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ويرايش پنجم

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  • .1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6.7

  • ) ( . -

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    Last session (Review)Session Outlook

    Presentation ABreak TimePresentation B

    Next Session Topics

    Roll Call

    ) ( . -

  • ) ( . -

  • )( ) ( :

    . . .

    . . .

    :

    ) (

    ) ( . -

  • )( )) ( ( :

    .

    .

    .

    ) ( . -

  • )( )) ( ( Drilling a straight hole :

    : :

    ) ( . -

  • )( ) (K. K. Millheim - M. E. Chenevert - F. S. Young Jr. : Applied Drilling Engineering

    ) ( . -

  • ) ( . -

  • )( : : . . . . : ( : ( : ( (

    ) ( . -

  • ) ( . -

  • ( (

    :

    ( ( . . .

    ) ( . -

  • ) ( . -

  • (( (( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (

    ) ( . -

  • ) ( . -

  • Drilling officeLandmark

    ) ( . -

  • ) ( .11. http://1drv.ms/1QG1so3 .2 .1)- ( http://1drv.ms/1FESfRh .31. http://1drv.ms/1Eu9iuJ ) ( .41. http://1drv.ms/14bFKCl .51. http://1drv.ms/1vbqbzV

  • well Architecture

    .

    . :

    . : The well prognosis The well program

    The drilling and casing program ) ( . -

  • ) ( . -

  • The well prognosis :

    : ( ( :

    ) ( . -

  • : .

    . .

    . .

    ) ( . -

  • The well program

    . :

    ) ( . -

  • . :

    .

    ) ( . -

  • ) ( .11. http://1drv.ms/1QG1so3 .2 .1)- ( http://1drv.ms/1FESfRh .31. http://1drv.ms/1Eu9iuJ ) ( .41. http://1drv.ms/14bFKCl .51. http://1drv.ms/1vbqbzV

  • : : _ . _ :BHA .

    ) ( . -

  • . : _ . : _ . : _ . .

    ) ( . -

  • . .

    ) ( . -

  • ( (

    ( (

    .

    ) ( . -

  • :

    .): ( overburden pressureHorizontal formation pressure:

    .

    .

    ) ( . -

  • ): ( overburden pressure pv=yvh :

    Y h: pv: .

    S. G. R n: h:

    ) ( . -

    Typical values for (Po/D) psi/ft KPa/meterSandstone 30% porosity . . Sandstone 20% porosity . . Sandstone 10% porosity . . Sandstone 0% porosity . . Siltstone . Shale . . Limestone . Dolomite . . Anhydrite . .

  • .

    22 PPG . % .

    % .

    ) ( . -

  • Horizontal formation pressure: :

    K: V: .>v

  • ) ( . -

  • ) ( .

    . ) ( .

    ( (

    :

    .

    ) ( . -

  • :

    . :

    P: H: YM:

    ) ( ( (

    / / psi ft

    ) ( . -

  • pore water pressure:

    . . .

    ) ( . -

  • . .

    . ) (

    ppp psi/ft / psi/ft /

    . .

    ) ( . -

  • : . . . .

    .

    . . .

    ) ( . -

  • ( (

    psi/ft / ( (

    . subnormal pressure . psi/ft/

    ) ( . -

  • .

    . .

    . .

    .) ( . -

  • . psi ) ( psi/ft .

    ) ( . -

  • Under compaction in shale

    . % .

    .

    ) ( . -

  • )( salt bed

    . . .

    Mineralization . : % .

    ) ( . -

  • )( Tectonic causes

    . . Faulting

    . Diapirism

    . .

    ) ( . -

  • .

    . .

    ) ( . -

  • Leak-off Test

    .

    .

    .

    ) ( . -

  • :

    P=L(Y/300d)P = psiL = ft Y= lb/100 ftd = in

    ( (P=L[Y/300(D d)]

    P= psi L= ftY= ) (IB D= ind= in

    ) ( . -

  • .

    ft . in in lb/100 ft

    ) ( . -

  • Y=10 lb/100 ft L=12000 ft d=4. 276 inP=L(Y/300d)=12000[10/(300. 4. 276)]=12000. 0. 078 =94psi

    psi .

    D=8 in d=5 in P=L[Y/300(D d)]=12000[10/300(8 -5)] =12000. 0. 0095 =114 psi

    ) ( . -

  • ) (

    ) ( .

    .

    Leak-Off Pressure .

    . . . . . - . . .

    ) ( . -

  • ) ( . -

  • Mini- frac Leak-off test

    ) ( . -

  • )MASP(

    MASP ). (

    . Leak-Off .

    ) ( . -

  • ) (

    .

    . .

    ) ( . -

  • .1

  • ) ( .11. http://1drv.ms/1QG1so3 .2 .1)- ( http://1drv.ms/1FESfRh .31. http://1drv.ms/1Eu9iuJ ) ( .41. http://1drv.ms/14bFKCl .51. http://1drv.ms/1vbqbzV

  • :

    .

    ) ( . -

  • :

    Pigott

    :

    rittingers V: ft/secD: ft

    ) ( . -

  • :

    .

    ) ( . -

  • .

    ) ( . -

  • .

    .

    ) ( . -

  • . :

    * * *) ( *

    ) ( . -

  • :

    * * ( .( * . : * * *

    ) ( . -

  • ) ( -.1

  • ) ( .11. http://1drv.ms/1QG1so3 .2 .1)- ( http://1drv.ms/1FESfRh .31. http://1drv.ms/1Eu9iuJ ) ( .41. http://1drv.ms/14bFKCl .51. http://1drv.ms/1vbqbzV

  • .

    . .

    Well Head

    ) ( . -

  • .

    Tapered Shape

    ) ( . -

  • .

    ) ( . -

  • ) ( . -

  • ) ( . -

  • ) (

    ,/) (

    ,/ ,/) (

    ,/

    ,/) ( ,/) (

    ,/

    ) ( . -

  • Conductor Pipe Surface Casing Intermediate Casing Production Casing Liner Casing

    ) ( . -

  • Drive or conductor pipe

    " ) , ( Cellar "

    ) ( . -

  • ) (

    ) ( . -

  • Surface Casing

    :

    .

    ) ( . -

  • ) Buildup Section( . - ) (

    -/

    ) ( . -

  • . .

    . .

    . )Multi-Stage Cementing (

    ) ( . -

  • Intermediate Casing Protective Casing :

    ( ( .

    -/ .

    ) ( . -

  • Production Casing

    .

    :

    . .

    -/ . .

    ) ( . -

  • Liner Liner Hanger Hang

    . Overlab .

    Tie Back

    Reduced Diameter

    ) ( . -

  • .

    . :

    Liner Hanger .

    ) ( . -

  • (Tubing)

    . Tubing Hanger .

    . ( ( .

    ) ( . -

  • . .

    . . (American Petroleum Institute) . .

    ) ( . -

  • )Manufacturing Process( )Length Range( )Casing Size( Steel Grade )Nominal Weight( )Casing Coupling & Thread( )Drift Diameter( sulfide &sour environment resistance

    API SPEC. 5A) ( . -

  • Manufacturing Process (Seamless) . (Electric Weld) :

    . . :

    . .

    ) ( . -

  • length range . . :

    length range - -

    ) ( . -

  • outside diameter .

    . .

    Tolerance/ / -/ .

    ) ( . -

  • (Steel Grade)

    Microstructure ( .

    .

    1000 psi . )H2S (

    API C75 L80 C95 .) ( . -

  • ) ( . -

  • ) ( . -

  • )Weight per unit length lb/ft( API :

    Nominal Weight . Plain End Weight Threaded & Coupled Weight

    ) ( . -

  • (Casing Nominal Weight)

    lb/ft Kg/m .

    ft .

    .

    . (tolerance)

    -/ + / .

    .

    ) ( . -

  • Plain End Weight

    . . API Threaded & Coupled Weight.

    Power Tight .

    ) ( . -

  • Coupling

    )API ( )Grade ( . ) Box(

    . .

    .) ( . -

  • .API :

    Thread Height or Depth Crest Root .

    Lead . Taper

    . ( ) Thread Form

    . -V

    ) ( . -

  • (plain end) (buttress)

    (extreme line)

    . .

    (VAM) .

    .

    .

    -/ VAM % E. L % .

    ) ( . -

  • ) ( . -

  • ) ( . -

  • -/

    ) ( . -

  • ) ( . -

  • (Drift diameter)

    . piercing ( ) . .

    .

    (special drift)

    . . ) ( . -

  • (H2S resistance)

    .

    ) ( .

    ) ( . -

  • )Pipe Body ( )Coupling ( :

    )Yield Strength ( )Collapse Strength( )Burst Strength (

    ) ( . -

  • . ( (

    ) ( . ) ( .

    . . ) ( .

    ) ( . -

  • OA Hook :

    = E = = / = )Strain = ( / E = .

    ) ( . -

  • .

    . .

    .

    ) ( . -

  • yield point

    .

    .

    (yield strength) ( ( psi bar .

    ) ( . -

  • . . .

    .API

    . P-110 P-105

    ) ( . -

  • .

    . .

    .

    ) ( . -

  • .

    . .

    :

    .

    . ) Buckling(

    .

    ) ( . -

  • .

    .

    ) ( . -

  • )Collapse Strength( .

    . ) ( .

    ) ( . -

  • ) ( . Barlow :

    t = D = YP = .

    .

    ) ( . -

  • .1 2.(WEC) Rabia Hussain. Well Engineering & Construction. Entrac Consulting Limited .2002 Chapter 4&5 NIDC .3

  • ) ( .11. http://1drv.ms/1QG1so3 .2 .1)- ( http://1drv.ms/1FESfRh .31. http://1drv.ms/1Eu9iuJ ) ( .41. http://1drv.ms/14bFKCl .51. http://1drv.ms/1vbqbzV

  • :

    ( ) (Collapse Loading( . . . (Burst Loading)

    . (Tensile Loading)

    ) ( . -

  • )( Tensile Loading

    . . . .

    . .

    ) ( . -

  • Buoyancy

    .

    .

    . .

    ) ( . -

  • . . .

    . Dogleg .

    ) ( . -

  • . .

    .

    .

    . ) ( . -

  • )Design Criteria( :

    )Collapse Pressure( )Burst Pressure( )Axial Tension( )Compression Loading( )Other Loading(

    . Safety Factor .

    ) ( . -

  • )Safety Factor( .

    )Marginal ( )Exact ( .

    .) ( . -

  • . . :

    85 .0 1. 125 1 1. 1 3 .1 1. 8

    ) ( . -

  • . )SF ( :

    ) ( ) = ( SF = (Burst Resistance of CSG) (Burst Pressure)

    . ) ( . -

  • ( (

    ) ( . -

  • :

    .

    !

    ) ( . -

  • .

    .

    .

    .

    ) ( . -

  • .

    . .

    .

    )Drill out Shoe ( . ) Complete Loss( ) ( . -

  • . L C .

    ) ( . -

  • .

    . .

    ) ( . -

  • .

    ) Influx Fluid( .

    ) (

    .

    ( ( ( )

    ) ( . -

  • : )PI( )PO( )Burst Load( BL = PI-PO )Burst Safety Factor( BSF = BP/BL 1. 1

    ) ( . -

  • Burst Liner

    ) ( . -

  • . )Drag ( ) Shock Loading( .

    . . . .

    ) ( . -

  • . ) Over Pull( -/ -/

    . . .

    ) ( . -

  • Bending Force

    .

    )Pure Bending ( .

    )Plane Transverse ( . ""

    ) ( . -

  • Shock Load

    Slips ) ( .

    . ) (

    o .o .

    ) ( . -

  • .1 2.(WEC) Rabia Hussain. Well Engineering & Construction. Entrac Consulting Limited .2002 Chapter 4&5 .3

  • ) ( .11. http://1drv.ms/1QG1so3 .2 .1)- ( http://1drv.ms/1FESfRh .31. http://1drv.ms/1Eu9iuJ ) ( .41. http://1drv.ms/14bFKCl .51. http://1drv.ms/1vbqbzV

  • :

    )shoe( . cement collar

    ) ( centralizer

    ) ( . -

  • :

    . .

    .

    ) ( . -

  • ) ( . -

  • ) ( . -

  • Cement plug .

    .

    .

    ) ( . -

  • (guide shoe) (baffle collar)

    Float collars with differential fill-up and automatic fill-up

    ) ( . -

  • :

    . .

    .) ( . -

  • fill up

    . .

    . ) ( . .

    ) ( . -

  • (centralizers)

    : .

    differential pressure sticking

    channeling

    ) ( . -

  • ) ( . -

  • (Casing Head (or Braden Head

    .

    .

    .

    ) ( . -

  • Base Casing Head

    .

    (weld-on type head) .

    .

    ) ( . -

  • (casing head spool) .

    .

    ) ( . -

  • .1 2.(WEC) Rabia Hussain. Well Engineering & Construction. Entrac Consulting Limited .2002 Chapter 4&5

  • ) ( .11. http://1drv.ms/1QG1so3 .2 .1)- ( http://1drv.ms/1FESfRh .31. http://1drv.ms/1Eu9iuJ ) ( .41. http://1drv.ms/14bFKCl .51. http://1drv.ms/1vbqbzV

  • . . . . (Recovered Core) .

    ) ( . -

  • :

    - - - - - -

    ) ( . -

  • ( (

    ( ) . . . .

    ) ( . -

  • : -

    . .

    - . . .

    - . . ) (p v c .

    . . . . -

    . : - -

    ) ( . -

  • bottom hole coring

    .

    .

    ) ( . -

  • :

    STABILIZER .

    ) ( . -

  • . .

    . . .

    ) ( . -

  • . :

    TUBE INNER

    ) ( . -

  • .

    .

    . safety joint

    . .

    .

    ) ( . -

  • .

    .

    .

    ball bearing swivel .

    ) ( . -

  • . CATCHER .

    .

    rabbit plug . rabbit .

    ) ( . -

  • sidewall coring

    .

    ) ( . -

  • :

    . . :

    .) ( . -

  • :

    CST chronological sample taker

    . .

    .

    ) ( . -

  • : - . - . - . - . . - . . . - . - .

    ) ( . -

  • .

    Nx dxc

    . ) ( . -

  • nx A

    nx B .

    .

    ) ( . -

  • ) )

    ) ( . -

  • ) ( .11. http://1drv.ms/1QG1so3 .2 .1)- ( http://1drv.ms/1FESfRh .31. http://1drv.ms/1Eu9iuJ ) ( .41. http://1drv.ms/14bFKCl .51. http://1drv.ms/1vbqbzV

  • Blow out

    )Kick (

    .

    (

    ) ( . -

  • ) ( . -

  • Strokes . :

    . .

    . . ( ( .

    ) ( . -

  • ( )

    ) ( . -

  • . ( (

    . .

    . .

    . ( (

    .

    ) ( . -

  • ) (

    . . :

    ) ( . -

  • : :

    ) ( . -

  • :

    :

    .

    :

    ) ( . -

  • . .

    .) ( . -

  • :

    .

    .

    ) ( . -

  • ) ( . -

  • Wait and Weight Driller's Method

    Concurrent Method

    ) ( . -

  • ) ( .

    KRP

    KRP

    ) ( . -

  • ) (

    Icp Kill Rate . .

    ) ( . -

  • . .

    . . ) ( . .

    ) ( . -

  • .

    . :

    ) ( . -

  • .

    .

    : .

    ) ( . -

  • .

    .

    .

    .) ( . -

  • . . . . . .

    ) ( . -

  • :

    . :

    . o .o .

    . o

    . .

    ) ( . -

  • .

    . .

    . .

    ) ( . -

  • .

    . .

    .

    ) ( . -

  • .

    . . . .

    ) ( . -

  • ) ( . -

  • / . . .

    .

    . .

    ) ( . -

  • . . . .

    .

    ) ( . -

  • .

    . .

    .

    ) ( . -

  • . . . . HCL . . . . .

    ) ( . -

  • .1

  • ) ( .11. http://1drv.ms/1QG1so3 .2 .1)- ( http://1drv.ms/1FESfRh .31. http://1drv.ms/1Eu9iuJ ) ( .41. http://1drv.ms/14bFKCl .51. http://1drv.ms/1vbqbzV