa eupkgk okrkoj .k mi yCèkdj i Snk djus l s vkenuh v f/kd gksrh gSAbl hfy, i kWyhgkml esa i wjs o"kZ [khjs dh [ksrh dksvf/kd ojh; rk nh t krh gSA pw¡fd [khjk ,di j&i j kfxr Ql y gS ft l esa i j kx.k ds fy, ?kjsywefD[k; ksa ; k e/kq&efD[k; ksa }kjk i j kx.k fd; k t krkgS] i j kx.k dh l eL; k ds i fj .kkeLo: i QyVs<+s&es<+s gksus yxrs gSaA vr% bl l eL; k dks ns[krsgq, [khjs dh vfu"ksdQyd ¼i kFksZuksdkj fi d½ i zt kfrdh [ksrh i kWyhgkml esa djuk vf/kd ykHki zn gSft l l s vkl kuh l s mPp xq.koÙkk;qDr vf/kd mi tyh t k l dsA i kFksZuksdkj fi d i zt kfr esa dsoy eknkQwy gksrs gaSA pw¡fd i kFksZuksdkj fi d i zt kfr esa Qynwl js uksM l s yxuk ' kq: gksrs gSa t cfd l kekU;i zt kfr; ksa esa nl osa uksM l s ' kq: gksrs gSa bl fy,i kFksZuksdkj fi d i zt kfr dk mRi knu l kekU; i zt kfr; ksads mRi knu l s pkj xquk vf/kd gksrk gSA

[khjs dh uohu ,oa i zHkkoh fdLe l s mRi knui zkIr djus ds fy, l w{e t yok;q dk fu;a=.kvko' ; d gSA bl esa Ql y ds fy, vuqdwyrel w{e t yok;q dk fu/kkZj .k l kekU; r% ml i zt kfr ds{ks=h; ewY;kadu i j vk/kkfj r gksrk gSA i kWyhgkmlesa l kekU; r% fnu dk rki eku j kf= ds rki eku l s5&70 l sa-xzs- vf/kd gksrk gSA ok;q esa ; fn dkcZuMkbZvkWDl kbM dh ek=k 350 i h-i h-,e- l s vf/kdgks rks mRi kndrk c<+ t krh gSA i kWyhgkml esa ok;qdh l ki sf{kr vknzZrk 80 i zfr ' kr l s vf/kd gks rksQQw¡n }kjk O;kf/k; k¡ QSy t krh gSaA vr% i kS/kl aoèkZu ds fy, 90 i zfr ' kr ueh ,oa vknzZrkl kekU; r% 60&80 i zfr ' kr rd gh gksuh pkfg,Ai kWyhgkml esa t yok;q fu;a=.k dks l arqfyr j [kus dsfy, cgqr vf/kd mt kZ dh vko' ; drk gksrh gSA;g i zkS| kssfxdh mt kZ l aj {k.k }kjk vkfFkZd : i l sykHki zn gks l drh gSA

i kS/k rS; kj djuk% i kS/ks rS; kj djus ds fy, 50fNnzksa okys i zks Vªs dk bLrseky dj rs gSaA i zks Vªs esaHkjus gsrq feJ.k t Sl s dksdksi hV] i j ykbV ,oaoehZdEi ksLV dk bLrseky djrs gSaA dksdksi hV] i j ykbV,oa oehZdEi ksLV dh cjkcj ek=k dks vPNh rjg

1i z/kku oSKkfud] 2ofj "B ' kks/kdrkZ ,oa 3' kks/k , l ksfl ,V

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o"kZ 13 vad 2 m| ku j f' e] 2012

feykdj i zks Vªs esa Hkj ysrs gSa vkSj l Hkh fNnzksa esa,d&,d cht dh cksvkbZ dj rs gSaA cht cksus dsmi jkUr 3&4 fnu ds vUnj vadqj .k gks t krk gS,oa i kS/ks 20&25 fnuksa esa j i .k gsrq rS; kj gks t krsgSaA

Hkwfe dh rS; kjh% feV~Vh dh xgjh xqM+kbZ dj ml sHkqjHkqjk dj ysuk pkfg,A bl ds i 'pkr 3&4 fd-xzk- i zfr oxZ ehVj xkscj dh l M+h [kkn ¼,Q-okb-,e-½] 10 xzke ;wjkMku rFkk 5 xzke l w{e rRoksa dkfeJ.k ¼ft ad] rkack] ykSg] cksjku] eSxuht + rFkkekWyhCMsue½ dk i z; ksx fd; k t krk gSA bl ds vykok7 xzke ukbVªkst u] 4 xzke QkLQksj l ,oa 5 xzkei ksVk'k i zfr oxZ ehVj dh nj l s feykrs gSaA

i yokj ¼eYp½ dk i z; ksx% csM cukrs l e; 100ekbØkWu eVh dkyh IykfLVd ¼i kWyhFkhu½ dh i yokjdk i z; ksx ykHki zHk grk gS D;ksafd bl l s [kj i rokjdk dqi zHkko Ql y ds Åi j ugha i M+rkA i yokj ds

i zks Vªs esa rS; kj i kS/ks

okuLi frd fooj .k% [khjk ,d o"khZ; yrk gSAbl dh i fRr; k¡ l j y] l oUr rFkk i kf.kZoUr gksrk gSAewyr% ;g ,dfyaxh gksrk gSA ft l esa uj ,oa eknkQwy ,d gh i kS/ks i j vyx&vyx t xg i j yxrsgSaA uj Qwy t Ynh xqPNs esa rFkk i q"i oUr i jmRi Uu gksrs gSa t cfd eknk Qwy nsjh l s ,oa yEcsi q"i oUr i j mRi Uu gksrs gSaA l kekU; r% [khjk ,di j&i j kfxr Ql y gS rFkk i j kx.k ?kjsyw efD[k; ksa; k e/kq&efD[k; ksa ds }kjk gksrk gSA i kWyhgkml esaeèkq&efD[k; ksa ds j [k&j [kko esa vkus okyh vf/kddfBukb;ksa rFkk dhVuk'kdksa ds i zHkko l s mudscpko gsrq [khjs dh i kFksZuksdkj fi d i zt kfr gh yxkrsgSa D;ksafd bl esa dsoy eknk Qwy gh i q"i oUr i jyxrs gSaA

vfu"ksdQyd ¼i kFksZuksdkj fi d½ i zt kfr ds Qy

rS; kj csMksa i j i yokj fcNkuk

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o"kZ 13 vad 2 m| ku j f' e] 2012

i z; ksx l s t y l aj {k.k gus ds dkj .k [skr esa uehyEcs l e; rd cuh jgrh gSA

fl apkbZ rFkk moZjd% gfj rxg esa [khjs dh fl apkbZfMªi ds ek/; e l s dj rs gSa] ft l esa nks ,y-i h-,p-dk fMªi j yxkrs gSa t ks ,d ?kaVs esa nks yhVj i kuhi zfr i kS/ks dh t M+ {ks= esa nsrk gSA i kS/ka dks i zfr fnu2&3 yhVj i kuh dh vko' ; drk gksrh gSA [khjs esapw¡fd ueh 90 i zfr 'kr gksuh pkfg, bl fy, fLi zadyjvFkok QkWxj }kjk fnu esa n l s rhu ckj i kuh dkfNM+dko djuk pkfg; sA

fl apkbZ ds l kFk moZjd QfVZxs'ku i z.kkyh}kjk fn; s t krs gSaA 10&12 fnu ds vUrjky i j?kqyu' khy ,u-i h-ds- ¼19%19%19½ moZjd 2-8xzke i zfr oxZ ehVj dh nj l s nsuk pkfg,A l w{ei ks"kd rRoksa ds feJ.k dks 0-3 xzke i zfr yhVji kuh esa ?kksy dj fNM+dko djuk pkfg,A

i kFksZuksdkj fi d i zt kfr% fd; ku ,oa bl kfVl

cqvkbZ dk l e; % l kekU; r% i kWyhgkml esai kFksZuksdkj fi d i zt kfr dh [ksrh&o"kZ i wjs dh t kl drh gS] i jUrq mRrj Hkkj r esa vf/kd ykHk gsrqcsekSl eh Ql y mxkus ds fy, vDVwcj ; k Qjojhekg esa cqvkbZ djuh pkfg, rkfd vDVwcj esa cksbZx;h Ql y Øe'k% fnl Ecj l s Qjojh rFkk Qjojhesa cksbZ x;h Ql y vi zSy l s t wu ekg esa mRi knuns ft l l s vf/kdre ykHk i zkIr gA

cht nj% i kFksZuksdkj fi d i zt kfr ds cht ckt kj esal a[ ; k ds vk/kkj i j mi yC/k gksrs gSaA vr% 3-7i kS/ks i zfr oxZ ehVj dh nj l s yxHkx 40000 chti zfr gsDVs; j dh vko' ; drk gksrh gSA

j i .k fof/k% [khjk ds fy, ,d ehVj pkSM+s+ ,oa 15l saVhehVj Å¡pkbZ okys csM cukrs gSaA ml ds mi jkUrml i j fMªi ykbu ,oa dkyh IykfLVd dh i yokjfcNkrs gSaA i yokj fcNkus ds mi jkUr 60×45l saVhehVj dh nwjh i j Nsn dkV dj ,d&,d i kSèksdh cqvkbZ dj rs gSaA cqvkbZ ds 10&15 fnuksa rdi kS/kkas dh fl apkbZ gt kjs dh l gk; rk l s dj rs gSa t crd i kS/kk l gh <ax l s LFkkfi r u gks t k; sA

i kS/ks dks l gkjk nsuk% [khjk ,d yrk okyh Ql ygS ft l dks l gkjk nsus gsrq epku cukrs gSa vkSjIykfLVd l qryh }kjk i kS/ks dks Åi j dh vksj ck¡èkrsgSaA i kS/ks dks ck¡/krs l e; ; g /; ku j [kuk pkfg,fd i kS/ks l qryh ds ncko l s dVus u i k; sA i kS/ks dhÅapkbZ c<+us ds l kFk l qryh dks <hyk dj i kS/ks dsQyu {ks= dks uhpk fd; k t krk gS ft l l s rqM+kbZ esavkl kuh gksA

rqM+kbZ ,oa mi t % i kFksZuksdkj fi d i zt kfr esa Qynwl js uksM l s yxrs gSaA i kS/ks yxkus ds 45&50 fnumi jkar Qy rksM+us gsrq rS; kj gks t krs gSaA Qyksa dhrqM+kbZ 3&4 fnuksa ds varjky i j djuk pkfg,A

i kS/kksa dks l gkj k nsuk

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Qyksa dh rqM+kbZ ds mi jkar bUgsa l ko/kkuhi woZdIykfLVd dh ØsV esa j [kdj ckt kj esa Hkst k t krkgSA i kWyhgkml esa [khjs dh mi t 3&4 fd-xzk- i zfroxZ ehVj ¼300&400 Vu i zfr gsDVs; j½ gksrh gSAgj i kS/kk yxHkx 1&1-5 fd- xzk- Qy nsrk gSA

i kWyhgkml esa i kFksZuksdkj fi d [khj s dh Ql y

Å¡p&uhp dk Hksn u ekus] ogh Js"B Kkuh gS]n; k&/keZ ft l esa gks] l cl s ogh i wT; i zk.kh gSA{kf=; ogh] Hkjh gks ft l esa fuHkZ; rk dh vkx]l cl s Js"B ogh ckã.k gS] gks ft l esa ri &R;kxAr st Loh l Eeku [ kkst r s ugha xks= crykds]i krs gSa t x esa i z'kfLr vi uk dj ro fn[kykdsAghu ewy dh vksj ns[k t x xyr dgs ; k Bhd]ohj [ khapdj gh j grs gSa bfrgkl ksa esa yhdA

&jke/kkjh fl ag fnudj *

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o"kZ 13 vad 2 m| ku j f' e] 2012

Qy o{kksa ds fy, enk t y dk egRodSyk' k dqekj 1] r#.k vnd2 , oa fouksn dqekj fl ag3

dsUnzh; mi ks".k ckxokuh l aLFkku] y[ kuÅ

1i z/kku oSKkfud] 2oSKkfud ,oa 3rduhdh vf/kdkj h

enk vkSj i kS/kksa dh t So&jkl k; fud fØ;kvksads fy, t y ,d eq[ ; dkjd gSA t y enk fØ;kvksat Sl s pV~Vkuksa dk vi {k; ] ewy i nkFkZ dk fuekZ.k]l ajpuk ,oa fodkl vkSj rki ds l agkj .k ds fy,vko' ; d gSA t y i kS/kkas ds t hou ds fy, egRoi w.kZdk;Z dj rk gSA t y foyk;d gksus ds l kFk i kS/kksa dsfy, vko' ; d rRoksa ds okgd ds : i esa Hkh dk;Zdj rk gSA HkkSfrd : i l s t y enk esa rhuvoLFkkvksa esa i k; k t krk gSA i gyk vknzZrkxzkgh t yt ks Bksl nzo l rg i j vR; f/kd eghu i j r ds : iesa jgrk gSA ;g t y enk esa vR; f/kd n<+rk l sèkkfj r gksus ds dkj .k vpy gksus ds dkj .k i kSèkksadks i zkIr ugha gksrk gSA nwl jk dksf' kdk t y nzovoLFkk esa gksrk gSA ;g l Hkh n'kkvksa esa xfr' khygksrk gSA ;g i kS/kksa ds fy, t y dk l cl s cM+k l zksrgSA dksf' kdk t y gh foys; i ks"kd rRoksa dks vi usvUnj ?kksy dj vf/kd l e; rd fLFkj j [krk gSA;g enk foy;u ds : i esa dk;Z dj rk gSA rhl j kxq#Rokd"kZ.k t y t ks enk ds nh?kZ LU/kzksa esa Lora=: i esa jgrk gS] bl fy, ; g Lora= t y dgykrkgSA i kS/ks i kuh dks vi uh t M+ksa }kjk vo'kksf"kr dj rsgSaA enk l s t y&vo'kks"k.k ds fy, ft l ' kfDr dhvko' ; drk gksrh gS ml s eSfVªd i ksVsaf'k; y dgrs gSaAt c enk esa ueh de gksrh gS rc i kS/kksa dks enk l si kuh ysus ds fy, vf/kd Åt kZ dh vko' ; drk

gksrh gSA bl fLFkfr esa eSfVªd i ksVsaf'k; y vf/kdgksrk gSA ft l l s i kS/ks esa i kuh ds deh ds y{k.kfn[kk;h nsus yxrs gSa ft l dks eSfVªd i zHkko dgrs gSA

i kS/kksa ds fy, t y ds dk; Z

i zdk'k&l a'ys"k.k vkSj ok"i ksRl t Zu fØ;kvksa dsfy, dkjd dk dk;Z dj rk gSA

t y i kS/kksa esa Vjxj ncko fy, vko' ; d gSA

t y vPNk foyk;d gS vkSj i kS/kksas ds fy,i ks"kd rRoksa ds okgd ds : i esa dk;Z dj rkgSA

t y i kS/kksa ds fy, [kk| i nkFkZ ds : i esa dk;Zdj rk gSA

i kS/kksa ds rki dks fu;af=r dj rk gSA

dkcZfud i nkFkks± dk foPNsnu] l w{et hoksa dhof) ,oa t So&jkl k; fud fØ;kvksa ds fy,vko' ; d gksrk gSA

i kS/kksa esa t y dh deh ds y{k.k

i kS/kksa dh of) de gks t krh gSA

t y dh deh ds dkj .k i kS/ks eqj>k t krs gSaA

t y dh deh l s i kS/kksa esa i ks"kd rRoksa dh deh

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o"kZ 13 vad 2 m| ku j f' e] 2012

gks t krh gSA

i kS/kksa dh t M+ksa dh of) de gks t krh gSA

i kS/kksa ds dwfyax i zHkko dks de dj rk gSft l l s l w{e t yok;q i zHkkfor gksrh gSA

t y dh vf/kdrk dk i kS/kksa i j i zHkko

enk esa t y dh ek=k vf/kd gksus i j i kS/kksadh of) i zHkkfor gksrh gSA

enk esa okru dh deh gks t krh gSA ok;q dhdeh l s i kS/kksa dh of) #d t krh gSA

dkcZfud i nkFkks± dk foPNsnu i zHkkfor gksrkgSA

ok;q dh deh esa vk; ju vkSj eSxuht dkjkl k; fud vodj .k gks t krk gS t ks i kSèkksa dhof) ds fy, fo"kSyk gksrk gSA

ukbVªkst u dk fLFkjhdj .k ugha gks i krk gSA

t M+ksas dk mfpr fodkl ugha gks i krk gSA

enk dk rki de gks t krk gSA

i ks"kd rRoksa dk gzkl vf/kd gksrk gSA

enk t y i zca/ku

enk esa mi fLFkr l kj k t y i kS/kksa dh of) dsfy, mi yC/k ugha gks i krk gSA eqj>ku xq.kk¡d vkSj{ks= {kerk ds chp t ks t y dh ek=k gksrh gS ogt y i kS/kksa dks i zkIr gksrk gSA ;g t y enk dh i zfrbdkbZ vk; ru esa mi fLFkr t y dh ek=k vkSj enkdh xgjkbZ] ft l esa l s i kS/ks t y xzg.k dj rs gSa] i j

fuHkZj dj rk gSA i zkIr t y dh ek=k dks enk uehruko l aca/k] yo.kksa dh mi fLFkfr vkSj enk dhxgjkbZ vkfn i zHkkfor dj rs gSaA i kS/kksa ds }kjk enkl s t y dk ' kks"k.k dksf' kdk l apkyu dh nj ,oat M+ksa dh i zl kj dh xfr i j fuHkZj dj rk gSA enkt y dk gzkl eq[ ; : i l s nzo vkSj ok"i : i esagksrk gSA Hkw l rg i j enk t y dk gzkl t y dscgus ,oa var% l zo.k l s gksrk gSA enk t y dsmfpr i zcaèku gsrq i yokj ] ' kwU; ' kL;&fØ;k,¡ vkSjj kl k; fud i nkFkks± dk i z; ksx djuk pkfg,A enkueh i j fu;a=.k gsrq mfpr t y fudkl vko' ; dgS ft l l s enk rki dks Hkh fu;af=r fd; k t k l dsAenk rki mfpr gksus i j i ks"kd rRoksa dk i kS/kksa }kjkvo'kks"k.k vPNk gksus ds l kFk i kS/kksa dh of) vPNhgksrh gSA

vke esa fl apkbZ dh vko' ; drk i wjs o"kZ ughagksrh gSA vke esa i kuh dh vko' ; drk Hkwfe ,oat yok;q i j fuHkZj dj rh gSA vke ds 3-6 o"kZ]6-10 o"kZ ,oa 10 o"kZ ; k vf/kd vk;q okys o{kksa esaØe'k% 30-35, 50-60 ,oa 80-90 yhVj i zfr o{ki zfrfnu i kuh dh vko' ; drk gksrh gSA Qyr okysvke ds ckxksa esa Qy dh mi t ,oa xq.koRrk i jfl apkbZ dk cgqr i zHkko i M+rk gSA vke ds Qynkjoxks± esa i zfro"kZ 6400 yhVj i zfr o{k i kuh dhvko' ; drk vk¡dh x;h gSA l kekU; r; k vke dsfy, 3 fl apkbZ dh vko' ; drk gksrh gSA i gyhfl apkbZ Qy cSBus i j ] nwl jh fl apkbZ t c vke dsQy eVj ds nkus ds vkdkj ds gks t k; s vkSjrhl jh fl apkbZ ebZ ds nwl js l Irkg esa djuhpkfg,A vke ds ckx esa 30-40 i zfr ' kr i kuh dh

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cpr Vi d i z.kkyh }kjk dh t k l drh gSA

enk esa i kuh dh mfpr ek=k gksus i j vf/kdek=k esa xq.koRrk ; qDr mi t i zkIr gksrh gSA dsUnzh;mi ks".k ckxokuh l aLFkku] y[kuÅ ds oSKkfudksa }kjkfd; s x; s ' kks/k esa i k; k x; k gS fd 20 i zfr ' krmi yC/k enk ueh Qyksa dh of) ,oa fodkl ds fy,l oksZÙke gSA bl fy, enk t y dh ek=k dks i kS/kksa dhvko' ; drkuql kj ¼ØkfUrd Lrj i j½ fuf'pr : il s mi yC/k djkuk pkfg, ft l l s Qyksa dh xq.koÙkkvPNh cuh jgus ds l kFk&l kFk mudk jkl k; fudl axBu vPNk jgsA t y dh mi ; ksfxrk ds egRo dksè;ku esa j [krs gq, t y dk mi ; ksx mfpr ek=k esa

djuk pkfg,A bl l s enk moZj rk dks l qj f{kr j [kusesa l gk; rk feyrh gSA

mfpr Hkw i fj "dj .k fØ;k,¡ mfpr l e; i jdh t k l drh gSaA bl l s enk esa t y ' kks"k.kvkSj /kkj .k djus dh {kerk c<+ t krh gSA

mfpr t y fudkl djuk pkfg, ft l l s enkesa dkcZu Mk;vkWDl kbM dh ek=k fu; ferjgs vkSj i kS/kksa dh t M+ksa dk fodkl vPNkcuk jgsA

enk vi jnu vkSj [kj i rokj fu;a=.k Hkhdjuk pkfg, ft l l s enk ueh dk gzkl degksA

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o"kZ 13 vad 2 m| ku j f' e] 2012

vke esa nSfgdh; fodkj ,oa i ks"kd rRoksa dh deh, -ds- feJ1 , oa oh-ds- fl ag2

dsUnzh; mi ks".k ckxokuh l aaLFkku] y[ kuÅ

vke ¼eSat hQsjk bafMdk ,y-½ Hkkj rh; miegk}hidk ,d Qy gSA ;g Hkkj rh; l aLd‘fr ,oa /kkfeZdrkdk i zrhd gSA Hkkj rh; mi egk}hi esa vke dhckxokuh 4000 o"kks± l s vf/kd l e; l s dh t k jghgSA vke ds i ks"kd rRoksa esa fo| eku xq.k] Lokn][kq’kcw rFkk LokLFko/kZd fo’ks"krkvksa ds dkj .k ; gQy jkt kvksa rFkk l oZl k/kkj .k nksuksa oxks± esa vR;Urfi z; jgk gSA orZeku l e; esa fo’o ds 87 ns’kkas esavke dh O;kol kf; d [ksrh dh t k jgh gSA Hkkj rh;mi egk}hi esa vke dk ft ruk egRo gS] mruk'kk;n fdl h vU; ns’k esa ugha gSSA

l kekU; r; k t yok;q dh fofo/krk,¡] okrkoj .kdh i fj fLFkfr; k¡] dhV] chekfj ; k¡ ,oa vfu; ferrkvksal s l acaf/kr l eL; kvksas ds dkj .k vke dk mRi knu?kV t krk gSA vke dh Ql y esa yxHkx 140 l svf/kd j ksxdkjd i k; s t krs gSa t ks Ql y dks vusdi zdkj l s uqdl ku i gq¡pkrs gaSA

QQ¡wn] t hok.kq] ' kSoky] ykbdsu] Qwy okysi j t hoh i kS/ks] vf/ki kni ] i ks"kdh; vl arqyu vkSjfo"kSyh xSl ksa l s j ksx rFkk vfuferrk,¡ mRi Uu gksrhgaSA dqN jksxksa ds dkj .k rks Kkr ugha gaS] fdUrq fQjHkh os vkfFkZd : i l s vf/kd uqdl ku i gq¡pkrs gSaAbuds vfrfj DRk dqN vU; vfu; ferrkvksa dsy{k.k vyx&vyx i k; s t krs gaS t ks i kS/kksa dh

vkarfjd nSfgdh fØ;kvksa dh dfe; kas l s mRi Uu gksrsgSaA

vke ds dqN jksx] nSfgdh; fodkj ,oa i ks"kdrRoksa dh deh ds ckjs esa t kudkjh uhps nh t k jghgSA

dks; fy; k@dks; yh

dkj d

b±V ds HkV~Bksa esa i z; qDr dks; ys ds t yus l smRi Uu xSl ksa ds uqdl kunk;d i zHkko l s vkl i kl ds{ks=ksa esa i k; s t kus okys vke ds cxhpksa esa dks; fy; kuked fodkj mRi Uu gksrk gSA bl ds fy, mi j ksDrfo"kkDr xSl sa gh mRrjnk;h gksrh gaSA

y{k.k

ft u i sM+kas ds Qyksa i j ; g chekjh i k; h t krhgS] os i sM+ gj i zdkj l s l kekU; gksrs gaSA Qyksa i jy{k.k rc fn[kk;h nsrs gSa] t c Qy ,d fuf’prvkdkj ds gks t krs gSaA ;g j ksx Qyksa i j vi zSy&ebZds ekg esa fn[kk;h nsrk gS t c Qy djhc ,d l sa-eh- yEckbZ ds gks t krs gSaA j x dk i zFke y{k.k ; ggS fd Qyksa ds fupys fl j s i j gjk jax l kekU; l svyx fn[krk gS t ks /khjs&/khjs c<+rk t krk gS vkSjckn esa yXkHkx dkyk l k gks t krk gS rFkk vafre

1i fj ; kst uk l eUo; d ¼mi ks".k Qy½ ,oa 2i z/kku oSKkfud

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40

o"kZ 13 vad 2 m| ku j f' e] 2012

fl j s dks i w.kZr% ?ksj ysrk gSA o.kZghurk dh i zfØ;ki w.kZ gksus l s i gys Hkwjs jax ds /kCcs curs gSa t ksèkhjs&/khjs c<+ dj xgjs Hkwjs jax ds gks t krs gSa vkSjvki l esa fey dj ,d yEck l k Ård{k;h {ks=cukrs gaSA bl voLFkk esa ckg~; l rg l s ns[kus Ikjj ksxxzLr Qyksa esa rhu fHkUUk&fHkUUk {ks= fn[kk;h nsrsgSaA ¼v½ LoLFk gjk Hkkx Qyksa dh <sai h dh rjQ dkcM+k fgLl k LoLFk gksrk gS] ¼c½ Ård{k;h HkkxÅi jh Hkkx dh vi s{kk Qy ds fupys {ks= dk cgqrde Hkkx t ks Ård{k;h Hkkx gksrk gS] ,oa ¼l ½l adjk Hkkx mi jksDr nksukas Hkkxksa ds chp esa l adjko.kZghu Hkkx i k; k t krk gS ft l dh Ropk esa mHkkjgksrk gSSA vUr esa Ård ejus yxrs gSa rFkkÅrd{k;h Hkkx u"V gks t krk gSA vafre pksapuqekHkkx fi yfi yk gks t krk gS ¼Qy dk cpk gqvk HkkxBksl ] dPpk ,oa dBksj gksrk gS½ rFkk gYdk ehBkgksrk gS ysfdu l k/kkj .k : i l s i ds Qy dh vi s{kkbl dk Lokn fHkUu gksrk gSA Qy esa Ård{k;h Hkkxges’kk Qy ds fupyss uqdhys Hkkx rd gh l hfergksrk gSA ckn esa i zHkkfor Qyksa dk fNydk ,oa xwnkfo?kfVr gksus ds i ’pkr xgjs Hkwjs jax dk fn[kk;hnsrk gS ft l l s xqByh fudyh gqbZ fn[kk;h nsus yxrhgS rFkk fut hZo Årdksa dh ,d i rZ Hkh bl ds Åi ji k; h t krh gSA i rZ dh eksVkbZ xwns ds u"V gksus i jfuHkZj dj rh gSA ; | fi vke dk l Ei w.kZ HkkxÅrd{k;h ugha gksrk gS rFkk LoLFk Hkkx t ks cpkjgrk gS l h/ks rkSj i j i zHkkfor ugha gksrk gS] ysfduLokn esa deh vk t krh gSA HkaMkj .k ds nkSjku QyBhd l s ugha i drs gSa RkFkk [kkus ; ksX; Hkh ugha jgt krs gSaA bl ds l kFk&l kFk Ård{k;h Hkkx l s xksanHkh fudyrk gqvk fn[kk;h nsrk gSA

i zca/ku

dks; fy; k dk fu;a=.k nks i zdkj l s fd; k t kl drk gS& cpko ds mi k; ,oa j ksdFkkeA

cpko ds mi k; b±V&HkV~Bksa dh fpefu; kas dh LFkki uk vke ds

ckxksa l s mRRkj&nf{k.k fn’kkvksa eas de&l s&de5&6 fd-eh- nwjh i j LFkkfi r djuh pkfg; sA

ekpZ ds i zFke l Irkg l s ysdj ebZ ds rhl j sl Irkg rd b±V&HkV~Bksa dks ugha pyus nsukpkfg,A ; fn l EHko gks rks vke dh i wjhQl y ds nkSjku HkV~Bksa dks ugha pykus nsukpkfg,A

fpefu; ksa dh Å¡pkbZ 40&50 QqV ; k bl l svf/kd gksuh pkfg, ft l l s /kq,¡ esa i k; h t kusokyhs fo"kSyh xSl ksa dh l kanzrk i q"i u ,oa Qyuds nkSjku de dh t k l dsA

fpefu; ksa l s fudyus okyh xSl ksa dks /k¡qvkj fgr djus ds fy, b±V ds HkV~Bksa esa vko’;dl a;= yxkuh pkfg,A

j ksdFkke

{kkjh; j l k; uksa t Sl s dkfLVd l ksMk ; k di M+k/kksus okyk l ksMk ¼1-6 fd-xzk-@ 200 yh-i kuh½ ; k cksjsDl vFkkZr l qgkxk ¼1%½ dkfNM+dko dj j ksx dks fu;af=r fd; k t kl drk gSA

dksey ukdrqM+kbZ dh voLFkk esa vke ds Qyksa ds ' kh"kZ

fl j s dh i k’oZ l rg i j xwns dh fo?kfVr gksus dh

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41

o"kZ 13 vad 2 m| ku j f' e] 2012

i zfØ;k dks ¶YkksfjMk esa l kW¶V ukst ds uke l s t kukt krk gSA eysf’k; k esa bl i zdkj dh voLFkk dks[kehjh Qy l M+u ;k ; hLVh Qy l M+u ; k bUl hfM; lQy l M+u ds uke l s t kuk t krk gSA ;g i knifodkj l EHkor% l kW¶V ukst ds l e: i gSA

dkj d

vHkh rd bl fodkj ds fo"k; esa dkjd dht kudkjh ugha gks i k; h gSA

y{k.k

i sM+ esa i dus ds fy, NksM+s x; s Qyksa i j ; gjksx i k; k t krk gS fdUrq rqM+kbZ ds mi jkUr HkaMkfj rQyksa esa ; g j ksx ugha i k; k t krk gSA vke ds Qyksaesa 'kh"kZ fl j s dh i k’oZ Lkrg i j gjs fNyds i ji hyki u vkus ds dkj .k dksey ukd ¼l kW¶V ukst ½jksx vkl kuh l s i gpkuk t k l drk gSaA i zHkkforQyksa ds Åi jh Hkkx dks NksM+ dj ,sl k i zrhr gksrkgS fd Qy cgqr vf/kd i d pqds gSaA gSMu fdLeds i fj i Do Qyksa esa i dus ds nkSjku ; g n’kkvfèkdka’kr% i k;h t krh gSa rFkk dHkh&dHkh i w.kZr%i fj i Do Qyksa esa i dus ds nkSjku feyrh gSA vfèkdi ds Qyksa dk xwnk i hys&Hkwjs jax ds Årdksa dks ?ksjsjgrk gS t ks ?ksjs gq, xwns dh vi s{kk vf/kd l qn<+gksrk gS rFkk Lokn esa dM+ok gksrk gSA fodkj dhvf/kdrk esa Ård Hkwjs dkys jax ds Li at h fn[kk;hnsrs gSa t ks ckn esa c<+ t krs gaSA Hkkj r esa i k; s t kusokyh Li at h Ård j ksx l s ; g vfu; ferrk fHkUugksrh gSA

i zca/ku

vuql a/kku }kjk ; g i k; k x; k gS fd vke ds

i sM+ksa eas ukbVªkst u dh vf/kdrk l s Qyksa esa l kW¶Vukst dh vfu; ferrk c<+rh gSA ysfdu vf/kddSfYl ; e dh ek=k Mkyus l s ; g i zo‘fÙk de gkst krh gSA ,sl hs voLFkk esa fuEufyf[kr ckrksa i jè; ku nsuk pkfg,A

feV~Vh esa vf/kd ukbVªkst u dk i z; ksx ughadjuk pkfg,A

dSfYl ; e dh mfpr ek=k feV~Vh esa cuk; sj [kuh pkfg,A

' kh?kz i duss okyh fdLeksa esa ; g l eL; k dei k;h t krh gSA vr% mudh l aLrqfr dh t krhgSA

Li at h Årdvke dh vYQkal ks fdLe esa i ds Qyksa ds

vkarfjd xwns esa i dus ds nkSjku fo?kVu gksrk gS]t ks Li at h Ård dgykrk gSA ,sl s Qy [kkus dsvuqdwy ugha gksrs gSaA bl vfu; ferrk l s yxHkxrhl i zfr’kr rd gkfu gksrh gS fdUrq vYQkal ksfdLe esa 35&55 i zfr’kr rd gkfu gks l drh gSAckxksa dh faLFkfr] i kS/ks dh mez] fdLe] ekSl e] QyrksM+us dh voLFkk] Qy dh i fj i Dork] feV~Vh RkFkkokrko.khZ; i fj fLFkfr; ksa t Sl h vusd i fj fLFkfr; ksa i jgkfu fuHkZj dj rh gSA jRukfxjh ft ys esa Li at hÅrd ds dkj .k Qyksa ds fupys Hkkx esa 65i zfr’kr rFkk mi jh Hkkx esa 4-7 i zfr’kr rd gkfui k;h x;h gSA

y{k.kl cl s i gys ; g fodkj vke dh vYQkal ks

fdLe esa ns[kk x; kA rqM+kbZ ds l e; ; k i dus ds

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42

o"kZ 13 vad 2 m| ku j f' e] 2012

ckn Qyksa i j dksbZ cká y{k.k ugha fn[kk;h nsrk gSAQyksa dks t c yackbZ esa dkVk t krk gS rks i hys jaxds xwns ds l kFk eqyk;e ; k Li at h Ård] ok;qdksBdkas l fgr ; k fcuk ok;q dksBdksa ds fn[kk;h nsrsgaS rFkk bl esa nqxZU/k Hkh vkrh gSA l k/kkj .kr% Qyksaesa rhu i zdkj ds y{k.k i k; s t krs gSaA

Qyksa esa vanj l Hkh Hkkxksa i j /kCcs Ikk; s t krsgaSA vf/kd /kCcs gksus i j xwnk vl k/kkj .kjcM+ t Sl k l [ r ,oa gYds i hys jax] de j lokyk rFkk Lokn esa vEyh; gks t krk gS rFkkbl s xwns l ss vkl kuh l s vyx fd; k t kl drk gSA

xqByh ds vkl i kl ds xwns dk jax Hkwjk gkst krk gS] [kkl dj l aoguh; Årdksa dkA ;g/khjs&/khjs ckgj dh rjQ QSyrk gS RkFkk Qyds djhc vk/ks Hkkx dks xzLr dj nsrk gSSA

' khr HkaMkj .k ds nkSjku i zHkkfor Qyksa dhxqBfy; ksa ds pkjkas vksj Ård fo?kVu gksrkgSA i zHkkfor xwns dk jax gYdk i hyk gks t krkgS rFkk eqyk;e peM+s t Sl k ; k Li at h i zdfrdk gks t krk gS t ks ok;q dks"Bd l fgr ; kml ds fcuk gks l drk gSA bl l s nqxZU/k Hkhfudyrh gSA

i zca/ku

vke ds Li at h Årdksa dh vfu; ferrk dksjksdus gsrq dksbZ fof/k Kkr ugha gSA

vke ds xwns esa i k; h t kus okyh bl vfu; ferrkdh i gpku vkfIVdy ?kuRo dh nks rjaxèkS;ks±dh fofHkUurkvksa l s l EHko gS] t Sl s l sc esa

t yh; l kjHkkj ] dkyk e/; j ksx rFkk vaMkas esa[kwu dh i gpku dh t krh gSA

i ks"kd rRo dh deh

vkarfjd foxyu

dkj d

cksjku dh deh

y{k.k; g vfu; ferrk fdl h j ksx ds dkj .k ugha

gksrh gS rFkk dks; fy; k ; k bl l s feyrs&t qyrs y{k.kl s fHkUu gksrh gSA l oZi zFke Qyksa ds uhps dk vkèkkHkkx xgjs gjs jax dk gks t krk gSA 'kh?kz gh cht; k xqByh ds et cwr gksus l s i woZ xqByh rFkk xqByhds uhps dk xwnk ¼Ård½ ,d NksVs l s Hkwjs jax dkfn[kk;h nsrk gSA ckn esa Hkwjs /kCckas ds Ård Hkwjsdkys jax ds gks t krs gSa t ks ckn esa fNyds dh rjQc<+rs gaSA bl i zdkj Qy ds fNyds i j t yfl Dr/kCcs ut j vkrs gSaA ,sl s Qyksa ds fupys Hkkx l si hyk xksaan t Sl k i nkFkZ fudyrk gqvk fn[kk;h nsrkgSA xwns esa Hkwjs /kCcs rFkk xgjs Hkwjs jax ds xksanh;dks"Bd cu t krs gSaA xEHkhj voLFkk easa i zHkkforQyksa dk uhps dk vk/kk Hkkx yEckbZ esa QV t krkgS rFkk cht fn[kk;h nsus yxrk gSA i sM+ esa ,sl s yxsgq, i zHkkfor Qy Nwus i j fxj t krs gSaA bl i zdkjds i zHkkfor Qyksa l s nqxZU/k vkrh gS rFkk Lokn Hkh[kjkc gks t krk gSA

i zca/ku

i sM+kas i j l qgkxk ¼10 xzk-@yh-½ dk i .khZ;

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43

o"kZ 13 vad 2 m| ku j f' e] 2012

fNM+dko djuk pkfg, ; k l qgkxk ¼500 xzk-@i sM+½dks feV~Vh esa feykus l s i zHkkoh fu;a=.k fd; k t kl drk gSA

t Lrs dh deh

y{k.k

l cl s i gys i kS/kkas ds Åi jh fgLl ksa dh Vgfu; ksads vxzLFk fl j s i j t Lrs dh deh ds y{k.k ns[ks t kl drs gaSA bl esa u;h i fRr; k¡ xqykch jax dh eksVhgks t krh gSaA i fj i Do i fRr; ksa dk vxyk Hkkx uhpsdh rjQ eqM+ t krk gS vFkok i fRr; ksa ds fdukjsrFkk vkxs dk Hkkx Åi j dh rjQ eqM+ t krk gSAdHkh&dHkh i fRr; ksa ds vxzLFk Hkkx esa ?kqeko vkt krk gSA i fRr; ksa dh f’kjk,¡ i hyh gks t krh gSa rFkkÅi jh l rg i j f’kj k,¡ Li "V fn[kk;h nsrh gaS t cfdIk.kZ f’kjkvksa ds chp dk Hkkx i zk;% gjs jax dk gksrkgSA dHkh&dHkh f’kjkvksa ds e/; i fRr; ksa i j i hysjax ds /kCcs cu t krs gSa ft l ds dkj .k i fRr; k¡èkCcsnkj@fpRrhnkj fn[kk;h nsrh gSaA bl deh dsdkj .k l k/kkj .k i fRr; ksa dh vi s{kk i fRr; ksa dhyEckbZ&pkSM+kbZ cgqr vf/kd ?kV t krh gSA bl l si fRr; k¡ eksVh ,oa vkl kuh l s VwVus okyh gks t krh gSaAIkoZ rFkk i oZl af/k; ksa ds NksVs gksus ds dkj .k Vgfu; ksads vxzLFk fl j s i j i fRr; k¡ >qaM esa vf/kd l a[ ; k esafn[kk;h nsrh gSaA

t Lrs dh e/; e ek=k dh deh l s i zk;% u;hi fRr; ksa dh o‘f) i zHkkfor ugha gksrh gS] ysfduvfèkd ek=k dh deh l s i fRr; k¡ i zHkkfor gksrh gSaAbl n’kk esa dqN Vgfu; ksa i j mYVk l w[kk chekjh Hkhfn[kk;h nsrh gSA ,sl h n’kk yxkrkj cuh jgus i ji sM+ ej Hkh t krs gSaA

ul Zjh ds u; s i kS/kksa ds o‘f) okys vxzLFk Hkkxi zk;% i zHkkfor gksrs gaSA ,sl s i kS/ks det ksj Vgfu; ksa dsl kFk NksVs jg t krs gSaA t c i q"i dfy; k¡ bl l si zHkkfor gksrh gSa rks fofHkUu i zdkj dh vfu; ferrk,¡fn[kk;h nsrh gSaA i fRr; k¡ NksVh&NksVh gks t krh gSa rFkkfofHkUUk vkdkj dh gksrh gSa rFkk uhps dh rjQ >qdt krh gSaA ,sl s i zHkkfor i kS/ks det ksj ut j vkrs gSarFkk QyksRi knu ugha dj rsA

i zca/ku

i zHkkfor i sM+ksa i j o"kZ esa nks ckj ft ad ¼ft adl YQsV&2 fd-xzk-] pwuk&1 fd-xzk- rFkk 450yh- i kuh½ dk fNM+dko dj ft ad dh deh dsy{k.k dks nwj fd; k t k l drk gSA

rk¡cs dh deh

y{k.k

i zk;% bl dh deh ds y{k.k u; s i sM+ksa i jfn[kk;h nsrs gSa ft l esa l k/kkj .kr% vf/kd ukbVªkst u;qDr moZjdksa dk i z; ksx fd; k t krk gSA bl dsl kFk&l kFk ft ad dh deh ds y{k.k Hkh i k; s t krs gSaAbl i zdkj dh deh ds y{k.k mu i kS/kksa es fn[kk;hnsrs gSa t ks cyqbZ t ehu esa yxs gksrs gaSA det ksjVgfu; k¡] vzxzLFk i zjksg dh i fRR;ksa dk fxjuk]MkbZcSd ¼mYVk l w[kk½ y{k.k rFkk ' kk[kkvksa dkVs<+k&es<+k gksuk Li "V n’kkZrk gS fd i sM+ dks dkWi j rk¡csdh vko’;drk gSA

i zca/ku

i sM+ ds pkjksa vksj dkWi j l YQsV ¼rwfr; k½¼250 xzk- i zfr nl o"khZ; i sM+½ Mky dj

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44

o"kZ 13 vad 2 m| ku j f' e] 2012

xqM+kbZ djsaA ;g Hkh ns[kk x; k gS fd ft uckxksa esa ,sUFkzsDukst vkSj vU; i .khZ; /kCcksa dhchekfj ; ksa ds fu;a=.k gsrq rkez;qDr QQw¡nuk’kddk fNM+dko fd; k t krk gS muesa ;g dehLor% gh l ekIr gks t krh gSA

i sM+ksa dk i ru

y{k.k

mRrjh Hkkj r esa vke ds i sM+ksa ds i ru dhl eL; k i zkjEHk gks x;h gSA e/; mRrj i zns’k east gk¡&rgk¡ vke ds i sM+ i ru l s xzLr feyrs gSaAi zk;% i qjkus i sM+kas esa i ru ds y{k.k fn[k t krs gSaAi zkjaHk esa i qjkuh i fRr; ksa esa y{k.k fn[kk;h nsrs gSaft l esa Ård e‘ri zk; gks t krs gSaA i fRr; ksa ds vxysfl j s rFkk fdukjs i j vfu; fer@Hkwjs jax ds Ård{k;h/kCcs cu t krs gaS RkFkk j ksx dh vf/kdrk esa l Ei w.kZi fRr;k¡ bl l s i zHkkfor gksrh gSaA u;h i fRr; k¡ fudyusds 2&3 ekg rd i zHkkfor ugha gksrh gaSA ckn esaèkhjs&/khjs Åi jh Vgfu; k¡ l w[kus yxrh gSa rFkk cknesa cM+h&cM+h 'kk[kk,¡ bl l s i zHkkfor gksrh gaSA i zHkkfori sM+kas esa de ?kuki u vkSj i fRr; ksa esa de gjki ugksrk gS ft l l s i sM+ chekj fn[kk;h nsrs gSaA

i zca/ku

i sM+kass ds ejus ds vusd t Soh; dkj .k gksl drs gSaA fu; fer ek=k esa l w{e rRo eq[; r%dkWi j l YQsV ¼1%½ rFkk cksjku ¼0-5%½ dsmoZjdksa dk i z; ksx dj bl vfu; ferrk dks

jksdk t k l drk gSA

vf/kd fl apkbZ dj yo.k dh l kanzrk dks defd; k t k l drk gS rFkk l eL; k dk funkufd; k t k l drk gSA

vf/kd yo.k l s gkfu

y{k.k

i fRr; ksa ds vxz Hkkx dk l w[kuk rFkk i fRr; ksads e/; esa vfu; fer l w[ks Ård{k;h /kCcs fn[kk;hi M+uk bl ds y{k.k gSaA bu /kCcksa i j vYVjusfj ; k]i sLVsyksfl ; k ,oa vU; QQ¡wn fodfl r gksrs gSaAvfxze fl j s l s i fRr; ksa ds l w[kus dk dkj .k Kkrugha gS ysfdu i sM+kas i j yo.kh; fNM+dko ,oayo.kh; fl apkbZ djus l s i fRr; ksa ds vxzLFk fl j sl w[kus yxrs gSaA vU; dkjd t Sl s l w[ks l s ueh dhdeh] feV~Vh esa vf/kd yo.k dh ek=k ,oa t M+ rU=esa uqdl ku bl l eL; k ds dkj .k gks l drs gSaA

i zca/ku

ckxksa ds i sM+ksa ds chp fjDr Hkkx esa <+Sapk¼gjh [kkn½ yxkuk ,oa t qrkbZ dj feykukykHkdkjh gksrk gSA

i sM+ ds pkj kas r j Q Fkkyksa esa ft Il e¼50 fd-xzk- i zfr 50&80 o"kZ ds o‘{k gsrq½ dki z; ksx djus dh l aLrqfr dh x;h gSA

ckxksa esa xkscj RkFkk dEi ksLV [kkn dk i z; ksxi zfr o"kZ djuk pkfg,A

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o"kZ 13 vad 2 m| ku j f' e] 2012

yhph dk nSfgd fodkj ksa l s cpkoj kt s' k dqekj 1

j k"Vªh; yhph vuql a/kku dsUnz] eqt ¶Qj i qj

yhph Hkkj r dh ,d egRoi w.kZ O;kol kf; dQl y gSA Ykksdfç; rk ds vk/kkj i j j axhu ,oaj l Hkjh yhph dks Qyksa dh j kuh Hkh dgk t krk gSA;g ,d fof' k"V t yok;q i l an Ql y gS vkSj bl dsQyksa dh mRi kndrk ,oa xq.koRrk okrkoj .k dsvusd ?kVdksa i j fuHkZj dj rh gSA bl ds vykokmÙke vkS| kfud fØ;kvksa ds vkHkko esa bl dhl Qy ckxokuh esa vusd rjg dh ck/kk,¡ vkrh gSavkSj nSfgd fodkj rFkk dhV ,oa O;kf/k ds c<+rsçdksi l s mRi knu esa gzkl gksrk gSA QyLo: iO;kol kf; d mRi knu esa deh vkus ds dkj .k mRikndksadks vkfFkZd gkfu dk l keuk djuk i M+rk gSA yhphds xq.koRRkk;qDr mRi knu dks i zHkkfor djus okysfodkjksa esa vfu; fer Qyu ,oa vQyu] Qwy ,oaQy dk >M+uk] QVuk] >qyl uk] vfodfl r ,oafod‘r Qy] dks; fy; k fodkj vkfn eq[ ; gSaA yhphds ; s nSfgd fodkjksa dk i zdksi ,oa rhozrk fdLefo'ks"k] o‘{k dh mez ,oa l ajpuk ,oa ekSl e i jfuHkZj dj rh gS ft l dh t kudkjh vR;Ur ghvko' ; d gSA

vfu; fer Qyu ,oa vQyu dh l eL; k

; g l eL; k yhph mRi knu {ks=ksa esa vR;Ur ghxaHkhj gSA Qy /kkj .k dh {kerk eq[ ; r; k fdLeksa

dh i zd‘fr i j fuHkZj dj rh gS t cfd dqN fdLeksaesa pkyw o"kZ ds Qyr MaByksa esa mRi knu {kerkvxys o"kZ esa cgqr vf/kd gksrh gSA MaByksa dseat fj r gksus dh voLFkk] ml ds ckjackj rk i jfuHkZj ugha dj eq[ ; r% foxr o"kZ ds Qyu ; kvQyu i j Hkh fuHkZj dj rh gSA mfpr i zca/ku dsvHkko l s Hkh yxkrkj Qyus okyh fdLeksa esavQyu i Snk gks t krk gSA xyr i zca/ku rduhdksa esa[kkn ,oa moZjdksa ¼fo'ks"kdj ukbVªkst u;qDr½ dk nsjl s ; k vl kef; d i z; ksx] eat j ,oa Qy yxus dsi gys fl apkbZ dh ckjackj rk ; k vf/kdrk vkfneq[; : i l s vfu; fer Qyu ; k vQyu dksc<+kok nsrs gSaA yhph esa vfu; fer Qyu ds fy,vkuqoaf’kd dkj .kksa l s T; knk fl apkbZ] i ks"k.k vkSjokrkoj .k ds dkjd ft Eesnkj gSaA feV~Vh ds i zdkjds l kFk&l kFk vi uk; s x; s i zca/ku ds rjhdksa i j Hkhbl l eL; k dh rhozrk fuHkZj dj rh gSA rqM+kbZ ,oadVkbZ&N¡VkbZ dh i zfØ;kvksa esa dh x;h nsjh l s Hkhml pkyw o"kZ esa vQyu dh l eL; k vk t krh gSA

y{k.k

yhph dh dqN fdLeksa esa cgq/kk vfèkd Qyuokys o"kZ ds ckn de Qyu ; k vQyu o"kZ gksrkgS t cfd dqN fdLeksa esa i zR;sd o"kZ vPNh Qyu

1i z/kku oSKkfud

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o"kZ 13 vad 2 m| ku j f' e] 2012

gksrh gSA dHkh&dHkh fdl h o"kZ eat j fudyrs l e;; fn okuLi frd dYys fudyus yxrs gSa rks ogvQyu o"kZ gks t krk gSA ;nk&dnk o‘{k ds dqNHkkx esa gh yEcs ,oa vk/kkj i j i q"i u i fRRk;k¡; qDreat j okys MaBy fudyrs gSa ft l ds ' kh"kZ i j cgqrde Qyu gksrk gSA

i zca/ku

fu; fer Qyu okyh fdLeksa dk p;u ,oajksi .k vko’;d gSA Hkkj r esa eq[; r% 'kkgh]nsgjknwu ,oa j kst l sUVsM fu; fer Qyu okyhfdLesa gSa t cfd pkbuk ¼dydfr; k½] i wohZ]cEcbZ] csnkuk vkfn esa vfu; fer Qyu dhl eL; k gksrh gSA

yhph ds ckxkuksa esa mezokj vk/kkj i j [kkn,oa moZjdksa }kjk l eqfpr ,oa l arqfyr i ks"k.krqM+kbZ ds rqjUr ckn mfpr fof/k }kjk nsukvko’;d gksrk gSA l kFk gh ok¡fNr ek=k esamfpr fofèk ,oa l e; i j fl apkbZ djukvko’;d gksrk gSA yhph ds Qyksa ds xwns dsfodkl ds l e; [kkl dj ueh dh i ; kZIrek=k dk cjdjkj jguk vko’;d gSA Ql yl qj {kk ds mi k; ksa dks vi ukdj gkfudkjddhVksa ,oa O;kf/k; ksa ds i zdksi dks fu;af=rdjuk vko’;d gSA

yhph ds o‘{kksa dh Qy rqM+kbZ ds l e; ; krqM+kbZ ds rqjUr ckn dVkbZ&N¡VkbZ vR;Urvko’;d gSA ,sl s rks Qyksa ds rqM+kbZ ds l e;gh Qy ds xqPNksa dks 8&10 bap yEcs MaByl fgr rqM+kbZ dh t kuh pkfg, ft l l s ml ds

ckn LoLFk ,oa et cwr dYys rqjUr fudyl dsa rFkk vxys o"kZ vf/kd Qyu gksA o‘{kksadk forku i zca/ku ; k <k¡pk fuekZ.k bl i zdkjdjuk pkfg, fd forku v) Zo‘Ùkkdkj ; k[kqys Nrjh ds vkdkj dk gksA

Qwy ,oa Qyksa dk >M+uk

vf/kd i q"i u ds ckn xyr i zca/ku fof/k ,oai zfrdwy okrkoj .k ds dkj .k Hkh Qwy ds >M+us ,oaQy de yxus dh l eL; k vk t krh gSA yhph esaQwy ,oa Qy yxus dh 'kq: vkrh voLFkk esai zfr’krrk cgqr vf/kd gksrh gS t cfd ml dk cgqrgh de i zfr’kr Hkkx i fj i Dork rd i gq¡prk gSAQy >M+us dh 'kq: vkr Qy yxus ds rqjUr cknl s ' kq: gksrh gS vkSj Qy i dus rd cjdjkjjgrh gSA Qy >M+us dh j¶rkj nks voLFkk esaT;knk ns[kh x;h gS ,d rks i j kx.k ,oa fu"ksp.k dhi zfØ;k l gh ugha gksus i j ,oa nwl jh Qy yxus dsckn t c Qyksa ds cht ,oa xwns dk fodkl gks jgkgksrk gSA bl ds vusd dkj .k gks l drs gSaA vkarfjddkj .kksa esa eq[; : i l s fu"kspu dh fØ;k dk i wjku gksuk] Hkzw.ki kr gksuk ,oa gkeksZu dk vl arqyurFkk ckg~; dkj .kksa esa [kfut i ks"k.k dh deh] mPprkei ku dk i zHkko] feV~Vh esa ueh dh deh] devknzZrk] rst gok vkSj dhV ,oa O;kf/k; ksa dk i zdksieq[ ; gSaA

y{k.k

eat j ds MaByksa i j vusd voLFkkvksa esa Qwyfudyrs gSaA i q"i u ds dqN fnuksa ckn uj Qwyksa ds

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o"kZ 13 vad 2 m| ku j f' e] 2012

>M+us dh 'kq: vkr gksrh gS vkSj fQj i j kx.k dhi zfØ;k ds ckn Qy yxus l s ysdj Qy i dus rdfofHkUu voLFkkvksa esa Qyksa dk >M+uk cjdjkjjgrk gSA T;knkrj Qy >M+us l s eat j dh MaByi j dqN Qy ; k ,dne ugha yxrs gSa vkSj eat jdh MaBysa l w[kh yEch frfYy; ksa okyh >kM+w dh rjgns[kh t k l drh gSaA

i zca/ku

yhph esa e/kqeD[kh }kjk eq[ ; : i l s i j kx.kgksrk gSA vf/kd l a[ ; k esa e/kqefD[k; ksa dsHkze.k l s i j kx.k ,oa fu"ksp.k dh csgrji zfØ;k esa c<+ksrjh l s Qy /kkj .k {kerkc<+rh gSA i q"i u dh voLFkk esa dhVuk’kh ; kvU; fNM+dko oft Zr gSA

eat j fudyus ds l aHkkfor l e; ¼Qjojhekg½ l s ,d ekg i gys ft ad l YQsV (0.2%)dk i .khZ; fNM+dko djus l s eat j i q"V ,oaeknk Qwyksa dh l a[ ; k vf/kd gksrh gSA Qy dsfodkl ds Øe esa xwns cuus dh 'kq: vkr dsl e; cksjku ¼0-2%½ dk i .khZ; fNM+dko¼7&8 fnu ds vUrj i j nks ckj½ rFkk t M+foU;kl {ks= esa ueh l qfuf'pr djuk pkfg,A

t So o‘f) fu; kedksa ¼,u-,-, -&20 i h-ih-,e-; k IySuksfQDl &2 fe-yh-@5 yh- ; k ft czsfydv Ey&20&25 i h-i h-, e- ; k 2]4&MkbDyksjksfQuksDl h , l hVhd vEy&10&20i h-i h-,e-½ dk ?kksy cukdj Qy ds eVj dsnkus ds vkdkj dh voLFkk esa fNM+dko djusl s Qy ds >M+us esa deh gksus ds dkj .k Qy

/kkj .k {kerk ,oa xq.koRrk;qDr Qyu esac<+ksrjh gksrh gSA

t kM+s esa fudyus okys okuLi frd dYyksa dsfodkl i j j ksd yxkdj Qy /kkj .k {kerkdks c<+k;k t k l drk gSA Qy rqM+kbZ dsrqjUr ckn dh x;h ok¡fNr dVkbZ&N¡VkbZ ,oal /kkbZ i zfØ;k l s i q"V ,oa LoLFk dYyksa dsfodkl gksus l s i q"i u&Qyu ¼i q"i u {kerk,oa eknk Qwyksa dh l a[ ; k½ c<+rh gSA

Qy QVuk

rqM+kbZ i woZ mRi Uu gksus okys fodkjksa esa QyQVus dh l eL; k ds dkj .k yhph ds xq.koRrk;qDrmRi knu ,oa mi t esa Hkkjh deh vk t krh gSA QyQVus dh l eL; k Qy fodkl ds vafre pj .k esamRi Uu gksrh gS t cfd Qyksa esa xwns dk fodkl rst hl s gks jgk gksrk gSA Qy ds fNyds dk QVuk] xwns,oa fNyds ds fodkl esa vl arqyu gksus ds dkj .kgksrk gSA vkarfjd xwns ds fodkl }kjk ckgjhfNyds i j ncko mRi Uu gksrk gS vkSj ckgjhi zfrdwy okrkoj .k ,oa vkarfjd fNyds dh nSfgdvl keat L; ds dkj .k dksf’kdkvksa dk QSyko ,oafoHkkt u l gh ugha gksus l s fNydk ncko l gu ughadj i krk vkSj QV t krk gSA bl ds dkj .k yhph dsmRi knu esa 5&70 i zfr’kr rd {kfr vk¡dh x;h gSAbl ds vykok Qy ds fodkl ds Øe esa i ks"k.k ; kueh dh deh Hkh fNyds dh c<+okj ] xwns ds fodkldh vi s{kkd‘r de gksus ds dkj .k Qy i dus dsi gys fNyds QV t krs gSaA Qy QVus dh l eL; kHkwfe ,oa okrkoj .k esa ueh ds vl arqyu gksus i j Hkh

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o"kZ 13 vad 2 m| ku j f' e] 2012

gksrh gSA l kFk gh rst ' kq"d xeZ gokvksa ds cgus l sfNyds dh ckgjh i j r l w[kus ds dkj .k QVus dhl eL; k vkrh gSA o‘f) fu; kedksa ds vl arqyu ; kdeh gksus l s Hkh Qy QVus dh l eL; k nt Z dh x;hgSA yhph dh dqN fdLekas esa Qy QVus dh l eL; kdk vkuqoaf’kd dkj .k crk; k t krk gSA okrkoj .k dsdkj .kksa esa rki eku] vki sf{kd vknzZrk] o"kkZ vkSjgokvksa dh fn’kk Qy QVus dh l eL; k l s t qM+s gq,i k; s x; s gSaA Qy QVus dh l eL; k T; knkrj Qyksaesa jax cnyus dh voLFkk esa gksrh gSA ft l l e;xwns dk fodkl vi us mRd"kZ i j gksrk gS ml l e;; fn okrkoj .k esa rki eku esa o‘f) ] rst h ,oa fLFkj rkrFkk vki sf{kd vknzZrk esa deh gksus i j fNydkl w[kus l s Qy QVus dh l eL; k rhoz gks t krh gSAmfpr i zca/ku ds vHkko okys cxhpksa esa 'kq"dokrkoj .k esa vpkud gqbZ o"kkZ l s ; k vf/kd fl apkbZdj nsus i j okrkoj .k esa rki eku ,oa vknZzrk dsvl arqyu l s Qy QVus dh l eL; k rhozre i k; hx;h gSA i ks"kd rRoksa dh deh Hkh bl fodkj dksi zHkkfor dj rh gSA fNyds i j dhM+ksa }kjk fd; kx; k ?kko ; k vU; dksbZ pksV Hkh bl fodkj dsmRi Uu gksus esa l gk;d gksrh gSA

y{k.k

Qy esa QVko NksVs vkdkj l s ysdj l Ei w.kZQy ds yEckbZ fy, gq, gksrk gSA t Sl s gh vUnj dkxwnsnkj Hkkx ckgj ds okrkoj .k esa vkrk gS l M+usdh i zfØ;k ' kq: gks t krh gSA l rg i j ; g QVkoQy ds yEckbZ dh vksj ; k xksykbZ i j gks l drkgSA QVs Qy rst h l s [kj kc gksus yxrs gSa vkSj bli j f} rh;d ds : i esa dhV ,oa O;kf/k; ksa dk

i zgkj@i zdksi ' kq: gks t krk gS ft l l s Qy foi .ku; ksX; ugha jgrs ,oa mRi kndksa dks Hkkjh uqdl kugksrk gSA

i zca/ku

dSfYl ;e] ft czsyhu vkfn ds i z; ksx l s l sywyksldh fØ;k’khyrk de gksus ds dkj .k l rghnjkj esa deh vkrh gSA nwl js o‘f) fu; kedt Sl s 2] 4&Mh ; k ,u-, -, - dk 20 fe-xzk-@yhVj l kanzrk esa fNM+dko Hkh dkQh i zHkkodkjhgksrk gSA

t M+ foU;kl {ks= esa i ; kZIr ueh dh voLFkkdks dk;e j [krs gq, cksjku dk fNM+dkocksjsDl ; k cksfjd vEy ¼2 xzk-@yhVj½ ds: i esa xwns ds fodkl ds ' kq: vkr esa djusl s Qy QVus dh l eL; k esa deh vkrh gSA

Hkwfe esa ueh dh mi yC/krk 40 i zfr’kr l sde gksus i j fl apkbZ dj rs jgus i j QyQVus dh l eL; k de gksrh gSA

Qy QVus dh l eL; k ds i zfr ,d i zfrj ks/khfodfl r fdLe Lo.kZ: i k dks l eL; k okys {ks=esa yxkuk pkfg,A

gok vojks/kh o‘{kksa dks ¼mRrj i wohZ Hkkxksa esa½yxkdj bl fodkj dks cgqr gn rd fu;af=rfd; k t k l drk gSA

Qy dk >qyl uk

yhph mRi knu ds {ks= esa Qy dk >qyl uk ; kHkwjk /kCcsnkj gksuk ,d xaHkhj l eL; k gS ft l l s

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o"kZ 13 vad 2 m| ku j f' e] 2012

yhph O;ol k; esa gkfu gksrh gSA bl fodkj dsmRi Uu gksus esa okrkoj .k ds dkjdksa ds vykokfdLe] gkeksZu] i ks"k.k] e‘nk dh ueh vkfn dkjdksadk l g&l aca/k i k; k x; k gSA cyqbZ ; k cyqbZ nkseVfeV~Vh esa yxs yhph ds ckxksa esa i zca/ku dk vHkkogksus ds l kFk&l kFk ; fn okrkoj .k esa vf/kd rki eku¼400 l s-xzs- l s T; knk½ ,oa ' kq"drk ¼vk-vk- 50%l s de½ gks t kus i j bl fodkj dh l eL; k rhoz gkst krh gSA fl apkbZ dh vO;oLFkk ,oa o"kkZ dh Qqgkjds dkj .k fNyds i j cawnksa dk t ek jguk Hkh blfodkj dks c<+kus esa l gk;d gksrk gSA ;g l eL; kmRrj i wohZ fgLl s dh vi s{kk nf{k.kh&i f’pe Hkkx esaT;knk rhoz gksrh gSA

y{k.k

gYdk Hkwjk /kCck Qy ds fNyds ds dqN Hkkxesa mRi Uu gksuk ft l i j l w;Z dh l h/kh rst j ks’kuhi M+ jgh gks] Qy dks >qyl uk n'kkZrk gSA fNyds dkvk/ks l s vf/kd Hkkx /kCcsnkj ] gYdk Hkwjk ; kcnjax gks t krk gS ft l l s Qy foi .ku ; ksX; ughajg t krk gSA

i zca/ku

Hkwfe esa ueh dh i ; kZIr mi yC/krk] fo'ks"k : il s Qy ds fodkl ds Øe esa ¼xwns ds fodklds l e;½ jgus i j Qy >qyl us dh l eL; kde gksrh gSA

gok vojks/kh o‘{kksa dks mRrj i wohZ Hkkxksa esayxkdj bl fodkj dks cgqr gn rd fu;af=rfd; k t k l drk gSA

vfodfl r ,oa fod‘r Qy

vfodfl r Qyksa dk gksuk mfpr i j kx.k ,oafu"ksp.k dk vHkko eq[; : i l s ft Eesnkj gSA bl dsvykok HkkSfrd >d>ksj rFkk dhV ,oa O;kf/k; ksa dki zdksi Hkh vfodfl r@fod‘r Qyksa ds cuus esal gk;d gksrk gSA l kFk gh Qy ds fodkl dhvoLFkkvksa esa ueh dh deh Hkh ,d dkj .k gSA

y{k.k

bl esa Qyksa dk vkdkj l kekU; l s NksVk rFkkj l ,oa xwns dh ek=k de curh gSA bl rjg dsQyksa dk jax Hkh 'kq: vkr l s gh gfj rk; qDr i hyk,oa pedhyk jgrk gS t ks ckn esa gYds yky jax dkgks t krk gS vkSj i fj i Dork l s i gys gh Qy >M+uki zkjEHk gks t krk gSA Qy ds fodkl esa xwns dkfodkl ugha ds cjkcj gksrk gS rFkk vfodfl rvYi xwns ds dkj .k Hkzw.k ¼cht ½ dk dqN Hkkx [kqykgh jgk t krk gSA

i zca/ku

i ks"k.k i zca/ku ,oa i ; kZIr ueh dh voLFkk¼xwns ds fodkl ds l e;½ l kekU; , oaxq.koRrk;qDr LoLFk Qyksa ds cuus esa l gk;dgksrh gSA

i q"i u ,oa Qy yxus ds l e; i ; kZIr l a[ ; kesa i j kx.k dhV ¼e/kqefD[k; ksa½ dk Hkze.kdjkdj csgrj i j kx.k ,oa fu"kspu }kjkl kekU; ,oa xq.koRrk;qDr LoLFk Qyksa dkmRi knu c<+k;k t k l drk gSA

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o"kZ 13 vad 2 m| ku j f' e] 2012

Qy ds fodkl ds Øe esa ¼xwns ds fodkl dsl e; ½ l qcg ds l e; l kekU; t y dkfNM+dko dkQh ykHkizn gksrk gSA bl ds vykokfLi zadyj ¼fNM+dko½ i z.kkyh }kjk fl apkbZ dhO;oLFkk Hkh bl fodkj dks cgqr gn rdfu;af=r dj nsrh gSA

dks; fy; k fodkj ; k Qy ' kh"kZ dkyk /kCckj ksx

vkcknh okys {ks=ksa ds l ehi yhph ds ckxksa esa;g l eL; k i k; h x;h gSA l kFk gh mfpr i zcaèku dkvHkko Hkh eq[; : i l s ft Eesnkj gSA bl ds vykokQy ds fodkl dh voLFkkvksa esa ueh dh deh Hkh,d dkj .k gSA

y{k.k

bl esa Qyksa ds ' kh"kZ i j dkyk /kCck cu t krkgS vkSj bl rjg ds Qyksa dk fodkl Hkh 'kq: vkr

l s gh /khek jgrk gS t ks ckn esa l M+u i Snk dj rkgS vkSj i fj i Dork l s i gys gh Qy >M+uk i zkjaHk gkst krs gSaA

i zca/ku

i ks"k.k i zca/ku ,oa i ; kZIr ueh dh voLFkk¼xwns ds fodkl ds l e;½ vko' ; d gSA

Qy ds fodkl ds Øe esa ¼xwns ds fodkl dsl e; ½ l qcg ds l e; l kekU; t y dkfNM+dko dkQh ykHkizn gksrk gSA bl ds vykokeat j fudyus ds l aHkkfor l e; ¼Qjojhekg½ l s ,d ekg igys ft ad l YQsV ¼0-2%½,oa Qy ds fodkl ds Øe esa xwns cuus dh'kq: vkr ds l e; cksjku ¼0-2%½ dk i .khZ;fNM+dko ¼7&8 fnu ds vUrj i j nks ckj ]t M+ foU;kl {ks= esa ueh l qfuf'pr dj½ blfodkj dks cgqr gn rd fua; f=r dj nsrkgSA

Qy QVus dh l eL; k Qy >qyl us dh l eL; k

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o"kZ 13 vad 2 m| ku j f' e] 2012

ve: n ds ckxksa dks j [ ksa dhV ,oa chekfj ; ksa l s eqDrnhi d dqekj t Su1 , oa vkuUn fl ag t ks/kk2

fo| k Hkou df"k foKku dssUnz] cM+xk¡o] mn; i qj

fo’o esa Qy mRi knu esa phu ds ckn Hkkj rdk nwl jk LFkku gSA Hkkj r esa vke] dsyk rFkk uhcwoxhZ; Ql y ds ckn ve: n pkSFkh eq[; Ql y gSAve: n Hkkj r esa yxHkx l Hkh LFkkuksa i j i Snk dht krh gSSA bl dh i Snkokj eq[ ; : i l s fcgkj ] vkaèkzi zns’k] mRrj çns’k] xqt j kr] dukZVd] e/; çns’k]rfeyukMq rFkk j kt LFkku esa dh t krh gSA Hkkj r esabl s yxHkx 150-9 gsDVs; j esa i Snk fd; k t krk gSft l dk mRi knu yxHkx 1710-5 fefy;u Vu gSAx‘g okfVdk esa Hkh ve: n dks LFkku fn; k t krk gSAft l r jg cdjh dks xjhc dh xk; * dgk t krk gS]ml h rjg ve: n dks xjhc dk Qy* Hkh dgkt krk gSA bl dk Qy ehBk] e/kqj ] l qxa/k okyk]i kpd ,oa Lokfn"V gksrk gSA bl ds Qyksa esa i zpqjek=k esa foVkfeu l h i k; k t krk gSA Qyksa dks rkt k[kkus ds vykok bl s t Syh cukus esa Hkh i z; ksx fd; kt krk gSA ve: n ds l Qy mRi knu esa dhV ,oachekfj ; k¡ i zeq[krk l s #dkoV i Snk dj rs gSa] vr%fdl kuksa dks pkfg, fd os l e; jgrs Ql y dhdhVksa ,oa chekfj ; ksa l s l qj {kk dj vPNk mRi knui zkIr djsaA ve: n esa yxus okys i zeq[k gkfudkjddhV ,oa chekfj ; k¡ fuEufyf[kr gSaA

i zeq[k dhV

Qy eD[kh ¼ÝwV ¶ykbZ½

; g eD[kh cj l kr ds Qyksa dks fo’ks"k : i l sgkfu i gq¡pkrh gSA ;g Qyksa ds vUnj vaMs nsrh gS]ft ul s ckn esa yVsa ¼eSxV~l ½ fudyrh gSa t ks Qy dsvUnj xwnk dks [kkus yxrh gSaA Qyksa esa fd.Mou¼QjeuVs’ku½ gksus l s xwnk l M+ t krk gS ft l l si zHkkfor Qy Hkh i dus l s i woZ uhps fxj t krk gSA

j ksdFkke

i zHkkfor Qyksa dks bdV~Bk dj Hkwfe esa xgjkxkM+sa vFkok u"V dj nsaA

1 fe-yh- esykfFk; ku 50 bZ-l h- ; k feFkkbyfMesVku 25 bZ-l h- dks i zfr yhVj i kuh dsfgl kc l s ekpZ] vi zSy] ebZ] t wu] fl rEcjrFkk vDVwcj esa fNM+dko djsaA

1 yhVj i kuh esa 100 xzke phuh rFkk 10 fe-yh- esykfFk; ku feykdj bl s 100 fe-yh-i zfr cksry dh nj mUgsa t xg&t xg i sM+ksa i jyVdk nsaA

1dhV oSKkfud ,oa 2m| ku oSKkfud

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52

o"kZ 13 vad 2 m| ku j f' e] 2012

Qy e[ [kh dks veksfu; k l s cuh Y;wj ,oavkbl ks ;wft uksy uked j l k; u vkdf"kZrdjrs gSaA vr% bUgsa dhVuk’kh ds l kFk feykdjdhVksa dks u"V fd; k t k l drk gSA

xqft ; k ¼feyh cx½

bl dhV dh Åi jh l rg ekse t Sl h gksrh gSbl dkj .k bu i j j l k; uksa dk vl j cgqrèkhjs&èkhjs gksrk gSA bl dhV ds fuEQ rFkk o;Ldnksuksa gh dksey ' kk[kkvksa] i fÙk; ksa o i a[kqfM+;ksa l sfpi ddj j l pwl rs gSa] ft l l s i kS/kk i hyk i M+usyxrk gSA i fÙk; k¡ eqj>kdj l w[k t krh gSaA vf/kdi zdksi gksus i j Qwy Hkh de vkrs gSa rFkk Qy Hkhde curs gSaA ;g dhV ,d yl yl k ehBk i nkFkZmRl ft Zr dj rk gS ft l l s dod ¼QQwan½ dk vkØe.kHkh 'kq: gks t krk gSA bl dhV dk i zdksi Qjojh&ekpZrd i k; k t krk gSA

j ksdFkke

cxhpksa esa l kQ&l QkbZ dk i w.kZr; k /; kuj [ksaA i zeq[k [kj i rokjksa ,oa xkt j ?kkl dksm[kkM+dj u"V dj nsaA

i sM+ ds vkl i kl dh t xg l kQ j [ksa rFkkfl rEcj rd Fkkys dh feV~Vh dks i zfrekgi yVrs jgsa] ft l l s dhV ds v.Ms ckgjvkdj u"V gks t k; saA

50 l s 100 xzke D;wukyQkl ¼1-5%½ pw.kZdks i zfr i sM+ ds fgl kc l s Fkkys esa 15&20 l s-eh- xgjkbZ esa feyk; saA

f’k’kq dhVksa dks i sM+ i j p<+us l s j ksdus dsfy, uoEcj ekg esa i kWyhFkhu ¼400 xst ½ dh30&40 l s-eh- pkSM+h i V~Vh rus ds pkjksa vksjyxk; sa rFkk bl l s uhps 15&20 l s-eh- Hkkxrd xzhl dk ysi dj nsaA

; fn fQj Hkh feyh cx p<+ xbZ gks rks 1 fe-yh- eksuksØksVksQkl 36 , l -,y- rFkk 1 fe-yh- Mh-Mh-oh-i h- i zfr yhVj i kuh ds fgl kcl s feykdj fNM+dsa ;k 1-5 fe-yh- Mk;esFkks,V30 bZ-l h- ; k 1-5 fe-yh- i zksQsuksQkl ; k 1fe-yh- QSfUFk;ku i zfr yhVj i kuh ds fgl kcl s ?kksy cukdj fNM+dsaA

5 fe-yh- uhe rsy i zfr yhVj i kuh ds l kFk2 fe-yh- Vªkbt ksQksl feykdj fNM+duk HkhykHki zn jgrk gSA

fudksfVu l YQsV ikmMj ¼1%6000½ ds vuqikresa ?kksy cukdj fNM+dsaA

Nky Hk{kd

bl dhV dh yVsa ¼bfYy;k¡½ ve: n dh Nky]'kk[kkvksa ; k ruksa esa Nsn dj vUnj fNi h jgrh gSaAjkf= esa ; s bu fNnzksa l s fudydj i kS/kksa dh Nky dks[kkdj {kfr i gq¡pkrh gSaA ; s j s’keh /kkxksa l s t qM+s ; kydM+h ds VqdM+ksa ,oa vi us ey l s cus j {kdvkoj .k ds uhps [kkrh gqbZ Vs<+k&es<+k jkLrk cukrhgSaA vf/kdka’kr% ;g j kLrs fNnz ds uhps dh rjQgksrs gSaA ,d fNnz esa ,d bYyh ; k yV i k; h t krhgSA NksVs i kS/ks esa i zdksi gksus l s i kSèkk chekj fn[kk;hnsrk gS vkSj c<+okj #d t krh gS o ' kk[kk,¡ det ksj

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o"kZ 13 vad 2 m| ku j f' e] 2012

gksdj VwVdj fxj t krh gSaA

j ksdFkke

dVh&QVh Nky ; k <hyh Nky dks gVk nsarkfd O;Ld chVy v.Ms u ns i k; sa ; k l w[kh,oa xzfl r ' kk[kkvksa dks dkVdj t yk nsaA

dhV dk i zdksi fn[kk;h nsus i j fNnzksa esa 3&5fe-yh- dSjksfl u ; k i sVªksy ; k DyksjksQkeZ i zfrfNnz esa fi pdkjh ; k l wbZ dh l gk; rk l s Mkysa;k ml dk Qkgk cukdj vUnj Mky nsa ,oafNnz dks xhyh feV~Vh yxkdj cUn dj nsa ; k5 xzke dkcksZ¶;wjku 3 t h i zfr fNnz esa MkydjcUn dj nsa ; k l YQkl ¼,Y; qfefu; eQkl QkbM½ dh 1 xksyh ¼3 xzke½ i zfr fNnzMkydj cUn dj nsaA

' kk[kkvksa i j 2 fe-yh- feFkkby i sjkfFk; ku50 bZ-l h- i zfr yhVj i kuh dk ?kksy cukdjfNM+dko djsaA

de fNnz gksa rks yksgs ds rkj l s gh fNnz esayV dks ekj nsaA

vf/kd vkØe.k gksus i j dkWi j vkWDl hDyksjkbM¼l h-vks-l h-½ ?kksy dk ysi rus ds pkjksa vksjdj nsaA 20 xzke dkcsZfjy 50 MCY;w-i h- i zfryhVj ds fgl kc l s rus dh 3 QqV dh Å¡pkbZrd fNM+dko djsaA

i zj ksg ,oa Qy cs/kd

bl dhV dh bfYy; k¡ ve: n ds Qy]dfy; ksa ,oa i zj ksgksa dks {kfr i gq¡pkrh gSaA v.Mksa l s

fudyus ds ckn ; g Qyksa ds xwns] cht ] dfy; ksa ,oai zjksgksa ds eqyk;e mrdksa dks [kkdj {kfr i gq¡pkrhgSaA {kfrxzLr Qyksa l s ; g vi uk ey fudkyrh gSaft l l s Qyksa esa l M+u i Snk gks t krh gSA mudkckt kj ewY; Hkh de gks t krk gSA {kfr xzLr i zj ksg,oa dfy; k¡ Hkh eqj>kdj l w[k t krh gSaA dHkh&dHkhQy Hkh i dus l s i woZ fxj t krs gSaA

j ksdFkke

m| ku dks [kj i rokj l s eqDr j [ksaA {kfrxzLrHkkx dks u"V dj nsaA

1 fe-yh- esykfFk; ku 50 bZ-l h- i zfr yhVji kuh esa ?kksydj i zFke fNM+dko Qwy vkrsl e; rFkk Qy curs l e; djsaA

j kf= esa ,d ykbZV Vªsi i zfr gsDVs; j yxk; saA

vukj dh frryh

bl dhV dh yVsa Qy ds xwnksa esa vanj?kql dj ml s [kkrh gSaA xwns ds vykok ; g cht ksa dksHkh [kk t krh gSaA {kfrxzLr Qyksa esa cncw vkus yxrhgS rFkk Qy i dus l s i woZ gh fxj t krs gSaA yVksa ds?kql us ds LFkku i j Qy vanj dh rjQ nck gqvkekywe i M+rk gSA

j ksdFkke

xzfl r Qyksa dks u"V dj nsa ,oa cxhpksa dks[kj i rokj l s eqDr j [ksaA

xfeZ;ksa esa [kqnkbZ vFkok xqM+kbZ djsa rkfd I;wi kckgj vk t k; sA

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54

o"kZ 13 vad 2 m| ku j f' e] 2012

2 fe-yh- esykfFk; ku i zfr yhVj i kuh esafeykdj i gyk fNM+dko Qwy curs l e;rFkk vxyk Qy curs l e; djsaA

Qwy vkus okyh voLFkk i j 2 fe-yh- uhemRi kn i zfr yhVj i kuh esa feykdj fNM+dkodj saA

i zeq[k chekfj ; k¡

Eykfu ; k mdBk ¼eqj>ku] l w[ kk ; k foYV½

bl j ksx ds y{k.k nks voLFkk l s fn[kk;hi M+rs gSA

vkaf’kd eqj>ku% bl esa i kS/ks dh ,d ; k vf/kdeq[; ' kk[kk,¡ j ksx xzLr gksrh gSa vkSj vU; ' kk[kk,¡LoLFk fn[kk;h nsrh gSaA ,sl s i kS/kksa dh i fÙk; k¡ i hyhi M+dj >M+us yxrh gSaA jksx xzLr ' kk[kkvksa i j QyNksVs ,oa Hkwjs l [ r gks t krs gSaA

i w.kZ eqj>ku% bl voLFkk esa j ksx dk i zdksi i wjs i sM+i j gksrk gS vkSj og ' kh?kz l w[k t krk gSA jksxvxLr l s vDVwcj ekg esa mxz : i /kkj .k dj ysrkgSA

j ksdFkke

bl j ksx dk i zHkkoh fu;a=.k dfBu gSA fQjHkh dqN l ko/kkfu; k¡ j [ksaA

1 xzke csfoLVhu i zfr yhVj i kuh dh nj l s?kksy cukdj 20&30 yhVj ?kksy i zfr i sM+vFkok vko’;drkuql kj e‘nk dk fl apu¼MªsfUpax½ djus l s ykHk gksrk gSA

j ksx vkxs ugha QSys bl gsrq xzfl r i kS/ks dkst M+ l fgr m[kkM+dj u"V dj nsuk pkfg,,oa ml LFkku i j u; k i kS/kk yxkus l s i woZe‘nk dk mi pkj csfoLVhu ¼1 fe-yh-@yhVj½ds ?kksy l s djsaA

i zfrj ks/kh ewyo‘Ur l hMh;e dqt sfcfyl dkmi ; ksx djus i j i Snkokj c<+rh gS ,oa j ksxl s cpko l EHko gSA

Qy l M+u

; g j ksx o"kkZ _rq dh ve: n Ql y esaT;knk gksrk gSA vkjEHk esa Qyksa i j Hkwjs jax dsèkCcs curs gSa ,oa ckn esa c<+dj Qyksa dks l M+k nsrsgSaA okrkoj .k esa ueh gksus i j j ksx xzLr Qyksa i jdod dh l Qsn o‘f) Li "V fn[kk;h nsrh gSA

j ksdFkke

2 xzke esUdkst sc ¼,e&45½ i zfr yhVj i kuhesa ?kksydj 3 fNM+dko 15 fnu ds vUrjkyesa djsaA jksx xzLr ckx ; k m| ku esa 2fNM+dko o"kkZ vkus l s i gys djsaA

' ; ke o.kZ ¼,UFkzsdukst ½

bl j ksx dk Hkh i zdksi o"kkZ _rq esa vf/kdjgrk gSA xzfl r Qyksa i j dkyh fpfÙk; k¡ i M+ t krhgSa vkSj mudh of) #d t krh gSA ,sl s Qy i sM+ i jyxs jgrs gSa vkSj l M+ t krs gSaA jksxxzfl r dPpsQy l [ r ,oa dkdZ uqek gks t krs gSaA i sM+ ds fl j sl s j ksxh dksey ' kk[kk,¡ uhps dh rjQ l w[kus yxrhgSaA ,sl h ' kk[kkvksa dh i fÙk; k¡ >M+us yxrh gSa vkSj

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55

o"kZ 13 vad 2 m| ku j f' e] 2012

mudk jax Hkwjk gks t krk gSA

j ksdFkke

l w[kh Vgfu; ksa dks dkV nsuk pkfg, vkSjbl ds i ’pkr esUdkst sc 2 xzke i zfr yhVji kuh esa ?kksydj Qy vkus rd 15 fnu dsvUrjky i j fNM+dko djsaA

t Lrs dh deh

bl l w{e rRo dh deh l s i fÙk; k¡ vR; f/kd

NksVh o pfeZy gks t krh gSaA i fÙk; ksa dh f’kjkvksa dse/; dk Hkkx i hyk i M+dj rkez gks t krk gSA jksxxzLr i sM+ksa dh c<+okj #d t krh gS vkSj ; g Åi jl s uhps dh vksj l w[kdj ejus yxrs gSa ,oa QyHkh l [ r gks t krs gSaA

j ksdFkke

vi zSy o t wu ekg esa 6 xzke ft ad l YQsVrFkk 4 xzke cq>k gqvk pwuk 1 yhVj i kuh esa?kksydj fNM+dko djus l s t Lrs dh deh nwjdh t k l drh gSA

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56

o"kZ 13 vad 2 m| ku j f' e] 2012

df"k dk; Z esa doduk' kh i zfrt Sfodh dk mi ; ksx, -ds- HkV~Vkpkt hZ1 , oa Mh-ds- ' kqDy2

dsUnzh; mi ks".k ckxokuh l aLFkku] y[ kuÅ

l oZi zFke 1952 esa l a;qDr j kT; vesfjdk esaLVSªIVksekbfl u dk uk'ki krh ds Qk; j CykbV dsjksdFkke gsrq l Qyrki woZd i z; ksx fd; k x; kALVSªIVksekbfl u ; k LVSªIVksekbfl u ,oa Vsjkekbfl u dkfeJ.k i kS/kksa dks dsoy t hok.kq l s gksus okys j ksxksa l scpkrk gS t cfd ckn esa [kkst s x; s l kbDyksgsfDl hekbMo xzhl hvksQkWy~fou dk QQw¡nuk'kd i zHkko Hkh gksrkgSA i zfrt Sfodh dk df"k dk;Z esa mi ; ksx muds eg¡xsgksus ds l kFk&l kFk O;ki d : i esa dhVukf'k; ksa dhmi yC/krk ds dkj .k l hfer FkkA

i fjos'k dks i znw"k.k&eqDr j [kus ds fy; s mUuhl ohal nh ds pkyhl vkSj i pkl ds n'kd esa dqN ,sl sl fØ; i zfrt hok.kqvksa dk vkfo"dkj gqvk t ks cgqrl s i kni j ksx t ud QQw¡nksa ,oa t hok.kqvksa dks ekjusesa l {ke FksA bu i zfrt Sfodksa dk ,d fo'ks"k xq.k ; ggS fd budk dk;Z cgqr gh p;ukRed gksrk gSAdf"k dk;Z esa i z; qDr gksus okys T; knkrj i zfrt Sfodl ok±xh gksrs gSa ,oa dqN i zfrt Sfod dks NksM+dj ckdhl Hkh Lru/kkjh t kuojksa ds fy; s fo"kkDr ugha gksrsgSaA orZeku esa vkfo"dr i zfrt Sfodksa dh l a[ ; kl SdM+ksa esa gS ft uesa l s i kni j ksxksa dks fu;af=r djusokyksa dh l a[ ; k i pkl ds djhc gSA

i ; kZoj .k l aj {k.k i j t ksj nsus ds dkj .k ,sl si zfrt Sfodksa dk vkfo"dkj gqvk t ks t Sfod o vt Sfod

dkjdksa l s fuf"Ø; ; kSfxd esa cny t krs gSa ft l dsdkj .k ; s i ; kZoj .k esa LFkk;h ugha jg i krs vkSjbudk cgqr gh de vo'ks"k cprk gSA

QQw¡nuk' kd i zfrt Sfodksa dk i z; ksx

QQw¡nuk'kd i zfrt Sfod l kbDyksgsfDl ekbM dkl oZi zFke l a;qDr j kT; vesfjdk esa 1948 esa, fDVfM;ksu ds uke l s i z; ksx gqvk FkkA pwgksa i jbl dh ,y-Mh-50 2-5 feyhxzke i zfr fdyksxzke gSAgkyk¡fd cgqr l s i kS/k j ksxdkjh QQw¡n ds i zfr ; gdkjxj gS fdUrq bl dk i z; ksx i kS/kksa vkSj Lruèkkfj ; ksads i zfr mPp fo"kkDrrk ds dkj .k l hfer gSAt ki ku esa bl s I; kt o l t koVh i kS/kksa dh vusdchekfj ; ksa dh j ksdFkke gsrq 2 feyhxzke i zfr yhVjdh nj l s i z; ksx fd; k t krk gSA

xzhl hQkWyfou i zfrt Sfod vkWDl QksMZ vkfn¼1939½ }kjk i h- xzhfl ; ksQkWyoe ds p; ki p; ksa l si Fkd fd; k x; kA ; g csfl Mksekbl fVl ], Ldksekbl fVl ] QQw¡n bei jQsDVkb ,oa dqNQkbdksekbl fVl QQw¡n dk uk'kd gS fdUrq cSfVªfVl,ykbZ QQw¡n i j ; g l okZf/kd dkjxj gSA bl dkp;ukRed i zHkko gksrk gSA bl dk i kS/k l aj {k.k esal oZi zFke i z; ksx 1956 esa cSfVªfVl o l kjdksLi ksjki zt kfr; ksa }kjk mRi Uu [kjkZ QQw¡n ds j ksdFkke gsrq

1ofj "B oSKkfud ,oa 2rduhdh vf/kdkj h

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o"kZ 13 vad 2 m| ku j f' e] 2012

gqvk FkkA ;g t ki ku esa rj cwt esa ¶;wt sfj ; e foYVdh jksdFkke ,oa l sc esa Qwy vkrs l e; l M+u dhj ksdFkke gsrq fd; k x; kA pwgksa i j bl dh,y-Mh-50 400 feyhxzke i zfr fdyksxzke gSA

fVªdksFksfl u ,d ' kfDr'kkyh QQw¡n uk'kd gSA;g vukt ksa dh t M+ksa esa l M+u] xsgw¡ ds ywt + LeV]psjh ,oa [kV~Vh psjh dh chekfj ; ksa] eSnkuh Ql yksa ds¶;wt sfj ; e foYV] rEckdw esa [kjkZ ,oa di kl dscfVZfl fy; e foYV dh j ksdFkke esa l gk;d gSA

fXy;ksVkfDl u cgqr l s QQw¡nksa t Sl s VªkbdksMekZfofjMh] XykbdsfM; e Qkbfcz; sVe] , l i j ft yl¶;wfexsVl o i sfufl fYy;e dh fofHkUu i zt kfr; ksa dsp; ki p; ksa esa ekSt wn gksrk gSA gkyk¡fd ; g ¶;wt sfj ; el s#fy;e dh of) dks j ksdrk gS fdUrq bl dhvfLFkjrk ds dkj.k bl dk dsoy l S) kfUrd egRo gSA

CykfLVfl fMu , l fi fj feMhu i zdkj dk ,di zfrt Sfod gS ft l dh [kkst 1955 esa Qqdqukxk vkfnus dh FkhA ;g ,d l ai dZ QQw¡n o t hok.kquk'kd gSrFkk pkoy (Rice blast) QQw¡n fi fj dqysfj ; kvjkbt h ds i zfr mPp p;ukRed fØ;k dj rk gSAde i kni fo"kkDrrk ds dkj .k bl ds eksukscsat kbyvehukscsat hu l YQksusV ued dk i z; ksx fd; k t krkgSA bl i kni fo"kkDrrk dks CykfLVfl fMu ds ,dp;ukRed i zfrj ks/kh fujkfo"kd ds i z; ksx l s vkSjde fd;k t k l drk gSA pwgksa i j bl dh ,y-Mh-50

39.5 feyhxzke i zfr fdyksxzke gSA

orZeku l e; esa df"k {ks= esa l okZf/kd i z; ksxfd; s t kus okyk i zfrt Sfod dl qxkekbZfl u gS ft l dh[kkst mest kok us 1965 esa dh FkhA ;g vEyh;ekè;e esa 20 feyhxzke i zfr fdyksxzke dh nj l s

i h-vjkbt h ds fo: ) p;ukRed : i l s i z; qDrgksrk gSA bl ds vfrfjDr l se ds gSyksCykbV oL;wMkseksukl t hok.kq ds i zfr Hkh ; g i zHkkoh gSAbl dh ,y-Mh-50 40]000 feyhxzke i zfr fdyksxzkegSA

i kWyhv kWfDl u i zfr t Sfod , l - dkdksbZ,fl ; ksufl l i zt kfr l s 1965 esa l qt qdh vkfn }kjkt ki ku esa [kkst k x; kA bl dk i zHkko i kS/kksa ds vanjl ekfgr gksdj gksrk gSA bl dk i zHkkodkjh mi ; ksxl sc ,oa uk'ki krh ds LdSc pkoy ds ' khFkCykbV¼i syhdqysfj ; k l l kdh½] pkoy esa czkmu Li kV ¼,p-vjkbt h½ o vYVjusfj ; k czkfl dk }kjk mRi UuCySd Li kV ds fu;a=.k esa gksrk gSA

i kWyhbZueSØksykbM df"k esa i z; ksx gksus okyhfi ekjhfl u gSA bl dk i kuh esa ?kqyu'khy ued dki z; ksx gksrk gSA bl dk mi ; ksx QQw¡nuk'kd ds : iesa dan dh chekjh dks nwj djus esa xeZ i kuh dsmi pkj ds l kFk gksrk gSA fo'ks"k : i l s ; gMSQksfMy dh csl y j kWV t y chekjh dks Bhd dj rkgSA pwgksa i j bl dk ,y-Mh-50 l wpdkad 2-73 l s4.67 xzke i zfr fdyksxzke gSA

oSfyMkekbZfl u] Xywdkst okyh ewy ; kSfxd ,oal acaf/kr dksf' kdk] dh [kkst bokl k us 1971 esa dhFkhA vc rd 6 oSfyMkekbZfl u , ] ch] l h] Mh] bZ,oa ,Q dh [kkst dh t k pqdh gSA ;g cSfl Mksekbl fVlQQw¡n ds fy; s pqfuank gSA ;g eq[ ; : i l s pkoyesa 'khFk CykbV ,oa l fCt ; ksa esa MSfEi ax vkWQ dhjksdFkke esa i z; ksx fd; s t krs gSaA bl dk ,y-Mh-50

l wpdkad 20000 fefyxzke i zfr fdyksxzke l s vfèkdgksrk gSA

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doduk'kh i zfrt Sfod E;wfl Mhu dh [kkstE;wft ysd us 1969 esa dh FkhA ; s dod dh of)dks j ksdrk gS vkSj fo'ks"k : i kRed i fjorZu dj rkgS] i jUrq t hok.kqvksa i j bl dk dksbZ i zHkko ughagksrk gSA ;g E;wdj ,oa j kbt ksi l i zt kfr ds j s'ksokys dod dh j ksdFkke gsrq 200&500 ekbØksxzkei zfr feyhyhVj dh nj i j i z; qDr gksrk gSA

,cksekbfl u dks LVsªIVksekbl sl dh 325&17i zt kfr l s t ki ku esa i Fkd fd; k x; kA ;g l qbZ dhrjg l Qsn fØLVy cukrk gSA bl dh [kkst vkbt kokus 1969 esa dh FkhA ;g cgqr l s dodksa eq[; r%i h- vjkbt h o VªkbdksQkbVu i j 20 fe-yh-i zfrfdxzk- dh nj l s i zHkkoh gksrk gSA bt ksekbfl ui zfrt Sfod LDysjksfl fu; k o cSfVªfVl i zt kfr dsfo: ) i zHkkoh gksrk gSA bl dh [kkst LVSªIVksekbl slt hok.kq&l ewg o l s gqbZA t ki ku esa bl dk mi ; ksxjkt ek o ewax dh rus esa l M+u dks j ksdus esa gksrkgSA

i zwekbZfl u i zfrt Sfod LVªSIVksekbl sl ¼LVªsu ,Q&1028½ dk p; ki p; gSA ;g ,d Hkfo"; esa i z; qDrgksus okyk vPNk doduk'kh gS rFkk cSfVªfVl ]LDysjksfl fu; k o LQsjksfFkdk i zt kfr; ksa dh j ksdFkkeesa vf/kd i zHkkoh gSA ;g Lrui k;h t kuojksa ds i zfrfo"kkDr ugha gSA

dq'kkdk bR;kfn us 1979 esa Vh ,Q&138uked ,d u; s i zfrt Sfod dh [kkst dhA ;g

ddM+h] [khjk] xqykc] l sc] vaxwj ] t kS] rEckdw]gjh fepZ o ' kgrwr dh i j rksa i j 40&80 feyhxzkei zfr yhVj dh nj l s i z; qDr gksus i j [kj kZ QQw¡ndh 8 i h<+h rd fo"kkDr cuk jgrk gSA ;gfcuksfey l s fu"i zHkkoh LQsjksfFkdk LVªsu i j Hkhi zHkkoh gSA

fu"d"kZ

i zfrt Sfod dk Hkfo"; esa i z; ksx i ; kZoj .k dksgkfu i gq¡pk; s fcuk ,oa ekuo i j de fo"kkDrrk dsl kFk doduk'kh ds : i esa mTToy gSA bl dh cgqrgh de ek=k esa vko' ; drk i M+rh gS D;ksafd del kanzrk i j bl dk cgqr rhoz vl j gksrk gSA vkt,sl s dodukf'k; ksa dh vko' ; drk gS t ks chekjh dsi zHkkoh fu;a=.k ds l kFk&l kFk ekuo i j de&l s&defo"kkDr gksa vkSj bl dkj .k i zfrt Sfod l cl segRoi w.kZ gSa D;ksafd budh p; fur t hok.kq i jfuf'pr fo"kkDrrk gksrh gS fl QZ OykLVhl hMhu&, lds vfrfjDrA

orZeku vkfFkZd l adV ds nkSj esa ; g i zfrt Sfodcgqr gh ykHki zn gSa D;ksafd ,d gh i zdkj dsmi dj .kksa l s fofHkUu i zdkj ds i zfrt Sfod dkmRi knu fd; k t k l drk gSA T;knkrj l w{et hok.kqbl ds fo"ke j kl k; fud l japuk dks mRi Uu dj rsgSa] bl l s mPpre O; ; ; qDr l a'ys"k.k l s cpk t kl drk gSA

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VekVj ds ewY; of/kZr mRi knMh-ds- VaMu1 , oa Mh-ds- ' kqDy2

dsUnzh; mi ks".k ckxokuh l aLFkku] y[ kuÅ

VekVj dk Hkkj r esa O;kol kf; d Lrj i jxzh"e ,oa ' khr nksuksa gh _rqvksa esa mRi knu gksrk gSAo"kZ 2009&10 esa ns'k esa VekVj dk mRi knu12]433.4 gt kj Vu FkkA vka/kz i zns'k ns'k dkl okZfèkd VekVj mRi knd jkT; ¼1652-1 gt kjVu½ gS rFkk bl dh VekVj mRi knu esa fgLl snkjh13-29 i zfr ' kr gS ¼jk"Vªh; ckxokuh cksMZ] 2011½AVekVj mRi knu ds {ks= esa mRrj i zns'k dk Hkkj r esa15ok¡ LFkku gS rFkk Hkkxhnkjh 2-03 i zfr' kr ¼252.9gt kj Vu½ gSA 'khr _rq esa i Snk fd; s t kus okysVekVj vi us dqy Bksl i nkFkks± dh vfèkdrk dsdkj .k vPNh xq.koRrk okys gksrs gSaA i zR;sd 100xzke VekVj esa 92-94 i zfr ' kr t y dh ek=k] 3&5i zfr ' kr dkcksZgkbMªsV] 0.8&1-2 i zfr ' kr j s' kk]0.25&0-40 i zfr ' kr ol k ,oa 0-7&1-0 i zfr ' kri zksVhu i k; k t krk gS ft l l s 20&22 fdyks dSyksjhÅt kZ i zkIr gksrh gSA bl esa vU; l w{e rRo] foVkfeurFkk feujy Hkh i zpqj ek=k esa i k; s t krs gSa ft l esa140&230 fe-xzk- i ksVSf'k;e] 10&15 fe-xzk- l ksfM;e]20&28 fe-xzk- QkLQksjl ] 15&30 fe-xzk- foVkfeuch] 0.4&0.65 fe-xzk- fu; kfl u] 200&650 vkbZ-;w- foVkfeu , rFkk 0-3&0-4 fe-xzk- foVkfeu bZgksrk gSA ykbdksfi u uked dSjksfVuk;M ds dkj .kbl ds Qy dk jax yky gksrk gSA VekVj l s cus

mRi knksa dh xq.koRrk eki us dk ekud mudk ykyjax gh gSA

Hkkj r esa VekVj dk mi ; ksx eq[ ; r% l Ct hcukus ,oa l ykn ds : i esa gksrk gSA VekVj ds xwnsdks l aj f{kr dj bl l s I;wjh] i sLV] dspi ] pVuhl kWl bR;kfn dk mRi knu xg ,oa O;kol kf; d Lrji j fd; k t k l drk gSA bl ds vfrfjDr VekVj l svpkj ] eqjCck] dkdVsy ,oa Ø'k Hkh cuk; s t kl drs gSaA xq.koRrk;qDr mRi kn cukus gsrq dqN ckrksadk /; ku j [kuk vko' ; d gksrk gSA

VekVj dk mRi kn cukus ds fy; s l eku : il s i ds VekVjksa dk gh i z; ksx fd; k t kuk pkfg; sD;ksafd i hys ; k gjs VekVjksa ds i z; ksx l s u dsoymRi knksa dk yky jax de gks t krk gS vfi rqvkWDl hdj .k ds dkj .k HkaMkj .k esa buesa Hkwjki u Hkhvk t krk gSA bl ds vfrfjDr mRi kn dks vuko' ; dxeZ ugha djuk pkfg; s vkSj mUgsa 'kh?kz okrkoj .k dsrki eku i j ys vkuk pkfg; sA mRi knu dh fdl h HkhvoLFkk esa yksgs ,oa rk¡cs l s cus crZuksa dk bLrsekyugha djuk pkfg; s D;ksafd buds l ai dZ l s ykbdksi hudk l e: i vkWDl hdj .k gksrk gS rFkk og Hkwjs jaxesa i fjofrZr gks t krk gSA l kFk esa ekSt wn VekVj dsVSfuu ,oa mRi kndksa dks cukus esa i z; qDr fd; s t kus

1i z/kku oSKkfud ,oa 2rduhdh vf/kdkj h

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okys el kyksa ds yksgs ds l ai dZ esa vkus l s dkyki uvk t krk gSA vr% VekVj ds mRi kn cukus esaLVsuysl LVhy ds crZuksa dk gh bLrseky djukpkfg; sA

j l

j l ,d Lokfn"V] yky jax dk ,oa vPNhegd okyk mRi kn gksrk gS ,oa bl esa foVkfeu ,oa[kfut rRoksa dh ek=k rkt s VekVj ds yxHkxl eku gksrh gSA j l VekVj dk ,d vk/kkj mRi kngS ft l dks l aj f{kr dj Hkfo"; esa ml l svko' ; drkuql kj vU; mRi kn cuk; s t k l drs gSaAvf/kd mRi knu ds dkj .k ewY;ksa esa gzkl dh fLFkfresa bl s l aj f{kr djuk vfr ykHki zn jgrk gSA LoLFki ds VekVj ds j l esa xk<+k yky jax gksus dsl kFk&l kFk ml esa ekSfyd Lokn ,oa l qokl Hkh gksukvko' ; d gSA bl ds vfrfjDr bl esa Loknkuql kj0.4 i zfr ' kr vEy ¼fl fVªd vEy ds : i esa½]0.5&1.0 i zfr ' kr ued ,oa 1.0 i zfr ' kr ' kDdj dsl kFk&l kFk mRi kn esa dqN el kys Hkh feyk; s t kl drs gSA bl esa l ekurk ,oa i ks"kd rRoksa dhvfèkdrk Hkh gksuh pkfg; sA

l kexzh% j l &1 fd-xzk-] ' kDdj&10 xzk-] ued&5xzk-] l hfVªd vEy&1 xzk- ,oa l ksfM;e csat ks,V&250fe-xzk-A O; fDrxr #fp ,oa Loknkuql kj bl esa I; kt ]ygl qu el kys ; k vU; t M+h&cwfV;k¡ Hkh feyk;h t kl drh gSaA

fof/k% N¡VkbZ mi jkUr i ds VekVjksa dks vPNh rjg/kksdj mudks pkj Hkkxksa esa dkVdj l h/ks l kl i suesa Mkydj xeZ dj rs gSaA vU; VekVjksa dks bl esa

dkVdj Mkyrs jgrs gSaA bl ckr dk fo'ks"k /; kuj [krs gSa fd feJ.k yxkrkj mcyrk jgs rFkk l kFkgh bl s pykrs Hkh jguk pkfg; sA l kjs Qyksa dksMkyus ds ckn 5 feuV rd gYdh vk¡p i j pykrsgSa vkSj xeZ gksus i j NUuh l s Nkudj fNydk ,oacht vyx dj ysrs gSaA i zfr 100 fdyksxzkeVekVj l s yxHkx 70 fdyks j l i zkIr gksrk gSA xeZdj j l fudkyus dh fof/k fcuk xeZ fd; s j lfudkyus l s vPNh gksrh gS D;ksafd BaMh voLFkk esaj l fudkyus l s ek=k esa deh ds l kFk&l kFk jaxgYdk ,oa vkWDl hdj .k ds dkj .k foVkfeu l h dhek=k Hkh de gks t krh gS rFkk l w{e t Sfod fodkjvkus dh l aHkkouk;sa c<+ t krh gSA O;kol kf; d : il s j l ds fuekZ.k esa i Yi j ,oa fQfu'kj i z; ksx fd; st krs gSa ft l esa yxkrkj Qyksa dks dkVdj Mkyus l sj l fudyrk jgrk gS i jarq /kjsyw Lrj i j NUuhdk gh i z; ksx fd; k t krk gSA

dspi ,oa l kl

dspi vkSj l kl yxHkx ,d gh i zfØ;k l scuk; s t krs gSa ,oa buesa ewy varj buesa feyk; st kus okys vo;oksa esa gksrk gSA l kl dk mRi knu j ldks l kafnzr dj rs l e; bl esa ued] ' kDdj ] I; kt ]el kys] fl j dk ,oa l aj {kd feykus l s gksrs gSA bl esa12 i zfr ' kr VekVj ds Bksl i nkFkZ ,oa de&l s&de28 i zfr ' kr dqy Bksl i nkFkZ gksus pkfg; sA mRi knrS;kj gksus dh voLFkk esa bl s NUuh l s Nkudj j s' ksvyx dj fn; s t krs gSa ysfdu dspi esa l kl dsvo;oksa ds vfrfjDr vnjd] ygl qu] dkyh fepZ,oa ykSax dk Hkh i z; ksx fd; k t krk gSA dspi dkmRi knu djus ds fy; s cht ,oa fNyds j fgr j l

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esa ued] ' kDdj ] fl j dk ; k , fl fVd , fl M ,oael kys feykdj ,Q-i h-vks- ds ekudkuql kj l kafnzrfd; k t krk gSA ekudkuql kj bl esa 12 i zfr ' krVekVj ds Bksl rRo ,oa de&l s&de 25 i zfr ' krdqN vU; Bksl i nkFkZ gksuk vko' ; d gSA

l kexzh% j l @xwnk&1 fd-xzk-] ' kDdj&75 xzk-]ued&10 xzk-] dVk I; kt &50 xzk-] vnjd&10xzk-] ygl qu&5 xzk-] yky fepZ i koMj&5 xzk-] nkyphuh&10 xzk-] cM+h byk;ph 10 xzk-] l kSQ&10xzk-] t hjk&10 xzk-] dkyh fepZ&10 xzk-] ykSax&5xzk-] fl j dk&25 fe-yh- ; k 5 fe-yh- Xysf' k; y, fl fVd , fl M rFkk 0-25 xzk- l ksfM;e csat ks,VA

fof/k% dspi mRi knu ds fy; s mcyrs j l esafuèkkZfj r ' kDdj dh frgkbZ ek=k Mkyrs gSa ft l l sbl dk jax xk<+k yky ,oa fLFkj jgsA 'kDdj dhi wjh ek=k Mkyus l s mcyus esa vf/kd l e; yxusds dkj .k bl dh i kSf"Vdrk esa deh vkrh gS ,oabl dh xq.koRrk Hkh i zHkkfor gksrhA ued dk mRi knrS;kj gksus dh vafre voLFkk esa feyk; k t krk gSft l l s rS; kj dspi dk jax gYdk u i M+sA l kjs fi l sgq, fu/kkZfj r el kyksa dh i ksVyh cukdj mcyrsl e; Mky nsrs gSa vkSj l e; kUrjky esa ml s pEepl s nckrs jgrs gSa ft l l s el kyksa dk l r~ vPNhrjg fudy l dsA O;kol kf; d Lrj i j mRi kncukus gsrq fi l s el kyksa dh t xg ml dk l r~ ,oarsyksa dk i z; ksx fd; k t krk gS i jarq bl l s el kyksadh ekSfyd l qxa/k ugha vk i krh fdUrq mRi kn dkjax vPNk jgrk gSA dspi esa vkSl ru 10&26i zfr ' kr rd ' kDdj o 1-3&3-4 i zfr ' kr uedgksrk gSA xq.koRrk okys fl j ds ft l esa 5&5-5 i zfr 'kr

, fl fVd vEy gksrk gS dks mRi kn rS; kj gksus dhvafre voLFkk esa feykrs gS ft l l s ok"i u }kjkvEy dh gkfu ugha gksA fl j ds ds LFkku i j j axghu,fl fVd vEy dk i z; ksx Hkh fd; k t krk gSA j l dksxwns l s vyx gksus l s cpkus ,oa ml ds xk<+si u dkscuk; s j [kus gsrq 0-1&0-2 i zfr ' kr i SfDVu Hkhfeyk;h t krh gSA mRi kn dks xeZ voLFkk esa cksryksaesa Hkj rs gSa ft l l s foVkfeu dh {kfr de&l s&de gks,oa ml dk jax [kjkc ugha gksA Hkjus ds i woZ bl esa0-025 i zfr ' kr l ksfM;e csat ks,V feykus ,oa cksryksadk i k'phdr djus ,oa l Hkh i z; qDr l kexzh xq.koRrk;qDr gksus i j bl s cksry [kksyus ds i 'pkr 1 ekgrd i z; ksx fd; k t k l drk gSA

I; wj h ,oa i sLV

; g VekVj ds j l dks l kafnzr dj rS; kjfd; k t krk gSA VekVj I;wjh dk fuekZ.k fNydk ,oacht j fgr j l dks xk<+k dj fd; k t krk gSA e/; eJs.kh ds VekVj I;wjh esa de&l s&de 9 i zfr ' krVekVj ds Bksl i nkFkZ gksus vko' ; d gSaA bl s vkSjxk<+k dj t c 12 i zfr ' kr rd l kafnzr dj rs gSa rcVekVj I;wjh rS; kj gksrh gSA 25 i zfr ' kr Bksl i nkFkZokyh I;wjh VekVj i sLV ,oa 33 i zfr ' kr ; k bl l svf/kd Bksl i nkFkZ okyh I;wjh dks l kafnzr VekVji sLV dgk t krk gSA

fof/k% Åi j crk;h x;h fof/k ds vuql kj j lcukdj bl s [kqys crZu esa i dkrs gS i jarq bl l sT; knkrj foVkfeu dh {kfr gks t krh gS ,oa mRi kndk jax Hkwjk gks t krk gSA bl i zfØ;k l s dsoy 15i zfr ' kr rd Bksl i nkFkZ dh I;wjh rS; kj dh t k

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l drh gSA bl rjg xk<+k dj rs l e; bl esa FkksM+k[kk| rsy ; k eD[ku feykus l s mRi kn ryh esafpi drk ugha gS vkSj l kFk gh T; knk >kx Hkh ughacurk gSA xq.koRrk ; qDr ,oa l kafnzr I;wjh cukus gsrqfuokZr d<+kgh dk i z; ksx fd; k t krk gSA bl esafoVkfeu dh ek=k vf/kd gksus ds l kFk gh mRi kndk jax Hkh vPNk jgrk gSA bl fof/k esa j l dks700 l s-xzs- rki eku i j fuokZr ds l kFk mckydjxk<+k fd; k t krk gSA mRi kn rS; kj gksus dh vkf[kjhvoLFkk esa bl esa FkksM+k ued Hkh feyk nsrs gSaA I;wjhdk l kanzrkuql kj Js.khdj.k djus ds fy; s fjÝsDVksehVjdk i z; ksx fd; k t krk gS ft l l s bl ds ?kqyu'khyrRoksa dh ek=k Kkr gks t krh gSA

dkdVsy

VekVj dkdVsy vf/kdka'k 'kgjksa ds mPpLrjh;j sLVksjsaV ,oa gksVyksa esa i zpfyr gks jgk gSA i zR;sd{ks=kuql kj bl ds cukus dh fof/k esa varj gksus dsckn Hkh VekVj dk j l ] ued] fl j dk ,oa uhcwbl ds eq[; vo;o gksrs gSaA

l kexzh% j l &1 fd-xzk-] ued&8 xzk-] ' kDdj&20xzk-] ykSax i koMj&0-4 xzk- /kfu; k fi l k] cM+hbyk;ph] t hjk fi l k] nky phuh ,oa dkyh fepZ&0.3xzk- i zR;sd] uhacw dk j l &10 fe-yh- ,oa fl j dk¼10 i zfr ' kr , fl fVd vEy½&50 fe-yh-A

fof/k% j l dks ,d can <Ddu ds crZu esa ysdjml esa l kjs el kyksa dh i ksVyh Mkydj 20 feuVrd /kheh vk¡p esa i dkrs gSaA bl ds i 'pkr bl esaNuk uhcw dk j l ] fl j dk ,oa ued feykrs gS rFkk820 l s-xzs- rki eku rd xeZ dj rs gSaA vc bl s

xeZ voLFkk esa cksryksa esa Hkjdj <Ddu yxk nsrsgSaA cksryksa dks mcyrs i kuh esa 30 feuV rdfut ZehZdr dj BaMk dj HkaMkfj r dj rs gSaA

pVuh

; g mRi kn yxHkx l c ?kjksa esa cuk; k t krkgSA vPNh xq.koRrk;qDr pVuh i kpd ,oa Hkw[ko/kZdgksrk gSA ,Q-i h-vks- ds ekudkuql kj pVuh esa 40i zfr ' kr VekVj dh ek=k ,oa de&l s&de 50i zfr ' kr dqy ?kqyu'khy Bksl i nkFkZ gksus pkfg; sA

l kexzh% VekVj 1 fd-xzk-] I; kt 200 xzk-] vnjd10 xzk-] ygl qu 5 xzk-] fi l h yky fepZ 8 xzk-]phuh 600 xzk-] ued 30 xzk-] nky phuh] dkyhfepZ] cM+h byk;ph] t hjk i zR;sd 10 xzk-] Xysf' k; y, fl fVd vEy 5 fe-yh- rFkk l ksfM;e csat ks,V 0.5xzk-A

fof/k % i w.kZ : i l s i fj i Do] N¡Vs gq, VekVjksa dks/kksdj 2 feuV rd xeZ dj rs gSa ¼Cykafpax½A vcbudk rst /kkj ds pkdw l s fNydk fudkydjvPNh rjg l s i hl nsrs gSaA ued ,oa fl j ds dsvfr fjDr l Hkh l kexzh feykdj bl s fu/kkZfj rxk<+ki u vkus rd i dkrs gSaA vc bl esa ued ,oafl jdk feykdj 5 feuV rd i dkrs gSaA i fj j {kddks FkksM+s i kuh esa ?kksydj pVuh esa feykdj xeZvoLFkk esa cksryksa esa Hkjdj HkaMkfj r dj rs gSA

l wi

; g ,d i kSf"Vd] i kpd ,oa LokLF;oèkZd i s;gSA bl esa foVkfeu ,oa [kfut rRoksa dh i zpqj rkgksrh gSA bl ds vfrfjDr l wi esa Hkw[koèkZd xq.k Hkh

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gksrs gSA ,Q-i h-vks- ds ekudksa ds vuql kj l wi esadqy ?kqyu'khy Bksl i nkFkks± dh ek=k de&l s&de 7i zfr ' kr gksuk vko' ; d gSA

l kexzh% VekVj dk xwnk&1 fd-xzk-] ued&20 xzk-]' kDdj 20 xzk-] eD[ku&20 xzk-] vkVk@eSnk&10xzk-] dVk I; kt &20 xzk-] ygl uq&5 xzk-] ykSax&5xzk- rFkk fi l k gqvk t hjk] nky phuh] cM+h byk;ph,oa dkyh fepZ&1 xzk- i zR;sd rFkk 350 fe-yh-i kuhA

fof/k% Nus gq; s VekVj ds j l @xwns esa l Hkh fi l sel kyksa dks i ksVyh Mkydj mckyrs gq, l kafnzrdj rs gSaA bl ds ckn vkVk@eSnk ,oa eD[ku dkxk<+k ?kksy rS; kj dj ml esa xk<+k j l feyk nsrs gSaArRi 'pkr bl feJ.k dks 2 feuV rd fu/kkZfj rxk<+ki u ykus gsrq i dkrs gSa rFkk i ksVyh dks nckdjfudky ysrs gSaA l wi dks l kns dSu esa Hkjdj 1150

l s-xzs- rki eku i j 40&45 feuV rd fut ZehZdrdj rs gSa rFkk dejs ds l kekU; rkieku i j HkaMkfjrdj rs gSaA

vpkj

ued ,oa fl j ds esa Qy ,oa l fCt ; ksa dsl aj {k.k dks vpkj dgk t krk gSA ;g Qy ,oal fCt ; ksa ds i fj j {k.k dk i zkphure Kkr rjhdk gSAvpkj Hkw[ko/kZd gksus ds l kFk&l kFk [kkus dks Lokfn"VHkh cukrk gSA

l kexzh% VekVj&1 fd-xzk-] yky fephZ&5 xzk-]ued&75 xzk-] t hjk&10 xzk-] gYnh&5 xzk-] ghax&15xzk-] j kbZ&100 xzk-] ygl qu&30 xzk-] vnjd&100xzk-] gjh fepZ&50 xzk-] fl j dk&500 fe-yh- ,oa

l j l ksa dk rsy&250 fe-yh-A

fof/k% i fj i Do ,oa dMs+ VekVj ds pkj l s N%VqdM+s dkV ysrs gSaA fl j ds dks NksM+dj l Hkh el kyksadh rsy esa Hkwu dj VqdM+ksa esa vPNh rjg feyk nsrsgSA bl esa fi l s el kys feykdj vPNh rjg pykusds ckn BaMk dj fl j dk feykrs gSa vkSj t kj esaHkaMkfj r dj ysrs gSaA

eqj Cck

Qyksa ; k Qyksa ds VqdM+ksa dks ' kDdj xk<+s ds?kksy esa ok"i u }kjk l kafnzr djus dh i zfØ;k l srS; kj mRi kn eqjCck dgykrk gSA rS;kj mRi kn esadqy ?kqyu'khy Bksl i nkFkks± dh ek=k 68 ; k ml l svf/kd gksuh pkfg; sA bl l s bl s dkQh yEcs l e;rd l aj f{kr fd; k t k l drk gSA vPNs Lokn dsvfrfjDr mRi kn esa i ks"kdrk Hkh i zpqj rk esa gksrhgSA

fof/k% i w.kZ i fj i Do i jUrq dM+s Qyksa dks 15 l s 30l sds.M gsrq LdsfYMax dj rs gSa ,oa bl dk fNydkrst /kkj dh pkdw l s gVk nsrs gSaA rS;kj Qyksa dks55 i zfr ' kr ' kDdj ds xk<+s ?kksy esa 1 fnu ds fy; sMqcksdj j [krs gSA vxys fnu ' kdZjk ds ?kksy dksmckydj 2@3 Hkkx rd xk<+k dj rs gSa rFkk i qu%Qyksa dks Mkydj 1 fnu ds fy; s j [k nsrs gSaAi zfØ;k fu/kkZfj r xk<+ki u vkus rd nksgjkrs gSaAmRi kn rS; kj gksus i j t kj esa ?kksy ds l kFk HkaMkfj rdj rs gSaA

fMCckcanh

fMCckcanh Qy ,oa l fCt ; ksa ds can fMCcs esa

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xeZ dj mudks l aj f{kr djus dh ,d i zfØ;k gSAbl l s mRi knksa dks 1 o"kZ dh vof/k rd l aj f{krfd; k t k l drk gS vkSj muds vuqi yC/krk dsl e; rkt s Qy ; k l Ct h dh rjg bLrseky fd; kt k l drk gSA

fof/k% e/; e vkdkj ds] l eku : i l s yky jaxds] xwnsnkj ,oa i ds VekVjksa dks 2&3 feuV rdmcyrs i kuh esa Mkyrs gSaA vc bl s t kj esa Hkjdjml esa VekVj dk j l ; k I;wjh Hkjdj dSu can djnsrs gSA vc bl s 45&60 feuV rd mcyrs i kuhesa Mky dj BaMk gksus ds i 'pkr HkaMkfj r dj rs gSaA

l kafnzr i w.kZ VekVj ¼Ø' k½

; g VekVj dk ,d vyx mRi kn gS ft l esai wjs VekVj dk i z; ksx fd; k t krk gSA I;wjh ; k i sLVesa fNydk ,oa cht ugha gksus ds dkj .k ; g ml l svyx mRi kn gSA bl dks [kkus esa i z; ksx djus l s i wjs

VekVj dk vkuan ,oa Lokn i zkIr gksrk gSA ;g [kkukcukus esa bLrseky djus] l wi ; k pVuh cukus esami ; ksx gsrq ,d e/; dk mRi kn gSA

l kexzh% fNyds ,oa cht l fgr xwnk&1 fd-xzk-], fl fVd vEy 1-5 fe-yh-] l ksfM;e csat ks,V&70 fe-xzk- rFkk i ksVSf'k; e esVkckbl YQkbV&140fe-xzk-A

fof/k% i w.kZ i fj i Do] yky ,oa chekjh j fgr N¡VkbZfd; s gq; s VekVj ds 4&6 VqdM+s dj mckydj i hlysrs gSaA bl s e/; e vk¡p esa bl ds vk; ru ds ,dfrgkbZ gksus rd i dkrs gSaA vc bl esa i zfr fdyksrS;kj i sLV ds vuql kj 5 fe-yh- , fl fVd vEyfeykdj 5 l s 8 feuV rd mckyrs gSaA 0.4 xzk-i ksVSf'k; e esVkckbl YQkbV rFkk 0-2 xzk- l ksfM;ecsat ks,V i zfr fdyks i sLV dh nj l s FkksM+s i kuh esa?kksydj bl esa vPNs l s feykdj l w[ks t kj esa Hkjnsrs gSaA t kj esa <Ddu yxkdj HkaMkfj r dj rs gSaA

gks x; h gS i hj i oZr &l h fi ?kyuh pkfg, ]bl fgeky; l s dkbZ xaxk fudyuh pkfg,Avkt ; g nhokj ] i j nksa dh rj g fgyus yxh]{krs ysfdu Fkh fd ; s cqfu; kn fgyuh pkfg,Agj l M+d i j ] gj xyh esa] gj uxj ] gj xk¡o esa]gkFk ygj kr s gq, gj yk' k fgyuh pkfg, Afl QZ gaxkek [ kM+k dj uk esj k edl n ugha]l kj h dksf' k' k gS fd l w[ k cnyuh pkfg, Aesj s l hus esa ugha r ks r sj s l hus esa l ghgks dgha Hkh vkt ] ysfdu vkx t yuh pkfg,A

&nq";Ur dqekj

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Qy rFkk l fCt ; k¡ foVkfeu ,oa [kfut i nkFkks±ds mRre l zksr gSaA foxr dqN o"kks± esa fdf.or QyrFkk l fCt ; ksa dk i zksckW; fVd ds : i esa mi ; ksfxrkdh dkQh pfpZr gqbZ gSA xkt j ] pqdUnj ] f' keykfepZ] [khjk bR;kfn dks fdf.or dj bUgsa i zksckW; fVd;qDr cuk; k t k l drk gSaA

i zksckW; fVd ,sl s t hfor l w{e t ho gSa ft udkmfpr ek=k esa l sou djus l s gekjs LokLF; i jèkukRed i zHkko i M+rk gSA ; s gekjs ' kjhj ] fo'ks"kdji kpu ra= dks fo'ks"k i zdkj l s ykHkkfUor dj rs gSaAi zksckW; fVd gekjh NksVh rFkk cM+h vk¡r esa mi fLFkrykHkdkjh l w{et hoksa dh l a[ ; k mfpr Lrj i jcuk; s j [kus esa l g; ksx i znku dj fofHkUu i zdkj dsjksxk.kqvksa dks u"V djus esa l gk;d gksrs gSaA vusdi zdkj ds t hok.kq] dod rFkk ; hLV i zksckW; fVd dkdk;Z dj rs gSaA buesa t hok.kqvksa dk egRo vfèkdgSA ySDVkscSfl yl rFkk ckbZfQMkscSDVhfj ; e ukedt hok.kqvksa dh vusd t kfr; k¡ i zksckW; fVd ds : i esdkQh i zpfyr gSaA bl h i zdkj l Sdj ksekbl sl ]LVªsIVksdksdl vkfn dk Hkh i zksckW; fVd ds : i esami ; ksx fd; k t krk gSA Li ksjksySd] oh&l SDV vkfnvusd i zdkj ds i zksckW; fVd rks ckt kj esa dSIl wy ds: i esa Hkh mi yC/k gSaA

i zksckW; fVd fo'ks"k : i l s ySDVkscSl hyl ] i sfpl ]

can xksHkh dk fdf.or vpkjuhfyek xxZ1 , oa l at ; dqekj 2

dsUnzh; mi ks".k ckxokuh l aLFkku] y[ kuÅ

nLr rFkk vU; vk¡r l EcU/kh j ksxksa esa dkQhykHki zn gksrk gSA ; s vk¡rksa ds l aØe.k dks j ksdrs gSarFkk xSLVªksbaVsjkbfVl dks nwj djus es l gk; rki znku dj rs gSaA i zksckW; fVd VkWfDl u rFkk dkl hZukst sfudi nkFkks± dks ?kVkdj dSal j dh l aHkkoukvksa dks dedj rs gSaA ; s vusd i zdkj ds foVkfeu] fo'ks"kdjfoVkfeu ch dk l a'ys"k.k dj ' kjhj dks LokLF;ykHk nsrs gSaA i zksckW; fVd dksysLVªky dh ek=k l hferdjus fofHkUu i zdkj dh [kk| ,yt hZ l s j {kk djusrFkk ' kjhj dh i zfrj ks/kd {kerk ds fodkl esa dkQhmi ; ksxh gksrs gSaA

can xksHkh i kSf"Vdrk l s i fj i w.kZ l Ct h gS]ft l esa mPp ek=k esa j s'ks] [kfut rFkk foVkfeumi yC/k gksrs gSaA [kk| j s' kksa dh i zpqj rk ds dkj .kbl dk l sou i kpu l aca/kh fodkjksa esa dkQh ykHki zngSA bl ds vfrfjDr bl l Ct h esa dSal j j ks/kh rRoHkh i k; s t krs gSaA Hkkj rh; i fj os'k esa can xksHkh dkmi ; ksx l kekU; r% l Ct h cukus vFkok l ykn ds: i esa gksrk gSA i f'peh ns'kksa esa can xksHkh dsvpkj dk dkQh i zpyu gS t ks fd.ou fofèk }kjkfufeZr fd; k t krk gSA bl mRi kn dk egRo bl fy,vkSj Hkh c<+ t krk gS D;ksafd bl esa [kfut i nkFkks± dsl kFk&l kFk 'kjhj dks LokLF;o/kZd t hok.kq Hkh mfprek=k esa mi yC/k gks t krs gSaA can xksHkh dh l rg i j

1i z/kku oSKkfud ,oa 2rduhdh vf/kdkj h

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ySDVkscSl hyl uked t hok.kq i k; s t krs gSa t ks mfprek/; e esa ySfDVd vEy dk fuekZ.k dj rs gSaA bli zdkj mRi kn esa mfpr [kVkl i Snk gksrh gS rFkkbl dk mi ; ksx Lokfn"V vpkj ds : i esa fd; kt krk gSA

fdf.or vpkj cukus gsrq l cl s i gys i w.kZi fj i Do can xksHkh dks l kQ i kuh l s èkksdj ckgjhgjs rFkk {kfrxzLr i Rrksa dks gVk nsrs gSaA MaBy dkspkdw }kjk dkVdj vyx dj nsrs gSa rFkk i Rrksa dksyxHkx 0-2 l s-eh- pkSM+kbZ okyh drjuksa esa dkVysrs gSaA vc bu i j 25 xzke fi l k ued i zfrfdyksxzke drjuksa ds fgl kc l s fNM+ddj vPNhi zdkj l s feykrs gSa rFkk dk¡p ds LoPN t kj esanck&nckdj Hkj nsrs gSaA vc IykfLVd dh ,d

cM+h 'khV dks t kj ds eq[k i j QSykdj gkFk l sncko Mkyrs gq, bl i zdkj vanj ?kql krs gSa fd t kjdh xnZu esa 'khV dh ,d dVksjhuqek jpuk cut krh gS ft l dh fupyh l rg drjuksa dks i wjh rjg<d ysrs gSA vc dVksjhuqek IykfLVd dh 'khV esai kuh bl i zdkj Hkj rs gSa fd bruk ncko i Snk gkst k; s fd drjus ued ds ?kksy esa i wjh rjg MwCkhjgsaA t kj dks 15&20 fnu ds fy, NksM+ nsrs gSaAbl nkSjku fdf.ou }kjk mfpr ek=k esa ySfDVdvEy dk fuekZ.k gksrk gS ft l l s vpkj esa [kVklc<+rh gSA bl i zdkj Lokfn"V vpkj dk fuekZ.kgksrk gSA fufeZr vpkj dk j sÝht jsVj ds fcuk rhuekg rd l qj f{kr j [kdj mi ; ksx fd; k t k l drkgSA

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df"k okfudh i ) fr; k¡ ,oa ykHkx.ks' k ' kqDyk1] di kYk fl ag2] ct jax fl ag3 , oa vfuy dqekj fl ag4

Hkkj rh; l wpuk i zkS| ksfxdh l aLFkku] l h-, l -, e-uxj

1oSKkfud] Hkk-l w-i zkS-l a- 2, l -vkj -,Q-] j k-o-v-l a- 3l sokfuor oSKkfud] j k-o-v-l a- ,oa 4rd- vf/k-] ds-m-ck-l a-

nss'k dh t ul a[ ; k ft l xfr l s Ck<+ jgh gSml ds QyLo: i df"k ; ksX; Hkwfe dk {ks=Qy degksrk t k jgk gSA bl dk l h/kk i zHkko ouksa i j i M+jgk gSA enk dh mi t kÅ 'kfDr de gksus dsl kFk&l kFk ok;qeaMyh; rki eku Hkh i zHkkfor gks jgkgSA o"kkZ dh ek=k ,oa o"kkZ ds fnu Hkh de gksrs t kjgs gSaA b±/ku dh deh vkSj ydM+h dk ewY; vfèkdgksus ds dkj .k i zfro"kZ djksM+ksa ehfVªd Vu xkscj dksmi yksa ds : Ik esa t yk fn; k t krk gSA ; fn bl xkscjdk [kkn ds : Ik esa mi ; ksx fd; k t k, ] rks feêh esami ; ksxh t hok.kqvksa dh of) gks t k,xhA Hkkj r esadqy 19 i zfr ' kr Hkkx esa ou gSa t cfd bl l acaèkesa gekjk y{; 33 i zfr ' kr gSA ns'k esa ouksa dkfoLrkj furkar vko' ; d gSA vkt dh c<+rh gqbZekuo ,oa i ' kq t ul a[ ; k dks [kk| kUu] Qy] nw/k]l Ct h] b±/ku] bekj rh ydM+h] pkjk bR;kfn dhvki wfrZ ds fy; s ?kksj l adV dk l keuk djuk i M+jgk gSA ,sl h i fj fLFkfr esa df"k okfudh gh mDrl eL; k dk l ek/kku djus esa l gk;d gSA

df"k okfudh D; k gS\

df"k okfudh enk i zca/ku dh ,d ,sl h i ) frgS ft l ds varxZr ,d gh Hkw[kaM i j df"k Ql ysa ,oacgqn~ns'kh; o{kksa@>kfM+;ksa ds mRi knu ds l kFk&l kFk

i ' kqi kyu O;ol k; dks yxkrkj ; k Øec) fof/k l sl aj f{kr fd; k t krk gSA bl l s Hkwfe dh mi t kÅ'kfDr esa Hkh of) dh t k l drh gSA

df"k okfudh t : j h D; ksa \

df"k b±/ku] bekj rh ydM+h dh vki wfrZ djuk,oa [kk| kUu of) dks l qfuf'pr djuk]

Hkwwfe esa l q/kkj ,oa enk {kj .k i j fu;a=.k]

Qyksa ,oa l fCt ; ksa dk mRi knu c<+kuk]

Tkyok;q] i kfj fLFkfrdh ,oa Ik; kZoj .k l qj {kki znku djuk]

t ykÅ ydM+h dh vki wfrZ djuk]

dqVhj m| ksxksa gsrq vf/kd l k/ku ,oa j kst xkjmi yC/k djkukA

df"k okfudh Ik) fr; k¡

df"k okfudh esa vusd i ) fr; k¡ i zpfyr gSa]ft udk mYys[k uhps fd; k x; k gSA

df"k&m| kfudh i ) fr% vkfFkZd ,oa i ; kZoj .k dhnf"V l s ; g l cl s egRpi w.kZ ,oa ykHkdkjh i ) frgSA bl i ) fr ds varxZr ' kq"d Hkwfe esa vukj ]

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ve: n] csj ] fdUuks] dkxt h uhcw] ekSl eh] ' kjhQk6&6 ehVj dh nwjh vkSj vke] vk¡oyk t kequ] csydks 8&10 ehVj dh nwjh i j yxkdj muds chpesa cSaxu] VekVj ] fHkaMh] QwyxksHkh] rksjbZ] ykSdh]l hrkQy] djsyk vkfn l fCt ; k¡ vkSj /kfu; k] fepZ]vnjd] gYnh] t hjk] l kSaQ] vt okbu vkfn el kyksadh Ql ysa l qxerk l s yh t k l drh gaSA bl l sd"kdksa dh vkfFkZd fLFkfr esa l q/kkj gksxkA l kFk ghQy o{kksa dh dkV&Nk¡V l s t ykÅ ydM+h vkSji fRr; ksa }kjk pkjk Hkh mi yC/k gks t krk gSA

df"k&ou i ) fr% bl i ) fr esa cgqn~ns'kh; o{k t Sl s'kh'ke] l kxkSu] uhe] ns'kh ccwy] ;wdsfyIVl dsl kFk&l kFk fjDr LFkku esa [kjhQ esa l adj Tokj ]l adj ckt j k] vjgj ] ew¡x] mjn] yksfc; k vkSjj ch esa xsgw¡] puk] l j l ksa] vyl h dh [ksrh dh t kl drh gSA bl i ) fr ds vi ukus l s bekj rhydM+h] t ykÅ ydM+h] [kk| kUu] nkysa ,oa fryguksadh i zkfIr gksrh gSA Hkwfe dh enk ' kfDr esa of) gksrhgSA Ik'kqvksa dks pkjk Hkh mi yC/k gksrk gSA

m| ku&pkjk i ) fr% ; g i ) fr mu LFkkuksa ds fy; svR;Ur mi ; ksxh gS t gk¡ fl apkbZ ds l k/ku mi yCèku gkssa vkSj Jfedksa dh l eL; k Hkh gksA bl i ) fresa Hkwfe esa dBksj i zofÙk ds o{k t Sl s csj ] csy]ve: n] t kequ] ' kjhQk] vk¡oyk bR;kfn mxkdjo{kksa ds chp esa ?kkl sa t Sl s vat u] gkFkh ?kkl ] ekCkZyds l kFk&l kFk nyguh pkjs t Sl s LVkbyks] DykbVksfj ; kbR;kfn yxkrs gSaA bl i ) fr l s Qy ,oa ?kkl Hkhi zkIr gksrh gS vkSj l kFk gh Hkwfe dh moZjk'kfDr esaof) gksrh gSA bl ds vfrfjDr Hkwfe ,oa t yl aj {k.k Hkh gksrk gSA Hkwfe esa dkcZfud i nkFkks± dh

of) Hkh gksrh gSA

ou&pkjkxkg i ) fr% bl i ) fr esa cgqn~ns'kh; o{kt Sl s vxLrh] [kt M+h] fl j l ] v: ] uhe] cdkbubR;kfn dh i afDr; ksa ds chp esa ?kkl t Sl s vat u]gkFkh ?kkl ] ekcZy vkSj nyguh pkjk Ql ysa t Sl sLVkbyks vkSj DykbVksfj ; k dks mxkrs gSaA bl i ) fresa i Fkjhyh@cat j ,oa vuqi ; ksxh Hkwfe l s b±èku]pkjk] bekj rh ydM+h i zkIr gksrh gSA bl i ) fr dsvU; ykHk gSa Hkwfe dh moZjk'kfDr dh of) ] Hkwfe,oa t y l aj {k.k] cat j Hkwfe dk l q/kkj ] xfeZ;ksa esai ' kqvksa dk gjk pkjk mi yC/k gksrk gS ft l l s nqX/kmRi knu esa of) gksrh gSA

df"k&ou&pkjkxkg i ) fr% ; g i ) fr Hkh cat jHkwfe ds fy; s mi ; qDr gSA buesa cgqn~ns'kh; o{k t Sl sfl j l ] j kedkVh] dst w, jhuk] cdkbu] ' kh'ke] ns'khccwy bR;kfn ds l kFk esa [kjhQ esa fry] ew¡xQyh]Tokj ] ckt j k] ewax] mjn] yksfc; k vkSj chp&chpesa l wcwy dh >kfM+;k¡ yxk nsrs gSa ft ul s pkjk i zkIrgksrk gS vkSj t c cgqn~ns'kh; o{k cM+s gks t krs gSa]rks Ql yksa ds LFkku i j o{kksa ds chp esa ?kkl ,oanyguh pkjs okyh Ql yksa dk feJ.k yxkrs gSaA bli zdkj bl i ) fr l s pkjk] b±èku] bekj rh ydM+h,oa [kk| kUu dh i zkfIr gksrh gS vkSj cat j Hkwfe Hkhdf"k ; ksX; gks t krh gSA

esM+ksa i j o{kkjksi .k% bl i ) fr esa [ksrksa ds pkjksavksj fufeZr esaM+ksa i j djkSank] Qkyl k] t kequ] uhe]l gt u] j kedkVh] dj?kbZ bR;kfn o{k yxk fn; st krs gSa ft ul s vfrfjDr mi t i zkIr dh t k l drhgSA l kFk gh pkjk] b±èku] bekj rh ydM+h Hkh i zkIrgksrh gSA Hkwfe l aj {k.k Hkh gksrk gSA

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df"k okfudh ds ykHk

df"k okfudh ds }kjk Hkwfe dVko dh j ksdFkkedh t k l drh gS vkSj Hkw ,oa t y l aj {k.k djenk dh moZjk'kfDr esa of) dj l drs gSaA

df"k ,oa i ' kqi kyu vk/kkfj r dqVhj ,oa e?;em| ksxksa dks c<+kok feyrk gSA

df"k okfudh l s enk&rki eku] fo'ks"kdj xzh"e_rq esa c<+us l s j ksdk t k l drk gS ft l l senk ds vanj i k; s t kus okys l w{e t hok.kqvksadks u"V gksus l s cpk; k t k l drk gS t ksgekjh Ql yksa ds mRi knu c<+kus esa l gk;dgksrs gSaA

csdkj i M+h cat j ] Ål j ] chgM+ bR;kfn

vuqi ; ksxh Hkwfe i j ?kkl ] cgqn~ns'kh; o{kyxkdj mUgsa mi ; ksx esa yk; k t k l drk gSvkSj mudk l q/kkj fd; k t k l drk gSA

df"k okfudh ds varxZr o{k gekjh ,sl hèkjksgj gSa t ks fdl h u fdl h : Ik esa l nSogekjs vkfFkZd ykHk dk l k/ku cus jgrs gSaA

xzkeh.k t urk dh vk; ] jgu&l gu vkSj[kku&i ku esa l q/kkj gksrk gSA

df"k okfudh l e; dh ek¡x gSA vr% d"kdksads fy; s bl s vi ukuk furkar vko' ; d gSA cat j ]Ål j ,oa chgM+ Hkwfe esa df"k okfudh vi ukus l smudk l nqi ; ksx gksxk l kFk gh [kk| kUu] t y]l fCt ; k¡] pkjk] [kkn] xksan vkfn oLrq,¡ mi yC/kgksaxh vkSj Ik; kZoj .k esa fuf'pr : Ik l s l q/kkj gksxkA

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Hkkj r fofo/krkvksa dk ns'k gSA ;gk¡ dh vusdi zdkj dh t yok;q ¼'kq"d] ' khrks".k] mi ks".k ,oaÅ".k dfVcU/kh;½ esa fofHkUu i zdkj ds Qyksa dkmRi knu fd; k t krk gSA QyksRi knu dh nf"V l sHkkj r dk fo'o esa nwl jk LFkku gSA i ks"k.k l qj {kk dhnf"V l s Qy ekuo t hou ds fy, vR; f/kdmi ; ksxh gSaA Qyksa esa i kSf"Vd rRo] [kfut ,oafoVkfeu i zeq[krk l s gksus ds dkj .k mudk cgqvk;kehegRo gSA vr% Qy gekjh i ks"k.k vko' ; drkvksadks i w.kZ djus ds l kFk&l kFk fdl kuksa dh vkfFkZdfLFkfr dks l q/kkjus esa Hkh l gk;d gksrs gaSA

dsyk ¼ewl k i kj kfnfl vkdk yhfu; l ½ nqfu; kds l cl s i qjkus ,oa yksdfi z; Qyksa esa l s ,d gSAdsyk dk vusd egRoi w.kZ l kekft d&vkfFkZd egRo,oa fofo/k : i esa i z; ksx gksus ds dkj .k bl s dYir: dh l aKk nh x;h gSA Hkkj r esa i Snk fd; s t kusokys Qyksa esa {ks=Qy dh nf"V l s dsyk dk f} rh;LFkku gSA dsyk ds mRi knu dh nf"V l s Hkkj r dkfo'o esa i zFke LFkku gSA czkt hy] baMksusf'k; k] phu esaHkh dsys dk mRi knu cgqrk; r esa fd; k t krk gSAi kfdLrku] oekZ ,oa vusd vU; ns'kksa esa Hkh dsykdh dqNsd fdLeksa dks vkukZesUV ; k Qykoj IykUVds : Ik esa i Snk fd; k t krk gSA Hkkj rh; l aLdfr ,oai jEi j k esa dsyk l ef) dk i zrhd gSA Hkkj r esa

dsyk dk cgqvk; keh egRoMh-ds- VaMu1 , oa j s[ kk pkSj fl ; k2

dsUnzh; mi ks".k ckxokuh l aLFkku] y[ kuÅ

dsyk dh [ksrh eq[ ; r% rfeyukMq] egkjk"Vª] xqt j kr]vka/kz i zns'k] dukZVd] e/; i zns'k] dsjy] vl e]fcgkj ] f' ki qjk vkSj es?kky; esa dh t krh gSA fdUrqfoxr o"kks± esa mRrj i zns'k esa Hkh dsyk dk mRi knuO;kol kf; d Lrj i j fd; k t kus yxk gSA Lokfn"V,oa vusd xq.kksa l s l Ei Uu gksus ds dkj .k dsyk dkvkfndky l s gh egRoi w.kZ LFkku jgk gSA i zkphudkyesa dsyk dks eq[; vkgkj ekuk t krk FkkA orZekul e; esa Hkh Qyksa esa dsyk dk dksbZ fodYi ugha gSAdsyk dks ; fn nw/k ds l kFk [kk; k t k; s rks l arqfyrvkgkj i zkIr gks t krk gSA cgqrk; r l s feyus dsdkj .k yksx bl ds xq.kksa l s vufHkK gSa t cfdokLrfodrk ; g gS fd dsyk vU; Qyksa dh vi s{kkvf/kd i kSf"Vd gSA bl ds Qy l Lrs] Lokfn"V ,oai kSf"Vdrk l s Hkj i wj gksus ds l kFk&l kFk i zR;sdekSl e esa mi yC/k jgrs gSaA dsyk esa foVkfeu Mh dksNksM+dj l Hkh i zdkj ds i kSf"Vd rRo ¼l kj .kh 1½i k; s t krs gSA vi us bUgha xq.kksa ds dkj .k dsykxq.kdkjh] ykHkdkjh ,oa l cl s mi ;ksxh Qy dgykrkgSA Hkkj r esa dsyk dk mi ; ksx l Ct h ,oa Qy nksuksai zdkj l s fd; k t krk gSA vusd xq.kksa l s ; qDr dsykds i wjs i kS/ks dk fdl h&u&fdl h : Ik esa vi uk egRogSA

1i z/kku oSKkfud ,oa 2rduhdh vf/kdkj h

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i Rrksa dk egRo

' kqHk vol j ksa ,oa i wt k LFkyksa i j dsyk dsi Rrksa dk i z; ksx fd; k t krk gSA

dsyk ds i Rrksa dk mi ; ksx Fkkyh ds : i esa][kkuk j [kus rFkk dq'kfuax ,oa i Sdsft ax l kexzhds : Ik esa fd; k t krk gSA

ySfVu vesfjdk esa dsyk ds i Rrksa dks Nkrs ; kjsudksV ds : Ik esa i z; ksx fd; k t krk gSAml ds fy; s dsyk ds i Rrksa dks oUr l s i dM+dj vkxs l s i hNs dh rjQ yVdk ysrs gSaA

Qhgh dsyk ds i Rrksa dks NIi j ] i Sfdax ,oafl xj sV jSi j ds : Ik esa i z; ksx fd; k t krk gSA

rfeyukMq ds dqN {ks=ksa esa dsyk ds i Rrksa dk

O;ol k; cgqr rst h l s c<+ jgk gSA ogk¡bl dk i z; ksx gksVyksa esa i Rrs ds : Ik esa fd; kt krk gSA

rus dk egRo

' kqHk vol j ksa i j i wt k LFky dk }kj ] fookge.Mi ,oa ojekyk LFky dh l t koV esa dsykds ruksa dk i z; ksx fd; k t krk gSA

dsyk ds i kS/kksa dk ruk j s'ks dk vPNk Lkzksr gSAbl s jLl h] FkSyk fQf'kax usV] Mksj ] eSV] VscyeSV vkfn cukus esa i z; ksx fd; k t krk gSA

rus ds j s'kss ,oa l qi kjh dh Hkwl h dks feyk djvPNh fdLe dk dkxt rS; kj fd; k t krk gSA

j sy }kjk dkj ,oa Vªdkas dks ,d l s nwl j sLFkku i j Hkst us esa ; g dq'kfudax eSVhfj ; ydk dk;Z dj rs gaSA

fQyhi hUl esa bl l s i ryk i kjn'khZ js'kk cuk; kt krk gS ft l s vxuk dgrs gaSA bl s di M+k]: eky vkfn cukus esa i z; ksx fd; k t krk gSA

Jhyadk esa bl l s eg¡xss t wrksa dk l ksy ,oa Q'kZvkojd ¼Q~yksj dofjax½ cuk; k t krk gSA

fQyhi hUl esa dsyk ds i kS/kksa dks t ehu ds i kll s dkV dj ml esa MaMs l s Nsn dj ysrs gSa t ksFkksM+h nsj esa i kuh ds j l l s Hkj t krk gSft l l s vki krdky esa I; kl cq>kus dk dk;Zdj rs gSaA

dsyk dh i fRr; ksa dks t yk dj ml dh j k[kdk ?kksy cuk; k t krk gS ft l s ekSl eh l fCt ; ksads l kFk vkS"kf/k ds : Ik esa i z; ksx dj rs gSaA

l kj .kh 1% dsys ds Qy esa i ks"kd rRo

iks"kd rRo Ekk=k ueh 70 izfr'kr dkcksZgkMªsV 27 izfr'kr js'kk 0-5 izfr'kr izksVhu 1-2 izfr'kr fyfiM 0-3 izfr'kr fefujy 0-9 izfr'kr QkLQksjl 29-0 fe-xzk-@100 xzke dSfYl;e 8-0 fe-xzk-@100 xzke vk;ju 0-6 fe-xzk-@100 xzke chVk dSjksVhu 0-05 fe-xzk-@100 xzke jkbcks¶yksfou 0-05 fe-xzk-@100 xzke fu;flu 0-7 fe-xzk-@100 xzke foVkfeu lh 12-0 fe-xzk-@100 xzke ÅtkZ 104 dSyksjh [kkus ;ksX; va'k 71 izfr'kr

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Qy ,oa Qwy dk egRo

i kSf"Vd gksus ds dkj .k rkt s Qy dk i z; ksxvf/kd ek=k esa gksrk gSA

Qyksa dks vkyw dh Hkk¡fr ryk] mckyk] Hkwuk;k l sad dj i z; ksx esa yk; k t k l drk gSA

Qyksa l s xwnk] fpIl ] t Se] vkVk] cukuk dsd]l Ct h] fc; j ] vpkj vkfn vusd i zdkj dsi zl aLdr mRi kn cuk; s t krs gaSA

dsyk ds Qwy dks vpkj ,oa l Ct h cukus gsrqi z; ksx esa yk; k t krk gSA

fNyds dk egRo

l w[ks dsyk ds fNyds dks dkyk peM+k cukusds dke esa yk; k t krk gS D;ksafd bl esa30&40 i zfr ' kr VSfuu i k; k t krk gSA

l w[ks dsyk ds fNyds dh j k[k esa i ksVk'k dkQhek=k esa gksus ds dkj .k bl s l kcqu cukus esabLrseky fd; k t krk gSA

dPps dsyk ds fNyds dks t yk dj MkbZcukus esa i z; ksx fd; k t krk gSA

fNyds l s pk¡nh ds t sojksa dks pedkus dkdke fd; k t k l drk gSA

vkS"k/kh; dk egRo

dPps dsyk dh l Ct h [kkus l s i sV ds dhM+sey ds l kFk ckgj fudy t krs gSaA nLr&i sfpldh f' kdk; r esa Hkh vkjke feyrk gSA

t hHk i j Nkys gksus i j j kst ,d i dk dsykxk; ds nw/k ds l kFk [kkus i j vkjke feyrk

gSA

dSfYl ; e i k; s t kus ds dkj .k bl ds i z; ksx l snk¡r l kQ ,oa et cwr gksrs gSaA

vkx l s t y t kus i j i zHkkfor LFkku i jdsyk dk xwnk dks QsaV dj ejge dh rjgyxkus l s rqjar vkjke feyrk gSA

xehZ ds ekSl e esa udl hj QwVus i j i dkdsyk nw/k ds l kFk vkB&nl fnuksa rd fu; fer: i esa l sou djus l s udl hj QwVuk can gkst krk gSA

i ds gq, dsyk ds xwns ,oa fNyds esa ,UVhQaxy,oa ,saVhok; j y xq.k i k; s t krs gSaA vr% nkngksus i j dsyk ds xwns dks uhcw ds j l esa i hldj ml dk i sLV cukdj i z; ksx esa ykus l srqjar vkjke feyrk gSA

; fn nks dsyk nks pEep 'kgn ds l kFk j kstl qcg [kk; sa rks fny dks rkdr ,oa gkbZ CyMi zs'kj esa j kgr feyrh gSA

vk¡rksa ds fodkjksa esa rFkk nLr] i sfp'k ,oal axzg.k j ksxksa esa nks dsyk yxHkx 100 xzkengh ds l kFk l sou djus l s rqjar vkjkefeyrk gSA

dsyk vEyrk dks de dj rk gS ,oa vk; jugksus ds dkj .k ,uhfe; k ds [krj s dks dedj rk gSA

rus dksey fgLl s l s fudys j l dk mi ; ksxxqnsZ dh i Fkjh ,oa mPp jDrpki ds bykt esai z; ksx fd; k t krk gSA

xehZ ds ekSl e esa fMgkbMªs'ku l s cpus ds

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fy, rj y i nkFkZ i hus ds l kFk gh dsyk dk Hkhl sou djuk pkfg,A dsyk esa i ksVSf'k; e gksusds dkj .k ; g ' kjhj esa rj y i nkFkZ dh ek=kdks fu;af=r djus dk dke dj rk gSA

mRi kn

xwnk ; k cukuk I;wjh% dsyk dk xwnk O;kol kf; dl aj f{kr mRi kn cukus dk ,d eq[ ; vk/kkj gSA bl sHkaMkfj r dj rqM+kbZ mi jkar gksus okys gzkl dks dkQhgn rd de fd; k t k l drk gSA l ht u esa dsykdh Hkjekj vkSj foi .ku ,oa fu; kZr dh l qfo/kk ughagksus ds dkj .k 1966 esa ;wukbVsM QwM dEi uh]gksuMªkl us fMCck cUn ,oa Ýkst u cukuk I;wjh vkSjfNCck cUn Qk¡dksa ds fy, ,d i zl aLdj .k IykUVcuk;k FkkA rc l s dsyk ds i zl aLdj .k ,oa l aj {k.kesa dkQh mUufr gqbZ gSA dsyk dk xwnk csch QwM]dsd] i kbZ] pht ] feYd dsd] vkVk] Øhe] usdVj ]t wl vkfn cukus ds i z; ksx esa yk; k t krk gSA dsykdk xwnk cukus ds fy, l eku : i l s i ds ,oa j ksxj fgr Qyksa dks LoPN i kuh l s gksus ds i 'pkrNhydj muds VqdM+s dkV ysaA dVs gq, VqdM+ksa dki Yi j ; k gksekst ukbat j }kjk mudk xwnk fudkyyasA xwns dks 75&78 fMxzh l sa-xzs- rd xeZ djsaA xwnsesa 0-3 i zfr ' kr fl fVªd vEy ,oa 1000 i h-i h-,e-i ksVSf'k; e esVkckbl YQkbV ¼1 xzke@fd-xzk-½ i fj j {kdFkksM+s l s i kuh esa ?kksy dj vPNh rjg l s feyk;asAxwns dks LoPN ,oa fut ZehZdr t kj esa HkaMkfj r djsaA

cukuk fQx% fQx eq[; r% ,sl h fdLeksa }kjk cuk; kt krk gS ft l esa ' kdZjk dh ek=k vf/kd gksrh gSt Sl s&jLFkyh] us; i w;uA fQx dks /kwi @MhgkbMªsVj@

vkLeksfVd Mªkbax }kjk l q[kk; k t krk gSA i ds gq,dsyk dks Nhy dj 3 i zfr ' kr l YQ;wfjd vEy}kjk mi pkfj r dj 60 fMxzh rki eku i j 10&18i zfr ' kr ueh jgus rd l q[kkrs gaSA bUgsa ,d l kyrd dejs ds rki eku i j HkaMkfj r fd; k t k l drkgSA vkLeksfVd cukuk fQx cukus gsrq dsys dh 8fe-eh- eksVh Qk¡dksa dks dkV dj 70 fMxzh fczDl'kdZjk ds ?kksy esa 8&10 ?kaVs rd j [krs gSaA ?kksy l sfudkyus ds mi jkUr 2-5 i zfr ' kr ueh jgus rdl q[kk dj LoPN ,oa ok;q vojks/kh t kj esa HkaMkfj rdj saA

ÝwV ckj% dsyk dh fofHkUu O;kol kf; d fdLeksa}kjk ÝwV ckj cuk; k t k l drk gSA ckj cukus dsfy, i ds gq; s dsyk ds xwns esa ¼1 fdyks xwns esa 550xzke½ phuh feyk dj xeZ djsaA yxHkx ,d&frgkbZgks t kus i j ¼500 i h-i h-, e- i ksVSf' k; eesVkckbl YQkbV½ i fj j {kd FkksM+s l s i kuh esa ?kksydj feyk; saA rS;kj feJ.k dks dk¡p dh Vªs esaQSykdj MhgkbMªsVj esa 20 i zfr ' kr ueh jgus rdl q[kk; saA l w[kus ds i 'pkr ckj dks VqdM+ksa esa dkVdj l syksQsu i si j esa i Sd dj HkaMkfj r djsaA ckjdks 6 eghus rd vkl kuh l s HkaMkfj r fd; k t kl drk gSA

dsys dh fpIl % nf{k.k Hkkj r esa dsyk dh fpIldkQh yksdfi z; gSA uusUnz] n[kuhl kj ] dqfB;k]fpfu; k vkfn fdLesa dsyk dh fpIl cukus gsrqvfèkd mi ;qDr gSaA fpIl ds fy, dPpk dsyk dksNhydj fdl h rst /kkjnkj LykbMj@pkdw l s 2fe-eh- dh i ryh Lykbl sl @fpIl dkV ysrs gSaAdVh gqbZ Lykbl sl dks 3 i zfr ' kr ued] 0-3

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i zfr ' kr] fl fVªd vEy ,oa 0-25 i zfr ' kr i ksVSf'k; eesVkckbl YQkbV ds ?kksy esa 30 feuV rd j [krsgSaA ?kksy l s fudkyus ds i 'pkr l kQ di M+s i jl q[kk; saA rnqi j kUr [kkus okys rsy esa rysaA rsy dksnqxZU/k l s cpkus ds fy, ,saVhvkWDl hMsaV C;wVsjkbMgkbMªkDl h Vsyw;ku dks feyk; k t k l drk gSA BaMkgksus i j fpIl dks i kWyhFkhu cSx ; k ok;q vojks/kht kj esa HkaMkfj r djsaA

vpkj% Hkkst u dks Lokno) Zd cukus ds fy; s vpkjdk eq[ ; : i l s i z; ksx fd; k t krk gSA vpkjdPpk dsyk ,oa Qwy nksuksa l s cuk; k t k l drk gSAdsyk l s vpkj cukus ds fy, dsyk dks 8 fe-eh-eksVh Qk¡dksas esa dkVdj CykUp dj ysrs gaSA CykUpQk¡dksa dks gok esa l q[kkdj ml esa Loknkuql kj el kyk]ued] fl j dk ,oa rsy feykdj HkaMkfj r djsaA Qyl s vpkj cukus gsrq mul s LVsesUl dks fudky djCykUp dj ysaA RkRi 'pkr xzkbUM dj ds Hkwu ysaAHkwuus ds i 'pkr Lokn ds vuql kj fl j dk] ued]el kys ,oa rsy feyk dj HkaMkfj r djsaA

t wl % dsyk ds xwns dks i sfDVust ,Ut kbe }kjkmi pkfj r dj ml dk t wl fudky dj Nku ysrs gSaAt wl esa 0-3 i zfr ' kr fl fVªd vEy ,oa 12&15i zfr ' kr phuh feykdj xeZ dj rs gSaA xeZ&xeZ t wldks fut ZehZdr cksryksa esa Hkjdj l hy dj HkaMkfj rdjsaA usp i qou] ckj i qjkoSyh] jLFkyh] dsfofUM'kfdLesa t wl ds fy, mi ; qDr gaSA

LohV cukuk fØLi % LohV cukuk fØLi cukus gsrqNksVs vkdj dk dsyk ysdj mUgsa i hyj }kjk Nhyysrs gSaA rRi 'pkr buds 2 fe-eh- eksVs fpIl

yEckbZ esa dkV ysaA bUgsa 2 i zfr ' kr fl fVªd vEy]ued ,oa i ksVSf'k; e esVkckbl YQkbV ds ?kksy esa30 feuV rd j [ksaA ?kksy l s fudkydj l q[kk ysa,oa ?kh esa ry ysaA rys gq, fpIl dks rhu rkj dhpkW' kuh esa fMi dj saA rS;kj cukuk fØLi dksi kWyhFkhu cSx esa i Sd dj HkaMkfj r djsaA

fdf.or mRi kn% j LFkyh] i wou uspi wou] dkj i qjkoSyh]fdLesa cukuk okbu vkSj czkaMh cukus gsrq mi ;qDri k;h x;h gaSA i ds gq; s dsyk ds xwns dks 0-2 i zfr ' kri sfDVust bUt kbe }kjk pkj ?kaVs rd mi pkfj r djt wl fudky ysrs gSaA t wl esa ; hLV feyk dj 4&5fnu rd fdf.or dj rs gSaA cukuk czkaMh ds fy; sfdf.or fydj dks fMfLVy dj ysrs gSaA cukukokbu esa vYdksgy dh ek=k 12&13 i zfr ' kr vkSjczkaMh esa 35&40 i zfr ' kr rd gksrh gSA

' kgn% fj dk esa i ds gq; s dsyk ds i wjs cUp dks Nhydj /kheh vk¡p esa dbZ ?kaVksa rd mcky dj xk<+kl hj i cukrs gSa ft l s ' kgn dgrs gSaA bl h i zdkjD;wck l kbcsfj ; k] vkbl yS.M esa dPps dsyk dksfNyds l fgr mcky dj i z; ksx esa ykrs gSaA

t kuojksa dk Hkkst u% dsyk dh HkaMkj .k {kerkdkQh de gksrh gSA QyLo: i ; g t Ynh gh [kjkcgks t krs gSaA csdkj Qy t ks fd i zksVhu] foVkfeu ,oa[kfut l s Hkj i wj gksrs gSa t kuojksa fo'ks"kdj xk; ,oal qvjksa dk vPNk Hkkst u gaSA ysfdu dPps Qy l w[ks,oa dl Sys gksus ds dkj .k t kuoj bUgsa ugha [kkrs gSaAbl fy; s bUgsa i zl aLdr dj fMgkbMªsV cukuk ehyfodfl r dh x;h gSA

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vk.kfod [ksrh ,oa ekuo LokLF;fufe"kk ' kekZ1] ehuk{kh efyd2] euh"k feJ3 , oa eqRFkq dqekj 4

1Hkkj rh; df"k vuql a/kku l aLFkku] ubZ fnYyh

1oSKkfud] 2oSKkfud] j k-l -uk-i z-l a-] 3ofj -oSKk- ,oa 4oSKkfud] ds-m-ck-l a-

vk.kfod [ksrh dk i z;ksx t Soi zkS| ksfxdh rduhd}kjk i kS/kksa esa O;ki d Li j i j mi ; ksxh mRi knmRi Uu djus gsrq fd; k t krk gSA bl i ) fr }kjkfofHkUu i zdkj ds ' kdZjk] ol k] i zksVhu ,oa f} rh;dmRi kn mRi Uu fd; s t krs gSa t ks euq"; ,oa i ' kqvksa dsLokLF; dh nf"V l s vR;Ur mi ; ksxh gSA

vkt ds rduhdh ;qx esa t Soi zkS| ksfxdh ds{ks= esa cgqr l kj s egRoi w.kZ i fjorZu gks jgs gSaAbuesa LokLF; ,d egRoi w.kZ LFkku j [krk gSA ;gl Hkh t kurs gSa fd l arqfyr vkgkj ' kdZjk] i zksVhu]ol k bR;kfn ds i ; kZIr ek=k esa gksus l s l Ei w.kZ gksrkgSA c<+rh gqbZ vkcknh rFkk de gksrs gq, [kk| kumRi knu dks ns[krs gq, u;h i ) fr; ksa dk i z; ksx djt ul eqnk; ds fy, i ; kZIr ek=k esa l arqfyr vkgkji Snk djus gsrq mfpr fn'kk esa i q[rk dne mBkusgksaxsA

i kS/ks okf.kfT;d Lr j i j mi ; ksxh 'kdZjkmRi Uu dj rs gSa ft l esa l s l sywykst + ,oa LVkpZ l cl svf/kd ek=k esa mRi Uu gksrs gSaA ysfdu bl dh mi t +vkSj xq.k t Soi zkS| ksfxdh rduhd }kjk vkSj c<+k;ht k l drh gSA bu 'kdZjkvksa ds fuekZ.k gsrq t ksfd.od vksj t hu gSa mUgsa i Fkd dj nwl j s i kS/kksa esat hu i fjorZu }kjk Vªkal t Sfud i kni ksa dk fuekZ.kfd; k t k jgk gSA 'kdZjk Vªkal t Sfud gsrq t hu vkyw]

rEckdw] pqdUnj ] l j l ksa vkfn esa LFkkukarfj r fd; sx; s gSa t ks O;kol kf; d Lrj i j Hkkst u] MhVj t saV,oa vkS"k/kh; fuekZ.k gsrq i z; qä gks jgs gSaA Hkkst u dsl kFk&l kFk dqN 'kdZjk t Sl s Vªsºykst + dk mi ; ksxl w[kk i zfrj ks/kh i kS/k fufeZr djus esa Hkh gqvk gS]bl fy, ; hLV vkSj b-dksykbZ l s t hu i Fkd djpkoy] vkyw ,oa rEckdw esa LFkkukarfj r fd; k x; kgS rkfd ; g egRoi w.kZ Ql ysa Hkh l w[ks ds i zfrl gu'khy gksaA

t hu vfHk; kaf=dh }kjk u; s ol k ; qä i kni ksads fuekZ.k dk;Z i zxfr i j gSA gekjs nSfud t hou'kSyh esa vkt i kni }kjk mRi Uu gksus okys rsy dsLFkku i j i ' kq i znr ol k dk i zpyu c<+ jgk gSA

i kni i znr ol k eq[ ; r% [kkus esa mi ; ksx gksrhgSA bl dh vkS| ksfxd egÙkk dks t Soi zkS| ksfxdh }kjki fj orZu dj c<+k; k t k l drk gSA l kFk ghvk.kohdj .kh; i sVªksfy;e vk/kkfj r mRi kn dh t xgi z;qä fd; k t k l drk gSA fofHkUu ol k dh xq.korkesa varj muds ol h; vEyksa ds j kl k; fud l axBudh ot g l s gksrk gS t ks muds l ar Ir fcanq dksfuèkkZfj r dj rs gSaA bl j l k; fud l axBu dksfuèkkZfj r djus okys fd.od ,oa i zksVhu dks i Fkddj nwl j s i kS/kksa esa Mkydj vf/kd xq.kork okysol h; vEy rS; kj fd; s t k l drs gSaA

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' kjhj ds fodkl gsrq i zksVhu Hkh ,d vgeHkwfedk j [krh gSA Hkkj r esa [kk| ku esa eq[; r%vukt dk i z; ksx gksrk gS ft l esa i zksVhu dh ek=k ,oavko' ; d vehuks vEy de gksrs gSaA bl fn'kk esavk.kfod [ksrh }kjk vehuks vEy] t ks i zksVhufuekZ.k dh vk/kkj f' kyk gS] esa i fjorZu dj vf/kdxq.koÙkk okys i zksVhu] ,saVhckMh ,oa oSDl hu fufeZrfd; s t k l drs gSaA i zksVhu l a'ysf"kr djuk vkSjbl ds fØ;kRed gksus esa dqN egRoi w.kZ i fjorZut Sl s i zksVhu rg] ' kqf) dj .k Hkh t : jh gSaA bl dsvkS| ksfxd i Sekus i j mRi knu gsrq t hok.koh; ,oa;hLV ek/; e i z; qä gks jgk gSA

t Soi zkS| ksfxdh i z; qä dj i kni i znr oSDl huHkh fufeZr dh t krh gSA bl i ) fr ds mi ; ksx dsi hNs l Lrh ,oa i zHkkoh vkS"kf/k fuekZ.k djuk gS t kschekfj ; ksa l s fut kr fnykus esa i zHkkoh fl ) gksl drh gSA fo"kk.kq ,oa t hok.kh; ek/; e i qu% l a; kst di zksVhu mRi Uu djus gsrq i z; qDr gks jgs gSaA i zkjafHkdLrj i j oSDl hu fuekZ.k v[kk| i kni t Sl s rEckdwesa fd; k x; kA bl ds mi jkUr bl s [kk| i kni t Sl sVekVj vkSj dsyk esa fd; k x; kA i ' kqvksa ds fy,[kk| oSDl hu dk i z; ksx pkjs okyh Ql yksa esa fd; kx; kA mnkgj .k ds rkSj i j bUVjQsjku] ,UVhfVªi l hupkoy esa] i zksVhuhu eDdk esa] ysDVksQsfju] vkyw esa],UdsQsyhu dsuksyk esa vkfn mRi Uu fd; s t k jgs gSaA

vkuqoaf'kd : i l s l a'kksf/kr [kk| i nkFkZ nqfu; kesa Hkw[k vkSj dqi ks"k.k dh l eL; kvksa dks gy djusds fy, ] mi t c<+kus vkSj j kl k; fud dhVuk'kdksai j fuHkZj rk dks de djus ds l kFk gh i ; kZoj .k dhj {kk djus dh {kerk j [krh gS fQj Hkh bl ds

vfHkxzg.k esa pqukSfr; ksa gSA vusd l qj {kk dk i jh{k.k]fofu;eu] varjkZ"Vªh; uhfr vkSj [kk| yscfyaxvkfn i j vkuqoaf'kd ; kaf=dh Hkfo"; dh vi fjgk;Zygj vR;Ur ykHknk;d gSA dqi ks"k.k l kekU; r%ogk¡ i k; k t krk gS t gk¡ xjhcksa dks vi us vkgkj dsfy, eq[ ; Hkkst u ds fy, pkoy t Sl h ,d gh Ql yi j fuHkZj gksuk i M+rk gS t ks rhl jh nqfu; k¡ ds ns'kksaesa vke gSA gkyk¡fd] pkoy l Hkh vko' ; d i ks"kdrRoksa dh i ; kZIr ek=k esa dqi ks"k.k dks j ksdus ds fy,dkjxj ugha gSA vxj pkoy vkuqoaf'kd : i l si fj ofrZr dj fn; k t k; s rks i ks"kd rRoksa dh dehdks nwj fd; k t k l drk gSA mnkgj .k ds fy, ]foVkfeu , dh deh ds dj .k va/kki u rhl jhnqfu; k ds ns'kksa esa ,d vke l eL; k gSA fLoVt jySaMds 'kks/kdrkZvksa us ^l qugjk* chVk dSjksVhu ¼foVkfeu,½ ds ,d vl kekU; : i l s mPp l kexzh ; qäpkoy cuk; k gSA nok,¡ rFkk Vhdksa dk mRi knucgqr gh eg¡xk gS l kFk gh fo'ks"k HkaMkj .k fLFkfr; ksadh vko' ; drk gksrh gS t ks rhl jh nqfu; k ds ns'kksaesa vkl kuh l s mi yC/k ugha gSA 'kks/kdrkZ VekVjvkSj vkyw esa [kk| Vhds fodfl r djus ds fy,dke dj jgs gSaA bu Vhdksa dks cgqr vkl kuh l smi yC/k djk; k t k l drk gSa ;g vfHkys[k eq[ ; r%'kdZjk] ol k vkSj i zksVhu i j dsfUnzr gSa t ks gekjsHkkst u ds eq[ ; l a?kVd gSaA ol k ,oa i zksVhu fuekZ.kesa vHkh vkSj vk/kkj ' kks/k dh vko' ; drk gS bl dsl kFk de ykxr vk; s bl fcanq i j Hkh fparut : jh gSA bUgha l Hkh fcUnqvksa dks vk/kkj j [kdjt Soi zkS| ksfxdh dk l dkjkRed i zHkko ekuo ,oai ' kqt hou ds l kFk l Ei w.kZ t udY;k.k i j ns[kk t kl dsxkA

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