Les systèmes et les moyens d’observation de la région Méditerranéenne

(air, terre, mer).

Stéphane Blain

Avec le concours de G. Bergametti, F. Dulac, P. Cochonnat, V. Ducrocq

OSU Banyuls/merUniversité Pierre et marie Curie

La région méditerranéenne ?

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Coast line 46,000 km , surface 2.5 106 km2

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La région méditerranéenne ?

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La région méditerranéenne ?

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….. formerly known as GMES (Global Monitoring for Environment and Security), is a European initiative for the implementation of information services dealing with environment and security

Kopernikus is based on observation data received from Earth Observation satellites and ground based information. These data will be coordinated, analysed and prepared for end-users.

Kopernikus is built up gradually: it starts with a pilot phase which targets the availability of a first set of operational GMES services by 2008 followed by the development of an extended range of services which meet user requirements.

KOPERNIKUS,….observing our planet for a safer word

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EU-funded Integrated Projects developing pre-operational GMES services

  GEOLAND , MERSEA,PREVIEW, GEMS, LIMES EU-Funded Projects supporting GMES Implementation

BOSS4GMES, HUMBOLDT –TANGO

 Network of Excellence supporting security applications under GMES

GMOSS

ESA GMES Services Element  FOREST, LAND, TERRAFIRMA, RIS-EOS, RESPOND

GMFS MARCOAST POLAR VIEW MARISS PROMOTE  Other Projects in Support of GMES ActivitiesGIGAS, NESIS, OASIS, ORCHESTRA, OSIRIS, WIN

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KOPERNIKUS

Mediterranean Sea SST as seen by the MFS 1/16° forecasting system

In situ observing systemFloatsTimes seriesVesselsGliders    Data ManagmentArgoGOSUdOCEANSITESENACT/ENSEMBLEQuality control

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MERSEA

What observations do we have ?What observations do we have ?

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EURO GOOS

Overview of existing continued Overview of existing continued stations and sectionsstations and sections

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EURO GOOS

Overview of existing continued Overview of existing continued stations and sectionsstations and sections

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Toute l’observation n’est pas dans KOPERNIKUSToute l’observation n’est pas dans KOPERNIKUS

AMP, Natura 2000, CENSUS OF MARINE

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EUROCEANS …..

Towards an integrated system of Mediterranean marine observatories La Spezia (Italy), 16 - 19 January 2008, 144 p. (234 refs).

Mussel watch

Other EUprojects

The prototype atmospheric services of Kopernikus are currently provided by two cooperating consortia that operate

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the PROMOTE GMES Service Element project funded by the European Space Agency,

and the GEMS project funded by the European Commission as part of the 6th Framework Programme for Research, Technical Development and Demonstration.

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KOPERNIKUS

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Global and regional Earth-system (Atmosphere) Monitoring using Satellite and in-situ data (GEMS)

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Mais aussi

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ACCENT : Atmospheric composition change the european network of excellenceA number of research infrastructures (research

aircraft, laboratory facilities, advanced analytical instrumentation and/or monitoring stations) are currently operational in Europe for atmospheric studies. New methodologies for the investigation of atmospheric mechanisms, generation of original and high quality data for modelling purposes have emphasised the need for advanced facilities over Europe.

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KOPERNIKUS PREVIEW : Fires, Windstorms, floods, lanslides, Earthquake and vulcanoes, man made

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Land Environmental Services operationally provide sound, reliable and affordable land related geo-information products on the regional, European and global scale.

By the combined analysis of data received from Earth Observation satellites and ground based measuring networks theses services provide wide-area and cross-boarder harmonized geo-information products for a multitude of thematic areas, like land use / land cover change, soil sealing, water quality and availability, spatial planning, forest management, carbon storage and global food security.

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KOPERNIKUS

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GEOLAND Observatories

The Regional Services focus on the implementation of newly established European Directives:

Nature protection observatories (ONP) addressing the Habitats and Bird Directive, the Ramsar Convention, the Convention on Biological Diversity;

Spatial Planning Observatories (OSP) addressing the European Spatial Development Perspective, and the European Spatial Observatory Network.

Water and Soil Observatory (OWS) addressing the Thematic Strategy for Soil Protection, and the Water Framework Directive; this observatory is subdivided into the thematic areas OWS-Water and OWS-Soil;

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KOPERNIKUS

SEA The Global Services are directed towards the support of policies addressing Global

Change and Sustainable Development:

Natural carbon Fluxes Observatories addressing the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change;

Global land Cover and Forest Change Observatory (OLF) addressing the UN Forum on Forest, and the Forest and Development Communication of the Commission, Support of Environmental Measure in Developing Countries;

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http://www.gmes-forest.info/pages/service_ghg.htm

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KOPERNICUS PREVIEW

Turquie

Grèce

ESONET European Sea Observatory Network of Excellence

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EMSO European Multidisciplinary Seafloor Observatory (listedIn the European strategy forum on Research Infrastructure ESFRI)

LIGURIAN SITE

Mais aussi

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ET EN FRANCE ?

Services d’Observation de l’INSU

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Observatoires de Recherche en Environnement (ORE)

Atmosphere : 9 SO

Ocean : 5 SO

SIC : 6 SO

Terre : 8 SO

+ 2 sites nationaux d’observation

ET EN FRANCE ?

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BEAM : Biophysicochimie de l'Eau Atmosphérique et Modifications anthropiques

CESOA : Cycle atmosphérique du soufre en relation avec le climat aux moyennes et hautes latitudes Sud

GLACIOCLIM : Les glaciers un observateur du climat

NDSC France : Réseau d'observation des changements de la stratosphère et notamment de l'ozone

IDAF: Les glaciers un observateur du climat

MOZAIC : Measurements of OZone and water vapour by in-service AIrbus airCraft

ORA/photon : Observatoire de Recherche sur les AérosolsPAES: Pollution Atmosphérique à l'Echelle Synoptique

RAMCES: Réseau Atmosphérique de Mesure des Composés à Effet de Serre

ET EN FRANCE ?

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French Observatories

OISO : Océan Indien Service d'Observation / CARbon AUStral

SOMLIT : Service d’observation du milieu littoral

ROSAME : Réseau d'Observation Sub-antarctique et Antarctique du niveau de la MEr

SSS: Service d'observation de la salinité des océans, Sea Surface Salinity

PIRATA : PIlot Research moored Array in the Tropical Atlantic

Réseaux de surveillance de l’IFREMER

RNO, REPHY, REMI, RSL, RINBIO, surveillance malaïgue

MOOSE : Mediterranean Ocean Observation multi-Sites on Environment

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French Observatories

AMMA-CATCH : Observatoire de la variabilité climatique Tropicale et de son impact hydrologique en Afrique de l'OuestBVET : Fonctionnement hydrogéochimique de Bassins Versants Expérimentaux en milieu granitique Tropical

OHMCV : Observatoire Hydro-Météorologique méditerranéen Cévennes-Vivarais

H+: Réseau national de sites hydrogéologiques

HYBAM : HYdrologie et Biogéochimie de l'AMazone

OSR : Observatoire régional sur les surfaces et interfaces continentales

+ ….

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French Observatories

RAP : Réseau accélérométrique permanent

Renag : Réseau national des stations GPS permanentes

Renass: réseau national de surveillance sismique

+ site ligure de EMSO, …

SO en Géodésie Gravimétrie

SO magnétisme

SO sismologie

SO volcanologie

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QUESTIONS?

Quel est le degré exact de l’implication des observatoires francais pertinent pour l’observation de la région méditerranéenne dans le dispositif Européen actuel.

Forte Dissymétrie Europe – Afrique Moyen Orient de la densité des Observations de terrain Air Terre Mer

Quels efforts sont à fournir pour faire mieux.

Quel est le degré d’intégration air/terre/mer et air-terre-merpour les observations françaises de la région méditerranéenne

Niveau national

Niveau européen

Niveau pan-méditerranéen

en liaison avec les chantiers: ce dispositif est il suffisant, à modifierà compléter dans une perspective post-chantier?