Bones:› Femur› Tibia› Fibula› Patella

Menisci› Medial Meniscus› Lateral Meniscus

Ligaments:› MCL- Medial Collateral

Ligament› LCL- Lateral Collateral

Ligament› ACL- Anterior Cruciate

Ligament› PCL- Posterior Cruciate

Ligament

LCL

MCL

ACL PCL

Medial Meniscus

LateralMeniscus

Sprain-Ligament stretching or tearing Grade-one sprains stretch the ligament but don't

tear the fibers

Grade-two sprains partially tear the fibers, but the ligament remains intact

Grade-three sprains are tears that completely disrupt the ligament

o ACL- located internally in the front of the knee , prevents the knee from sliding forward

o PCL- located behind the knee and forms an "X" on the inside of the knee and prevent the knee from sliding backward

o Signs and Symptoms of injury: o Swelling in the knee occurs within minutes o Athlete may be in mild to severe paino Walking is difficult

o Treatment:o See your Athletic Trainer or Orthopedic Doctoro Long-term treatment may require surgery and

significant physical therapy rehabilitation o Recovery usually takes average of 6 monthso Full function, mobility, strength and comfort

typically return at about 1 year

MCL- ligament on the inside of the knee, prevents knee from sliding side to side

LCL- ligament located on the outside of the knee, prevents knee from sliding side to side

-A LCL tears when stress is placed on the inside of the knee

Ex. Kicked from medial (inside) of knee

-The picture above shows a hit to the inside of the knee.

Treatment: -See your Athletic Trainer or Orthopedic Doctor-Rest-Wear a range of motion restricted brace-Ice-Elevate-Surgery may be required

Rehabiliation-Program will be created by Physical Therapist or Athletic Trainer-Depending on level of sprain, recovery may take 2 weeks to several months

-Meniscus: Functions as a cushion between bones

- The cartilage of the knee can be acutely injured or can gradually tear.

- Signs and Symptoms:- Pain with walking up/down

inclines- “Giving away” of the knee- Swelling occurs gradually over

many hours- See Athletic Trainer or

Orthopedic Doctor for full evaluation

The kneecap sits within the tendon of the quadriceps muscle, in front of the femur, just above the knee joint.

It is held in place by the quadriceps muscles

- The patella typically subluxates/dislocates laterally (toward the outside of the knee). › Dislocations are returned to the normal

position by straightening out the knee

› See your Athletic Trainer or Orthopedic Doctor for full evaluation

› Rehabilitation will be needed

Bursa- fluid-filled sac that reduces friction between muscles, tendons and bones

Inflammation of the bursas (bursitis) can occur because of direct blows, chronic use and/or abuse.

Rehab-See your Athletic Trainer or Orthopedic Doctor-Avoiding aggravating movements such as kneeling -Wear knee pads-If the swelling persists, a medical professional may drain the fluid within or around the bursa. -In cases where the bursa has become infected, antibiotics may be prescribed -In more serious cases the bursa may be completely removed by surgical procedures.

http://www.emedicinehealth.com/knee_injury/article_em.htm http://holidayparkphysicalrehabilitation.patientsites.com/Injuries-

Conditions/Knee/Surgery/Posterior-Cruciate-Ligament-Injuries/a~355/article.html

http://www.nlm.nih.gov?medlineplus/ency/imagepages?18003/htm