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1 -gera:6785/di/ra ACUPUNCTURE ANAESTHESIA: A REVIEW.

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SMALL TJ. american journal of acupuncture.1974,2(3), 147-3. (eng). réf:33

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1 1- gera: 70286/di/ra INICIACION A LA PRACTICA DE LA ELECTROACUPUNTURA. HOYOS A. medicina holistica. ;55:7-15 (esp). 2- gera: 72674/di/ra INICIACION A LA PRACTICA DE LA ELECTOACUPUNTURA. HOYOS ANDRES. medicina holistica. ;55:7-5 (esp). 3- gera: 28429/nd/tt GRUNDLAGEN DER ELEKTROAKUPUNKTURNACH VOLL. LEONHARDT H. medizinisch literarische verlagsgesellschaft mbh, uelzen. 0;:368P (deu). 4- gera: 28425/nd/tt 1. SUPPLEMENTBAND. ZUM VIERBANDIGEN WERK "TOPOGRAPHISCHE LAGE DER MEBPUNKTE DER ELEKTROAKUPUKTUR". VOLL R. medizinisch literarische verlagsgesellschaft mbh, uelzen. 0;:48P (deu). 5- gera: 28426/nd/tt KOPFHERDE. DIAGNOSTIK UND THERAPIE MITTELS ELEKTROAKUPUNKTUR UND MEDIKAMENTENTESTUNG. VOLL R. medizinisch literarische verlagsgesellschaft mbh, uelzen. 0;:296P (deu). 6- gera: 28267/nd/tt MEMORIA SULL'AGO-PUNTURA. BOZETTI S. milano. 1820;: (ita). 7- gera: 28520/di/tt LETTRES MEDICALES SUR LA GALVANOPUNCTURE ET L'ACUPUNCTURE. CAZALIS F. imprimerie de ricard freres, montpellier. 1846;:16P (fra). Comporte la traduction française de deux lettres publiées dans la Gazetta medica di Milano (Restelli ref [95768] et Namias ref [9921]. 8- gera: 95769/nd/re [GALVANO-PUNCTURE]. PETREQUIN. gazetta medica di milano. 1846;29: (fra). 9- gera: 95768// [GALVANO-PUNCTURE]. RESTELLI A. gazetta medica di milano. 1946;8 AOUT: (). Voir traduction française dans Cazalis ref gera [28520]. 10- gera: 95612/di/re DE L'ACUPUNCTURE SANS AIGUILLES. X. science et vie. 1953;432:253. (fra). Original en bibliothèque. 11- gera: 18977/di/ra GALVANOPUNCTURE (tribune libre). X. bulletin de la societe d'acupuncture. 1958;28-47-8: (fra). 12- gera: 18990/di/ra INDICATIONS THERAPEUTIQUES DE LA GALVANOPUNCTURE. KHOUVESSERIAN ET AL. bulletin de la societe d'acupuncture. 1959;31:43 (fra). 13- gera: 28488/nd/tt ELEKTROAKUPUNKTUR NACH VOLL. GRUNDLAGEN DER GEZIELTEN MESENCHYMENTSCHLACKUNG DURCH NOSODEN-THERAPIE ; EINE VORTRAGSREIHE. KOLLMER EP. haug, ulm-donau. 1962;:219P (deu).

14- gera: 21462/di/ra RECHERCHE SUR L'ACUPUNCTURE ET LA MEDECINE ELECTRONIQUE. CINTRAT M. bulletin de la societe d'acupuncture. 1964;52:23-46 (fra). 15- gera: 21469/di/ra STUDIO SULLA GALVANOPUNTURA. LANZA ET AL. rivista italiana di agopuntura. 1968;1(1):11-3 (ita). 16- gera: 9181/di/ra ["PUNCTUNIT", PUNCTOMETRE LANZA-GRENIER]. LANZA U. rivista italiana di agopuntura. 1968;1(2):31-5 (ita). 17- gera: 9187/di/ra [ETUDE SUR LA GALVANOPUNCTURE]. LANZA U. rivista italiana di agopuntura. 1968;1(2):27-30 (ita). 18- gera: 21474/di/ra STUDIO SULLA GALVANOPUNTURA. LANZA U. rivista italiana di agopuntura. 1969;2(3):17-19 (ita). 19- gera: 9167/di/ra LE PUNKTUNIT BETA. LANZAU ET AL. nouvelle revue internationale d'acupuncture. 1969;12:151 (fra). 20- gera: 21505/di/ AGOPUNTURA ELECTTRONICA. LANZA U. rivista italiana di agopuntura. 1972;13:15-36 (ita). 21- gera: 9174/di/ra [TRAITEMENT PAR AIGUILLE IONIQUE (POTENTIEL NEGATIF ELECTRO-STATIQUE)]. NAGAYAM K ET AL. journal of the kyoto pain control institute. 1972;5(2):149-33 (eng). 22- gera: 28578/nd/tt A GUIDE FOR APPLICATION OF RYODORAKU AUTONOMOUS NERVE REGULATING THERAPY. NAKATANI YOSHIO. chan's books, alhambra. 1972;:25P (eng). 23- gera: 21506/di/ ELETTROBIOLOGIA MODERNA. RENATO DE LUCA ET AL. rivista italiana di agopuntura. 1972;13:37-9 (ita). 24- gera: 6345/di/re ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE : EFFECT ON PAIN THRESHOLD MEASURED WITH ELECTRICAL STIMULATION OF TEETH. ANDERSSON SA ET AL. brain research. 1973;63:393-6 (eng). Etude de l'effet de l'acupuncture sur le seuil de la douleur dentaire induit par stimulation électrique. Etude de l'électro-acupuncture chez 18 volontaires : on obtient une élévation du seuil de la douleur maximum après 30 minutes. Un résultat similaire est obtenu chez 12 volontaires avec de simples électrodes de surface sans aiguille. Une étude psychologique montre que le résultat est meilleur chez les sujets les moins suggestibles; ceci semble écarter la suggestion comme mécanisme d'action. 25- gera: 9203/di/ra [ANALYSE D'UN STIMULATEUR ELECTRONIQUE FABRIQUE EN CHINE]. BABICH AM. american journal of chinese medicine. 1973;1(2):341-50 (eng). 26- gera: 6351/di/re [ANALGESIE LOCALE PAR STIMULATION ELECTRIQUE PERCUTANEE]. CAMPBELL JN ET AL. archives of

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2 neurology. 1973;28:347-50 (eng). Etude du seuil de la sensibilité tactile et de la douleur du doigt chez 11 sujets avec une stimulation électrique du nerf digital à une intensité variable de 10 à 12 v, 22 v ou 50 v. Les résultats suggèrent que l'analgésie résulte d'un blocage périphérique des fibres A delta. 27- gera: 9162/di/ra [DESCRIPTION ET CONSTRUCTION D'UN APPAREIL SIMPLE DE TRAITEMENT PAR ACUPUNCTURE]. CHAN PC. american journal of acupuncture. 1973;1(4):210-4 (eng). 28- gera: 9175/di/ra [ETUDE SUR L'AIGUILLE IONIQUE. 5) EFFET SUR LA GERMINATION ET LA CROISSANCE DES PLANTES DE L'ACUPUNCTURE, L'ELECTRICITE STATIQUE *]. MASAMICHI HIMOTO ET AL. journal of the kyoto pain control institute. 1973;6(3):200-205 (eng). 1) Une stimulation globale par électricité statique donne des résultats inférieurs à une stimulation locale (électrification ponctuelle de la graine au niveau de la racine de germination). 2) L'acupuncture donne les meilleurs résultats (moxa en batonnet ou aiguille avec technique d'enfoncement-retrait). 29- gera: 6751/di/tt L'ANESTHESIE PAR ACUPUNCTURE. NIBOYET JEH. maisonneuve,ste ruffine. 1973;:430P (fra). 1) Caractéristiques et mise en évidence de l'analgésie par acupuncture. 2) Inconvénients et avantages, indications et contre-indications. 3) Technique de l'analgésie acupuncturale. 4) Traitement préopératoire. 5) L'énergie électrique en acupuncture, analyse d'appareils électriques de fabrication chinoise utilisés pour l'analgésie acupuncturale. 6) Nos essais d'analgésie acupuncturale en Europe. 30- gera: 28033/di/tt MEMOIRE SUR L'ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE, LE MOXA ET L'ACUPUNCTURE. SARLANDIERES. editions de la source d'or, marsat. 1973;:150P (fra). Reproduction du traité de 1825 avec préface de De Tymowski. 31- gera: 9210/di/ra ETUDE D'UN APPAREIL ELECTRONIQUE CHINOIS DE STIMULATION PULSEE UTILISE EN ANALGESIE PAR ACUPUNCTURE LE 626-1. TYMOSVKY JC ET AL. acupuncture. 1973;37:33-5 (fra). 32- gera: 9161/di/ra [ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE AU JAPON]. X. american journal of acupuncture. 1973;1(1):37-8 (eng). Note sur le développement de l'électro-acupuncture à propos du 5ème congrés mondial d'anesthésiologie à 33- gera: 111153/di/re LES B52 AU SERVICE DE L'ANESTHESIE, X. mp. 1973; fevrier:133 ( *). 34- gera: 28031//tt ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE. ITS CLINICAL APPLICATION IN THERAPY. CHAN P. chan's corporation, monterey park. 1974;:118P (eng). 35- gera: 6761/di/ra EXPERIENCES CLINIQUES D'ANALGESIE PAR ACUPUNCTURE DU DEPARTEMENT D'ANESTHESIOLOGIE DU CENTRE CHIRURGICAL DE L'UNIVERSITE JUSTUS *. HERGET ET AL. mensuel du medecin acupuncteur. 1974;14:133-8 (fra). Pendant près de deux ans nous avons procédé à des essais d'analgésie par acupuncture, au cours desquels nous avons expérimenté d'une part les différentes positions d'aiguilles en vue d'opérations en stomatologie, chirurgie générale et urologie, et, d'autre part, nous nous sommes livrés à des

essais de stimulations par courants électriques de types et d'intensité différents. Les résultats obtenus ont fait l'objet d'une communication au Congrès d'Anesthésie de Linz en septembre 1973. Nous avons ensuite commencé systématiquement l'analgésie par acupuncture en octobre 1973 à la clinique de Giessen. Dans la période du 8 avril au 8 octobre 1974, nous avons effectué 76 analgésies par acupuncture, pratiquement toutes en vue d'interventions chirurgicales importantes qui ont été : 52 opérations à "coeur ouvert", 20 opérations urologiques, 4 opérations difficiles de chirurgie générale. L'analgésie par acupuncture que nous pratiquons se différencie par des points essentiels de la méthode originale chinoise et représente, comme on le verra plus loin, une combinaison de la narcose par intubation moderne et de l'analgésie par acupuncture avec la possibilité de respiration spontanée, assistée et contrôlée. Le procédé d'anesthésie que nous avons développé permet une relaxation musculaire suffisante pour qu'il n'y ait pas de contre-indication pour les opérations abdominales. L'acupuncture remplace ici très bien les anesthésiques classiques, tout en conservant les avantages de l'intubation, de la relaxation et de la respiration. 36- gera: 9171/di/ra [ETUDE SUR L'AIGUILLE IONIQUE. 7) PROGRES DANS L'ETUDE CLINIQUE]. KUNZO NAGAYAMA ET AL. journal of the kyoto pain control institute. 1974;7(1):28-33 (eng). 37- gera: 6388/di/re ACUPUNCTURE ANALGESIA IN ANIMALS : I. SELECTION OF OPTIMAL ELECTRIC STIMULATION. MATSUMOTO T ET AL. american surgeon. 1974;40(10):558-63 (eng). Acupuncture analgesia was produced in rabbits. The best results were obtained with 200 microamperes, sine wave and 10,000 cycle per second applied to a needle inserted in the second interdigital space of the upper paw when cathodal level was connected to the rabbit at its thigh. 38- gera: 9179/di/ra [ETUDE DE EFFICACITE CLINIQUE DU TRAITEMENT UTILISANT DES CHARGES ELECTRIQUES A POTENTIEL NEGATIF]. NAGAYAMA K ET AL. journal of the kyoto pain control institute. 1974;7(2):22-37 (eng). 39- gera: 6381/di/ra [AURICULOTHERAPIE : APPLICATION DE MICRO-COURANT SUR L'OREILLE EXTERNE, ANALYSE CLINIQUE D'UNE ETUDE PILOTE SUR 57 CAS DE *]. SAE IL CHUN ET AL. american journal of chinese medicine. 1974;2(4):399-405 (eng). Utilisation du punctoscope avec micro-courant 1Hz durant 15 secondes à chaque point, une séance par semaine. Après une moyenne de 7 séances on observe une amélioration supérieure 75 % dans plus de la moitié des cas. 40- gera: 2613/nd/re [RESULTATS OBTENUS EN CLINIQUE AVEC L'ANESTHESIE PAR ACUPUNCTURE]. SANO S. japanese journal of anesthesiology. 1974;23(2):147 (jap). Comparaison de la stimulation par onde rectangulaire et onde pointue. Cette dernière forme de courant assure une bonne analgésie dans 80 % des cas et est dépourvu d'effets secondaires. 41- gera: 21514/di/ TERAPIA ELETTRO-AGOPUNTURALE. SUSSMAN DJ. rivista italiana di agopuntura. 1974;18:25-9 (ita). 42- gera: 9180/di/ra [ETUDE DE BASE SUR LA CORROSION DE L'AIGUILLE DURANT L'ELECTRIFICATION]. TAKATSUKA E ET AL. journal of the kyoto pain control institute. 1974;7(2):9-15 (eng). 43- gera: 9170/di/ra [DISCUSSION SUR L'ASPECT DE L'ONDE DES

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3 STIMULATEURS ELECTRIQUES POUR TRAITEMENT ACUPUNCTURAL]. TAKESHI S ET AL. journal of the kyoto pain control institute. 1974;7(3):212-19 (eng). Comparaison de l'onde électrique de 3 appareils chinois (BT701, D262, et G6805) et de 4 appareils japonais. 44- gera: 17809/di/ra ON ACUPUNCTURE ANALGESIA AND THE MECHANISM OF PAIN. ANDERSSON SA ET AL. american journal of chinese medicine. 1975;3(4):311-34 (eng). The effect on the experimental tooth pain threshold of conditioning electrical stimulation via needles tar surface electrodes applied to the hands and cheeks was studied in 34 dental students. Conditioning stimulation with 2/sec. gave a slowly increasing pain threshold followed by a slow return to the control level its the past-conditioning period. In each individual the amplitude of the threshold increase was reproduceable. It was concluded that these effects are not due to motivational but to more basic neurorphysiological mechanisms. The pain threshold was increased mainly by segmental conditioning stimulation; segmentally unrelated stimulation gave usually only small effects. Conditioning stimulation with 100/sec. produced only a strict segmental short-lasting effect. Effects with characteristis of both 2/sec. and l00/sec were obtained by conditioning at 10/sec. It is suggested that the transmission of impulses from the pain afferents to ascending patways is controlled at the segmental level by (a) presynaptic inhibition within the group of afferents giving rise to the flexion reflex of which the pain afferents are assumed to be a part; (b) postsynaptic inhibition between alternate pathways excited by flexion reflex afterents; and (c) descending control from supra- spinal systems which may utilize similar segmental mechanisms as the primary afferents. 45- gera: 9207/di/ra ACTION DES MICRO-ENERGIES ELECTRIQUES IMPULSIONNELLES SUR LES POINTS CHINOIS. CANTONI ET AL. meridiens. 1975;31-32:61-72 (fra*). 46- gera: 9206/di/ra LES STIMULATEURS. CANTONI G ET AL. meridiens. 1975;29-30:77-85 (fra*). 47- gera: 9159/di/ra [PROGRESSION HARMONIQUE EXPONENTIELLE ET STIMULATION PAR FREQUENCES SIMULTANEES]. FRAZEE JS. american journal of acupuncture. 1975;3(4):315-24 (eng). En clinique, la fréquence de stimulation est plus importante que l'aspect de l'onde ou l'intensité. Utilisation d'un appareil avec 12 fréquences présélectionnées en progression harmonique de 1Hz à 2048Hz. Les 6 fréquences basses sont utilisées au niveau somatique et les 6 féquences hautes au niveau auriculaire et du scalp. 48- gera: 18303/di/ra INCREASE OF PAIN THRESHOLD AS A FUNCTION OF CONDITIONING ELECTRICAL STIMULATION : AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY WITH APPLICATION TO ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE FOR PAIN SUPPRESSION. HOLMGREN E. american journal of chinese medicine. 1975;3(2):133-42 (eng). Previous studies hive shown that 2 Hz electrical conditioning stimulation of hands and cheeks increased the tooth pain threshold. In the present study the relation between strength of conditioning stimulation and amplitude of pain threshold increase is elucidated. Intense conditioning stimulation, giving subjective beating sensations and extensive muscles twitches, is required to obtain a substantial pain threshold increase. The results are discussed in relation to intensities used in electroacupuncture and to interindividual variation of the effect. It is suggested that pain relief is obtained due to an inhibitory feed-back mechanism activated, not via low threshold afferents but via high threshold afferents. 49- gera: 9200/nd/re [ACUPUNCTURE ELECTRIQUE OU ELECTRO-

STIMULATION]. KAHM J. journal phys therm. 1975;55(12):1359 (eng). 50- gera: 6409/di/ra [BASES PHYSIQUES DE L'ELECTRO-STIMULATION DANS LES ANALGESIES ACUPUNCTURALES]. KALWEIT U. akupunktur. 1975;4:163 (deu). 51- gera: 9238/di/ra ["LA RECHERCHE DU DRAGON" UNE NOUVELLE TECHNIQUE POUR LA RECHERCHE ET LA STIMULATION DES POINTS]. KASLOW AL. american journal of acupuncture. 1975;2:157 (eng). 52- gera: 9150/di/ra [L'ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE, PROGRES ET EFFICACITE]. LOWENSCHUSS O. american journal of acupuncture. 1975;3(4):347-51 (eng). L'électro-acupuncture est devenue très populaire en occident, son origine est attribuée habituellement à Nakatani en 1950, mais remonte en fait à 150 ans. Il existe une relation entre les points d'acupuncture et les points moteurs où existe une haute excitabilité musculaire. L'efficacité de l'acupuncture peut être liée à des structures. Résultats de l'électro-acupuncture sur 3116 patients. 53- gera: 28889/di/tt RYODORAKU TREATMENT. AN OBJECTIVE APPROACH TO ACUPUNCTURE. MASAYOSHI HYODO. japan ryodoraku autonomic nerve society,osaka. 1975;:140P (eng). This is a book designed for Western medical practitioners interested in implementing ryodoraku therapy in their clinics. It begins with a brief overview of "ancient" acupuncture, then presents ryodoraku (literally "good electroconductive lines") as the first objective and scientific presentation of acutherapy, based on an interpretation of it as an autonomic nervous system stimulator. Included are treatment summaries for 52 Western medical conditions and drawings of the 14 primary channels. [Redwing Reviews, June, 1995]. 54- gera: 18776/di/ra ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE : ITS ELECTRO-PHYSIOLOGICAL BASIS AND CRITERIA FOR EFFECTIVENESS AND SAFETY, PART I. OMURA Y. acupuncture and electrotherapeutics research. 1975;1(1-4):157-81 (eng). 55- gera: 9208/di/ra LES STIMULATEURS POUR ANALGESIE. PONTIGNY. meridiens. 1975;31-32:73-80 (fra*). 56- gera: 9166/di/ra [TRANSFORMATION D'APPAREILS COURANTS DANS LES CABINETS MEDICAUX EN STIMULATEUR ACUPUNCTURAL]. ROSENBERG RP. american journal of acupuncture. 1975;3(1):39-42 (eng). L'auteur se sert de la batterie d'un otoscope pour stimuler les points d'acupuncture. Mise en place de clips et d'utilisation du rhéostat de variation de lumière. 57- gera: 9194/nd/re [EXPERIMENT STUDIES ON ELECTRIC ACUPUNCTURE THERAPY. (2) PULSE AMPLITUDE OF THE ELECTRIC CURRENT]. SAWA T. japanese journal of anesthesiology. 1975;24(8):805-11 (eng). 58- gera: 6814/di/ra [L'ANESTHESIE PAR ACUPUNCTURE : UNE METHODE ANESTHESIQUE COMBINANT LA MEDECINE TRADITIONNELLE CHINOISE ET LA MEDECINE OCCIDENTALE]. SHANGHAI ACUPUNCTURE ANESTHESIA *. chinese medical journal. 1975;1(1):13-27

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4 (eng). Revue générale sur la méthode : 1) Technique : préparation, choix des points, stimulation, médications adjuvantes. 2) Résultats dans 10 types d'intervention. 3) Facteurs influençant l'efficacité de l'analgésie : le choix des points, l'intensité de stimulation, les variations individuelles, l'adaptation du chirurgien et du patient aux nécessités de l'analgésie par acupuncture. 4) Avantages et problèmes de l'analgésie par acupuncture. 5) Recherches préliminaires sur le mécanisme d'action. 59- gera: 9188/di/ra [THERAPEUTIQUE ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURALE]. SUSSMAN D. rivista italiana di agopuntura. 1975;21:57-62 (ita). 60- gera: 18055/di/ra UTILISATION THERAPEUTIQUE DE L'ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE. SUSSMAN DJ. mensuel du medecin acupuncteur. 1975;19:339-42 (fra). 61- gera: 9197/nd/re [EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON ELECTRIC ACUPUNCTURE THERAPY. (1) ELECTROLYTIC CORRISION OF THE NEEDLE BY POSITIVE ELECTRIC CURRENT]. TAKATSUKA E. japanese journal of anesthesiology. 1975;24(8):799-804 (eng). 62- gera: 9172/di/ra [ETUDE SUR LE TRAITEMENT PAR ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE. 2) DUREE DE L'ONDE]. TANEOMI YOSHIDA ET AL. journal of the kyoto pain control institute. 1975;8(1):2-11 (eng). Il n'y a pas de différence d'action entre une onde de 5 m/s et une de 80 m/s. La stimulation acupuncturale est produite par le début de l'onde. 63- gera: 9168/di/ra [20 ANS D'ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE EN UTILISANT DES COURANTS A BASSE FREQUENCE]. VOLL R. american journal of acupuncture. 1975;3(4):291-314 (eng). Description de la technique d'électro-acupuncture sans aiguille développée par Voll. Utilisation de courants de basse fréquence à fréquence variable de 0,8 à 10 Hz. Les basses fréquences sont utilisées pour une action sur le sang et la lymphe, les moyennes fréquences pour une action sur les systèmes nerveux central, périphérique ou autonome et les hautes fréquences sur les organes. 64- gera: 9098/di/ra [ELECTROACUPUNCTURE AU NIVEAU DES NERFS]. X. contemporary research in chinese acupuncture. 1975;7:314-330 (eng). 65- gera: 9154/di/ra [ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE CUTANEE ET TRANSCUTANEE]. BRANDWEIN A ET AL. american journal of acupuncture. 1976;4(2):161-4 (eng). L'électro-stimulation sur aiguille donne de meilleurs résultats que sur électrode de surface en analgésie dentaire. 66- gera: 18784/di/ra EVALUATION OF CLINICAL ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE INSTRUMENTS. CHAN P ET AL. acupuncture and electrotherapeutics research. 1976;2(1-2):127-28 (eng). 67- gera: 18091/di/ra CONTRIBUTION A L'ELEVATION OBJECTIVE DE L'ACUPUNCTURE. KAMPIK G. mensuel du medecin acupuncteur. 1976;28:303-8 (fra). 68- gera: 14411/di/ra ACUPUNCTURE AND TRANSCUTANEOUS ELECTRIC

STIMULATION IN THE TREATMENT OF CHRONIC SACROLUMBALGIA AND ISCHIALGIA. LAITINEN J. american journal of chinese medicine. 1976;4(2):169-75 (eng). A comparison was made between 50 patients treated with acupuncture and 50 patients treated with transcutaneous electric stimulation. All patients suffered from chronic sacrolumbalgia or ischialgia of more than six months' duration. Two to10 treatments were given at weekly sessions, the mean being 5 in both groups. Stimulation points were selected by the same principle in both groups : one point along the course of the nerve trunk affected, and one point at a dermatome proximal to the affected segments. The stimulation was given bilaterally. Needles were inserted as deep as the muscular layer and twirled at 5 min intervals. In the electric stimulation square-wave impulses of 1.0 msec duration and 50 Hz frequency were used. The electrodes were 0.9 cm in diameter. Each acupuncture and electric stimulation was of 20 min duration. Pain relief was complete or moderate in the acupuncture group in 58% of the cases, and in 46% in the electric stimulation group. After 2 months 30 patients in the acupuncture group and 23 patients in the electric stimulation group still reported satisfactory relief of pain. After 6 months 15 patients in the acupuncture group and 10 patients in the electric 69- gera: 29858/nd/tt ACUPUNTURA Y ELECTROACUPUNTURA SEGUN VOLL. LEONHARDT H. medizinisch literarische verlagsgesellschaft mbh,uelzen. 1976;:24P (esp). 70- gera: 18785/di/ra THE ELECTRO-PHYSIOLOGICAL BASIS OF ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE AND CRITERIA FOR EFFECTIVENESS AND SAFETY. OMURA Y. acupuncture and electrotherapeutics research. 1976;2(1-2):129-35 (eng). 71- gera: 9209/di/ra ELECTRO-STIMULATION, DIELECTROLYSE ET ACUPUNCTURE. PONTIGNY J. meridiens. 1976;33-34:97-112 (fra*). 72- gera: 9191/nd/re [EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON ELECTRIC ACUPUNCTURE THERAPY. (3) EFFECT OF POLARITY ON ELECTRIC NEEDLE STIMULATION]. SAWA T ET AL. japanese journal of anesthesiology. 1976;25(1):25-8 (jap). La polarité n'affecte pas l'effet thérapeutique. 73- gera: 17243/nd/re [EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON ELECTRIC ACUPUNCTURE THERAPY. (4) STUDIES OF THE SPIKE WAVE]. SAWA T ET AL. jpn j anesthesiol. 1976;25(4):378-85 (jap). 74- gera: 9195/nd/re UBER DIE ANWENDUNG ELEKTRISCHER STIMULATIONSTROME BEI OPERATIONEN. KONZEPT EINER KLINISCH VERWENDBAREN NORDNUNG. THOMA H. anaesthesist. 1976;25(5):239-45 (deu). [ON THE APPLICATION OF ELECTRIC STIMULATION CURRENTS IN OPERATIONS. CONCEPT OF A CLINICALLY APPLICABLE DEVICE]. With the use of high voltage electric currents in patients who initially have been anaesthetised, the anaesthesiologist faces new aspects. For this reason basic principles of physical medicine and medical engineering with respect to special problems are described. The majority of impulses current generators used so far do not even comply with the first principal requirement of any therapy namely knowledge of the dose of the agent applied. A system for electric currents crossing the body is outlined, which is characterized by constant current and isovoltage-free outlets in connection with a special ECG- amplifier and a control pattern. This apparatus for the first time guarantees maximal safety in clinical use. First animal experiments demonstrate the

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5 possibility of the risk if this method is applied in a inexperienced manner : in all animals ventricular fibrillation could be achieved when the electrodes were used in a position near the heart and there appeared to occur nonspecific reactions when current was directed through the brain (ear acupuncture). 75- gera: 29844/nd/tt TOPOGRAFIA DE LOS PUNTOS DE MEDICION DE LA ELECTROACUPUNTURA. ATLAS I. VOLL R. medizinisch literarische verlagsgesellschaft mbh,uelzen. 1976;:160P (esp). 76- gera: 6466/di/ra ANALGESIC EFFECTS OF PERIPHERAL CONDITIONING STIMULATION. 1.GENERAL PAIN THRESHOLD EFFECTS ON HUMAN TEETH AND A CORRELATION TO PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS. ANDERSSON SA. acupuncture and electrotherapeutics research. 1977;2(3-4):3O7-22 (eng). Un groupe de sujets volontaires reçoit une stimulation électrique conditionnante (électro-acupuncture) délivrée à une fréquence de 2/sec à travers des aiguilles ou des électrodes de surface au niveau des joues et des mains. L'effet sur le seuil de la sensibilité douloureuse est apprécié grâce à des chocs de courant constant appliqués au niveau des dents des mâchoires supérieure et inférieure. Le seuil à la douleur a augmenté progressivement pendant les premières 15-30 minutes de la stimulation conditionnante chez 27 sujets sur 30 et une diminution progressive du seuil apparaît à la fin de la stimulation. L'évolution de cet effet est identique chez tous les sujets positifs mais l'augmentation du seuil varie considérablement entre individus. Chez chaque sujet, l'augmentation du seuil est identique pour toutes les dents testées des mâchoires supérieure et inférieure. Les effets obtenus avec des aiguilles ou des électrodes de surface sont identiques. Une corrélation entre certains traits de personnalité, établis par interrogatoire, et le degré d'augmentation du seuil a été réalisée. Aucune corrélation n'est apparue avec les traits de caractère choisis dans ce travail : degré d'hystérie, psychasthénie, extra et introversion et personnalité névrotique. L'augmentation du seuil à la sensibilité douloureuse observé au cours de stimulations conditionnantes à basse fréquence doit, en conséquence, être attribuée à des mécanismes physiologiques de base qui nécessitent des recherches supplémentaires. 77- gera: 6465/di/ra ANALGESIC EFFECTS OF PERIPHERAL CONDITIONING STIMULATION- II. IMPORTANCE OF CERTAIN STIMULATION PARAMETERS. ANDERSSON SA ET AL. acupuncture and electrotherapeutics research. 1977;2(3-4):237-46 (eng). Les effets sur le seuil de la sensibilité à la douleur dentaire décrits précédemment dépendent de certains paramètres de la stimulation conditionnante. Pour produire une élévation du seuil, il faut utiliser une stimulation intense à basse fréquence (2/sec) qui entraîne de fortes sensations de battements et de puissantes contractions musculaires. Les faibles intensités ne modifient pas le seuil. Au cours de sessions répétées, les sujets s'habituent aux sensations de stimulations fortes et acceptent des intensités plus élevées qui entraine une augmentation plus importante du seuil. Pour une même intensité conditionnante, les effets sur le seuil sont reproductibles. L'élévation du seuil est liée à la localisation de la stimulation conditionnante. La stimulations des joues élève le seuil pour les dents, des machoires supérieure et inférieure alors que la stimulation des mains provoque une élévation du seuil de façon exceptionnelle, bien qu'elle retarde la diminution de l'élévation du seuil obtenue par stimulation des joues. Des expériences réalisées en cours de traitement dentaire, fraisage des dents incluses 78- gera: 9204/nd/th L'ANALGESIE ELECTRIQUE TRANSCUTANEE (REVUE DE LITTERATURE). GUILMART J. these medecine,lyon. 1977;: (fra).

79- gera: 6838/di/ra [CONDITIONS PRELIMINAIRES ET PARAMETRES POUR L'EFFICACITE DE L'ANALGESIE ACUPUNCTURALE PAR ELECTROSTIMULATION]. KALWEILT K. akupunktur. 1977;1:30 (deu). 80- gera: 28424/nd/tt GRUNDLAGEN DER ELEKTROAKUPUNKTUR NACH VOLL. LEONHARDT H. medizinisch literarische verlagsgesellschaft mbh, uelzen. 1977;:368P (deu). 81- gera: 29859/nd/tt L'ACUPUNCTURE CLASSIQUE ET L'ELECTROACUPUNCTURE D'APRES VOLL. LEONHARDT H. medizinisch literarische verlagsgesellschaft mbh,uelzen. 1977;:24P (fra). 82- gera: 6858/di/ra ELECTROANESTHESIE ET ACUPUNCTURE. MARY M. meridiens. 1977;39-40:63-71 (fra*). Electroanesthésie occidentale et son intérêt pour l'acupuncteur : emplacement des électrodes, anodes et cathodes, types et fréquence du courant. 83- gera: 9173/di/ra [LE STIMULATEUR TOKKI (RK-7198)]. NAKAZONO TAKESHI ET AL. journal of the kyoto pain control institute. 1977;10(2):89-92 (eng). 84- gera: 5371/di/ra AVENIR DES EQUIPEMENTS ELECTRONIQUES EN MEDECINE EXTREME-ORIENTALE. PONTIGNY J. meridiens. 1977;39-40:35-61 (fra*). 85- gera: 18099/di/ra RELIEF OF EXPERIMENTALLY-INDUCED PAIN BY STIMULATION AT ACUPUNCTURE LOCI : A REVIEW. REICHMANIS M ET AL. comparative medicine east and west. 1977;5(3-4):281-8 (eng). Revue de 24 études. Un résultat négatif ou équivoque est rapporté dans 7. Les 17 autres études montrent un effet analgésique significatif après stimulation manuelle ou électrique (particulièrement avec basses fréquences 2 Hz). De nombreux chercheurs montrent que l'éffet analgésique n'est obtenu qu'au bout de 20 minutes. 86- gera: 9152/di/ra [ACUPUNCTURE ELECTRIQUE TRANSCUTANEE EN PRATIQUE PRIVEE]. STERESCU LE. american journal of acupuncture. 1977;5(2):155-8 (eng). Utilisation d'un petit stimulateur électrique dont les électrodes sont appliquées 2 minutes sur chaque points. Rapport de 6 cas. 87- gera: 9153/di/ra [TRAITEMENT PAR STIMULATION ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURALE]. TANY M. american journal of acupuncture. 1977;5(4):315-22 (eng). Aspect de l'onde, intensité et rythme de stimulation, applications cliniques dans les vides ou plénitudes des 88- gera: 9183/di/cg L'ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE. VITIELLO A. conferences d'acupuncture,gera,toulon. 1977;:63-7 (fra). Courants et appareils utilisés, actions du passage du courant, techniques d'utilisation et indications. 89- gera: 18491/di/ra AUTOMATED APPROACH TO MERIDIAN BALANCING AND ELECTROACUPUNCTURE INSTRUMENTATION. WING TW. american journal of acupuncture. 1977;5(3):261-9 (eng).

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6 90- gera: 6482/di/ra ANALGESIC EFFECTS OF PERIPHERAL CONDITIONING STIMULATION. III. EFFECT OF HIGH FREQUENCY STIMULATION : SEGMENTAL MECHANISMS INTERACTING WITH PAIN. ANDERSSON SA ET AL. acupuncture and electrotherapeutics research. 1978;3(1-2):23-36 (eng). 91- gera: 29856/nd/tt EIN WIRKSAMKEITSNACHWEIS HOMÖOPATHISCHER MEDIKAMENTE AM BEISPIEL DER NOSODEN. EINE REGELPHYSIOLOGISCHE STUDIE IM TESTGANG DER EAV. BEISCH K ET BLOESS D. medizinisch literarische verlagsgesellschaft mbh,uelzen. 1978;:92P (deu). 92- gera: 9182/di/ra ON THE FREQUENCY CONTENT OF SINGLE PULSES AND PERIODIC WAVES. BORRMANN RJ. acupuncture and electrotherapeutics research. 1978;3(3-4):283-31 (eng). Bases électro-physiologiques, critères d'efficacité et analyse mathématique de l'électro-acupuncture. 93- gera: 9184/di/ra [APPAREIL D'ACUPUNCTURE POUR LOCALISATION DU POINT, ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE ET ANALGESIE TRANSCUTANEE]. CRACIUN T ET AL. american journal of acupuncture. 1978;6(3):229-33 (eng). 94- gera: 9176/di/ra [STIMULATION NERVEUSE TRANSCUTANEE, ACUPUNCTURE ET COURANT LESIONNEL]. GUNN CC. american journal of acupuncture. 1978;6(3):191-6 (eng). En cas de stimulation nerveuse transcutanée, la source de courant est exogène, alors qu'en cas d'acupuncture elle est endogène (courant de lésion). 95- gera: 6488/di/re [ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE : RELATION ENTRE INTENSITE ET DUREE DU COURANT POUR L'INDUCTION D'UNE HYPOESTHESIE CHEZ L'HOMME]. ISHIKO N ET AL. neuroscience letters. 1978;8:273-6 (eng). Etude de l'effet analgésique produit par l'électro-stimulation du 4GI. Il existe une relation hyperbolique entre la durée du stimuli (T sec) nécessaire pour provoquer une hypoesthésie et l'intensité du courant (I mA) : I= 0.11 + 96- gera: 9193/nd/re [ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE : RELATION ENTRE L'INTENSITE ET DUREE DU COURANT ET L'INDUCTION DE L'HYPOESTHESIE CHEZ L'HOMME]. ISHIKO N ET AL. neurosciences letters. 1978;4:273 (eng). La stimulation électrique du point d'acupuncture diminue la sensation estimée subjectivement par une stimulation nociceptive. Relation hyperbolique entre durée du stimulus nécessaire à l'hypoesthésie et intensité 97- gera: 21544/di/ra GLI EFFETI DELLA TERAPIA AGOPUNTURALE ELETTRICA SUI SINTOMI SUSSEGUENTI LA MALATTIA ". KEIZO OTA. rivista italiana di agopuntura. 1978;32:17-8 (ita). 98- gera: 9190/di/ra [CONCEPTS ELECTRIQUES FONDAMENTAUX EN ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE ET THERAPEUTIQUE]. NISTERUK CJ. acupuncture and electrotherapeutics research. 1978;3(3-4):253-63 (eng). 99- gera: 36848/di/ra THE PLACEBO EFFECT OF TRANSCUTANEOUS ELECTRICAL STIMULATION. THORSTEINSSON G ET AL. pain. 1978;5:31-41 (eng).

100- gera: 28782/nd/tt TOPOGRAPHISCHE LAGE DER MESSPUNKTE DER ELEKTROAKUPUNKTUR. VOLL R. mlv. 1978;: (deu). 101- gera: 28783/nd/tt TOPOGRAPHISCHE LAGE DER MESSPUNKTE DER ELEKTROAKUPUNKTUR. TEXTBAND. Dl.1. VOLL R. mlv. 1978;:160P (deu). 102- gera: 28784/nd/tt TOPOGRAPHISCHE LAGE DER MESSPUNKTE DER ELEKTROAKUPUNKTUR. BILDBAND. DI.1. VOLL R. mlv. 1978;:176P (deu). 103- gera: 28785/nd/tt TOPOGRAPHISCHE LAGE DER MESSPUNKTE DER ELEKTROAKUPUNKTUR. BILDBAND. DI.2. VOLL R. mlv. 1978;:160P (deu). 104- gera: 28786/nd/tt TOPOGRAPHISCHE LAGE DER MESSPUNKTE DER ELEKTROAKUPUNKTUR. BILD-UND TEXTB DI.3. VOLL R. mlv. 1978;:194P (deu). 105- gera: 28787/nd/tt TOPOGRAPHISCHE LAGE DER MESSPUNKTE DER ELEKTROAKUPUNKTUR. SUPPLEMENTBAND (1). VOLL R. mlv. 1978;:47P (deu). 106- gera: 28788/nd/tt TOPOGRAPHISCHE LAGE DER MESSPUNKTE DER ELEKTROAKUPUNKTUR. SUPPLEMENTBAND (2). VOLL R. mlv. 1978;:147P (deu). 107- gera: 28789/nd/tt TOPOGRAPHISCHE LAGE DER MESSPUNKTE DER ELEKTROAKUPUNKTUR. SUPPLEMENTBAND (3). VOLL R. mlv. 1978;:168P (deu). 108- gera: 29845/nd/tt ANATOMIE TOPOGRAPHIQUE DES POINTS DE MESURE EN ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE. ATLAS I. VOLL R. medizinisch literarische verlagsgesellschaft mbh,uelzen. 1978;:160P (fra). 109- gera: 29847/nd/tt TOPOGRAPHIC POSITIONS OF THE MEASUREMENT POINTS IN ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE. 1ST SUPPLEMENT. VOLL R. medizinisch literarische verlagsgesellschaft mbh,uelzen. 1978;:50P (eng). 110- gera: 17248/nd/re FUNDAMENTAL STUDIES ON ELECTRIC STIMULATOR USED FOR ACUPUNCTURE ANALGESIA. YOSHIDA T ET AL. bull tokyo med dent univ. 1978;25(1):1-6 (eng). In order to perform safe and effective electric stimulation in acupuncture analgesia or therapy, basic knowledge concerning the electric stimulator is required. If direct current is used, a negative square wave with a pulse duration of 0.5 approximately 1.5 msec should be applied to the needle electrode to perform effective stimulation. Negative current is more effective at lower amperage than positive current and the possible corrosion hazard by the 111- gera: 14749/di/th ETUDE CLINIQUE ET THEORIQUE DE L'ACUPUNCTURE, L'AURICULOTHERAPIE ET LA STIMULOTHERAPIE ACUPUNCTURALE ET AURICULAIRE DANS LE *.

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7 CASSARD MC. these medecine,paris. 1979;78: (fra). Il apparait : 1°) que les points placebos sont inefficaces aussi bien le point corps que le point oreille. 2°) Que la stimulation électrique de ces mêmes points placebos du corps et de l'oreille est superposable aux effets de la piqûre simple des points GI4 et abdomen 39 au niveau de l'oreille. 3°) Que la stimulation électrique du point GI est nettement supérieur à la stimulation électrique du point auriculaire abdomen 39, ce qui ne veut pas dire que la stimulation auriculaire est inefficace car le choix du point est à discuter. 4°) Que la fréquence utilisée pourrait jouer un rôle éventuel dans le délai d'apparition du soulagement de la douleur puisque l'utilisation de la fréquence à 100 Herzt donne une cédation un peu plus rapide par rapport à la fréquence 5 Herzt dans la stimulation électrique du point auriculaire abdomen. Il résulte de cette étude que la stimulation électrique des points d'acupuncture offre un efficacité indiscutable et qu'elle mériterait de plus nombreuses expérimentations qui 112- gera: 3363/di/re ELECTROACUPUNCTURE ANALGESIA COULD BE MEDIATED BY AT LEAST TWO PAIN-RELIEVING MECHANISMS : ENDORPHIN AND NON-ENDORPHIN SYSTEMS. CHENG RSS ET AL. life sciences. 1979;25(23):1957-62 (eng). Differents niveaux d'analgésie par électro-acupuncture sont obtenus par trois fréquences différentes de stimulation (0, 2, 4 et 200 Hz). L'analgésie la plus importante est obtenue à 200 Hz et la plus faible à 0,2 Hz. La naloxone abolit complètement l'effet de l'électro-acupuncture à basse fréquence (4 Hz) mais ne produit aucune inhibition à haute fréquence (200 Hz). Inversement la parachlorophenylalanine bloque partiellement l'analgésie à basse fréquence. Ceci suggère que l'analgésie par stimulation à basse fréquence est médiatisée par les endorphines, alors que l'analgésie par stimulation à haute fréquence est médiatisé par la sérotonine. 113- gera: 9164/di/ra [RAPPORT CLINIQUE PRELIMINAIRE SUR L'EFFET THERAPEUTIQUE DE L'ELECTRO-STIMULATION A BASSE FREQUENCE]. CHUNG C ET AL. acupuncture research quarterly. 1979;11:57-66 (eng). 114- gera: 18394/di/ra THE PRELIMINARY REPORT ON CLINICAL THERAPEUTIC EFFECT OF LOW FREQUENCY ELECTRO- STIMULATOR. CHUNG C ET AL. acupuncture research quarterly. 1979;10:43-4 (eng). 115- gera: 13662/di/ra TREATEMENT OF TRIGEMINAL NEURALGIA WITH ELECTRIC ACUPUNCTURE USING ALTERNATE FREQUENCIES. CRACIUN T ET AL. american journal of acupuncture. 1979;7(3):251-254 (eng). : The authors report on the results obtained with the treatment of electric acupuncture in 62 cases of trigeminal neuralgia between 1972 and 1979. An original method of treatment was used consisting of electric acupuncture with alternate frequencies, the points being stimulated by rectangular impulses of variable frequency ranging between 800 and 1,000 Hz with intervals of 5 sec. This method allowed a reduction in the number of points employed. According to an evaluation schedule designed for this treatment series, the results were very good and 116- gera: 6510/nd/re TRAITEMENT DE LA DOULEUR PAR ACUPUNCTURE. INVENTAIRE DES BASES PHYSIOLOGIQUES EVENTUELLES. DEHEN H ET AL. la revue du praticien. 1979;29(19):1615-17 (fra). Selon la technique d'électro-acupuncture utilisée (haute ou basse fréquence de stimulation) deux mécanismes de contrôle inhibiteur des messages douloureux peuvent être proposés : 1) L'électro-acupuncture renforce les effets, inhibiteurs exercés sur la douleur par les fibres sensitives de gros diamètre. 2) L'électro-acupuncture est responsable d'une libération accrue de peptides endogènes "morphine-like"

(enképhalines et endorphines). 117- gera: 6526/di/re LONG-TERM RESULTS OF PERIPHERAL CONDITIONING STIMULATION AS AN ANALGESIC MEASURE IN CHRONIC PAIN. ERIKSSON MBE ET AL. pain (amsterdam). 1979;6:335-47 (eng). Traitement de 123 patients avec suivi à deux ans ou plus, soit par électro-stimulation transcutanée conventionnelle (10-100 Hz) soit par TNS acupuncture-like (stimulation à basse fréquence (1-4 Hz). Ces techniques sont efficaces et doivent être utilisées avant les techniques chirurgicales. 118- gera: 9169/nd/re [REMARQUES SUR LE TRAVAIL DE J.BAUM "CARACTERISTIQUES DE L'ELECTRO-STIMULATION DANS L'UTILISATION DE L'APPAREIL DE TRAITEMENT"]. FISCHER MV. prakt anaesth wiederbeleb intensivtherap. 1979;14(4):357 (deu). 119- gera: 18337/di/ra SIMPLE LOW COST STIMULATOR FOR ELECTROACUPUNCTURE. LEANDRI M. american journal of chinese medicine. 1979;7(4):379-81 (eng). 120- gera: 9177/di/ra [L'ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE : UNE REELLE MEDECINE PREVENTIVE, APPRECIATION DES TRAVAUX ET DECOUVERTES DU DR VOLL]. MADILL P. american journal of acupuncture. 1979;7(4):279-92 (eng). 121- gera: 6521/di/re THE INFLUENCE OF NALOXONE ON ANALGESIA PRODUCED BY PERIPHERAL CONDITIONING STIMULATION. SJOLUND BH ET AL. brain research. 1979;173(2):295-302 (eng). Les stimulations électriques conditionnantes des nerfs périphériques sont couramment utilisées dans le traitement de la douleur chronique. La stimulation électrique à haute fréquence est la plus largement utilisée. L'auteur propose une stimulation électrique acupuncture-like (trains de stimulations brefs à fréquence lente entraînant des contractions musculaires) qui donne de meilleurs résultats. La stimulation à haute fréquence n'est pas réversible par naloxone alors que la stimulation acupuncture-like est réversible. 122- gera: 9189/nd/re ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE. SJOLUND H. journal belge med phys rehabilit. 1979;2(3):201-6 (fra). 123- gera: 29846/nd/tt ANATOMIE TOPOGRAPHIQUE DES POINTS DE MESURE EN ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE. ATLAS II. VOLL R. medizinisch literarische verlagsgesellschaft mbh,uelzen. 1979;:160P (fra). 124- gera: 28598/nd/tt ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE PRIMER. WERNER F. medizinisch-literarische verlagsgesellschaft, ulzen. 1979;:164P (eng). 125- gera: 9223/di/cg THE INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT PARAMETERS AND METHODS OF STIMULATION ON THE EFFECT OF ELECTRIC NEEDLING OF THE SAME NERVE. CAI DAWEI ET AL. advances in acupuncture and acupuncture anaesthesia,beijing. 1980;:242 (eng). 126- gera: 9224/di/cg THE INFLUENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE ANESTHESIA EFFECT DUE TO THE VOLTAGE IN STIMULATING PARAMETERS. CHEN QIZHI ET AL. advances in

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8 acupuncture and acupuncture anaesthesia,beijing. 1980;:243 (eng). 127- gera: 9198/di/ra [TRAITEMENT DE SURFACE DU POINT D'ACUPUNCTURE PAR SSP ELECTRODES (résumé)]. HYODO M. british journal of acupuncture. 1980;3(2):41 (eng). 128- gera: 28770/nd/tt LEHRBUCH DER ELEKTROAKUPUNKTUR. Dl.3. KRAMER F. haug. 1980;:256P (deu). 129- gera: 15550/nd/re [THE EFFECT OF ELECTROACUPUNCTURE OF DIFFERENT FREQUENCIES ON ACETYLCHOLINE CONTENT OF FLUID PERFUSED FROM THE MUSCLES AT THE ACUPUNCTURE POINT]. KUANG PG. chung hua shen ching ching shen ko tsa chih. 1980;13(4):233-6 (chi). 130- gera: 9213/di/ra [STIMULATION ELECTRO-CUTANEE POUR LA TRANSMISSION D'INFORMATION. 1) FORME DE L'ONDE OPTIMUM INDUISANT UNE SENSATION SANS INCONFORT]. KUME Y. acupuncture and electrotherapeutics research. 1980;5(1):57-81 (eng). 131- gera: 28567/nd/tt FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE ACCORDING TO VOLL : EN INTRODUCTION. LEONHARDT H. m l verlag, uelzen. 1980;:248P (eng). 132- gera: 18547/di/cg THE COMPARATIVE OBSERVATION ON STRABOTOMY UNDER ACUPUNCTURE ANESTHESIA AND DRUG ANESTHESIA. LIAONING COOPERATIVE GROUP OF ACUPU *. advances in acupuncture and acupuncture anaesthesia,beijing. 1980;:140 (eng). 60 cas d'intervention pour strabisme. 30 anesthésies classiques et 30 anesthésies par acupuncture (points opposés à l'oeil opéré). Peu de différences significatives entre les deux groupes si ce n'est une meilleure tolérance postopératoire pour le groupe ayant eu l'anesthésie par acupuncture. Il y a une relation entre le résultat de l'anesthésie et l'élévation du seuil de la douleur testé en préopératoire, et une relation inverse avec une 133- gera: 17252/nd/re [PEP-1 MULTICHANNEL ELECTRONIC APPARATUS FOR ELECTROPUNCTURE]. MAKLETSOV BV ET AL. med tekh. 1980;5:58-9 (rus*). Pep-1 is a 6-channel apparatus for electropuncture, produced in series. It is intended for the following purposes : determination of acupuncture points (AP) by the contact method; diagnosis of the state of different organs according to the value of assymetric currents having positive or negative polarities; for therapeutic action on APs by constant electrical current with definite polarity and frequency, and by alternating current pulses through epicutaneous electrodes or miniclamps connected with acupuncture needles (electropuncture and electroacupuncture), and finally, for therapeutic effect on APs by microelectrophoresis . 134- gera: 6549/di/re HIGH VERSUS LOW INTENSITY ACUPUNCTURE ANALGESIA FOR TREATMENT OF CHRONIC PAIN : EFFECTS ON PLATELET SEROTONIN. MAO W ET AL. pain. 1980;8:331-42 (eng). Etude chez 26 sujets. 13 reçoivent d'abord une acupuncture à stimulation forte (électro-acupuncture à l'intensité maximum supportée par le patient avec contractions musculaires) puis à une stimulation faible (faible sensation et absence de contraction). 13 autres sujets reçoivent d'abord une stimulation

faible puis une stimulation forte. Dans le premier groupe on observe une diminution de la douleur, une élévation des activités et une élévation de la sérotonine plaquettaire ; ces effets ne sont pas observés par la suite avec une stimulation faible. Dans le deuxième groupe les résultats sont ambigüs. L'élévation de la sérotonine est en conformité avec l'implication de 135- gera: 6901/di/cg [ANESTHESIE PAR ACUPUNCTURE SONO-ELECTRIQUE]. PAI TINGFU ET AL. advances in acupuncture and acupuncture anaesthesia,beijing. 1980;198:204 (eng). Avec l'électroacupuncture conventionnelle on observe une diminution progressive de l'analgésie du fait d'une stimulation électrique monotone. Les auteurs proposent une acupuncture sono-électrique où le stimuli électrique varie en permanence en fonction d'un son. 1) Etudié sur 1000 interventions le système donne des résultats supérieurs à l'électroacupuncture classique, surtout en cas d'interventions moyennes. 2) Le résultat est également meilleur sur les réactions à la traction des viscères abdominaux. 3) Les suites opératoires sont meilleures. 136- gera: 9221/di/cg THE EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON STIMULATING PARAMETERS OF ELECTRIC NEEDLE IN ACUPUNCTURE ANAESTHESIA. RESEARCH CROUP OF ACUPUNCTURE ANAES *. advances in acupuncture and acupuncture anaesthesia,beijing. 1980;:240 (eng). 137- gera: 17780/di/re EFFECTIVE CONDITIONS OF ELECTROACUPUNCTURE STIMULATION FOR SUPPRESSING TOOTH PULP- EVOKED JAW-OPENING REFLEX IN THE RAT. TODA K ET AL. bull tokyo med dent univ. 1980;27(2):111-9 (eng). The effects of electroacupuncture (EA) on the rat jaw-opening reflex elicited by tooth pulp stimulation were studied to decide the effective stimulus Conditions for electroacupuncture stimulation (EAS). The present study revealed that one of the most important factors for producing a strong EA effect was the stimulus pulse-frequency and that the stimulus pulse-duration was not an essential factor for this effect. In the rat, the following stimulus conditions were very useful for the quantitative study of the EA effect. (1) Stimulation time is 15 min. (2) Stimulus pulse-frequency is 30 to 150 Hz, (3) Stimulus pulse-duration is 0.1 to 5 ms. When the EAS was applied to the Ho-Ku point under these 138- gera: 9178/di/ra [QUELQUES INTERESSANTS RESULTATS DANS LA PRATIQUE DE L'ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE]. TSEUNG YK ET AL. american journal of acupuncture. 1980;8(4):323-6 (eng). Technique de traitement et rapports de cas de paralysie faciale, névrite optique, glaucome, hypoglycémie. 139- gera: 18507/di/ra THE PHENOMENON OF MEDICINE TESTING IN ELECTROACUPUNCTURE ACCORDING TO VOLL. VOLL R. american journal of acupuncture. 1980;8(2):97-104 (eng). 140- gera: 28431/nd/tt TOPOGRAPHISCHE LAGE DER MEBPUNKTE DER ELEKTROAKUPUNKTUR NACH VOLL (EAV). VOLL R. medizinisch literarische verlagsgesellschaft mbh, uelzen. 1980;:176P (deu). 141- gera: 6537/di/cg [OBSERVATION SUR LES RELATIONS ENTRE EFFICACITE DE L'ANALGESIE PAR ACUPUNCTURE ET PARAMETRES DE L'ELECTRO-STIMULATION]. WANG CHENGPEI ET AL. advances in acupuncture and acupuncture anaesthesia,beijing. 1980;233:239 (eng). Intensité et fréquence de l'électro-stimulation influent sur

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9 l'efficacité de l'acupuncture : 1) Le meilleur résultat est obtenu avec une intensité élevée à 1 Hz puis un courant faible à 1000 Hz et enfin un courant faible à 10 Hz. 2) Le seuil de la douleur s'élève progressivement et est stabilisé en 25-35 mn. 3) L'élévation du seuil de la douleur affecte non seulement les métamères impliqués mais également des métamères distaux. 4) Ces résultats expérimentaux obtenus chez le lapin ou l'homme sont corroborés par l'étude de l'analgésie par acupuncture dans 142- gera: 6912/di/cg [CARACTERISTIQUES CLINIQUES DE L'ANAGESIE PAR ACUPUNCTURE (ANALYSE DE 1293 CAS D'OPERATIONS CHIRURGICALES SOUS ANALGESIE PAR *]. WANG DANZHU. advances in acupuncture and acupuncture anaesthesia,beijing. 1980;209:214 (eng). 1) L'effet de l'acupuncture dépend du choix des points (selon les méridiens ou l'innervation, éventuellement avec des points au niveau de l'incision) et des paramètres de la stimulation (haute fréquence au niveau du tronc et basse fréquence au niveau des points du membres). 2) Le résultat dépend également des variations individuelles et des conditions pathologiques. 3) Pour les interventions mineures la rétention de l'aiguille n'est pas 143- gera: 6538/di/cg [PARAMETRES D'ELECTRO-STIMULATION POUR LES POINTS A FONCTION ANALGESIQUE]. WANG ZHIYU ET AL. advances in acupuncture and acupuncture anaesthesia,beijing. 1980;235:241 (eng). Etude de 3 types d'électro-stimulation : 1) Influx régulier. 2) Modification régulière d'amplitude ou de fréquence. 3) Ondes totalement irrégulières (comme par exemple sur un rythme musical ou bruit). 144- gera: 9222/di/cg THE ELECTRIC STIMULATING PARAMETERS FOR THE POINTS WITH ANALGESIC FUNCTION. WANG ZHIYU ET AL. advances in acupuncture and acupuncture anaesthesia,beijing. 1980;:241 (eng). 145- gera: 16111/di/cg THE EFFECTS OF NALOXONE ON ACUPUNCTURE ANALGESIA PRODUCED BY DIFFERENT STRENGTH OF ELECTRIC STIMULATION. ZHANG ANZHONG ET AL. advances in acupuncture and acupuncture anaesthesia,beijing. 1980;:479 (eng). 146- gera: 9225/di/cg THE PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE STIMULATIVE PARAMETERS AND THE EFFECTIVE REGION OF ACUPUNCTURE ANESTHESIA. ZHU LONGYU ET AL. advances in acupuncture and acupuncture anaesthesia,beijing. 1980;:244 (eng). 147- gera: 6556/di/re LA STIMULATION ELECTRIQUE TRANSCUTANEE DANS LE TRAITEMENT DES DOULEURS CHRONIQUES. ADAM Y. journal med caen. 1981;16(1):29-34 (fra). Revue sur la technique : 1) La stimulation est appliquée au niveau du territoire cutané douloureux ou sur le trajet du nerf sensitif correspondant à la douleur ou encore sur un point d'acupuncture. 2) Les paramètres électriques optimum doivent entraîner des paresthésies dans le territoire douloureux sans douleur véritable ni contractions. 3) L'efficacité à court terme semble de 50 %, à long terme de 25 %. 148- gera: 6558/di/re TRAITEMENT DE LA DOULEUR PAR ELECTRO-STIMULATION : ETUDE COMPARATIVE DES EFFETS ANTALGIQUES DE LA NEUROSTIMULATION TRANSCUTANEE *. BOUREAU F ET AL. nouvelle presse medicale. 1981;10(12):991-2 (fra). La neurostimulation transcutanée (impulsions diphasiques, 0,5 ms, 80 Hz) donne les mêmes résultats que l'électrothérapie (onde hémisinusoïdale, trains de 50 et 100 Hz

de 1 à 6 secondes de durée). Le mécanisme d'action est différent de celui de l'électro-acupuncture car le résultat n'est pas modifié par naloxone. 149- gera: 998/di/ra [ASSOCIATION DE L'ELECTROACUPUNCTURE A LA MAGNETOPUNCTURE]. KAJDOS V. akupunktur. 1981;4:201 (deu). 150- gera: 28771/nd/tt LEHRBUCH DER ELEKTROAKUPUNKTUR. Dl.4. KRAMER F. haug. 1981;:496P (deu). 151- gera: 9212/di/ra [STIMULATION ELECTRO-CUTANEE POUR LA TRANSMISSION DE L'INFORMATION. 2) CARACTERISTIQUES SPATIALES DES SENSATIONS CUTANEES]. KUME Y ET AL. acupuncture and electrotherapeutics research. 1981;6(2-3):223-34 (eng). 152- gera: 28773/nd/tt DOKUMENTATION ZUR BFD UND THERAPIE IN THEORIE UND PRAXIS. Dl.1. THEORETISCHE GRUNDLAGEN. MARSCHNER G. haug. 1981;:438P (deu). 153- gera: 28774/nd/tt DOKUMENTATION ZUR BFD UND THERAPIE IN THEORIE UND PRAXIS. Dl.2. PRAXIS FALLBERICHTE. WIRKUNGSNACHWEIS. MARSCHNER G. haug. 1981;:274P (deu). 154- gera: 41/di/ra [SYSTEME D'ELECTRODE DE SURFACE SIMPLE POUR L'ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE NON PENETRANTE ET SES APPLICATIONS]. OMURA Y. acupuncture and electrotherapeutics research. 1981;6(2-3):109-34 (eng). 155- gera: 18519/di/ra THE USE OF NODOSES IN ELECTROACUPUNCTURE (EAV). SCHULDT H. american journal of acupuncture. 1981;9(2):161-4 (eng). 156- gera: 9215/di/ra [ETUDE EXPERIMENTALE SUR LES PARAMETRES DE LA STIMULATION ELECTRIQUE DANS L'ANALGESIE PAR ACUPUNCTURE]. SHI MINSHENG ET AL. acupuncture research. 1981;6(3):194 (chi*). Les études cliniques en chirurgie abdominale et expérimentale sur l'animal montrent : 1) que l'analgésie dépend principalement de l'intensité de stimulation, 2) que la meilleure intensité est le maximum supportable par le patient, 3) que les autres facteurs comme la fréquence ou la forme de l'onde interviennent peu. 157- gera: 82720/di/tt LA PORZIONE TOPOGRAFICA DEI PUNTI DI REGOLAZIONE DELL'ELETTRO-AGOPUNTURA. VOLL R. piccin,padova. 1981;:162P (ita). 158- gera: 995/di/ra [PROGRES DANS LA RECHERCHE SUR L'ELECTROACUPUNCTURE DE VOLL]. WANG BEENSHIAAN. chinese acupuncture and moxibustion. 1981;1(1):41 (chi*). Cet article est une introduction aux recherches de R. Voll (un médecin ouest-allemand) sur le diagnostic et le traitement par électroacupuncture. R. Voll utilise un appareil électronique qui détermine quantitativement l'activité électrique de chaque point et agit directement sur l'état fonctionnel des zones correspondantes. La découverte de Voll vérifie l'importance de la théorie des méridiens et des thérapeutiques par

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10 acupuncture et moxibustion. Cela ouvre un nouveau champ de recherche en médecine. 159- gera: 29841/nd/tt 25 JAHRE ELEKTROAKUPUNKTUR NACH VOLL UND MEDIKAMENTENTESTUNG. JUBILÄUMSKONGREBBERICHT 1981 DER INTERNATIONALEN. MEDIZINISCHEN GESELLSCHAFT FÜR ELEKTROAKUPUNKTUR NACH VOLL E.V. X. medizinisch literarische verlagsgesellschaft mbh,uelzen. 1981;:284P (deu). 160- gera: 704/di/ra [1OO CAS DE RETENTION D'URINE POST-OPERATOIRE TRAITES PAR ACUPUNCTURE]. ZHAO TAIYIN ET AL. chinese acupuncture and moxibustion. 1981;1(2):8 (chi*). Les points Qihai, Guanyuan et Zhongji ont été choisis comme points principaux et Suidao, Paici et 6Rte comme points complémentaires. Les aiguilles ont été reliées à un stimulateur électrique : l'aiguille du point principal à l'électrode positive, et l'aiguille du point complémentaire à l'électrode négative. La fréquence était de 140 à 200 par minute, durée de la séance 15 à 30 minutes, 93 % de résultats positifs. 161- gera: 9186/di/ra [L'ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE SELON VOLL]. CARLUCCIO A. rivista italiana di agopuntura. 1982;45:85-9 (ita). 162- gera: 6593/di/re COMPARATIVE EFFECTS OF ACUPUNCTURE IN JAPAN AND THE UNITED STATES ON DENTAL PAIN PERCEPTION. CHAPMAN CR ET AL. pain. 1982;12(4):319-28 (eng). The effects of low frequency electrical acupunctural stimulation on the perception of induced dental pain were compared in two cultural settings. Twenty Japanese and 20 American subjects (consisting of 10 Caucasians and 10 second or third generation Japanese) were tested in two functionally identical laboratories, one at Tottori University in Yonago, Japan and the other at the University of Washington. Each subject underwent a control and an acupuncture session on separate days with subjects counterbalanced for carry-over order effects. Sensory decision theory (SDT) analysis demonstrated a significant reduction in perceptual capability and an increased bias against reporting stimuli as painful following the acupuncture as treatment which was performed bilaterally at traditional facial points. No significant differences between groups in alteration of perceptual capability, bias or pain threshold were demonstrated, indicating that the cultural and racial differences studied did not influence responses to 163- gera: 17238/nd/re THE DEVELOPMENT OF MICROWAVE POWER APPLICATIONS IN CHINA. CHEN HK ET AL. j microwave power. 1982;17(1):11-5 (eng). 164- gera: 5052/di/ra ACUPATH 1000 : PRESENTATION ET PREMIERES APPRECIATIONS. DARRAS JC. cahiers de biotherapie. 1982;76:51 (fra). 165- gera: 2092/di/ra [INVESTIGATIONS SUR 130 CAS D'AMYGDALECTOMIE SOUS ANESTHESIE PAR ACUPUNCTURE]. FENG XUCHUN ET AL. chinese acupuncture and moxibustion. 1982;2(6): (chi*). 130 cas d'amygdalectomie ont été réalisés dans notre hopital sous anesthésie par acupuncture avec des résultats satisfaisants. Le taux d'efficacité a été de 79 %. Points : amygdale (1 cm sous l'angle de la machoire) et Hegu (4GI). Le premier point est stimulé par un courant électrique de 1000 hertz et la deuxième de 2,5 à 20 hertz. Les résultats montrent que l'effet de l'acupuncture dépend de l'âge, des conditions émotionnelles, et des techniques opératoires. L'effet est

meilleur quand on obtient un PSC vers le champ opératoire. 166- gera: 17240/nd/re LES BASES PHYSIOLOGIQUES DE L'ACUPUNCTURE, L'ELECTROACUPUNCTURE ET L'ELECTROSTIMULATION CUTANEE. FRANCHIMONT P ET AL. revue medicale liege. 1982;37(9):382-8 (fra). [PHYSIOLOGICAL BASIS FOR ACUPUNCTURE, ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE AND TRANSCUTANEOUS ELECTROSTIMULATION]. 167- gera: 992/di/ra [NEURO-STIMULATION (ACUPUNCTURE SANS AIGUILLE) APPLIQUEE PAR DES TECHNICIENS]. JACOBS HB. american journal of acupuncture. 1982;10(4):353-57 (eng). Le malade est d'abord examiné par le médecin qui porte le diagnostic et prescrit le traitement. Le traitement est appliqué par un technicien spécialement formé. 168- gera: 15534/di/ra [EFFETS DE LA STIMULATION ELECTRIQUE A HAUTE FREQUENCE SUR LES FONCTIONS DES NERFS PERIPHERIQUES]. JIA BINGJUN ET AL. acupuncture research. 1982;7(4):273 (chi*). Effets de la stimulation électrique à hautes fréquences sur les nerfs suraux du chat et du lapin. On observe une diminution de la conduction, de l'amplitude et des potentiels d'action au niveau des fibres A-Alpha, A-Delta etc, un prolongement de la période réfractaire, une élevation du seuil d'exitation. Cet effet inhibiteur est fonction de la distance de l'application de l'électro-stimulation. Une altération de l'activité du SNC n'influence pas cet effet. Un blocage des nerfs locaux périphériques semble donc être le mécanisme d'action, de l'analgésie par 169- gera: 993/di/ra [NEURO-STIMULATION ELECTRIQUE TRANSCUTANEE (TENS) EN ACUPUNCTURE PODOLOGIQUE]. JOWER GW. american journal of acupuncture. 1982;10(4):359-62 (eng). 170- gera: 994/di/ra LESIONES PRODUCIDAS POR LA ELECTRO-ACUPUNTURA. KAWAMOTO H. revista uruguaya de acupuntura. 1982;23:34-5 (esp). Etude histopathologique des lésions produites par l'électroacupuncture. 171- gera: 9214/di/ra [STIMULATION ELECTRO-CUTANEE POUR LA TRANSMISSION DE L'INFORMATION. 3) TRANSMISSION DE SIGNAUX SEQUENTIELS]. KUME Y ET AL. acupuncture and electrotherapeutics research. 1982;7(4):267-78 (eng). 172- gera: 82694/di/tt FONDAMENTI DELL'ELETTROAGOPUNTURA SECONDO VOLL-HORSE. LEONHARDT H. piccin,padova. 1982;:350P (ita). 173- gera: 9165/di/ra [CARACTERISTIQUES DE LA THERAPEUTIQUE JAPONAISE RYODORAKU]. ONO M. acupuncture research quarterly. 1982;24:94-103 (eng). 174- gera: 31/di/ra SUMARIO DEL METODO ACUPUNTURAL JAPONES RYODORAKU. POWELL AJ. revista uruguaya de acupuntura. 1982;22:15-6 (esp). 175- gera: 997/di/re [ETUDES SUR L'ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE]. RICO CR ET AL. journal of medecine (westbury). 1982;13(3):247-51 (eng).

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11 176- gera: 6577/di/re VARYING ELECTRICAL ACUPUNCTURE STIMULATION INTENSITY : EFFECTS ON DENTAL PAIN-EVOKED POTENTIALS. SCHIMEK F ET AL. anesthesia and analgesia. 1982;61(6):499-503 (eng). Electrical acupunctural stimulation (EAS) has repeatedly been shown in the laboratory to diminish human dental pain perception. This study compared the effects of low, medium, and high EAS levels on event-related potentials elicited by painful dental stimulation and on subjective pain report. Acupuncture was performed bilaterally at LI-4 on the hands and each subject received all EAS levels, counterbalanced for order. Only the highest level of EAS was effective, and it reduced the pain report in addition to the amplitudes of the positive event-related potential deflections from base line at 100 and 250 msec. No dose-response effect was observed for EAS levels. The outcome suggests that the analgesic effect occurs abruptly when stimulation reaches a strong level and a 177- gera: 29848/nd/tt TOPOGRAPHIC POSITIONS OF THE MEASUREMENT POINTS IN ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE. 2ND SUPPLEMENT. VOLL R. medizinisch literarische verlagsgesellschaft mbh,uelzen. 1982;:146P (eng). 178- gera: 29850/nd/tt MEASUREMENT POINTS OF THE ELECTROACUPUNCTURE ACCORDING TO VOLL ON THE HANDS AND FEET. VOLL R. medizinisch literarische verlagsgesellschaft mbh,uelzen. 1982;:52P (eng). 179- gera: 3337/di/re COMPARATIVE EFFECTS OF ELECTROACUPUNCTURE AND TRANSCUTANEOUS NERVE STIMULATION ON THE HUMAN BLINCK REFLEX. WILLER J C ET AL. pain (amsterdam). 1982;14(3):267-78 (eng*). The effects of low frequency (2 Hz) high intensity (10-12 mA) (electroacupuncture, EA) and of high frequency (100 Hz) low intensity (2 mA) (transcutaneous nerve stimulation, TNS) conditioning stimuli were studied on the nociceptive component (R2) of the blink reflex in normal volunteers. EA induced a progressive and moderate partially naloxone-reversible depression in the R2 response. In contrast, TNS induced a rapid and major depression in this reflex. In this latter case, naloxone failed to produce any reversal effect. These two patterns of data are discussed and further electrophysiological studies provide some evidence for two different mechanisms in the depressive effects of EA and TNS upon the nociceptive component of the blink reflex in man. 180- gera: 19257/di/ra [INTRODUCTION A LA "SSP-ELECTROTHERAPY"]. YAO SHITONG ET AL. chinese acupuncture and moxibustion. 1982;4:50 (chi). Mise au point sur les recherches des Pr. Hyodo et Kitade sur la "SSP (silver spike point) electrotherapy". Cette technique utilise les mêmes principes que l'acupuncture, mais la stimulation se fait sans aiguilles, à partir des progrès réalisés par l'analgésie électro-acupuncturale à basse fréquence. 181- gera: 6596/di/re [ELECTRO-ANALGESIE PAR STIMULATION TRANSCUTANEE (TNS), REPONSE AU TEST A LA NALOXONE]. CASALE R ET AL. minerva medica. 1983;74(17):941-6 (ita*). 1) Une fréquence de 80 Hz durant 30 minutes donne les meilleurs résultats. L'effet n'est pas réversible par la Naloxone. 2) Une fréquence du 80 Hz durant 120 minutes ou de 2-4 Hz pendant 120 minutes a un effet sur la douleur, mais inférieur à la première technique. Cet effet est réversible par le test à la Naloxone. 182- gera: 6624/di/ra [NOTRE EXPERIENCE SUR LA STIMULATION ELECTRIQUE TRANCUTANEE DANS LE TRAITEMENT DE

LA DOULEUR : CONSIDERATIONS THEORIQUES ET *]. CASALE R ET AL. agopunctura e tecniche di terapia antalgica. 1983;1(1):49-57 (ita*). Expérience de l'auteur comparée aux publications tant sur le plan clinique que technique. L'efficacité de la TNS est universellement reconnue mais les paramètres ne sont pas standardisés. 183- gera: 18441/di/ra MODERNIZING ACUPUNCTURE APPARATUS IN TAIWAN. CHUNG G ET AL. acupuncture research quarterly. 1983;26:38 (eng). 184- gera: 14648/di/ra [1048 CAS D'EXTRACTION DENTAIRE SOUS ANALGESIE PAR ACUPUNCTURE]. GU ZUQIAN. acupuncture research. 1983;8(1):11 (chi*). Le plus souvent électroacupuncture avec G6805, onde continue, fréquence de 360/mn, 7 mA. 1) Les interventions sur les dents antérieures donnent de meilleurs résultats que les molaires inférieures. 2) Les plus mauvais résultats sont obtenus en cas de dent incluse ou d'inflammation aigüe. 3) les points renkuang et chengai donnent les meilleurs résultats sur les dents antérieures et sont des points auxilliaires importants dans les autres cas. 4) La puncture ou non du 4GI ne modifie pas les résultats. 185- gera: 28767/nd/tt UMWELTGIFT IM GRIFF DANK ELECTROAKUPUNKTUR NACH VOLL. HAGEN C. mlv. 1983;:66P (deu). 186- gera: 9216/di/tt MODERN TECHNIQUES OF ACUPUNCTURE, A PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC GUIDE TO ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE (VOLUME 1). KENYON JN. thorsons publishers,wellingborough. 1983;:240P (eng). 187- gera: 20255/di/tt MODERN TECHNIQUES OF ACUPUNCTURE, A PRATICAL SCIENTIFIC GUIDE TO ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE (VOLUME 2). KENYON JN. thorsons publishers wellingborough. 1983;:208P (eng). 188- gera: 29857/nd/tt AKUPUNKTUR UND ELEKTROAKUPUNKTUR NACH VOLL. LEONHARDT H. medizinisch literarische verlagsgesellschaft mbh,uelzen. 1983;:24P (deu). 189- gera: 996/di/ra [TRAITEMENT ELECTRIQUE DE SURFACE DU POINT D'ACUPUNCTURE]. MASAYOSHI HYODO. rivista italiana di medicina orientale. 1983;4(1):45 (ita*). 190- gera: 18812/di/ra ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE AND TES : ESSENTIAL ELECTRICAL PARAMETERS AND CRITERIA FOR EFFECTIVENESS AND SAFETY. OMURA Y. acupuncture and electrotherapeutics research. 1983;8(1):83-6 (eng). 191- gera: 18832/di/ra ELECTROACUPUNCTURE AND TES : THEIR ESSENTIAL PARAMETERS AND CRITERIA FOR DETERMINING THERAPEUTIC EFFECTIVENESS AND PATIENT SAFETY *. OMURA Y. acupuncture and electrotherapeutics research. 1983;8(3-4):332-3 (eng). 192- gera: 6946/di/ra [RECHERCHES SUR L'ANESTHESIE SONO-ELECTRIQUE]. PEI TINGFU ET AL. chinese acupuncture and moxibustion. 1983;3(1):17 (chi*). Depuis 1972, les auteurs ont utilisé l'anesthésie

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12 sonoélectrique dans 1285 cas avec des résultats satisfaisants. Sur 486 opérations majeures 82,9 % de bons résultats sont obtenus avec cette méthode contre seulement 76,8 % avec l'anesthésie électrique. Sur 48 cas de craniotomie 25 % de bons résultats contre 16,7 % avec la méthode conventionnelle. Un bon résultat est obtenu dans la sensation douloureuse à la traction des viscères abdominaux : sur 100 cas de ligature de trompes on observe 88,5 % sans réaction contre 71,4 %. Sur 126 cas observés, les 193- gera: 9202/nd/re [VARIATIONS DE L'INTENSITE DE LA STIMULATION PAR ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE : EFFETS SUR LES POTENTIELS EVOQUES DE LA DOULEUR DENTAIRE]. SCHIMEK F ET AL. anesthesia and analgesia. 1983;61(6):499-503 (eng). 194- gera: 6603/di/ra PLACE DE L'ACUPUNCTURE DANS LE TRAITEMENT ACTUEL DE LA DOULEUR CHRONIQUE. VIBES J. meridiens. 1983;63-64:163-71 (fra*). L'acupuncture prend place parmi les thérapeutiques sollicitant le système inhibiteur de la douleur : à cet égard elle constitue une technique de stimulation percutanée spécifique : - par son lieu d'intervention : le point d'acupuncture - par la variété des structures histologiques intéressées. Initialement manuelle, cette stimulation tend à devenir électrique : -multiples combinaisons thérapeutiques offertes par la variation des paramètres (intensité et fréquence). -Rôle surajouté possible du courant électrique. Le traitement des douleurs par l'acupuncture appelle trois observations : 1) Toujours s'efforcer de retrouver la cause de la douleur. 2) Dans les douleurs chroniques, il est indispensable d'intégrer l'acupuncture dans le cadre d'une consultation multi- disciplinaire. 3) Ne pas perdre de vue que l'acupuncture ne se réduit pas à une simple technique d'analgésie 195- gera: 15608/di/ra [INFLUENCE DE DEUX TYPES DIFFERENTS DE PARAMETRE D'ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE SUR LE SYSTEME PEPTIDERGIQUE CENTRAL]. ZHU LONGYU ET AL. acupuncture research. 1983;8(3):218 (chi*). 196- gera: 6664/di/re EFFECTS OF ACUPUNCTURE AND TRANSCUTANEOUS ELECTRICAL NERVE STIMULATION ON COLD-INDUCED PAIN IN NORMAL SUBJECTS. ASHTON H ET AL. journal of psychosomatic research. 1984;28(4):301-8 (eng). Etude comparée des effets de l'acupuncture, de l'électrostimulation à haute fréquence, (100 Hz), basse fréquence (8 Hz) et d'un placebo sur 46 jeunes adultes. L'acupuncture entraîne une élévation significative du seuil de la douleur, l'électrostimulation transcutanée à 100 Hz ou le placebo n'ont aucun effet. La stimulation à 8 Hz produit une élévation du seuil variable selon les individus en relation avec le questionnaire de personnalité de Eysenck. Aucune relation significative n'est établie avec le seuil de base de la douleur ou encore avec la personnalité. 197- gera: 9157/di/ra [INTRODUCTION A LA THEORIE ET A LA PRATIQUE DE L'ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE ALLEMANDE ASSOCIE A DES MEDICATIONS]. BAKER DW. american journal of acupuncture. 1984;12(4):327-32 (eng). 198- gera: 9156/nd/re METHOD OF DETERMINING OPTIMAL STIMULATION SITES FOR TRANSCUTANEOUS ELECTRICAL NERVE STIMULATION. BERLANT SR. phys sr. 1984;646:924-8 (eng). 199- gera: 28922/nd/re ELECTROACUPUNCTURE AND ECT [LETTER]. CHANG W. biol psychiatry. 1984;19(8):1271-2 (eng).

200- gera: 9226/di/ra [TECHNIQUES ET PRECAUTIONS POUR L'ACUPUNCTURE, L'ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE ET LA NEURO- STIMULATION TRANSCUTANEE]. CHENG RSS. in proceedings of the tenth annual international conference on veterinary acupuncture. 1984;:109-113 (eng). 201- gera: 11550/nd/th L'ANALGESIE ACUPUNCTURALE A PROPOS DE 46 OBSERVATIONS DE CESARIENNES PROPHYLACTIQUES. DEVUN B. these medecine,st etienne. 1984;8464: (fra). Notre étude intéresse l'apport de l'électroacupuncture dans les techniques d'analgésies chirurgicales. Les recherches neurophysiologiques ont permis de montrer que l'électroacupuncture à haute fréquence (50 - 100 HZ ) était d'origine neurale. L'électroacupuncture à basse fréquence (1O HZ) agissait par le biais d'une sécrétion de neuromédiateurs en particulier d'endorphines. La césarienne prophylactique apparait comme une indication particulièrement intéressante de ce mode d'analgésie : risque iatrogénique inférieur pour l'enfant et la mère, intérêt de la participation active de la patiente pour un acte créateur qu'est la mise au monde d'un enfant et 202- gera: 9158/di/tt THE WQ-10 ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE MACHINE, HOW AND WHEN TO USE IT. FRATKIN J. paradigm publications,brookline. 1984;:43P (eng). Manuel d'utilisation du stimulateur WQ-10 fabriqué à Beijing avec application à quelques affections. 203- gera: 80469/di/ra ELEKTRISCHE STIMULATION VON AKUPUNKTURPUNKTEN. KITSINGER H. deutsche zeitschrift fur akupunktur. 1984;27(1):7-13 (deu*). [Stimulation électrique de points d'acupuncture]. Présentation du "stipuncteur" français (CEPAN, Montpellier), permettant une Stimulation électrique sans introduction d'aiguille. Une alternance des séances entre acupuncture traditionnelle et stimulation électrique de points (EPS) est proposée. 204- gera: 14604/di/ra [REPORT ON OBSERVATION OF 4248 CASES OF TOOTH EXTRACTION UNDER ACUPUNCTURE ANAESTHESIA AT HEGU.]. LIU CHAOWU. chinese acupuncture and moxibustion. 1984;4(2):17 (chi*). Taux d'efficacité de 93,6 %. En cas de puncture simple, utiliser le 4GI controlatéral. En cas d'électroacupuncture utiliser les deux 4GI (fréquence 180-300 hz). 205- gera: 14568/di/ra ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE TREATMENT FOR DYSFUNCTION SYNDROME OF TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT : REPORT OF 3 CASES. LU SHINAN. journal of tcm. 1984;4(2):96 (eng). Le traitement comporte : 1) Electroacupuncture 6E + 7E à une fréquence de 180/mn . 2) Application locale de compresses chaudes avec plantes médicinales. 3) Méprobamate per os. Séances de 30 minutes, 2 séances par semaines. Guérison en 1 à 4 séances dans 21 cas (disparition des douleurs et mastication normale). 206- gera: 9211/di/tt CLINICAL TRANSCUTANEOUS ELECTRICAL NERVE STIMULATION. MANNHEIMER JS ET LAMPE GN. fa davis company,philadelphia. 1984;:636P (eng). 207- gera: 28161/nd/tt ACUPUNTURA RYODORAKU. NAKATANI Y. inst ryodoraku. 1984;:220P (esp). 208- gera: 9155/di/ra [RECHERCHES SUR LES EFFETS DE L'ACUPUNCTURE PAR LA STIMULATION ELECTRIQUE TRANSCUTANEE,

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13 POSSIBILITES ET LIMITES]. POTHMAN R. akupunktur. 1984;3:165-9 (deu). 209- gera: 70106/di/re CIRCULATORY DEPRESSION FOLLOWING LOW FREQUENCY STIMULATION OF THE SCIATIC NERVE IN ANAESTHETIZED RATS. SHYU BC ET AL. acta physiol scand. 1984;121:97-102 (eng). Earlier experiments have shown that afferent electrical stimulation of the sciatic nerve for 30 min induces a long- lasting post-stimulatory endorphin-dependent decrease in blood pressure in awake spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). In the present study we have examined whether this depressor response can be observed also in anesthetized SHR. The sciatic nerve was stimulated for 30 min with low-frequent (3 Hz) trains of impulses and the changes in blood pressure, heart rate and renal nerve activity were observed during the stimulation and in the post- stimulatory period. Animals anesthetized with Nembutal, Althesin and N2O did not show any post-stimulatory depression. In contrast, during chloralose anesthesia combined with muscle paralysis with Flaxedil, sciatic nerve stimulation induced a long-lasting post-stimulatory decrease in blood pressure due to central inhibition of sympathetic activity. The decrease in blood pressure could be prevented by naloxone and was therefore likely to 210- gera: 15617/nd/re [EFFECTS OF CLEMBUTEROL ON ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE ANALGESIA AND MORPHINE ANALGESIA IN RAT]. SU SHUYI ET AL. acta pharmacologica sinica. 1984;5(2):82-4 (chi*). Electro-acupuncture bilatérale au 36E et 6Rte avec voltage progressif (1, 2 et 3 volts) pendant 30 minutes. Le seuil de battement de la queue est utilisé pour évaluer le degré d'analgésie. Le clembutérol n'a pas d'effet sur le seuil de base de la douleur, mais diminue de 85 % l'effet analgésique de l'électro-acupuncture après 35 minutes. L'effet analgésique de la morphine est au contraire augmenté. L'activation des Beta 2 récepteurs diminue l'effet de l'électro-acupuncture, mais élève l'effet de la morphine. 211- gera: 28432/nd/tt SUPPLEMENTBAND. ZUM VIERBANDIGEN WERK, TOPOGRAPHISCHE LAGE DER MEBPUNKTE DER ELETROAKUPUNKTUR NACH VOLL (EAV). VOLL R. medizinisch literarische verlagsgesellschaft mbh, uelzen. 1984;:168P (deu). 212- gera: 29849/nd/tt TOPOGRAPHIC POSITIONS OF THE MEASUREMENT POINTS IN ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE. 3RD SUPPLEMENT. VOLL R. medizinisch literarische verlagsgesellschaft mbh,uelzen. 1984;:165P (eng). 213- gera: 14511/di/ra [RAPPORT CLINIQUE SUR 530 OPERATION SUR LE RACHIS CERVICAL SOUS ANESTHESIE PAR ACUPUNCTURE]. WANG KUAN ET AL. chinese acupuncture and moxibustion. 1984;4(1):14 (chi*). Futu bilateral, Hegu droit et Weiguan, induction à une fréquence de 4 Hz, passage à 100 H2 lors de l'incision, taux d'efficacité de 99,3 %. 214- gera: 13695/di/ra [TRAITEMENT DE 4O CAS DE NEVRALGIES TRIGEMINALES PAR ACUPUNCTURE]. WANG MEISHENG. chinese acupuncture and moxibustion. 1984;4(4):16 (chi*). 82,5 % de guérison et 7,5 % d'amélioration. Pour la 1ère branche : Taiyang vers 7E, 2ème branche : 7E (perpendiculaire), 3ème branche : 6E vers 8E. Dans 5 cas chimiopuncture (vit B, et vit B12) et dans 2 cas rhizoma gastrodiae. Après acupuncture, stimulation électrique à une fréquence de 2-3 hertz une à deux heures, une 215- gera: 16297/di/cg

INFLUENCES OF ELECTROACUPUNCTURE ON MONOAMINE NEUROTRANSMITTERS IN RAT BRAIN CORRELATED WITH THE VOLTAGE AND THE FREQUENCY APPLIED. WANG YOUJING ET AL. second national symposium on acupuncture and moxibustion,beijing. 1984;:412 (eng). 216- gera: 16261/di/cg THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE ELECTROACUPUNCTURE PARAMETER AND THE DORSAL ROOT POTENTIAL. XU SHUIQUAN ET AL. second national symposium on acupuncture and moxibustion,beijing. 1984;:383 (eng). 217- gera: 9220/di/el [L'APPAREIL CRMS POUR L'ANESTHESIE PAR ACUPUNCTURE, SES PROPRIETES ET APPLICATION YANG PEIBANG ET AL. in acupuncture research,institute of medical information,beijing. 1984;1-28:28 (eng). Présentation d'un nouveau stimulateur. 218- gera: 19777/di/cg [THE INFLUENCE OF STIMULATION FREQUENCIES IN ELECTROACUPUNCTURE ANESTHESIA ON THE RESULT OF THYROIDECTOMIES.]. ZHANG ZHEYUAN. second national symposium on acupuncture and moxibustion,beijing. 1984;:185 (chi). 219- gera: 6674/di/el [RECHERCHE SUR L'ANALGESIE PAR ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE : EFFET DE DIFFERENTES INTENSITES DE STIMULATION ELECTRIQUE]. ZHOU ZHENGFU ET AL. in acupuncture research,institute of medical information,beijing. 1984;6-04:187 (eng). 220- gera: 16295/di/cg INFLUENCES OF TWO DIFFERENT STIMULATIVE PARAMETERS OF ELECTROACUPUNCTURE ON CENTRAL SEROTONINERGIC SYSTEM. ZHU LONGYU ET AL. second national symposium on acupuncture and moxibustion,beijing. 1984;:410 (eng). 221- gera: 18846/di/ra CHANGES IN SYMPATHETIC ACTIVITY DURING HIGH FREQUENCY T.E.N.S. CASALE R ET AL. acupuncture and electrotherapeutics research. 1985;10(3):169-175 (eng). 222- gera: 9217/di/ra [L'AUGMENTATION REGIONALE DE L'ACTIVITE METABOLIQUE CEREBRALE CHEZ LE RAT DEPEND DE LA FREQUENCE DE LA NEURO-STIMULATION *]. KATIMS JJ ET AL. acupuncture and electrotherapeutics research. 1985;10(3):223-4 (eng). L'activité métabolique cérébrale est augmentée par TNS. Les régions intéressées sont variables selon la fréquence de stimulation. 223- gera: 14756/di/ra [ETUDE COMPARATIVE DE L'EFFET ANALGESIQUE DE L'ELECTRO-STIMULATION TRANSCUTANEE (TNS), DE L'ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE (EA), ET DE LA ME*]. MARTELETE M ET AL. acupuncture and electrotherapeutics research. 1985;10(3):183-93 (eng). Etude dans 72 cas de chirurgie abdominale, rectale ou lombaire. Les patients sont randomisés en 3 groupes selon le traitement et la douleur évaluée sur échelle visuelle. TNS et EA ont un résultat supérieur à Mépéridine. L'analgesie obtenue par EA dure plus longtemps que celle par TNS et s'éleve avec la répétion du traitement. Ceci suggére que EA et TNS ont des mécanismes d'action differents. 224- gera: 9160/di/ra [TRAITEMENT DE LA DOULEUR, ET TENS

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14 "INTELLIGENT"]. MATTESON JM. american journal of acupuncture. 1985;13(2):149-51 (eng). Description de la nouvelle génération de neuro-stimulateur transcutané. 225- gera: 9218/di/ra [ETUDE COMPAREE DE LA STIMULATION NERVEUSE ET DES AUTRES MODALITES CONVENTIONNELLES DE THERAPEUTIQUE PHYSIQUE]. NOTO K ET AL. american journal of acupuncture. 1985;13(4):347-54 (eng). 226- gera: 18854/di/ra ELECTRICAL PARAMETERS FOR SAFE AND EFFECTIVE ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE AND TRANSCUTANEOUS ELECTRICAL STIMULATION. OMURA Y. acupuncture and electrotherapeutics research. 1985;10(4):335-7 (eng). 227- gera: 13212/di/ra [EFFETS DE L'ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE A DIFFERENTES INTENSITES SUR LES POTENTIELS EVOQUES AU NIVEAU DU CORTEX VISUEL]. QIN DAYI ET AL. chinese acupuncture and moxibustion. 1985;5(5):23 (chi*). Effets de l'acupuncture sur les potentiels évoqués provoqués par un flash. L'acupuncture à haute intensité a un effet inhibiteur et l'acupuncture à basse intensité a un effet facilitateur. Les effets de l'acupuncture sont inhibés par les drogues agissant sur la formation réticulée comme le Nembutal. Ceci suggère que l'acupuncture agit sur le cortex via la formation réticulée. 228- gera: 9219/di/ra [NOUVEAU TRAITEMENT ET HYPOTHESES POUR LES CAS D'ECHECS DE L'EAV]. TIZARD MH. american journal of acupuncture. 1985;13(4):361-5 (eng). 229- gera: 16638/nd/ra [SOMATICO-AUTONOMIC FUNCTIONS OF RABBITS EXPOSED TO AN ULTRAHIGH-FREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD AT ACUPUNCTURE POINTS]. VAGIN IUE, ET AL. biol nauki. 1985;10:50-5 (rus). 230- gera: 16839/di/ra [COMPARISONS OF EFFECTS OF ELECTROACUPUNCTURE STIMULATIONS OF TWO DIFFERENT INTENSITIES AND FREQUENCES ON MONOAMINE NEURO-TRANSMITTERS IN RAT BRAIN REGIONS]. WANG YOUJING ET AL. acupuncture research. 1985;10(1):24 (chi*). 231- gera: 14447/di/ra [TRAITEMENT DE 164 CAS DE SCIATIQUE PAR ACUPUNCTURE AU NIVEAU DES POINTS ET DU TRONC NERVEUX SCIATIQUE]. WU YUANPEI. chinese acupuncture and moxibustion. 1985;5(3):13 (chi*). Utilisation du point projection du sciatique (foramen infrapyriforme) comme point principal en combinaison avec le point 40V. Le premier point est relié à l'électrode négative et le deuxième à l'électrode positive du stimulateur. Séance de 10 à 15 minutes, 10 à 12 séances, guérison 20,74 % et amélioration 95,74 %. 232- gera: 18435/di/ra IMPORTANCE OF FIFTEEN CRUCIAL POINTS IN ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE. X. acupuncture research quarterly. 1985;35:72-5 (eng). 233- gera: 16881/di/ra [5-HYDROXYTRYPTAMINE IS AN IMPORTANT MEDIATOR FOR BOTH HIGH LOW FREQUENCY ELECTROACUPUNCTURE ANALGESIA]. ZHANG MIN ET AL. acupuncture research. 1985;10(3):212-15 (chi*).

234- gera: 9151/di/ra [L'IMPORTANCE DE 15 POINTS CRUCIAUX EN ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE]. ZHU LONGYU. american journal of acupuncture. 1985;13(1):15-23 (eng). Présentation de 15 points situés sur des troncs nerveux périphériques pour l'électro-acupuncture. 235- gera: 12126/di/ra ELEKTROAKUPUNKTUR IN DER REHABILITATION CHOLEZYSTEKTOMIERTER PATIENTEN. ZOLNIKOW SM ET AL. deutsche zeitschrift fur akupunktur. 1985;6:132-5 (deu*). The effect of electro-acupuncture on the course of the postoperative recovery phase of hepatocytes following surgery on efferent bile ducts was investigated. 60 patients (38-72 years-old) underwent surgery under nitrous oxide- oxygen anesthesia and electric stimulation (no anesthetics) and received-aside from medicamentous intensive treatment-daily treatment with electroacupuncture (duration: 40 min, alternating current of 8-10 Hz) starting with the day of surgery. They were compared with a control group of 20 patients who received conventional treatment. Patients who reeceived therapy with electro-acupuncture revealed significantly faster normalization of serum lipids and liver enzymes, indicating more rapid reduction of "biliary hypertension" and faster reinstatement of the function of the hepatocytes, and especially, of the membranes thereof. Furthermore, the patients reported substantial alleviation of postoperative pain. The faster and less complicated repair process in the surgical area enables reduced drug administration, earlier mobilisation, and shorter after-treatment. 236- gera: 24692/di/ra THREE POLE ELECTRODE (A REVOLUTIONARY DESIGN IN ELECTROACUPUNCTURE AND BIO-ENERGY ELECTROTHERAPY). CHUNG C. acupuncture research quarterly. 1986;10(1):19-20 (eng). 237- gera: 18867/di/ra TENS TREATMENT AT HOME : DEPENDANCE OF THE EFFICACY ON FREQUENCY OF USE. FLOTER T. acupuncture and electrotherapeutics research. 1986;11(2):153-60 (eng). 238- gera: 17827/di/el ANALGESIC EFFECTS OF SEVERAL MODES OF ELECTROACUPUNCTURE IN MONKEYS AND THEIR REVERSAL BY NALOXONE. HUANG YE ET AL. in research on acupuncture,moxibustion and acupuncture anesthesia,beijing. 1986;:60-69 (eng). 239- gera: 28768/nd/tt LEHRBUCH DER ELEKTROAKUPUNKTUR. Dl.1. KRAMER F. haug. 1986;:218P (deu). 240- gera: 28769/nd/tt LEHRBUCH DER ELEKTOAKUPUNKTUR. Dl.2. KRAMER F. haug. 1986;:338P (deu). 241- gera: 28772/nd/tt GRUNDLAGEN DER ELEKTROAKUPUNKTUR NACH VOLL. LEONHARDT H. mlv. 1986;:352P (deu). 242- gera: 16713/di/ra [RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PRESSOR EFFECT OF ELECTROACUPUNCTURE AND FUNCTIONS OF A1, A5, AND LOCUS COERULEUS NUCLEI]. LI HUILIN ET AL. acupuncture research. 1986;11(1):44 (chi*). Our experiments showed that analgesic electroacupuncture (EA : 8c/s, 3V) had a pressor effect in conscious paralysed male rats under artificial respiration. The pressor effects of "Zusanli-Sanyinjiao" and "Quchi-Neiguan" were statistically

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15 different, suggesting that the effects of different acupoints were relatively specific. There was no significant difference between effects of different EA parameters used. In further experiments, electrostimulation of A1 (or A5, locus coeruleus) or microinjection of sodium glutamate into locus coeruleus produced a marked rise in blood pressure, but the pressor effect of EA remained unchanged after bilateral lesions of At or A5 nuclei. Thus, it is likely that A1 and A5 areas do not play an important role in pressor effect of EA. On the contrary, the pressor effect of EA was abolished by bilateral lesions of locus coeruleus, indicating that locus coeruleus (A,) plays a 243- gera: 28402/nd/tt RYODORAKU AKUPUNKTUR. NAKATANI,ET YAMASHITA. otto spatz, wiesbaden. 1986;:209P (deu). 244- gera: 28397/nd/tt ELEKTRO-BIOLOGISCHER ENERGIEAUSGLEICH UND AKUPUNKTUR. PETER ABELS FRIEDRICH CH HORN. therapie-verlags-gesellschaft mbh, kaufbeuren. 1986;:231P (deu). 245- gera: 28778/nd/tt ATLAS DER ELEKTROAKUPUNKTUR NACH VOLL. RUF I. mlv. 1986;:218P (deu). 246- gera: 9227/di/tt ACUPUNCTURE ET ELECTRONIQUE. SCHVALLINGER C. maloine,paris. 1986;:398P (fra). 1) La théorie : les points d'acupuncture et méridiens, la détection électrique, l'électro-stimulation, les autres formes de stimulation bio-électroniques. 2) La thérapeutique, classement appareil par appareil. Pour chaque affection : conception et traitement par la MTC, stimulation, neuro-acupuncturale, auriculo-thérapie et 247- gera: 17949/di/el EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF SCREENING OF STIMULATION PARAMETERS OF ELECTRIC NEEDLING IN ACUPUNCTURE ANESTHESIA. SHI MINSHENG ET AL. in research on acupuncture,moxibustion and acupuncture anesthesia,beijing. 1986;:1157-62 (eng). 248- gera: 18862/di/ra COMPARISON OF THE EFFECTS OF LEAVING NEEDLE, DIRECT CURRENT ELECTRICAL ACUPUNCTURE, AND LOW-FREQUENCY ELECTRICAL ACUPUNCTURE*. SHINOHARA S ET AL. acupuncture and electrotherapeutics research. 1986;11(2):101-110 (eng). 249- gera: 13757/di/ra EFFECT OF DIFFERENT WAVEFORMS ON ACUTE PLEURISY DURING ELECTRICAL ACUPUNCTURE. SIN YM. american journal of acupuncture. 1986;14(1):39-42 (eng). Acute inflammation was produced by the injection of carrageenan into the pleural cavity of the rat. Immediately after the injection, both ears were treated with electrical acupuncture. The pulse current used for stimulation was adjusted to five different waveforms and modulated when necessary to 15 or 25 cycles per minute. Results showed that better suppressive effect of acute inflammation was obtained when disperse wave of 8 Hz and dense-disperse wave of 15 cycles per minute were used. On the other hand, waveforms of dense-disperse of 25 cycles per minute, and ripple and sawtooth in both cycles per minute exhibited an adverse effect by enhancing the acute inflammation. Hence, the findings indicate that an acupuncture point remote from the disease area when stimulated by different waveforms of the pulse current will produce different therapeutic or adverse effects. Possible mechanisms involved in the suppression and enhancement of acute inflammation during electrical acupuncture

250- gera: 28780/nd/tt ODONTOGENE HERDE UND STORFAKTOREN. DIAGNOSTIK UND THERAPIE MITTELS EAV. THOMSON J. mlv. 1986;:174P (deu). 251- gera: 17853/di/el EFFECT OF NALOXONE ON ANALGESIA PRODUCED BY DIFFERENT STRENGHTS OF ELECTROACUPUNCTURE. ZHANG ANZHONG ET AL. in research on acupuncture,moxibustion and acupuncture anesthesia,beijing. 1986;:296-302 (eng). 252- gera: 18864/di/ra COMPARISON BETWEEN TRANSCUTANEOUS NERVE STIMULATION ANALGESIC EFFECT AND ELECTROACUPUNCTURE ANALGESIC EFFECT IN RABBITS. ZHOU GZ ET AL. acupuncture and electrotherapeutics research. 1986;11(2):119-25 (eng). 253- gera: 19166/di/ra A PROPOS DE L'ELECTROSTIMULATION DES POINTS D'ACUPUNCTURE... AUBE P. acupuncture. 1987;91:21-23 (fra). 254- gera: 23467/di/re [INHIBITORY MECHANISMS OF THE ELECTROACUPUNCTURE EFFECT]. CHUVIN BT ET AL. patologicheskaia fiziologiia i eksperimentalnaia terapiia. 1987;(6):32-5 (rus*). 255- gera: 11/di/ra INFLUENCE OF NALOXONE ON ELECTROACUPUNCTURE ANALGESIA USING AN EXPERIMENTAL DENTAL PAIN TEST. REVIEW OF POSSIBLE MECHANISM OF ACTION ERNST M. acupuncture and electrotherapeutics research. 1987;12(1):5-22 (eng). The purpose of this study was to examine in man the analgesic effect of non-segmental electroacupuncture (EA) limited to a single point (Hoku hand point) and the influence of naloxone using an original modified electrical dental pain test. Results in the literature are still contradictory as to the degree and specificity of acupuncture analgesia and its opioid nature. Acupuncture techniques as well as experimental pain models are factors accounting for the discrepancies in the results. For this reason, we designed an experimental pain test characterized by a high degree of specificity, validity and reliability. We chose optimal conditions for eliciting specific acupuncture effect ,i.e, non-segmental, low frequency and painful intensity range. A cross-over repeated measure experimental design was used. Five normal trained subjects participated in 65 sessions under four conditions (control, EA, EA+naloxone, EA+placebo). Changes in experimental dental pain thresholds served as indices of analgesia.The results indicated a 27% pain threshold increase after 30 minutes of EA stimulation (p<.0001), with no differential effect between pain detection (mild pain sensation) and pain discomfort (strong pain sensation) . This increase was partially blocked by the double blind injection of 0.8mg naloxone IM (p< .005) .The experiment was designed in such a way as to prevent the occurence of a stress analgesic effect. The endogeneous opioid system was shown to be partially involved in acupuncture analgesia. Other mechanisms of action are discussed in view of the literature findings. 256- gera: 26695/di/el ATTENUATION OF LOW BUT NOT HIGH FREQUENCY ELECTROACUPUNCTURE ANALGESIA BY INJECTION OF MONOSODIUM GLUTAMATE (MSG) IN NEONATAL RATS. FAN SG ET AL. in han js, the neurochemical basis of pain relief by acupuncture, beijing. 1987;:349. (eng). 257- gera: 21249/di/cg

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16 NEW EVIDENCE SHOWING DIFFERENTIAL RELEASE FROM SPINAL CORD OF ENKEPHALIN AND DYNORPHIN BY LOW AND HIGH FREQUENCY ELECTROACUPUNCTURE. FEI H ET AL. in compilation of the abstracts of acupuncture and moxibustion papers, beijing. 1987;:200 (eng). 258- gera: 26693/di/el [DIFFERENTIAL RELEASE OF MET-ENKEPHALIN AND DYNORPHIN IN SPINAL CORD BY ELECTROACUPUNCTURE OF DIFFERENT FREQUENCIES]. FEI H ET AL. in han js, the neurochemical basis of pain relief by acupuncture, beijing. 1987;:342-346 (chi*). Reproduction de l'article paru dans Kexue Tongbao 31(19) : 1512-1515, 1986. 259- gera: 25175/di/cg NEW EVIDENCE SHOWING DIFFERENTIAL RELEASE FROM SPINAL CORD OF ENKEPHALIN AND DYNORPHIN BY LOW AND HIGH FREQUENCY ELECTROACUPUNCTURE. FEI HONG ET AL. selections from article abstracts on acupuncture and moxibustion, beijing. 1987;:491 (eng). 260- gera: 26694/di/el NEW EVIDENCE SUPPORTING DIFFERENTIAL RELEASE OF ENKEPHALIN AND DYNORPHIN BY LOW AND HIGH FREQUENCY ELECTROACUPUNCTURE STIMULATION. FEI HONG ET AL. in han js, the neurochemical basis of pain relief by acupuncture, beijing. 1987;:347-348 (eng). 261- gera: 22180/nd/re [METHOD OF TREATING BY ELECTROACUPUNCTURE USING THE RAMPA-2 DEVICE]. GAPONIUK PIA ET AL. voprosy kurortologii fizioterapii i lechbnoi fizicheskoi. 1987;3:68-9 (rus). 262- gera: 24006/di/ra VALUTAZIONE DELL'APPARECCHIO DBJ -1 PER AGOPUNTURA A MICROONDEY. GATTO ROBERTO M. quaderni di agopuntura tradizionale. 1987;8(1-4):95-105 (ita). 263- gera: 21828/di/re ANTIEMETIC STUDIES WITH TRADITIONAL CHINESE ACUPUNCTURE. A COMPARAISON OF MANUAL NEEDLING WITH ELECTRICAL STIMULATION AND COMMONLY USED ANTIEMETICS. GHALY RG ET AL. anaesthesia. 1987;42:1108-10 (eng). The application of low frequency (10Hz) electrical current for 5 minutes to an acupuncture needle placed at the P6 (Neiguan) point is as effective as manual needling in the reduction of emetic sequelae in women premedicated with nalbuphine 10mg for a minor gynaecological operation carried out under a standard anaesthetic. Both were slightly, but not significantly better than the antiemetic properties of cyclizine 50 mg. 264- gera: 26692/di/el [THE FREQUENCY AS THE CARDINAL DETERMINANT FOR ELECTROACUPUNCTURE ANALGESIA TO BE REVERSED BY OPIOID ANTAGONISTS]. HAN JI-SHENG ET AL. in han js, the neurochemical basis of pain relief by acupuncture, beijing. 1987;:341. (chi*). Résumé de l'article paru dans Beijing Medecine 1(1) : 34-37, 1979. 265- gera: 21259/di/cg ANALGESIC EFFECT OF LOW FREQUENCY ELECTROTHERAPY IN CUTANEOUS PAIN : COMPARISON OF THREE TYPES OF ELECTRODES. HIROHISA ODA ET AL. in compilation of the abstracts of acupuncture and moxibustion papers, beijing. 1987;:212 (eng).

266- gera: 20265/di/ra [THE CLINICAL EFFECT OBSERVATION OF THE ADOLESCENT MYOPIA BY MZ-1 MEDICAL PULSE STIMULATOR ON 704 CASES]. JIA HONGHAI ET AL. chinese acupuncture and moxibustion. 1987;7(2):11 (chi*). This paper showed the clinical effect of treating the adolescent myopia by MZ-1 medical pulse stimulator on 704 cases, i. e. 1335 eyes. In which marked effect was 147 eyes (10,85 %), the effect was 808 eyes (59.63 %), total effect rate was 70,48 %. The method was to ask the patients to do massage exercises in eyes by themselves before treatment, then to puncture bilateral Jingming, Taiyang, Sibai points by MZ-1 medical pulse stimulator. The stimulation time was five minutes, the frequency 80-100 times/minute, the strength that the patient could stand. Once each day, ten times constitute one course, continue courses still cure. 267- gera: 26690/di/el HIGH AND LOW FREQUENCY ELECTROACUPUNCTURE ANALGESIA ARE MEDIATED BY DIFFERENT OPIOID PEPTIDES. JS HAN ET AL. in han js, the neurochemical basis of pain relief by acupuncture, beijing. 1987;:331. (eng). Résumé de l'article paru dans Kexue Tongbao in press, 1987. 268- gera: 21998/di/cg CLINICAL REPORT ABOUT CONTROLLING POSTPARTUM HEMORRHAGE WITH ELECTRIC-STIMULATION AT ACUPUNTURE POINTS. LI GOUAN ET AL. in selections from article abstracts on acupuncture and moxibustion, beijing. 1987;:134 (eng). Utilisation de la stimulation électrique durant l'accouchement pour renforcer les contractions utérines et prévenir les hémorragies du post-partum. Les points utilisés sont le 1Rte et 6Rte, stimulation par courant continu 20 c/mn pendant 20 mn, puis ajusté à 60-80 c/mn quand la tête du foetus apparait. La stimulation est arrêtée après l'expulsion du placenta. Appareil utilisé : BT701. Bons résultats obtenus sur un groupe de 18 femmes et comparativement à un groupe de 22, traitées par ocytociques. 269- gera: 22588/di/ra CAN ACUPUNCTURE RESPONSE IN PAIN CONDITIONS BE PREDICTED RELIABLY. NG EK. new zealand journal of acupuncture. 1987;:19-20 (eng). 270- gera: 16/di/ra BASIC ELECTRICAL PARAMETERS FOR SAFE AND EFFECTIVE ELECTRO-THERAPEUTICS [ELECTRO- ACUPUNCTURE, TES, TENMS, (OR TEMS), TENS AND ELECTRO-MAGNETIC FIELD STIMULATION WITH WITHOUR DRUG FIELD] FOR PAIN ETC. OMURA Y. acupuncture and electrotherapeutics research. 1987;12(3-4):201-25 (eng). 271- gera: 28777/nd/tt BILDATLAS ZUR BFD. BIOELEKTRONISCHE FUNKTIONSDIAGNOSTIK BEI HERDERKRANKUNGEN UND TOXIKOSEN ANHAND VON SYNDROMBILDERN. PFLAUM H. haug. 1987;:146P (deu). 272- gera: 24425/di/ra TAO SYSTEM DIAGNOSIS AND THERAPY BY USING SMALL ELECTRICAL STIMULATION IN TISSUE CULTURE. SANCHEZ JUAREZ A ET AL. international conference on tcm and pharmacology,shanghai. 1987;:854-6 (eng). 273- gera: 20762/di/ra THE LT-100 (LIGT PEN) : PAIN AND HEALING THERAPY MADE SIMPLER AND EFFECTIVE. SHAPIRO R ET AL. alternative medicine. 1987;2(1):1 (eng). 274- gera: 21292/di/cg

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17 PROBLEMS OF MICROWAVE ACUPUNCTURE. SIT'KO SERGEY. in compilation of the abstracts of acupuncture and moxibustion papers, beijing. 1987;:247 (eng). 275- gera: 22410/di/ra [EFFECTS OF ELECTROACUPUNCTURE STIMULATION (EAC) OF DIFFERENT FREQUENCIES ON THE EXCITABILITY OF FIBRES OF VARIOUS GROUPS]. TANG JINGSHI. acupuncture research. 1987;12(1):68-72 (chi*). 276- gera: 20285/di/ra [THE INVESTIGATION ON ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE TREATMENT OF PERIPHERAL FACIAL PARALYSIS AT ACUTE STAGE]. TANG XIANLIN ET AL. chinese acupuncture and moxibustion. 1987;7(5):3 (chi*). This paper deals with electro-acupuncture treatment of 100 cases of peripheral facial paralysis at acute stage, in which 84 cases were cured, 1G cases were improved, the effective rate being 100%. The most treatments are 30 while the less are 18. Points selected: Xiaguan, Quanliao, Yanghai, Taiyang, Dicang' etc. The dense-disperse wave and intermittent wave are considered as the best waveforms, and tile best frequency is 5-50/second. Such low-frequency pulse electro-acupuncture is in conformity completely with the neuromuscular physiological characteristics, it is therefore most suitable for the treatment of facial paralysis at acute stage. 277- gera: 28781/nd/tt KOPFHERDE. DIAGNOSTIK UND THERAPIE MITTELS ELEKTROAKUPUNKTUR UND MEDIKAMENTENTESTUNG. VOLL R. mlv. 1987;:294P (deu). 278- gera: 28790/nd/tt SUPPLEMENTBAND. SYNTHETISCHE MESSPUNKTE DER EAV FUR DIE GRANZHEITSDIAGNOSTIK. VOLL R. mlv. 1987;:133P (deu). 279- gera: 29840/nd/tt NEUE FORSCHUNGSERGEBNISSE DER ELEKTROAKUPUNKTUR NACH VOLL. JUBILÄUMSKONGRESSRICHT 1986 DER INTERNATIONALEN MEDISINISCHEN GESELLSCHAFT FÜR ELEKTOAKUPUNKTUR NACH VOLL. X. medizinisch literarische verlagsgesellschaft mbh,uelzen. 1987;:131P (deu). 280- gera: 26691/di/el ANALGESIA PRODUCED BY ELECTROACUPUNCTURE OF DIFFERENT FREQUENCIES ARE MEDIATED BY DIFFERENT VARIETIES OF OPIODS IN THE SPINAL CORD. XIE GUO-XI ET AL. in han js, the neurochemical basis of pain relief by acupuncture, beijing. 1987;:332-333 (eng). 281- gera: 25153/di/cg EFFECT OF ELECTROACUPUNCTURE AT HUANTIAO AND YANGLINGQUAN POINTS WITH DIFFERENT TYPE OF WAVE FORM ON NOCICEPTIVE RESPONSES IN THE *. XN WEI ET AL. selections from article abstracts on acupuncture and moxibustion, beijing. 1987;:468 (eng). 282- gera: 26390/di/el 5-HYDROXYTRYPTAMINE IS AN IMPORTANT MEDIATOR FOR BOTH HIGH AND LOW FREQUENCY ELECTROACUPUNCTURE ANALGESIA. ZHANG MIN, ET AL. in han js, the neurochemical basis of pain relief by acupuncture, beijing. 1987;:109. (eng). Résumé de l'article paru dans Acupuncture Research, 1985, 10(3), 212-215. 283- gera: 22095/di/cg ELECTRIC ACUPOINT PRESSING NEEDLE WITH

DISPLAY SCREEN. ITS CLINICAL PRATICE AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH. ZHAO BANGLIAN ET AL. in selections from article abstracts on acupuncture and moxibustion, beijing. 1987;:241 (eng). 284- gera: 25307/di/cg EFFECTS OF ELECTROACUPUNCTURE AT DIFFERENT POINTS ON THE EVOKED DISCHARGES OF DORSAL HORN NEURONS IN RATS WITH ACUTE EXPERIMENTAL ARTHRITIS. ZHAO FEIYU ET AL. selections from article abstracts on acupuncture and moxibustion, beijing. 1987;:625 (eng). Induction chez le rat d'une arthrite expérimentale par injection d'adjuvant de Freund. L'action de l'électroacupuncture au niveau de différents points est étudiée par l'enregistrement des décharges spontanées au niveau des neurones de la corne dorsale. Chez le rat arthritique, on observe une élévation des décharges spontanées, cette élévation est inhibée par électroacupuncture. 3Rn et 5Rte donnent les meilleurs résultats par rapport à 60V et 40VB ou 34VB. 5TR et 11GI n'ont une action qu'à une stimulation de 4 volts et non 2 volts. 285- gera: 32663/di/ra [CLINICAL APPLICATION OF MICROWAVE ACUPUNCTURE ANAESTHESIA]. ZHAO YUWEN. journal of beijing tcm college. 1987;5:31 (chi). 286- gera: 25034/di/cg THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ACUPUNCTURE ANESTHESIA EFFECTIVENESS AND THE ELECTRICAL STIMULATING CURRENT AND VOLTAGE. ZHEN QIZHI ET AL. selections from article abstracts on acupuncture and moxibustion, beijing. 1987;:322 (eng). 287- gera: 83016/di/ra [AN EVALUATION OF MUSIC-RYTHM LOW-FREQUENCY ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE]. AKIRA KAWACHI ET AL. journal of the japan society of acupuncture. 1988;38(3):295-9 (jap*). We have been studying the optimal condition of low-frequency electro-acupuncture. In the present paper, clinical effect of music-rhythm low-frequency electro-acupuncture on shoulder stiffness was evaluated. In this therapy, musical rhythms was directly converted to pulse waves. Subjects were fifty patients with chronic shoulder stiffness who visited the anesthesical department of Osaka Medical College and assented to be a subject of this experiment. Each patient underwent the following three methods in random order : conventional 3Hz continuous- wave low-frequency electro-acupuncture (C method), music-rhythm low-frequency electro-acupuncture without music sound (S method), music-rhythm low-frequency electro-acupuncture with music sound (M method). The acupoints such as "Tianzhu" and "Jianjing", which were reported by the Acupoint Committee of Japan Acupuncturists' Association as frequently used ones, were selected as basic points. Music-rhythm low-frequency electro-acupuncture was carried out using a special signal discriminating apparatus which output alternating square waves (1-100Hz) synchronizing with a music tape. Electrical stimulation was given for 15 minutes. The music was from an aIbum of Japanese popular songs called Enka. N°. 20 needles of 30mm in length were used. The effect of each method was evaluated by the patient immediately after the treatment using a numerical scale. The numerical evaluation was classed into four grades ("remarkably effective", "effective", "slightly effective", "not effective"), and "remarkably effective" and "effective" cases were counted as effective ones. Comfortableness was rated using a visual analog scale with 11 grade { -5 (discomfort) : 0 : +5 (comfort)} . As to the immediate effect, "effective" was seen in 60% cases of C method (30/50), 58% of S method (29/50) and 76% of M method (38/50). M method showed 20% higher effectiveness than C and S method. This was statistically significant. Averaged comfortableness was 2,1 in C method, 1,9 in S method and 2,7 in M method. We demonstrated the effectiveness of music-rhythm low-frequency electro-acupuncture on shoulder

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18 stiffness. To give music sound simultaneously is 288- gera: 26617/di/ra STREE OF ELECTRIC STIMULATION IN VETERINARY ACUPUNCTURE. BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. veterinary acupuncture newsletter. 1988;14(3):12* (eng). 289- gera: 25424/nd/re [COMBINED USE ELECTROACUPUNCTURE AND SODIUM OXYBUTYRATE FOR ANESTHESIA]. DOLGIKH VG ET AL. patologicheskaia fiziologiia i eksperimentalnaia terapiia. 1988;3:15-7 (rus). 290- gera: 27561/di/tt APARATOS DE ELECTROACUPUNTURA. COMO Y CUANDO UTILZARLOS. FRATKIN J. mandala ediciones,madrid. 1988;:80P (esp). Traduction espagnole de "The WQ-10 electroacupuncture machine. How and when to use it". 291- gera: 25457/nd/re [A NEW PORTABLE EQUIPMENT FOR ELECTROACUPUNCTURE BIOTONUS NOVYI PORTATIVNYI APPARAT DLIA ELEKTROPUNKTURY BIOTONUS]. GAPONIUK PIA ET ALDUBOVSKAIA LA ET AL. voprosy kurortologii fizioterapii i lechebnoi fizicheskoi kultury. 1988;(2):62-3 (rus). 292- gera: 26866/di/ra STRESS OF ELECTRIC STIMULATION IN VETERINARY ACUPUNCTURE. HWANG YC. veterinary acupuncture newsletter. 1988;14(3):12 (eng). 293- gera: 25530/di/ra ADDITIVE NON-INVASIVE TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH CONSUMPTIVE DISEASES (résumé). JUNGCK D. acupuncture and electrotherapeutics research. 1988;13(4):222. (eng). 294- gera: 27240/di/re EFFECT OF ACUPUNCTURE ON SINUS PAIN AND EXPERIMENTALLY INDUCED PAIN. LUNDEBERG T ET AL. ear nose throat. 1988;67(8):565-75 (eng). A study was carried out to determine the effects of acupuncture on thermal sensitivity and the clinical perception of pain in 35 patients with sinusitis and on the thermal sensitivity of 12 healthy subjects. Patients received either acupuncture with manual stimulation, 2 Hz electroacupuncture, 80 Hz electroacupuncture, or two different modes of placebos. The intensity of pain was reduced in 13 of 21 patients receiving active stimulations, but in only 4 of 14 patients receiving placebo treatments. Thresholds for the perceptions of cold, warm, and heat sensations did not differ significantly between painful and nonpainful skin areas in patients or between patients and healthy controls. Despite our finding that 17 of the 35 patients had a definite reduction in the intensity of sinus pain, no significant changes in thermal sensitivity was noted in any of these test groups. 295- gera: 51273/di/re AURICULAR MICRO ELECTROSTIMULATION : NALOXONE-REVERSIBLE ATTENUATION OF OPIATE ABSTINENCE SYNDROME. MALIN D ET AL. biological psychiatry. 1988;24:886-90 (eng). This study evaluated the effects in rats of very low amplitude (10 µamp) charge-balanced 10-Hz stimulation delivered bilaterally to low impedance points on the outer ear. This microelectrostimulation markedly and significantly reduced the number of opiate abstinence signs observed following a week of continuous morphine infusion. This effect was prevented by subcutaneous injection of 3 mg/kg naloxone, suggesting that stimulation of endogenous opioid activity plays a major role in the actions of auricular microelectrostimulation.

296- gera: 80449/di/ THEORETISCHE UND PRATISCHE PROBLEME DER ELEKTROPUNKTUR. PORTNOV F. deutsche zeitschrift fur akupunktur. 1988;4:98-100 (deu). 297- gera: 29823/nd/tt ORGANOMETRIE NACH VOLL. ROSSMANN H. haug verlag,heidelberg. 1988;:127P (deu). 298- gera: 81023/di/ra DIE ANWENDUNG DER ELEKTROAKUPUNKTUR NACH VOLL (EAV) ZUR DIAGNOSTIK UND THERAPIE. ROSSMANN H. akupunktur theorie und praxis. 1988;4:242-51 (deu*). 299- gera: 80438/di/ UNTERSUCHUNGEN DES EINFLUSSES AUSGEWAHLTER PARAMETER DES ELEKTRISCHEN STROMES AUF DEN AKUPUNKTUPUNKT UNTER DEM ASPEKT DER OPTIMALEN WAHL DER STROMPARAMETER BEI IHRER AUSNUTZUNG IN DER*. SZOPINSKI J ET AL. deutsche zeitschrift fur akupunktur. 1988;6:128-132 (deu*). 300- gera: 28775/nd/tt ELECTROACUPUNCTUUR (EN BIOELEKTRONISCHE FUNCTIE DIAGNOSTIEK/BFD). VAN DE MOLEN C. tijdstroom. 1988;: (ned). 301- gera: 80618/di/ra THE ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE TREATMENT. WANG BENXIAN. chinese journal of acupuncture and moxibustion. 1988;1(3-4):119-126 (eng). 302- gera: 29860/nd/tt ELEKTROAKUPUNKTUR-FIBEL. WERNER F ET VOLL R. medizinisch literarische verlagsgesellschaft mbh,uelzen. 1988;:256P (deu). 303- gera: 23317/di/ra [FREQUENCY OF ELECTROACUPUNCTURE AS A CARDINAL FACTOR DETERMINING THE POTENCY OF ANALGESIA AND ITS VULNERABILITY TO NALOXONE*]. XIAOMIN W ET AL. acupuncture research. 1988;13(1):58-63 (chi*). 304- gera: 27765/di/ra INTRINSIC MECHANISM OF INDIVIDUAL VARIATIONS IN ACUPUNCTURE ANALGESIA : MECHANISMS OF RESPONDER AND NON-RESPONDER (abstract). CHIFUYU TAKESHIGE. acupuncture and electrotherapeutics research. 1989;14(3/4):279-0 (eng). 305- gera: 28409/nd/tt LEHRBUCH DER ELEKTROAKUPUNKTUR BAND1 : DIE GRUNDLAGEN. KRAMER F. hang, wiesbaden. 1989;:220P (deu). 306- gera: 50714/di/ra [APPLICATION OF PLURALISTIC DIAGNOSING AND TREATING INSTRUMENT ON THE CHANNELS AND COLLETERALS]. LAN DATIAN ET AL. chinese acupuncture and moxibustion. 1989;9(6):35-8 (chi*). Common persons should feel common warm, patients should feel pains, numbness and sansitiveness after using the pluralistic diagnosing and treating instrument on 14 Channels and Collaterals due to 140 -50c given by the instrument. As treatments go, the uncommon feelling should disapeare, bat

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19 common warm. This instrument can be used for many kinds of diseases and can good results. It can be used at patients home by themselves. 307- gera: 27002/di/ra CHANGES OF PAIN THRESHOLD OF RATS AFTER STIMULATION OF THE LATERAL AREA OF HYPOTHALAMUS WITH DIFFERENT FREQUENCY STIMULI. LI SUJE ET AL. acupuncture research. 1989;14(1-2):70-71 (eng). 308- gera: 80295/di/ra [RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE CONTENT OF CENTRAL SUBSTANCE P AND THE ANALGESIC EFFECT OF ACUPUNCTURE WITH OPIOID RECEPTORS AGONIST IN INDUCED ARTHRITIS RATS]. LI XIATI ET AL. acupuncture research. 1989;14(3):374-77 (chi*). Substance P(SP) immunoreactivity in the rat brain and spinal cord were measured by radioimmunoassay and studied to correlat with the analgesic effect induced by electroacupuncture(EA). The results showed following : (1) There was a significant elevation in SP levels in the hippocampus, hypothalamus and striatum after 30min of EA. There was a markedly fall in the spinal cord. Statistical analysis revealed a positive correlation between the EA effect and the SP content in hypothalamus, striatum and statistical analysis revealed a correlation. In the spinal cord (p<0.01), while the SP content in the hippocampus exhibited a similar degree of elevation in non responsive and good responsive animals to EA stimulation. (2) SP levels in the hippocampus, hypothalamus and striatum were increased by electroacupuncture stimulation (3v). The frequency of 1.5Hz was no obvious difference as compared with 100Hz in the effects on brain SP content. (3) SP content in the spinal cord decreased only using eIectroacupuncture stimulations of combination of higher intensity (3v) and higher frequency (100 Hz). (4) This effect could be blocked by the naloxone (i.p) and LSD (icv), but icv injection of Met-enkephalin antibodies had no 309- gera: 27074/di/ra EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON THE ANALGESIC ACTIONS OF DEEP PUNCTURE AT "YANGGUAN" POINT. LIANG XUNCHANG ET AL. acupuncture research. 1989;14(1-2):194-196 (eng). 166 SD rats weighing from 150 to 250g, used in this experiment were randomly divided into groups. Electroacupuncture needles were connected to a DM-A acupuncture instrument of fixed quantities. By using a WQ- 9E dolorimeter, St electrode was inserted into the subcutis of the middle of a rat's tail and non-electrode into the sole of a rat. The PT at the moment of rat's screaming was measured as milliaperes with interruptive increasing impulse current. Prior to the experiment stable constants was measured three times to indicate basal pain threshold the method of puncturing the "Yangguan" point refers to needle through the acupoint of skin direct to suberachmoid space to corresponding to pierce the interspace of spines between fourth and fifth lumbar vertebrae of the human body. Results : 1 ) The analgesic actions of deep penetration of "yangguan" point are considerably satisfactory for 40 minutes, the frequency used was low (4-16 HZ) and the voltages were increased from 0.5 to 3v step by step with fixed quantity of rising strength at regular time. The analgesic actions of electroacupuncture of 4 groups of points : "Yangguan- Huantiao", double "Zusanli", double "Huantiao" and "Zusanli-Huantiao" were observed separately. It was found that effectiveness of electroacupuncture at the group of "Yangguan" points were by far superior to those at the other three groups of points, and the difference were considerably signicant (P<0. 001). 2) The analgesic actions of deeply penetrating the "Yangguan" point by using electroacupuncture at low frequency (4-16Hz) were better than those with high frequency (8000-2000Hz), P<0. 001. 3) With regard to the safety of deeply penetrating the "Yangguan" point during animal experiments, the strenght of electroacupuncture with low frequency must be confined within 3 to 6 volts, while that with high frequency should be restricted within 13 to 25 volts so that in such cases the harmful reaction could be avoided

during animal experiment. The results indicate that electroacupuncture method of deeply penetrating the "Yangguan" point gave better analgesic actions at low frequency in the same strength. In the strength of stimulation are confined within definite limits, a 310- gera: 27787/di/ra ELECTRICAL STIMULATION PARAMETERS (abstract). LOSCO M. acupuncture and electrotherapeutics research. 1989;14(3/4):326-7 (eng). 311- gera: 29851/nd/tt DIE MESSPUNKTE DER ELEKTROAKUPUNKTUR NACH VOLL (EAV) AN HÄNDEN UND FÜSSEN. VOLL R. medizinisch literarische verlagsgesellschaft mbh,uelzen. 1989;:52P (eng). 312- gera: 27044/di/ra FREQUENCY OF ELECTROACUPUNCTURE AS A CARDINAL FACTOR DETERMINING THE POTENCY OF ANALGESIA AND ITS VULNERABILITY TO NALOXONE BLOCKADE IN RABBITS. WANG XIAOMIN ET AL. acupuncture research. 1989;14(1-2):141-143 (eng). 313- gera: 29839/nd/tt ELEKTROAKUPUNKTUR NACH VOLL. EIN ÜBERBLICK FÜR DIE ANWENDUNG IN DER TÄGLICHEN PRAXIS. X. medizinisch literarische verlagsgesellschaft mbh,uelzen. 1989;:125P (deu). 314- gera: 27780/di/ra COMPARISON BETWEEN THE EFFECTS OF RELATIVELY HIGH FREQUENCY (50-100 PULSES/SEC.) AND VERY LOW FREQUENCY (1-3 PULSES/SEC.) OF ELECTRICAL STIMULATION APPLIED ON BOTH EARS FOR THE TREATMENT * (abstract). YOSHIAKI OMURA. acupuncture and electrotherapeutics research. 1989;14(3/4):304. (eng). 315- gera: 27084/di/ra APPLICATION OF THREE STIMULATION PATTERNS IN 623 ACUPUNCTURE ANESTHESIA FOR THYROID OPERATION. ZHANG RENHUI. acupuncture research. 1989;14(1-2):214-216 (eng). 316- gera: 26947/di/ra [THE DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION INITIAL IN CLINIC OF XXH-IIA MODEL INSTRUMENT OF ELECTRO- DIAGNOSES AND ELECTRO-THERAPEUTICS FOR ACUPOINT AND MERIDIAN]. ZHANGNG LINGSHAN ET AL. chinese acupuncture and moxibustion. 1989;9(3):43-44 (chi*). 317- gera: 80075/di/el [THE DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION INITIAL IN CLINIC OF XXH-IIA MODEL INSTRUMENT OF ELECTRO- DIAGNOSES AND ELECTRO-THERAPEUTICS FOR ACUPOINT AND MERIDIAN]. ZHANGNG LONGSHAN ET AL. chinese acupuncture and moxibustion. 1989;9(3):43-4 (chi*). 318- gera: 25772/di/ra [INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT FREQUENCIES ON ELECTROACUPUNCTURE ANALGESIA AND TOLERANCE]. ZHAO FEIYUE ET AL. chinese acupuncture and moxibustion. 1989;9(1):23-26 (chi*). 319- gera: 82244/di/cg MODIFICATIONS DU SYSTEME METENKEPHALINERGIQUE AU NIVEAU DE LA MOELLE EPINIERE DU CHAT APRES APPLICATION DE

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20 L'ELECTROACUPUNTURE (EA) DE BASSE FREQUENCE. COBOS R. 2eme congres mondial d'acupuncture et moxibustion, paris. 1990;:157. (fra). 320- gera: 81250/di/ra [INFLUENCE OF MICROINJECTION OF DYNORPHIN ANTIBODY INTO PERIACQUEDUCTAL GRAY (PAG) ON ANALGESIA INDUCED BY ELECTROACUPUNCTURE OF DIFFERENT FREQUENCIES IN RATS]. HE CHENGMIN ET AL. acupuncture research. 1990;15(2):97-103 (chi*). 321- gera: 82288/di/cg CLASSICAL ACUPUNCTURE VERSUS PHARMACO- AND ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE : A COMPARATIVE STUDY. HELLING R. 2eme congres mondial d'acupuncture et moxibustion, paris. 1990;:190. (eng). 322- gera: 29855/nd/tt MEDIKAMENTENTESTUNG NOSODENTHERAPIE UND MESENCHYMREAKTIVIERUNG. VOLL R ET AL. medizinisch literarische verlagsgesellschaft mbh,uelzen. 1990;:560P (deu). 323- gera: 80869/di/ra [STUDY OF THE LOCAL TISSUE PH DURING ELECTRICAL STIMULATION WITH ACUPUNCTURE NEEDLES]. X. journal of the japan society of acupuncture. 1990;40(1):50. (jap). 324- gera: 80888/di/ra [EFFECT OF RYODORAKU-TREATMENT ON INTRACTABLE DISEASES]. X. journal of the japan society of acupuncture. 1990;40(1):37. (jap). 325- gera: 80902/di/ra [THE INFLUENCES OF THE LOW FREQUENCY ELECTRICAL STIMULI ON THE SUPERFICIAL SKIN TEMPERATURE]. X. journal of the japan society of acupuncture. 1990;40(1):67. (jap). 326- gera: 80927/di/ra [THE BASIC STUDIES OF ELECTRIC ACUPUNCTURE ELECTRICAL CORROSION OF ACUPUNCTURE NEEDLES IN RATS]. X. journal of the japan society of acupuncture. 1990;40(1):92. (jap). 327- gera: 80928/di/ra [A HISTOLOGICAL STUDY OF SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE FOLLOWING ELECTRIC TREATMENTS]. X. journal of the japan society of acupuncture. 1990;40(1):93. (jap). 328- gera: 80930/di/ra [OBSERVATION OF LOCALIZED INFLAMMATION BY AMI]. X. journal of the japan society of acupuncture. 1990;40(1):95. (jap). 329- gera: 80931/di/ra [THE DISEASE PATTERNS ACCORDING TO AMI BEFORE POLARIZATION CURRENT]. X. journal of the japan society of acupuncture. 1990;40(1):96. (jap). 330- gera: 80932/di/ra [NATURAL RHYTHM MONITORED USING THE AMI]. X. journal of the japan society of acupuncture. 1990;40(1):97. (jap). 331- gera: 80935/di/ra

[EFFECT OF LOW FREQUENCY ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE ON A RHYTHM VIBRATION BED (BODYSONICPAD)]. X. journal of the japan society of acupuncture. 1990;40(1):100. (jap). 332- gera: 82548/di/ra ABOUT ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE. READERS RESPOND TO RESEARCH COLUMN QUESTIONS. CONCERN ABOUT THE EFFECTS OF ELECTRICAL STIMULATION OF ACUPUNCTURE POINTS. X. journal of traditional acupuncture. 1990;11(2):29-21 (eng). 333- gera: 82254/di/cg MICROWAVE RESONANCE THERAPY (MRT) : A NEW METHOD OF ACUPUNCTURE. YUDIN VA ET AL. 2eme congres mondial d'acupuncture et moxibustion, paris. 1990;:164. (eng). 334- gera: 82190/di/cg APPLICATION OF THREE STIMULATIONS PATTERNS IN 623 ACUPUNCTURE ANAESTHESIA FOR THYROID OPERATION. ZHANG R. 2eme congres mondial d'acupuncture et moxibustion, paris. 1990;:122. (eng). 335- gera: 29843/nd/tt EAV. EINE DARSTELLUNG IN BEREICHEN. BECHTLOFF F. medizinisch literarische verlagsgesellschaft mbh,uelzen. 1991;:236P (deu). 336- gera: 64056/di/ra ARCUATE NUCLEUS (ARH) AND PARABRACHIAL NUCLEUS (PBN) MEDIATE LOW AND HIGH-FREQUENCY ELECTROACUPUNCTURE ANALGESIA. (abstract). HAN JISHENG ET AL. acupuncture research. 1991;16(3-4):181 (eng). Systemic studies performed in our laboratory have led to the conclusion that low frequency (2Hz) electroacupuncture (EA) accelerated the release of enkephalin in the spinal cord, whereas high frequency (100Hz) EA increased the release of dynorphin. This conclusion which was mainly based on experiments on rats has recently been confirmed in humans. The aim of the present study was to find out brain areas (centers) which would receive low- or high- frequency inputs and to transfer the relevant signals to neurons containing enkephalin or dynorphin respectively. Experiments in rats revealed that ablation of the telencephalon and diencephalon, or selective lesioning of the arcuate nucleus of hypothalamus (ARH) abolished low frequency EA analgesia (LEAA) but not high frequency EAA (HEAA). On the contrary, electrolytic or kainate lesion of the PBN of the pons led to serious attenuation of HEAA without affecting LEAA. In animals subjected to kainate lesion of the ventral periaqueductal gray (VPAG), neither LEAA nor HEAA was functioning. However, microinjection of beta-endorphin (beta-EP) antiserum into vPAG only abolished LEAA but not HEAA. In addition, strong analgesia could be elicited by direct electrical simulation of either ARH or PBN, the optimal frequencies being 1:8, respectively. In rats made tolerant to LEAA by 6hr continuous EA stimulation, there was a cross tolerance toward ARH stimulation induced analgesia, and vice versa. Cross tolerance was also existing between HEAA and PBN stimulation produced analgesia. These results indicate that: (l) Signals induced by 2Hz EA reach ARH to activate beta-EP neurons which innervate vPAG whereby descending pathway originated to release enkephalins in the spinal cord. (2) High frequency signals arrive PBN which innervate vPAG whereby descending pathway originated to release dynorphins 337- gera: 37170/di/re EFFECT OF LOW-AND HIGH-FREQUENCY TENS ON MET-ENKEPHALIN-ARG-PHE AND DYNORPHIN A IMMUNOREACTIVITY IN HUMAN LUMBAR CSF. HAN JS ET AL. pain. 1991;47(3):295-8 (eng). Transcutaneous nerve stimulation (TENS) treatment was

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21 given for 30 min to 37 patients divided into 3 groups of 10 patients and 1 group of 7 patients. Two Groups received low-frequency (2 Hz) and the other groups high- frequency (100 Hz) stimulation. A diagnostic lumbar cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sample was obtained immediately before and after stimulation. The CSF samples were subjected to analysis of immunoreactive (ir) opioid peptides, Met-enkephalin-Arg-Phe (MEAP) from preproenkephalin and dynorphin A (Dyn A) from preprodynorphin, respectively. Low frequency TENS applied on the hand and the leg resulted in a marked increase (367%, P < 0.05) of ir-MEAP but not ir-Dyn A. whereas high-frequency (100) Hz) TENS produced a 49 % increase in ir-Dyn A (P < 0.01) but not ir-MEAP. This is the first report in humans that 2 Hz and 100 Hz peripheral stimulation induces differential release of peptides from preproenkephalin and preprodynorphin. respectively. 338- gera: 70109/nd/re EFFECT OF LOW-AND HIGH-FREQUENCY TENS ON MET-ENKEPHALIN-ARG-PHE AND DYNORPHIN A IMMUNOREACTIVITY IN HUMAN LUMBAR CSF. HAN JS ET AL. pain. 1991;47(3):295-8 (eng). Transcutaneous nerve stimulation (TENS) treatment was given for 30 min to 37 patients divided into 3 groups of 10 patients and 1 group of 7 patients. Two groups received low-frequency (2 Hz) and the other 2 groups high- frequency (100 Hz) stimulation. A diagnostic lumbar cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sample was obtained immediately before and after stimulation. The CSF samples were subjected to analysis of immunoreactive (ir) opioid peptides, Met-enkephalin-Arg-Phe (MEAP) from preproenkephalin and dynorphin A (Dyn A) from preprodynorphin, respectively. Low frequency TENS applied on the hand and the leg resulted in a marked increase (367%, P < 0. 05) of ir-MEAP but not ir-Dyn A, whereas high-frequency (100 Hz) TENS produced a 49% increase in ir-Dyn A (P < 0. 01) but not ir-MEAP. This is the first report in humans that 2 Hz and 100 Hz peripheral stimulation induces differential release of peptides from preproenkephalin and preprodynorphin, respectively. 339- gera: 82917/di/ra SOME ASPECTS OF MICROWAVE ACUPUNCTURE DIAGNOSTICS AND MICROWAVE RESONANCE THERAPY (MRT) WITHOUT NEEDLES (ABSTRACT). LEVCHENKO AY. akupunktur. 1991;2:139. (eng). 340- gera: 843/di/re EFFECT OF ACUPUNCTURE AND NALOXONE IN PATIENTS WITH OSTEOARTHRITIS PAIN. A SHAM ACUPUNCTURE CONTROLLED STUDY. LUNDEBERG T ET AL. pain clinic. 1991;4(3):155-61 (eng). The aim of this investigation was to assess the efficacy of different types of acupuncture and sham acupuncture in the management of chronic pain. Fifty-eight patients with chronic cervical osteoarthritis were randomized to either manual acupuncture, 2 or 80 Hz electroacupuncture or sham acupuncture . For sham acupuncture the needles were inserted superficially. The effect of naloxone (0.8 mg) was also evaluated. At all trials pain was assessed by visual analogue scales before and after treatment. These scales were separately used to rate the intensity (sensory component) and unpleasantness (affective component) of pain.The results of the present study show that acupuncture has a more pronounced effect on the affective than the sensory component of pain. All modes of acupuncture produced significant pain reduction. Naloxone in low doses does not significantly alter pain perception in patients suffering pain from cervical osteoarthritis. Nor does it in these patients reduce the reduction of pain resulting from acupuncture. It was not possible to demonstrate any significant differences between the effect of manual versus electrical acupuncture or sham acupuncture in this group of patients. 341- gera: 82784/di/ra TRANSKUTANE ELEKTRISCHE NERVENSTIMULATION (TENS) BEI KOPFSCHMERZEN IM KINDESALTER. POTHMANN R. akupunktur. 1991;2:76-8 (deu*). Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (tens) has

become a method of growing importance in childhood starting from about five years on. Compared to adults the spectrum of treatment indications is smaller. But in addition also acute pain in lumbar punctures could be suppressed in children using TENS during the procedure. Results in treatment of tension headache is most striking reachin an effectiveness of more than 75 %. In general stimulation with 100 Hz in the neck over 1 to 3 mmonths is sufficient, otherwise one should continue with 2 Hz in the suboccipital region. Therapeutic results of migraine are inferior. The method will be accepted by children very well remembering them of the wellknown walkman. Thus treatment results of TENS are supported by the emancipatory aspect of a self-handled method. Since 1987 TENS has become a routine method for health care 342- gera: 64118/di/ra TREATMENT OF GALVANO-ACUPUNCTURE OF 100 CASES MUSCULUS PIRIFORMIS SYNDROME. (abstract). PU CHAOGANG. acupuncture research. 1991;16(3-4):252 (eng). This report introduces 100 patients with musculus piriformis syndrome treated with low frequency electrical stimulation acupuncture therapy. This number includes 72 men and 28 women. 76 patients (76%) are fully recovered and 21 patients (21%) are on the mend in these cases after treatment. Only 3 instances (3%) done with low frequency electrical stimulation acupuncture failed to have any beneficial effects. The general rate of efficacious curative effect is 97%. It is the method that stationary insertion and low frequency electrical stimulation (2 pulses per sec.) should be administered. The local tenderness points of musculus piriformis are the points that 343- gera: 82828/di/ra ERWEITERTER EINSATZ DER FREQUENZ 74,9375 HZ DURCH DIE TRANSCUTANE NERVENSTIMULATION (TNS). STRITTMATTER B. akupunkturarzt aurikulotherapeut. 1991;2:15-8 (deu*). 344- gera: 82896/di/ra THE INFLUENCE OF ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE ON EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS AFTER PROVOKING EXPERIMENTAL TRAUMA (ABSTRACT). UMLAUF R. akupunktur. 1991;2:133. (eng). Clinical, biochemical and hematological examinations were carried out with 107 rabbits before and after the experimental closed fracture of one or both remora treated by EAP (GB 30, S 36) with low and high stimulating frequency compared with treatment by Dipidolor and untreated group under equal conditions. The main conclusions: Unlike the mortality rate in untreated experimental animals (from 14.28 % to 33.3 %) there was no exitus in any treated experimental animal in the time given. Treated experimental animals, if compared with untreated animals as well as compared with the animals exposed only to fixation stress, were conspicuously calmer without showing signs of pain. The intensity of EAP stimulation in mA had to be increased gradually during 90 minutes electrostimulation. Its intensity on the limb injured had to be increased more often, in experimental groups with both extremities injured. In comparison with experimental animals with a fracture of the left femur only, untreated experimental animals with fractures of both remora showed a statistically significant decrease of Htk (1%), Ery (5 %) and increase of glucose (to 1% in comparison to 5 %) and cortisol (to 1% if compared with 5 % significance level). In animals exposed to fixation stress for 2 hours, there occured a statistically significant increase of cortisol (5 %) and decrease of total protein (I %). If compared with experimental animals with the left femur fracture treated with EAP, the animals with fractures of both femora treated with EAP/120 Hz on both limbs showed the increased values of urea (5 % ). In comparison with animals with the same injuries treated with Dipidolor and those untreated, the animals with the fractures of the left femur as well as of both femora treated with EAP had less conspicuous hematological changes. The least differences in the changes of the inner milieu were recorded when comparing the groups of experimental animals. a) with the left and both femora fractures treated with Dipidolor and EAP in the frequency of 120 Hz on the left and 4 Hz on the right. b) with the left femur

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22 fracture treated with EAP in the frequency of 120 Hz on both sides and EAP of 120 Hz on the left and 4 Hz on the right. The main conclusion: Our experiments have shown that the application of electroacupuncture can, besides others, prevent the conversion of the reversible shock stage into the irreversible stage in the time followed, i.e. for 2 hours after 345- gera: 64091/di/ra SUBTYPES OF SPINAL SEROTONIN-I RECEPTORS ARE INVOLVED IN HIGH FREQUENCY ELECTRO- ACUPUNCTURE ANALGESIA. (abstract). XU WEI ET AL. acupuncture research. 1991;16(3-4):222 (eng). Intrathecal (ith) injection of 5-ETia antagonist spiperone (25µg) had no influence on high frequency (100Hz) electroacupuncture (EA) analgesia, yet could significantly block the after effect of EA. 5-ETic antagonist mianserin (50µg) not only attenuated the 100Hz EA analgesia, but also blocked the after effect. None of intrathecally administered 5-ET2 antagonist 1-NP (20µg) and 5-ET3 antagonist ICS 205-930 (100µg) significantly prevented the 100Hz EA analgesia or the after effect. 346- gera: 64071/di/ra EFFECTS OF ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE OF CLOSE AND DISTAL SEGMENT POINTS ON WDR NEURONS OF SPINAL DORSAL HORN IN RATS. (abstract). YU YONGBEI ET AL. acupuncture research. 1991;16(3-4):198 (eng). The experiments were designed to examine the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) at P6 and UB57 on WDR neurons. The results indicated that EA at P6 can inhibit the nociceptive responses of the neurons. The efficiency in distal segment may be related to the intensity, not to the frequency of EA. The effects of high intensity (20-40V) are better than those of low intensity (1-3V). EA at UB57 can inhibit the nociceptive responses of all the WDR neurons but the duration of inhibition was shorter than that at distant segment (p<0. 05, n = 14). Intravenous 347- gera: 36783/di/ra [EFFECTIVENESS OF LOW FREQUENCY IN SITU NEEDLE ACUPUNCTURE COMBINED WITH BODY SONIC PAD THERAPY]. AKIRA KAWACHI ET AL. journal of the japan society of acupuncture. 1992;42(2):169-73 (jap*). A new therapy was recently developed by combining low frequency in situ needle acupuncture with Body Sonic Pad therapy. With this therapy, the patient lies on a bed fitted with Body Sonic Pads which vibrate slightly, in synchrony with the low-pitched sounds of the music which is played during the therapy. The patient listens to music and can feel the music-synchronized vibration of the pads while receiving in situ needle acupuncture. We recently assessed the effectiveness of this combined therapy. The subjects were 30 patients with chronic shoulder stiffness who visited our department of anesthesiology. These patients received each of the following 5 treatments at different times in random order : (1) Method M (Listening to music without any other therapy), (2) Method B (Body Sonic Pad therapy without listening to music), (3) Method MB (Body Sonic Pad therapy while listening to music), (4) Method L (conventional continuous low-frequency (3 Hz) in situ needle acupuncture), and (5) Method MBL (continuous low-frequency (3 Hz) in situ needle acupuncture combined with Body Sonic Pad therapy while listening to music). The direct therapeutic effect and the degree of comfort during treatment were compared among these five methods. The acupuncture therapy for shoulder stiffness consisted of stimulating the standard points in the shoulder and neck region with 30 mm acupuncture needles (No.20). The electrical stimulation lasted for 20 minutes. The music used for Body Sonic Pad therapy was primarily classical music selected according to the desire of the patients. The effectiveness was rated by the patients on a 4-point scale (markedly effective, effective, slightly effective and ineffective). Effective or markedly effective cases were regarded as responding to the therapy. The level of comfort during treatment was rated on an 11-point scale. The number of patients who responded to the therapy was 7 (23%) for Method M, 6 (20%) for Method B, 10 (34%) for Method MB, 18 (60%) for Method L and 23 (77%) in Method MBL. The response rate was significantly higher for Method MBL when compared to Method M or MB. The mean level of comfort

during treatment (rated on a visual analog scale ; 0 = most uncomfortable ; 10 = most comfortable) was 6.3 ± 2.1 for Method M, 6.0 ± 2.1 for Method B, 7.0 ± 1.6 for Method MB, 7.2 ± 1.9 for Method L and 8.3 ± 1.6 for Method MBL. Thus, low frequency in situ needle acupuncture combined with Body sonic Pad therapy was slightly superior to the other therapies. 348- gera: 37311/di/re ANALGESIA INDUCED BY ELECTROACUPUNCTURE OF DIFFERENT FREQUENCIES IS MEDIATED BY DIFFERENT TYPES OF OPIOID RECEPTORS : ANOTHER CROSS-TOLERANCE STUDY. CHEN XH ET AL. behav brain res. 1992;47(2):143-9 (eng). The cross-tolerance technique was used to analyze the receptor mechanisms of analgesia induced by electroacupuncture (EA) of 2 Hz, 100 Hz, or 2-15 Hz. (1) Rats were given EA stimulation of 2 Hz, 100 Hz and 2-15 Hz for 30 min with 30 min intervals successively. The percentage increase in tail-flick latency (TFL) was taken to indicate the intensity of EA analgesia. Rats made tolerant to repeated intrathecal injection of the mu-opioid agonist ohmefentanyl (OMF, 15 pmol, Q2h x 5) or the delta-opioid agonist DPDPE (10 nmol, Q2h x 5) showed a cross tolerance to both 2 Hz- and 2-15 Hz-, but not to 100 Hz-EA analgesia; and rats made tolerant to kappa-opioid agonist dynorphin-(1-13) (5 nmol, Q2h x 5) showed a cross-tolerance to 100 Hz- and 2-15 Hz-, but not to 2 Hz-EA analgesia; (2) Rats made tolerant to 2-15 Hz EA showed cross-tolerance to either 2 Hz- or 100 Hz-EA analgesia; (3) Rats made tolerant to either 2 Hz- or 100 Hz-EA were still reactive to 2-15 Hz-EA. The results indicate that 2 Hz-EA analgesia is mediated by mu- and delta-receptors, 100 Hz-EA analgesia by kappa-receptor, and 2-15 Hz-EA analgesia by combined action of mu-, delta- and kappa-receptors in the spinal cord of the rats. 349- gera: 37414/di/re ALL THREE TYPES OF OPIOID RECEPTORS IN THE SPINAL CORD ARE IMPORTANT FOR 2/15 HZ ELECTROACUPUNCTURE ANALGESIA. CHEN XH ET AL. european journal of pharmacology. 1992;211(2):203-10 (eng). The analgesic effect induced by 2/15 Hz electroacupuncture as shown by the increase in tail flick latency decreased steadily as electroacupuncture stimulation was given continuously for 6 h, showing the development of tolerance to electroacupuncture analgesia. These rats were then given an intrathecal (i. t. ) injection of one of the following opioid agonists: the mu agonist, ohmefentanyl 7. 5, 15 and 30 pmol, 10 min apart; the delta agonist, [D- Pen2,D-Pen5]enkephalin (DPDPE) 5, 10 and 20 nmol, 10 min apart and the kappa agonist, dynorphin-(1-13) 2. 5, 5 and 10 nmol, 10 min apart, respectively. The analgesic effect induced by ohmefentanyl, DPDPE or dynorphin was dramatically reduced in rats rendered tolerant to 2/15 Hz electroacupuncture analgesia. Rats were injected i. t. with one of the three specific opioid antagonists: the mu antagonist, beta-funaltrexamine (beta-FNA) (5, 10 and 20 nmol), the delta antagonist, ICI174,864 (1, 2 and 4 nmol) and the kappa antagonist, nor-binaltorphimine (nor-BNI) (3. 125, 6. 25 and 12. 5 nmol). It was found that analgesia induced by 2/15 Hz electroacupuncture stimulation was significantly and almost totally blocked by any one of the three opioid antagonists. These results suggest that all three types of opioid receptors, the mu, delta and kappa receptors in the spinal cord of the rat play important roles in mediating analgesia induced by electroacupuncture of 2/15 Hz. 350- gera: 54782/di/re MOBILIZATION OF SPECIFIC NEUROPEPTIDES BY PERIPHERAL STIMULATION OF IDENTIFIED FREQUENCIES. HAN JISHENG ET AL. news physiol sci. 1992;7:176-80 (eng). 351- gera: 43712/di/ra [NORMALIZATION OF ACUPUNCTURE ANESTHESIA USED IN NEUROSURGERY]. JING CHENGCHUAN. acupuncture research. 1992;17(1):1 (chi*). From March 1975 to February 1982 and from April 1987 to October 1990, the national cooperative neurosurgical

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23 acupuncture research group had already accumulated the clinic data of 5,244 cases totally, consisting of 2,107 cases in frontal fossa, 1951 cases in the temporo-parieto-occipital region and 1,186 in posterior fossa. By the same manipulative procedures and scaling criteria, the indications, choices of acupoints, stimulus parameters, adjuvants, preoperative measurements, and physiological and biochemical changes during operations were studied. Practically, the results was not only reliable, but repetitive highly. 95% of the cases in frontal fossa belonged to grade I (success), 91. 5% of the cases in temporo-parieto-occipital region was grade I and 89. 38% of the cases in posterior fossa was grade I. We suggest that acupuncture anesthesia should be widely used as one of the usual methods of anesthesia. In this paper, the relative specificity of acupoints, the mechanism of adjuvants, personal differences and preoperative measurements were discussed. In the meantime, the advantages and the remaining problems of acupuncture anesthesia in craniocerebral operations were also mentioned. 352- gera: 36558/di/cg ANGIOTENSINERGIC MECHANISM OF AURICULO-ACUPUNCTURAL DENTAL ANALGESIA AT 100 HZ FREQUENCY STIMULATION IN RABBIT. KALYUZHUNYL LV ET AL. wfas international symposium on the trend of research in acupuncture, roma. 1992;:126 (eng). 353- gera: 36552/di/cg BIOPHYSICAL BASIS OF THE MICROWAVE RESONANCE THERAPY. KHRAMOV RN. wfas international symposium on the trend of research in acupuncture, roma. 1992;:121 (eng). 354- gera: 37621/nd/tt ELEKTROAKUPUNKTUR IN DER ZAHNARZTLICHEN PRAXIS. KRAMER F. karl f haug verlag. 1992;:320P (deu). 355- gera: 44989/di/ra [INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF SYNDROME ON THE RISING OF EXCELLENT RESPONSE RATS IN HERNIA REPAIR WITH ACUPUNCTURE ANESTHESIA]. LI LIQING ET AL. acupuncture research. 1992;17(3):147 (chi*). In order to raise the rate of excellent response in repair of hernia with acupuncture anesthesia, we valued individual difference in the light of basic theory of Traditional Chinese medicine. 70 cases were typed by symptoms and signs before hernia operation with acupuncture anesthesia in which 48 cases were yang-deficiency type and 22 cases yin-deficiency type, besides, 30 cases of peridural anesthesia were as the control. 1. Acupuncture Group : low-frequency electro-needling (1/sec) was applied to Zusanli (ST36) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6), while high-frequency electroneedling (10/sec) applied to the incisional edge. The electrowaves and intensity of stimulation were changed by regular time to maintain the best needling sensation. 3 Small doses of adjuvants were used together with acupuncture, which shows synergism clearly (fentanyl, 2µg/kg, fentanyl/droperidol, 1/50, the dose depending on the condition of patients in operation) . 2. The Controls: Routine peridural anesthesia and adjuvants were used. The same observation was given as the acupuncture group. Results : I . the response rate of yang-deficiency type was 97.9%, the excellent response rate 75 %, while the response rate of yin-deficiency type was 90.8 % and its excellent response rate 45.4 %. The response rate of the groups was no significant difference (P>0.05), but the excellent responses rate of the two differed significantly, the excellent response, rate of yang- deficiency type was better than that of yin-deficiency type (P<0.05). II. The total dose of adjuvants in the acupuncture group was small. III. The blood pressure was stable during operation compared with that of the controls (P<0.005). IV. The intermission of food intake and exsufflation after operation was also shortest than that 356- gera: 36541/di/cg ELECTROTHERAPEUTICS CONTROL MECHANISMS. LIN C ET AL. wfas international symposium on the trend of

research in acupuncture, roma. 1992;:114 (eng). 357- gera: 44996/di/ra [EFFECT OF ELECTROACUPUNCTURE TOLERANCE BY DIFFERENT FREQUENCIES ON THE CARDIOVASCULAR INHIBITION OF SPINAL OPIOID PEPTIDES OF THE RATS]. MEI LIN ET AL. acupuncture research. 1992;17(3):179 (chi*). Continuous 6 hour's electroacupuncture (EA) of 2-15Hz or 2Hz applying to both legs of the rats resulted in the electroacupuncture tolerance(ET). Then, we observed : (1) The effect of 2-15Hz ET on the recovery of mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) of rats after hemorrhagic shock ; (2) The change in MAP and HR of rats subjected to 2Hz ET after intrathecally (i. t.)administration of DADLE 25 µg, a delta opioid agonist. The results showed that, firstly, there was no difference between 2-15Hz ET group and control group in the recovery of MAp and HR after hemorrhagic shock. Secondly, DADLE (25 µg) caused almost the same suppression effect both in 2Hz TE group and in control group. These results suggest that unlike the spinal dorsal horn cells (regulating algesia, the spinal lateral horn cells (regulating blood pressure) are insensitive during EA analgesia and can not be 358- gera: 36584/di/cg DEVICES FOR EXTREMELY HIGH FREQUENCY (EHF) PUNCTURE. POPOV V. wfas international symposium on the trend of research in acupuncture, roma. 1992;:148 (eng). 359- gera: 37476/nd/re [A TRIAL OF THE CLINICAL USE OF MILLIMETER - WAVE RESONANCE THERAPY WITH DIFFERENT LEVELS OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION INTENSITY]. SOLOV'ES IE ET AL. vrach delo. 1992;3:87-90 (rus). 360- gera: 36234/di/ra FREQUENCY-DEPENDENT EFFECTS OF SINE-WAVE CRANIAL TRANSCUTANEOUS ELECTRICAL NERVE STIMULATION IN HUMAN SUBJECTS. TAYLOR D ET AL. acupuncture and electrotherapeutics research. 1992;17(3):221-7 (eng). In a double-blind protocol, ninety healthy volunteer subjects received 30 minutes of constant current sine-wave cranial transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) of 5 Hertz (Hz), 100 Hz, or 2000 Hz frequency (current maintained below. 5 mA for safety), placebo TENS, or no treatment. The five groups were compared on pre- to post treatment changes in blood pressure, heart rate, peripheral temperature, and anxiety. Analysis showed significant reductions in systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate after 100 Hz cranial TENS as compared to the other groups. No other differences achieved significance. 361- gera: 36583/di/cg EXTREMELY HIGH FREQUENCY (EHF) IN ACUPUNCTURE. TEPPONE M ET AL. wfas international symposium on the trend of research in acupuncture, roma. 1992;:147 (eng). 362- gera: 37633/nd/re ELECTROACUPUNCTURE SELON VOLL*. THIERION A. de natura rerum. 1992;6(2):134-50 (fra). 363- gera: 36087/di/ra [ANALGIA EFFECT FOR DEEP PAIN THRESHOLD DEPENDING ON THE KIND OF DIFFERENT ELECTRODE]. X. journal of the japan society of acupuncture. 1992;42(1):20. (jap). 364- gera: 36359/di/ra A SPECIAL REPORT ON CMIC DONGJIANG ELECTRONIC

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24 INSTRUMENTS FACTORY. X. china pharmaceuticals and medical instruments. 1992;12(4):1 (eng). 365- gera: 39749/di/ra [THE CLINICAL OBSERVATION ON THE THERAPEUTIC EFFECT OF RECTANGLE PULSE IN LOW FREQUENCY ON 150 CASES OF NEUROGENIC TYPE OF CERVICAL SPINAL DISEASE]. YU WEIHAO ET AL. chinese acupuncture and moxibustion. 1992;12(2):19 (chi*). Rectangle pulse in low frequency was applied to treating on 105 cases of neurogenic type of cervical spinal disease. Bilateral Neiguan (PC6), Chengshan (BL57) and three acupoints on neck were selected. The parameters of electricity applied are : Rectangle pulse wave, wide of pulse 6mS, frequency 2Hz, the intensity of electricity applied is underable for the patient, 20mn for every time, 10 times for one course of treatment. Comparing with the therapeutic effect of medium frequency (10Hz) and Sine wave (101 cases), the effective rate is significantly 366- gera: 48458/di/re EFFECTS ON LOCAL BLOOD FLUX OF ACUPUNCTURE STIMULATION USED TO TREAT XEROSTOMIA IN PATIENTS SUFFERING FROM SJOGREN'S SYNDROME. BLOM M ET AL. journal of oral rehabilitation. 1993;20:541-8 (eng). 21 patients with Sjögren's Syndrome were given four different kinds of acupuncture stimulation at acupuncture points previously used to treat xerostomia. The local blood flux in the skin overlying the parotid gland was measured with laser Doppler flowmetry before, during and after the acupuncture stimulation. The results showed that the local blood flux increased significantly during and after both manual acupuncture and low-frequency (2Hz) electro-acupuncture as compared with superficial acupuncture. These results indicate that acupuncture induced an increase in the local blood flux which was more pronounced for those patients who had previously reacted with 367- gera: 49802/nd/ra [EFFECTS OF ELECTROACUPUNCTURE AT DIFFERENT FREQUENCIES ON THE NOCICEPTIVE RESPONSE AND CENTRAL CONTENTS OF GABA AND GLUTAMIC ACID IN ARTHRITIC RATS]. CAO WEIHONG ET AL. acupuncture research. 1993;18(1):48-52 (chi*). It has been demonstrated that electroacupuncture (EA) produces analgesia in acute arthritic animal models, while the differential analgesic effects at different EA parameters remains to be discovered. In the present experiment, the effects of EA at 100 Hz and 15 Hz on bilateral Yanglingpuan acupoints of the arthritic rats was studied. The results showed: 1) 15Hz EA was more effective than 100Hz EA for analgesia; 2) spinal glutamic acid content of the 15-Hz EA group was significantly lower than that of the 100-Hz EA group, and 3) no significant difference in GABA contents between the two groups was found. The results suggest that spinal glutamic acid may be involved in the different analgesic effects of EA at different frequencies in arthritic rats. 368- gera: 71671/di/re EFFECT OF DIFFERENT TENS STIMULUS PARAMETERS ON ULNAR MOTOR NERVE CONDUCTION VELOCITY. COX PD ET AL. am j phys med rehabil. 1993;72(5):294-300 (eng). The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of different TENS stimulus characteristics on ulnar motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV) in the forearm and on forearm and ring finger skin temperatures. Thirty-one healthy women consented to receive conventional, acupuncture-like and placebo TENS: one treatment being randomly administered on each of 3 separate days within 1 week. No significant difference in MNCV (m/s) was observed between the three treatments at any of the six times of measurement (P > 0.05). Post-treatment MNCVs were, however, significantly slower than pretreatment velocities (time main effect; P < 0.01), although the differences were only about 3% in magnitude. No significant differences in finger or in forearm skin temperature were observed between the three treatments at any of the six

times of measurement (P > 0.05). However, forearm skin temperatures were significantly higher than were ring finger skin temperatures, and only finger temperature changed over time (site x time interaction; P < 0.01). The small changes in MNCV and finger skin temperature were attributed to subject inactivity during testing. Acupuncture-like and conventional TENS do not have different or unique effects on motor nerve conduction velocity when applied at clinical levels of stimulus intensity. 369- gera: 49789/di/ra [THE THEORY OF THE SANATOGENESIS (THE MECHANISM OF THE THERAPEUTIC EFFECT) OF MICROWAVE RESONANCE THERAPY]. EFIMOV AS ET AL. vrach delo. 1993;111-5 : (rus*). 370- gera: 8866/di/cg INFLUENCE OF MEC AND BE ON THE EFFECTS OF TE UNDER AA IN ACUPOINT STIMULATION. GU Z. third world conference on acupuncture. 1993;:401. (eng). 371- gera: 37715/di/re SUPPRESSION OF MORPHINE ABSTINENCE SYNDROME BY BODY ELECTROACUPUNCTURE OF DIFFERENT FREQUENCIES IN RATS. HAN JS ET AL. drug alcohol dependence. 1993;31(2):169-75 (eng). The effectiveness of electroacupuncture (EA) stimulation in suppressing the morphine abstinence syndrome was studied. Male Wistar rats were made dependent on morphine either by multiple injections or pellet implantation. EA of 2 Hz or 100 Hs was administered for 30 min followed by naloxone challenge (0.5 mg/kg, i.p.) and the withdrawal sydrome was scored for a period of 45 min. In rats receiving multiple injection regime, 100-HZ EA produced a statistically significant suppression of wet shakes (-61 %), teech chattering (-59 %), escape attempts (-48 %), weight loss (-3,3 %) and penile licking (-28 %) (p<0.05). EA of 2 Hz produced only a mild but significant suppression in escape attempts (-42 %) and wet shakes (-31 %). Similar results were obtained in rats receiving pellet implantation. Since 100-Hz EA has been shown to accelerate the release of dynorphins in the CNS, the results seem to be compatible with the notion that dynorphin may play an important role in suppressing the opioid 372- gera: 48358/di/ra [TREATMENT OF APOPLEXY WITH HEMIPLEGIA BY SCALP SLOW FREQUENCY ELECTRIC ACUPUNCTURE COMBINED WITH PHYSICAL EXERCISE]. HU RUYUN ET AL. new journal of traditional chinese medicine. 1993;25(12):28 (chi). 373- gera: 7446/di/cg BASIC STUDY AND CLINICAL APPLICATION OF SSP THERAPY. HYODO M ET AL. the third world conference on acupuncture. 1993;:312. (eng). 374- gera: 8694/di/cg EFFECTS OF ELECTRICAL ACUPUNCTURE AND TRANSCUTANEOUS ELECTRICAL NERVE STIMULATION (TENS) ON THE DEEP PAIN THRESHOLD IN HUMAN SUBJECTS. ISHIMARU K ET AL. third world conference on acupuncture. 1993;:388. (eng). 375- gera: 57162/di/ra INTERMITTENT-ALTERNATIVE MODE OF ADMINISTERING ELECTROACUPUNCTURE STIMULATION POSTPONES THE DEVELOPMENT OF ELECTROACUPUNCTURE TOLERANCE. JAUNG-GENG LIN ET AL. american journal of acupuncture. 1993;21(1):51-7 (eng). 376- gera: 8778/di/cg EFFICACY OF THE COMBINED USE OF A RHYTMICALLY

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25 VIBRATING BED WITH LOW FREQUENCY ELECTRICAL ACUPUNCTURE. KAKUZAKI K ET AL. third world conference on acupuncture. 1993;:396. (eng). 377- gera: 8840/di/cg CLINICAL EFFICACY OF MUSICAL RYTHMIC TENS (MU-TONER). KAWACHI A ET AL. third world conference on acupuncture. 1993;:398. (eng). 378- gera: 37669/di/re THE DISTRIBUTION OF BRAIN-STEM AND SPINAL CORD NUCLEI ASSOCIATED WITH DIFFERENT FREQUENCIES OF ELECTROACUPUNCTURE ANALGESIA. LEE JH ET AL. pain. 1993;52(1):11-28 (eng). 379- gera: 20355/di/ra A BRIEF REVIEW OF THE HISTORY OF ELECTROTHERAPY AND ITS UNION WITH ACUPUNCTURE. MC DONALD AJ. acupuncture in medicine. 1993;11(2):66-75 (eng). 380- gera: 19752/nd/re ELECTROACUPUNCTURE UP TO DATE : CHANGES IN MIASMATIC TERRAIN. MC WILLIAMS C. int j alternat complement med. 1993;11(3):14-6 (eng). 381- gera: 7413/di/cg CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF ELE-NODE ACUPUNCTURE IN COMBINATION WITH ELECTROACUPUNCTURE. MORI K ET AL. the third world conference on acupuncture. 1993;:310. (eng). 382- gera: 10071/di/cg CLINICAL STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF WYMOTON WY-5 THERAPY IN ACUPUNCTURE. MORIKAWA K ET AL. third world conference on acupuncture. 1993;:487. (eng). 383- gera: 9999/di/cg CHARACTERISTICS OF INTERFACE BETWEEN ELECTRODE AND HUMAN BODY IN ELECTROTHERAPY AND ITS APPROPRIATE CONDITIONS. NAKAMURA T ET AL. third world conference on acupuncture. 1993;:477. (eng). 384- gera: 5348/di/cg ACUPUNCTURE WITH DIRECT CURRENT. ODA H. third world conference on acupuncture. 1993;:238. (eng). 385- gera: 7286/di/cg TAO SYSTEM, A DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC METHOD USING A SMALL CURRENT. SANCHEZ JUAREZ A ET AL. the third world conference on acupuncture. 1993;:295. (eng). 386- gera: 57455/di/ra ERFAHRUNGEN IN DER ANWENDUNG DER TRANSKUTANEN NERVENSTIMULATION (TNS) MIT SPEZIFISCHEN FREQUENZEN. SCHIER M. der akupunkturarzt-aurikulotherapeut. 1993;3:31-6 (deu ). [THE USE OF SPECIFIC FREQUENCIES BY TRANSCUTANEOUS NERVE STIMULATION] The use of specific frequencies by transcutaneous nerve stimulation (TENS) is demonstrated. 387- gera: 70368/di/ra CLINICO-PHYSIOLOGICAL FOUNDATION OF APPLICATION OF ACUPUNCTURE AND HIGH VOLTAGE FIELD. ABSTRACT. SIVAKOV A. acupuncture and electro-therapeutics research. 1993;18(3-4):245 (eng).

388- gera: 49803/nd/ra [ANALGESIC EFFECTS OF ELECTROACUPUNCTURE STIMULATION AT DIFFERENT INTENSITIES AND FREQUENCIES]. WANG YOUJING ET AL. acupuncture research. 1993;18(1):44-7 (chi*). In the present paper, transient effects and after-effects of electroacupuncture analgesia at the low frequency and low intensity (10 Hz, 3V), high frequency and low intensity (200 Hz, 3V), low frequency and high intensity (10 Hz, 6V) as well as high frequency and high intensity (200 Hz, 6V) were observed in rats. The results show that the transient analgesic effect of the low frequency EA is stronger than that of the high frequency EA and the strong EA is greater than the weak EA. However, the high frequency EA is superior in the after-effect of analgesia to the low frequency EA and the weak EA is to the strong EA. 389- gera: 45777/nd/re [TRANSCUTANEOUS ELECTRIC STIMULATION AT ACUPOINTS IN THE TREATMENT OF SPINAL SPASTICITY : EFFECTS AND MECHANISM]. YU Y . national medical journal of china. 1993;73(10):593-5, 6 (chi*). To study the effect and mechanism of electrical stimulation in treating spinal spasticity, we used electroacupuncture (EA) on the surface of 2 couples of acupoints. The short term application (30 min) of high- frequency EA (100 Hz) produced an immediate antispastic effect in contrast to the low-frequency EA (2 Hz). After application of high-frequency EA (2 times/day, 30 min/time) for 3 months, antispastic effect was stable. To keep this antispastic effect, the high-frequency EA must be used permanently. Recent experimental results showed that low and high frequency EA release MEK and dynorphin respectively from the spinal cord in humans. We infer that by enhancing the production of dynorphin in CSF, high-frequency EA decrease the excitability of the motor neurons in the anterior horns through the kappa opiate receptors, thus ameliorating the muscle spasticity of spinal 390- gera: 45844/di/re INCREASED RELEASE OF IMMUNOREACTIVE CCK-8 BY ELECTROACUPUNCTURE AND ENHANCEMENT OF ELECTROACUPUNCTURE ANALGESIA BY CCK-B ANTAGONIST IN RAT SPINAL CORD. ZHOU Y ET AL. neuropeptides. 1993;24(3):139-44 (eng). Cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8) in CNS has been shown to function as a neuropeptide with potent anti-opioid activity. It hinders opioid analgesia and facilitates opioid tolerance. The present study showed that electroacupuncture (EA) stimulation produced a marked increase of the CCK-8 immunoreactivity (ir) in the perfusate of the rat spinal cord. The increase of CCK-8-ir was most marked in response to EA of 100 Hz and 15 Hz, and less marked in response to EA of 2 Hz. Since CCK-8 has been shown to possess potent anti-opioid activity at the spinal level, blockade of the spinal CCK effect would be expected to potentiate EA-induced analgesia which is known to be opioid-mediated. Intrathecal (i. t. ) administration of CCK-B antagonist L-365,260 per se did not affect tail flick latency (TFL) to any significant extent, yet it potentiated EA induced analgesia in a dose- and frequency- dependent manner. The potentiation was most marked at a dose range of 2. 5-5. 0 ng (i. t. ) and at a frequency rank order of 100 Hz > 15 Hz > 2 Hz. The results suggest that an increased release of CCK-8 following EA may limit the effect of opioid peptides, and that the CCK-B receptor mediates the anti-opioid effect of CCK-8 in rat spinal 391- gera: 53815/di/ra CCK RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST L-365, 260 POTENTIATED ELECTROACUPUNCTURE ANALGESIA IN WISTAR RATS BUT NOT IN AUDIOGENIC EPILEPTIC RATS. CHEN XIAO-HONG ET AL. chinese medical journal. 1994;107(2):113-8 (eng*). Cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8) has been shown to be a neuropeptide with potent anti-opioid activity. Previous studies have shown that central administration of nanogram dose of CCK-8 totally abolished morphine analgesia in the rat, an effect mediated by CCK-B receptor in central nervous system.

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26 In the present study CCK-B antagonist L-365,260 was injected intracerebroventricularly (icv) to Wistar rats to see its effect on the analgesic effect induced by electroacupuncture (EA) stimulation. A marked potentiation of EA-induced analgesia was observed. The degree of potentiation depends on the frequency of EA used, with a rank order of 100 Hz > 15 Hz = 2 / 15 Hz > 2Hz. In a strain of rat with acoustically evoked epileptic seizure (P77PMC rats), an extrariordinarily strong analgesic effect was produced in response to 100 Hz EA stimulation, which was similar to that in Wistar rats pre-treated with L-365,260. However, L-365,260 was not effective in potentiating EA analgesia in P77PMC rats. The results suggest that (1) high frequency EA is more likely to increase the release of CCK-8 in CNS as compared to low frequency EA, and (2) P77PMC rats may have a functional defect of the central CCK neurons in the nature 392- gera: 57213/di/ra OPTIMAL CONDITIONS FOR ELICITING MAXIMAL ELECTROACUPUNCTURE ANALGESIA WITH DENSE-AND- DISPERSE MODE STIMULATION. CHEN XIAO-HONG ET AL. american journal of acupuncture. 1994;22(1):47-53 (eng). 393- gera: 82580/di/ra MICRO-COURANT : UNE MODALITE DE SOINS MODERNES. DAVIS P. revue francaise de mtc. 1994;162:70-3 (fra). 394- gera: 70255/di/ra MICROWAVE RESONANCE THERAPY: NEW WAVES IN OLD MERIDIANS. ABSTRACT. DE SMUL A. acupuncture and electrotherapeutics research. 1994;19(4):282 (eng). 395- gera: 85084/di/ra A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ANALGESIC EFFECT BETWEEN TENS AND ELECTROACUPUNCTURE OF 100HZ (abstract). DONG HONGWEI ET AL. acupuncture research. 1994;3-4:72-3 (eng). 396- gera: 85030/di/ra SOME FACTORS AFFECTING ACUPUNCTURE-INDUCED ANALGESIA (abstract). HAN JISHENG. acupuncture research. 1994;19(3-4):1-3 (eng). 397- gera: 53814/di/ra TRANSCUTANEOUS ELECTRICAL NERVE STIMULATION FOR TREATMENT OF SPINAL SPASTICITY. HAN JI-SHENG ET AL. chinese medical journal. 1994;107(1):6-11 (eng*). Thirty-two patients with spinally originated muscle spasticity were treated with a transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulator, the Han's acupoint nerve stimulator (HANS) via skin electrodes placed over the acupoints on the hand and leg. High frequency (100 Hz), but not the low frequency (2 Hz), stimulation was effective in ameliorating muscle spasticity. While the therapeutic effect lasted for only 10 minutes in the first treatment, it became consolidated after consecutive daily treatment for 3 months. The anti-spastic effect induced by high frequency electrical stimulation can be partially reversed by a high dose of naloxone. The results suggest that the antispastic effect elicited by peripheral electrical stimulation is mediated, at least in part, by the endogenous opioid ligand interacting with the kappa opiate receptors, most probably dynorphin, in the central nervous system. 398- gera: 86843/di/re HEROINE ADDICTS TREATED WITH TRANSCUTANEOUS ELECTRICAL STIMULATION OF IDENTIFIED FREQUENCIES. HAN JS ET AL. regulatory peptide. 1994;54:115-6 (eng). A special type of TENS device, the Han's Acupoint Nerve Stimulator (HANS) was used to treat 212 heroin addicts (161 male, 51 female, aged 15-38) subjected to abrupt abstinence,

30 min per day for 10 days. Two pairs of skin electrodes were placed on one hand and on the other forearm, respectively. Frequency was set at 2Hz, l00Hz, or 2/l00Hz (2Hz alternating with 100Hz, each lasting for 3s). The 2/l00Hz mode is named dense-and-disperse (DD) mode. Comparison of the clinical effects induced by different frequencies revealed that DD was the best for ameliorating heroin withdrawal syndrome, including the suppressing of tachycardia, prevention of chilling sensations, induction of euphoric and hypnotic effects, etc. The frequency of 2Hz was found to be better than 100Hz in preventing chilling sensation. The 3 frequencies were equally effective in preventing body weight loss during acute withdrawal. This is the first report showing the high effectiveness of DD mode body-acupoint electrical 399- gera: 20488/nd/re THE APPLICATION OF ELECTRICITY TO ACUPUNCTURE NEEDLES : A REVIEW OF THE CURRENT LITERATURE AND RESEARCH WITH A BRIEF OUTLINE OF THE PRINCIPLES INVOLVED. HOBBS B. complement ther med. 1994;2(1):36-40 (eng). 400- gera: 48890/nd/re [THE SMALL FIELD INSTRUMENT FOR ELECTRONEUROSTIMULATION AND ELECTROPUNCTURE "MUL'TIMIOSTIM-04"]. KIOI VI ET AL. biull eksp biol med. 1994;118(8):219-21 (rus). 401- gera: 49786/di/ra ELECTRO-AUDIO-VISUAL METHOD FOR DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT. KIRILOV JM ET AL. acupuncture and electrotherapeutics research. 1994;19(1):29-37 (eng). This method can be applied to the non-drug treatment of diseases. It provides an exact evaluation of the healing effect by keeping the acupuncture point from overload. This method is realized by a bistable/monostable square wave oscillator. The electrical pulses for the treatment of the acupuncture point are delivered from the noninverted oscillator output. Their electrical parameters: frequency, pulse duration, rise time and coefficient of filling depend on the constantly changeable biophysical parameters of the acupuncture point, such as complex skin impedance (z), and total infrared skin thermal emission (te). Pulses from the inverted oscillator output are provided to the acoustic and visual channels. In the acoustic channel, the pulses are controlled only by amplitude. The visual output channel pulses apply to the amplitude- frequency circuit, where an amplitude-frequency analysis is performed. The output pulses of three electrical filters (low, middle and high frequency), control three sources of light, respectively red, green, and blue. Three colors blend on the white screen, as the color picture is modulated by the two biophysical parameters of the acupuncture point. These parameters are in a constant dynamics. The audio channel output information is delivered to the audio-information gate of the patient, reaching the Central Nervous System (CNS). The video channel output information is applied to the video-information gate and then to the patient's CNS, preparing it for appropriate therapeutical programs. 402- gera: 49850/di/ra [INVOLVEMENT OF PURINES IN ANALGESIA PRODUCED BY WEAK ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE]. LIU CHANGNING ET AL. acupuncture research. 1994;19(1):59-62 (chi*). In the present investigation the intensity of stimulated electro-acupuncture (EA) was measured by electrophysiological collision technique. In the behavioral experiments, by applying the weak electro-acupuncture pulses (50 Hz, 1-1. 5mA), not enough to activated A delta afferent fibers, to Yanglingquan and Xuanzhong points, the latency of nociceptive hind limb withdrawal reflex, but not tail-flick latency was prolonged. Administered intraperitoneally, both theophylline and caffeine, P1-purinergic (adenosine) receptor antagonists, could block the electroacupuncture-induced elevation of the nociceptive thresholds in a dose-effect related manner, whereas dipyridamole, an inhibitor of adenosine release, could shorten the after of electro-acupuncture in a dose dependent way. These results suggest that weak electro-acupuncture may

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27 induce analgesia and purines appear to 403- gera: 45095/di/re IMPORTANCE OF MODES OF ACUPUNCTURE IN THE TREATMENT OF CHRONIC NOCICEPTIVE LOW BACK PAIN. THOMAS M ET AL. acta anaesthesiol scand. 1994;38(1):63-9 (eng). A controlled study of different modes of acupuncture stimulation was conducted on patients fulfilling clinical criteria for chronic low back pain of nociceptive origin. Forty patients were randomly entered into the study. Thirty had three trial treatments with manual stimulation of needles (MS), electrical low frequency stimulation at 2 Hz (LF), and high-frequency stimulation at 80 Hz (HF), and then continued treatment with the mode they felt most benefitted them. Ten patients were put on the waiting list for treatment but served as the untreated control group. The results were evaluated after 6 weeks and at 6 months for: activity related to pain; mobility; verbal descriptors of pain and the patient's subjective assessment of his condition. After 6 weeks, patients receiving treatment showed significant improvement (P < 0. 05 to P < 0. 001) on three of the four measures compared to the untreated controls. After 6 months a similar measure of significant improvement was seen in patients continuing with low- frequency (LF) acupuncture, but not in those groups continuing with manual stimulation (MS) or high-frequency (HF) acupuncture. The results suggest that 2 Hz electrical stimulation is the mode of choice when using 404- gera: 57223/di/ra CLINICAL EFFICACY OF ELECTRICAL HEAT ACUPUNCTURE (SECOND REPORT) : WARMING CHARACTERISTICS. TOSHIKATSU KITADE ET AL. american journal of acupuncture. 1994;22(2):123-8 (eng). 405- gera: 85231/di/ra TREATMENT OF SCIATICA WITH "HANS". XIAO MANXUE. acupuncture research. 1994;19(3-4):166-7 (eng). 25V, 30VB, 54V, 36E. Electroacupuncture avec le neurostimulateur acupunctural HANS. Une paire d'électrodes est branchée sur 25V - 54V et une autre sur 30VB et 36E. Fréquence à 100Hz à l'intensité maxima supportable par le patient. Une séance par jour, série de 10 séances. Guérison : 132 cas, amélioration marquée : 45, amélioration : 28, échec : 5. Les meilleurs résultats sont chez les sujets jeunes avec une évolution courte. 406- gera: 48862/di/ra ANALYSIS OF PARAMETERS OF ELECTRIC STIMULATION OF ELECTROACUPUNCTURE THERAPY TO PATIENTS WITH BY-SINDROME, TAN-SYNDROME AND WEI-SYNDROME. XING JIANGHUAI ET AL. world journal of acupuncture moxibustion. 1994;4(1):34-9 (eng). In this paper the therapeutic results of PCE - 88 A programme-controlled elec- troacupuncture machine in 191 patients of Bi-Syndrome (BS), Tan-Syndrome (TS) and wei-syndrome(WS)are reported. The total effective rate was 98. 4%. The study on the frequency and intensity of stimulation showed that the stimulation of an electric current with 5 - 20 Hz was comfortable to the patients. The intensity of stimulation should be varied according to the nature of the disease and the location of stimulation to the body. The stimulation for WS should be much higher than that for other two diseases ; higher for head than for limbs ; and higher for the diseased side than for the normal side. The intensity of stimulation to the diseased side should be gradually reduced following the 407- gera: 85225/di/ra INVESTIGATION OF ELECTRICAL PARAMETERS IN GASTRECTOMY UNDER ACUPUNCTURE ANESTHESIA (abstract). ZHANG LANYING ET AL. acupuncture research. 1994;19(3-4):159-60 (eng). 408- gera: 54704/di/re ANALGESIC EFFECTS INDUCED BY TENS AND ELECTROACUPUNCTURE WITH DIFFERENT TYPES OF STIMULATING ELECTRODES ON DEEP TISSUES IN

HUMAN SUBJECTS. ISHIMARU K ET AL. pain. 1995;63(2):181-7 (eng). Effects of conditioning peripheral nerve stimulation with different types of stimulating electrodes on pain thresholds in various deep tissues were measured in human subjects. Cone-shaped metal (phi 13 mm), rubber (phi 13 mm), and large soft surface electrodes (50 x 150 mm) were used for transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), and insulated and non-insulated acupuncture needles (diameter: 240 microns) were used for electroacupuncture (EA). Two pairs of electrodes were placed around the point of deep pain measurement. Symmetrical positive and negative square pulses (0. 1 msec at 100 Hz) of just below the pain tolerance intensity were used for both TENS and EA. Deep pain thresholds were measured at the center of the thigh with a pulse algometer and insulated needle electrodes. Pain thresholds of deep tissues were in the order periosteum < fascia < skin (including subcutaneous tissues) < muscle. TENS with surface electrodes significantly increased pain thresholds of skin and fascia but not those of muscle or periosteum. The shape, material and size of the surface electrodes hardly affected the degree of analgesic effect, except in the fascia by large soft electrodes. In contrast, EA with non-insulated needles induced a greater increase in pain threshold in skin, fascia and muscle, although statistically significant results were obtained in only the first two tissues. EA with insulated needle electrodes was the only technique with which we obtained a significant increase in pain threshold in muscle and periosteum. These results suggest that the choice of electrode and stimulus parameters is important for the production of sufficient analgesic effects in different somatic tissues and that insulated needle electrodes are useful for pain relief in deeper tissues such as muscle and periosteum. 409- gera: 70383/di/ra TENSTEM-A NEW PROGRAMMABLE DEVICE FOR TRANSCUTANUOUS ELECTRIC NERVE- AND MUSCLE- STIMULATION. ABSTRACT. JUNGCK D. acupuncture and electro-therapeutics research. 1995;20(3-4):288 (eng). 410- gera: 70246/di/ra CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL EVALUATION OF CRANIAL TENS IN THE US: A REVIEW. TAYLOR DN. acupuncture and electrotherapeutics research. 1995;20(2):117-32 (eng). A review of studies evaluating therapeutic applications of cranlal TENS in clinical populations reveals frequent use of unreliable self-report outcome measures, insufficient description of treatment protocol, invalid double-blind and placebo conditions and often a lack of adequate description of the electrical parameters used. A review of the experimental literature indicates that cranial TENS is capable of modulating central nervous system activity. It is suggested that the inconclusiveness of the clinical literature may be due to i ncomplete research design rather than to the questionable nature of the treatment, and that cranial TENS merits continued research. 411- gera: 58135/di/ra INTRODUCTION OF A NEW THERAPY METHOD : MUSIC SOUND ELECTROACUPUNCTURE STIMULATION. TEKEOGLU I. acupuncture in medicine. 1995;13(2):71-3 (eng ). Music is an increasingly popular means of enhancing pain relief and suppression of anxiety in a variety of painful situations. The author has used a device that delivers an electrical stimulation to acupuncture needles (electroacupuncture) that is frequency modulated by the sound of classical music being played to the patient. In a randomised controlled trial, patients with migraine or cervical tension headache were divided into two groups (25 each). One group received standard electroacupuncture at 100Hz while the other had music sound electroacupuncture stimulation. Pain levels were scored by the patients on a five point scale. Analgesia obtained by the standard electroacupuncture group was statistically significant (P<0.01). That obtained by the music sound

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28 412- gera: 71667/di/re A NEW METHOD OF RECORDING SOMATOSENSORY EVOKED POTENTIALS BY RANDOMIZED ELECTRICAL TOOTH STIMULATION WITH 6 LEVELS OF INTENSITY. UMINO M ET AL. pain. 1995;64(2):269-76 (eng). Dental somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) corresponding to the stimulus intensity levels were recorded at 6 different levels of intensity presented in a randomized order. The relationships between the amplitude of the late SEP component with latency between 150 and 300 msec and each stimulus intensity level were also compared in conditions of randomized intensity and constant intensity. The amplitude of the late component increased significantly with the increased stimulus intensity both in the randomized and constant intensity stimulation. The amplitude of the late component in the randomized stimulation with a 1-sec interstimulus interval (ISI) increased in the same manner as that in the constant intensity condition with a 1-sec ISI. The randomized stimulation with the prolonged ISI increased the amplitude of the late component. The latency of the late positive component significantly increased with the randomized stimulation with a 3-sec ISI. This phenomenon might be attributable to the psychological contamination. SEP recording in the randomized dental stimulation with a 1-sec ISI may have applications in neuropharmacological research or physiological research on pain and evaluation of the 413- gera: 54525/di/re MODIFICATIONS IN THE DISTRIBUTION OF MET-ENKEPHALIN IN THE LIMBIC SYSTEM OF THE CAT BRAIN AFTER ELECTROACUPUNCTURE. AN IMMUNOCYTOCHEMICAL STUDY. VAZQUEZ J ET AL. histology and histopathology. 1995;10(3):577-82 (eng). The distribution of met-enkephalin in the limbic system of the cat brain and its modification after low frequency electroacupuncture (EA) stimulation have been studied experimentally using the indirect immunocytochemistry technique. A marked increase of post-stimulation met-enkephalin immunoreactivity was observed in the tractus habenulo-penduncularis, tractus mamilo-thalamicus, and medial forebrain bundle, and a decrease at the level of the nucleus interpeduncularis, medialis dorsalis, stria terminals, septalis lateralis, septalis medialis, accumbens septi, supraopticus, and amygdaloideus centralis. The experimental results link the changes in immunoreactivity (and therefore the structures in which they take place) with the action of low frequency EA, and permit the conclusion that the met-enkephalinergic portion of the limbic system studied is directly related morpho-functionally 414- gera: 21350/di/ra [THE BASIC STUDY OF LOW FREQUENCY ELECTRICAL ACUPUNCTURE, IV. THE EFFECTS ON RESPIRATORY FUNCTION AND HEART RATE BY STIMULATION OF DIFFERENT POINTS AND FREQUENCIES]. X. journal of the japan society of acupuncture. 1995;45(1):21. (jap). 415- gera: 22017/di/ra [THE STUDY OF CALCIUM CONTENTS ON THE LOCAL TISSUE BY THE ELECTRICAL A.CUPUNCTURE]. X. journal of the japan society of acupuncture. 1995;45(1):87. (jap). 416- gera: 85716/di/ra ELETTRICITA APPLICATA ALLA MEDICINA. CLEMENTINI L. rivista italiana di medicina tradizionale cinese. 1996;64:11-21 (ita). 417- gera: 58405/nd/re [COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE EXPRESSION AND INTERACTION OF ONCOGENE C-FOS/C-JUN AND THREE OPIOID GENES INDUCED BY LOW AND HIGH FREQUENCY ELECTROACUPUNCTURE]. GUO HF. sheng li ko hsueh chin chan. 1996;27(2):135-138 (chi*). The present work was designed (a) to study comparatively the effect of 2Hz and 100Hz electroacupuncture (EA) on the

expression of oncogene c-fos/c-jun and three opioid (preproenkephalin-PPE; preprodynorphin-PPD; proopiomelanocortin-POMC) genes in the rat brain; (b) to clarify the role of Fos/Jun (AP-1) on opioid genes expression induced by EA stimulation through specific blockade of EA-induced Fos/Jun expression using antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) of c-fos/c-jun. The results were: (a) 2Hz and 100Hz EA induced differential Fos expression in different brain areas; (b) EA of both frequencies accelerated PPE gene transcription, but 2Hz EA was more effective than 100Hz EA; (c) PPD expression was accelerated by 100Hz EA, but not by 2Hz EA; (d) the blockade of Fos/Jun expression by c-fos/c-jun antisense ODNs prevented EA from accelerating PPD but not PPE 418- gera: 57385/nd/ra [FREQUENCY DEPENDENCE OF SUBSTANCE P RELEASE BY ELECTROACUPUNCTURE IN RAT SPINAL CORD]. HEN S ET AL. acta physiologica sinica. 1996;48(1):89-93 (chi*). Previous studies in our laboratory have shown that electroacupuncture (EA) using different frequencies produced differential opioid peptide release in the spinal cord of rats and human beings. In the present study we observed the frequency dependence of substance P (SP) release from rat spinal cord, with the frequencies of EA set at 2, 4, 8, 15, 30 and 100 Hz. The spinal perfusate was collected in three periods: 30 minutes before, during and after EA, and the immunoreactive SP (SP-ir) was measured by radioimmunoassay. The effectiveness of EAinduced analgesia was assessed by tail flick latency (TFL). Rats showing an increase of TFL over 40% were considered as EA responders. The results showed that in the responders, SP-ir in spinal perfusate showed a moderate decrease during 2 Hz EA (P<0.01) compared with baseline levels), no change in the 4 Hz EA group, and a marked increase during 8, 15, 30 and 100 Hz EA (P<0.01), with maximal increase occurring at 15 Hz (P<0.001). The above results suggest that EA may induce upward or downward modulation in SP-ir release depending on the frequency of EA. However, in the non-responder rats, no change in spinal fluid SP-ir content was observed. This suggests that changes in SP-ir release have the same causal relation with the analgesia induced by EA stimulation. 419- gera: 57022/di/re EFFECT OF THE INTENSITY OF TRANSCUTANEOUS ACUPOINT ELECTRICAL STIMULATION ON THE POSTOPERATIVE ANALGESIC REQUIREMENT. BAOGUO WANG ET AL. anesth analg. 1997;85(2):406-13 (eng). Given the inherent side effects associated with both opioid and nonopioid analgesic drugs, a nonpharmacologic therapy that could decrease the need for analgesic medication would be valuable. We designed a sham-controlled study to assess the effect of the intensity of transcutaneous acupoint electrical stimulation (TAES) on postoperative patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) requirement for hydromorphone (HM), the incidence of opioid-related side effects, and the recovery profile after lower abdominal surgery. One hundred one healthy consenting women undergoing lower abdominal procedures with a standardized general anesthetic technique were randomly assigned to one of four postoperative analgesic treatment regimens: Group I (n = 26) PCA only; Group II (n = 25), PCA + sham-TAES (no electrical stimulation); Group III (n = 25), PCA + low-TAES (4-5 mA of electrical stimulation); Group IV (n = 25), PCA + high-TAES (9-12 mA of electrical stimulation). The PCA device was programmed to deliver HM, 0. 2-0. 4 mg intravenously boluses "on demand," with a minimum lockout interval of 10 min. The TAES skin electrodes were placed at the Hegu acupoint on the nondominant hand and on both sides of the surgical incision. The TAES frequency was set in the dense-and-disperse mode, alternating at 2 Hz and 100 Hz every 3 s, with stimulation of the hand and incision alternated every 6 s. The patients in Groups II-IV were instructed to use TAES every 2 h for 30 min while awake. After discontinuation of PCA, oral pain medications were administered on demand. The postoperative PCA-HM requirement, pain scores, opioid-related side effects, and requirements for antiemetic and antipruritic medication were recorded. High-TAES decreased the HM requirement by 65%

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29 and reduced the duration of PCA therapy, as well as the incidence of nausea, dizziness, and pruritus. Low- TAES produced a 34% decrease in the HM requirement compared with only 23% in the "sham" TAES group. We conclude that high-TAES produced a significant decrease in the PCA opioid requirement and opioid-related side effects after low intraabdominal surgery. 420- gera: 56508/di/ra [EFFECTS OF 100 Hz TENS ON ADJUVANT-INDUCED MONOARTHRITIS IN RATS]. LIU HONGXIANG ET AL. acupuncture research. 1997;22(1-2):64 (eng*). Injection of water-in-oil type complete Freund's adjuvant (30µl) containing 300µg dead mycobacterium tuberculosis (Human strain) into the tibio-tarsal joint of the rat produced a reliable, reproducible monoarthritic model. The injected ankle joint showed acute redness and swelling sereral hours after the injection. The swelling became stable in 3 weeks and lasted for over 6 weeks. As revealed by behavioral observations and X-ray examinations, the arthritis thus produced was well localised and stable for several weeks. There was a marked increase in the sensitivity of the ankle joint to lateral pressure, and the scores of arthritic flexion and extension pain test in the affected limb indicated the existence of hyperalgesia of the ankle joint. Animals depicted a steady increase of body weight and remained active as opposed to the polyarthritic rats where systemic disturbance of body functions in obvious. The results indicate that this monoarthritis can be served as a chronic pain model for research purpose. Observations were made on the therapeutic effects of 100 Hz transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) on the acute and stable period of this monoarthritis. The intensity of stimulation was increased stepwisly from 1mA to a maximal of 3mA with steps of 1mA lasting for I0min each. TENS was adrministered on the following schedules: 5 times a week, twice a week and once a week, respectively. The platinum electrodes (diameter 5mm) were bilaterally placed on the skin of the acupoint ST 36 located near the knee joint and the medial regions of the thigh where the hair-had been shed. For placebo stimulation, TENS surface electrodes were placed on skin of the same regions but no current was delivered. The treatment for the acute period of monoarthritis began 24 hours after the injection of CFA and lasted for 3 weeks, while treatment for the stable period was from 3 to 8 weeks after injection of CFA. Body weight, circumference of ankle joint, scores of arthritic flexion and extension pain test were recorded. The results showed that: ( I ) When the TENS treatments were applied in acute period, 5-time-a-week TENS produced a reduction of the scores of arthritic flexion and extension pain test of the CFA-injected ankle joint, indicating an alleviation of joint pain, but the swelling was exacerbated. In rats receiving TENS twice a week, all indices improved significantly. In once-a-week TENS schedule, only the extension score was improved. (2)TENS was also applied in the stable period of monoarthritis. Applied 5 times a week, swelling of the ankle joint was aggravated, there was no significant change in the joint pain. Given twice a week, only flexion pain score was reduced. Using once-a-week schedule, all the indices were improved. The results suggested that repeated 100 Hz TENS may produce a therapetic effect on experimental monoarthritis and an analgesic effect on chronic pain. For the treatment in acute period of monoarthritis, the optimal frequency is twice 421- gera: 57822/di/ra [TRIAL DISCUSSION ON MIMIC ACTION OF CLINICAL REINFORCING AND REDUCING METHODS OF ELECTROACUPUNCTURE THERAPY]. LIU YANSHOU. chinese acupuncture et moxibustion. 1997;17(9):569 (chi ). 422- gera: 48860/di/re PARAMETRIC STUDIES ON ELECTROACUPUNCTURE-LIKE STIMULATION IN A RAT MODEL : EFFECTS OF INTENSITY, FREQUENCY, AND DURATION OF STIMULATION ON EVOKED ANTINOCICEPTION. ROMITA VV ET AL. brain research bulletin. 1997;42(4):289-96 (eng). We have found that electroacupuncture-like stimulation of defined sites in the hindlimb of the rat inhibits a nociceptive

withdrawal reflex. The lightly anaesthetized rat was used and tail withdrawal from a noxious radiant heat stimulus was the nociceptive reflex. Standard stimulation of hindlimb meridian points femur-futu (ST-32), fengshi (GB-31), and zusanli (ST-36) consisted of a 2-ms square voltage pulse at 4 Hz for a duration of 20 min, applied at 20 times the threshold to evoke muscle twitch. This produced two types of inhibition of the reflex; one was an increase in the latency of up to 80% during the stimulation, termed the brief antinociception, and the other was a post stimulation increase of up to 60% lasting greater than 1 h, termed the persistent antinociception. When the stimulus intensity was reduced to 10 times threshold, the latency during stimulation increased up to 50%, but the persistent response did not occur. Stimulation at threshold produced neither effect. When the train duration was altered, 10 min of stimulation produced only the brief effect, whereas 40 min of stimulation produced both effects, although the persistent effect lasted only 20 min. Stimulation at 6 Hz produced responses similar to those at 4 Hz, whereas stimulation at 2 Hz produced smaller effects. At 8 Hz, only the brief antinociception was elicited. With a pulse duration of 0. 2 ms, the brief response was observed but the persistent response was markedly attenuated, whereas 5 ms produced responses similar to those with 2 ms. These data suggest that high-intensity, low-frequency electrical stimulation of meridian points in the rat hindlimb produces both brief and persistent antinociceptive effects on the tail withdrawal reflex, and both effects are dependent upon the parameters of stimulation. The persistence of the latter effect beyond the period of stimulation suggests events occurring after direct synaptic activity, possibly mediated via plastic changes at spinal and/or supraspinal levels. 423- gera: 57434/di/ra "ELECTROACUPUNCTURE"-A MODERN MODIFICATION OF?ACUPUNCTURE. SHER L. american journal of acupuncture. 1997;25(4):309 (eng ). 424- gera: 56712/di/ra [EFFECT OF ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTS ON ELECTRODES SHOULD BE PAYED ATTENTION TO AT ELECTROACUPUNCTURE WITH DIRECT CURRENT OR ELECTROTHERAPY]. XIANG LIHUA ET AL. chinese acupuncture and moxibustion. 1997;17(2):126 (chi*). 425- gera: 57969/co/re THE EFFECTS OF ACUPUNCTURE, ELECTRONEEDLING AND TRANSCUTANEOUS ELECTRICAL STIMULATION THERAPIES ON PERIPHERAL HAEMODYNAMIC FUNCTIONING. BALOGUN JA ET AL. disability rehabilitation. 1998;20(2):41-8 (eng ). For decades, acupuncture and electroneedling treatments have been used, predominately in the Eastern countries, in the management of patients with compromised cardiovascular and digestive functions. Similarly, neuromuscular electrical stimulation is commonly employed in Western countries to modulate pain, augment muscle strength and enhance blood flow in patients with peripheral vascular disease. Many rehabilitation specialists believe that electrical stimulation of acupuncture points with surface electrodes can elicit the same physiological and therapeutic effects as those produced by acupuncture and electroneedling techniques. Electrical stimulation of acupuncture points with surface electrodes is a relatively new and noninvasive treatment with potential clinical application in the management of patients with peripheral vascular disease. Presently, there are controversies in the literature as to the effects of traditional acupuncture, electroneedling and neuromuscular electrical stimulation treatments on peripheral haemodynamic functioning. This paper provides a detailed review of published studies on the above promising therapies. An attempt was made to clarify the pitfalls in the extant 426- gera: 68038/di/ra WHAT IS THE BEST PARAMETERS OF ELECTROACUPUNCTURE (EA) STIMULATION FOR THE TREATMENT OF PAIN AND DRUG ADDICTION.

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30 ABSTRACT. HAN ET AL. akupunktur. 1998;26(4):259-60 (eng). 427- gera: 73151/di/ra MICROWVE RESONANCE THERAPY AND ACUPUNCTURE/ NEW PROSPECTS FOR TRADITIONAL MEDICINE. ABSTRACT. RAKOVIE DEJAN ET AL. acupuncture and electrotherapeutics research. 1998;23(3-4):271 (eng*). ABSTRACT Microwaveesonanee Therapy (MRT) is a novel medical treatment, which represents a synthesis of the ancient Chinese traditional knowledge in medicine (acupuncture) and recent breakthroughs in biophysics. Affecting the appropriate acupuncture points by the generation of high frequency microwaves (59-78 GHz), remarkable clinical results of the treatment are being achieved In this presentation the biophysical basis of the MRT, its technical details, medical indications and contraindications, and clinical effects will be presented - offering finally a new insight in the mechanisms of the assembling gap junction hemichannels upon the internal microwave (MOO) electromagnetic field spatio-temporal maximums at the temporary position of the acupuncture system, and hence the very biophysical nature of the temporary psychosomatic health or disease. The quantum-like coherent characteristics of the MRT (sharply-resonant sensory response of the disordered organism, extremely low-intensity and low-energy non-thermal biologically efficient MW radiation, and negligible MW energy losses down acupuncture meridians) might be a consequence of the existence of biological nonlocal selfconsistent macroscopic quantum potentials which can give rise to nonlinear coherent EM MW long-range maser-like excitations of biological nonlinear absorption medium with the cells as active centers - with acupuncture meridians related to eigenfrequences and spatio-temporal eigenwaves distributions of every individual biological quantum system. This suggests that healthy condition might be considered as an absolute minimum (ground state) of the nonlocal selfeonsistent macroscopic quantum potential of the organism, some disorders of an acupuncture system corresponding to higher minimums of the (spatio-temporally changeable) potential hypersurface in energy- configuration space, which possibly explains the higher sensory responses of the more excited (more disordered) acupuncture system, and poor MRT sensory response of the healthy acupuncture system being already in the ground state Such a picture is very close to those of associative neural networks in their energy-configuration spaces, and to pattern recognition as convergence of the neural networks to the bottoms of the potential hypersurfaces, being the attractors of neural networks memory patterns This also supports the EM/ionic "optical" ultralowfrequency modulated MW quantum holographic neural network-like function of the acupuncture system (similar to complex-valued oscillatory holographic Hopfield-like neural networks), and its essential relation to (complex-valued quantum relativistic) consciousness, as strongly suggested from modeling of altered states of consciousness. Finally, the ionic aspects of acupuncture system will be considered, as well as the relation of ultradian (~ 2-hour) nasal rhythm recognized in Indian swara yoga and circadian (~ 94-hour) rhythm recognized in 428- gera: 58516/di/ra [FREQUENCY DEPENDENCE OF SOMATOSTATIN AND CALCITONIN GENE RELATED PEPTIDE RELEASE INDUCED BY ELECTROACUPUNCTURE IN RAT SPINAL CORD]. TIAN J B ET AL. acta physiologica sinica. 1998;50(1):105-10 (chi*). Radioimmunoassay ( RIA ) was used to determine the changes of the immunoreactivity ( ir ) of somatostatin ( SOM ) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in the spinal perfusate of rat induced by electroacupuncture (EA) of different | frequencies. The frequency of EA was chosen to be 2,15 and 100 Hz and the spinal perfusate was collected in three periods of 30 min before, during and after EA. The results indicate: ( 1 ) low frequency EA (2 Hz) increased the spinal SOM-ir level by 39% (P<0.05) but decreased that of CGRP-ir by 47% (P<0.05); (2) conversely, l5Hz EA decreased spinal fluid SOM-ir level by 37 % ( P < 0.05) but increased that

of CGRP ir by 92% (P <0.05); (3) 100 Hz EA behaved like 15 Hz in inhibiting SOM-ir level (P < 0.01 ), but without effect on CGRP-ir. The above results show that specific I frequency is required for peripheral electrical stimulation to activate or suppress the release of spinal neuropeptides SOM and CGRP, a fact that may have clinical implications. 429- gera: 57927/di/ra [FREQUENCY DEPENDENCE OF SOMATOSTATIN AND CALCITONIN GENE RELATED PEPTIDE RELEASE INDUCED BY ELECTROACUPUNCTURE IN RAT CORD]. TIAN JIN-BIN ET AL. acta physiologica sinica. 1998;50(1):105 (chi*). Radioimmunoassay ( RIA ) was used to determine the changes of the immunoreactivity ( ir ) of somatostatin ( SOM ) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in the spinal perfusate of rat induced by electroacupuncture (EA) of different frequencies. The frequency of EA was chosen to be 2, 15 and 100 Hz and the spinal perfusate was collected in three periods of 30 min before, during and after EA. The results indicate: (1) low frequency EA (2 Hz) increased the spinal SOM-ir level by 39% ( P < 0.05) but decreased that of CGRP-ir by 47% ( P < 0. 05); (2) conversely, 15 Hz EA decreased spinal fluid SOM-ir level by 37 % ( P < 0 . 05) but increased that of CGRP-ir by 92% ( P < 0.05); (3) 100 Hz EA behaved like 15 Hz in inhibiting SOM-ir level (P < 0.01), but without effect on CGRP-ir. The above results show that specific frequency is required for peripheral electrical stimulation to activate or suppress the release of spinal neuropeptides SOM and CGRP, a fact that may have clinical implications. 430- gera: 58793/di/re LOW AND HIGH FREQUENCY ELECTROACUPUNCTURE AT HOKU ELICITS A DISTINCT MECHANISM TO ACTIVATE SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM IN ANESTHETIZED RATS. TZER-BIN LIN ET AL. neuroscience letters. 1998;247(23):1558 (eng ). To address the effect of electroacupuncture (Ea) on autonomic nerve activity, the responses of rhythmic micturition contraction (RMC), urine excretion (UE), blood pressure (BP), renal sympathetic nerve activity (RNA) and pelvic parasympathetic nerve activity (PNA) to Ea were investigated in urethaneanesthetized rats. The acupoint Hoku (Li4) was tested with two different stimulation frequencies (2 Hz and 20 Hz). Elongation of the RMC cycle and an increase in UE associated with the elevation of BP and RNA was elicited during Ea at Hoku. However, the pressor response induced by low frequency Ea (LFEa) was different from that by high frequency Ea (HFEa), i.e. a tonic effect was elicited by LFEa, while a phasic one was induced by HFEa. These results imply that: (1) Ea at Hoku may selectively activate the sympathetic, but not the parasympathetic nervous system, (2) Ea at Hoku with a different stimulation frequency may elicit a distinct mechanism to activate the sympathetic nervous system and (3) Ea at Hoku may ameliorate the hyperactive bladder in clinical therapy. 431- gera: 58372/di/re ELECTROACUPUNCTURE: MECHANISMS AND CLINICAL APPLICATION. ULETT GA ET AL. biological psychiatry. 1998;44(2):129-138 (eng ). Acupuncture is an ancient Chinese method to treat diseases and relieve pain. We have conducted a series of studies to examine the mechanisms of this ancient method for pain relief. This article reviews some of our major findings. Our studies showed that acupuncture produces analgesic effect and that electroacupuncture (EA) is more effective than manual acupuncture. Furthermore, electrical stimulation via skin patch electrodes is as effective as EA. The induction and recovering profiles of acupuncture analgesia suggest the involvement of humoral factors. This notion was supported by cross-perfusion experiments in which acupuncture-induced analgesic effect was transferred from the donor rabbit to the recipient rabbit when the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was transferred. The prevention of EA-induced analgesia by naloxone and by antiserum against endorphins suggests that endorphins are involved. More recent work demonstrated the release of endorphins into CSF following EA. In addition, low frequency

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31 (2 Hz) and high frequency (100 Hz) of EA selectively induces the release of enkephalins and dynorphins in both experimental animals and humans. Clinical studies suggesting its effectiveness for the treatment of various types of pain, depression, anxiety, spinally induced muscle spasm, stroke, gastrointestinal disorders, and drug addiction were also discussed. 432- gera: 67279/di/ra [EFFECTS OF ELECTROACUPUNCTURE AT DIFFERENT FREQUENCIES ON PAIN RESPONSE AND CONTENTS OF BETA-ENDORPHIN IN TISSUES IN RATS OF ACUTE ADJUVANT-INDUCED ARTHRITIS]. WANG HONGPEI ET AL. chinese acupuncture and moxibustion. 1998;18(3):163 (chi*). Voir traduction espagnole de: Ener Qi, 1998; 3: 34-39. Réf gera: [73303]. In the present experiment effects of electroacupuncture at two different frequencies, 5Hz and 100Hz, on the pressure-induced limb-withdrawing latency and contents of ß-endorphin in the hypothalamus, pituitary, adrenal gland and lumbar spinal cord were observed in the rats with acute adjuvant-induced arthritis. Results showed that electroacupuncture at the two frequencies increased the pressure-induced limb-withdrawing latency (pain threshold), and raised significantly the content of ß- endorphin in the hypothalamus in the rat. It is suggested that ß-endorphin in the hypothalamus is involved in 433- gera: 58777/di/re CCK(B) RECEPTORS IN THE PERIAQUEDUCTAL GREY ARE INVOLVED IN ELECTROACUPUNCTURE ANTINOCICEPTION IN THE RAT COLD WATER TAILFLICK TEST. XIAO-HONG CHEN ET AL. neuropharmacology. 1998;37(6):751-7 (eng ). Cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK8) (0.252.0 ng), the CCK(A) receptor antagonist L364,718 (60100 ng) or the CCK(B) receptor antagonist L365,260 (0.31251.25 ng) was administered into the periaqueductal grey (PAG) of male SD rats. The antinociceptive effect induced by electroacupuncture (EA) stimulation of different frequencies was then measured by the cold water tailflick (CWT) test. The results showed that (1) microinjection of CCK8 into the PAG can significantly block the antinociceptive effect induced by all frequencies of EA stimulation. The effectiveness of the blockade was 100 > 2 Hz. In addition, CCK8 blocks the antinociception seen following termination of the electrical stimulation at 100 Hz; (2) microinjection of L365,260 (1.25 ng) into the PAG significantly increased the 100 Hz EA antinociceptive effect but not the 2 Hz EA antinociceptive effect and microinjection of L364,718 into PAG did not affect either 2 or 100 Hz EA antinociception. These results demonstrate that CCK8 in the PAG can antagonize the antinociceptive effect induced by EA stimulation, and the 434- gera: 68452/di/ra THERAPY OF ELECTRIC OVOID NEEDLE-EXERCISE. ZHANG BINGRAN ET AL. world journal of acupuncture-moxibustion. 1998;8(2):20-2 (eng). In this paper, authors introduce a new treatment method called the therapy of electric ovoid needle combined with exercise. They used it to treat the soft tissue disorders and got satisfactory results. 435- gera: 67373/di/ra EXPERIENCE IN THE POINT-SELECTION FOR ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE. ZHENG QIWEI. journal of traditional chinese medicine. 1998;18(4):277-81 (eng). 436- gera: 72420/di/ra EAV EN DE WET VAN HERING. DE LIEFDE J. acupunctuur. 1999;22(4):11-14 (ned). 437- gera: 72282/di/ra RATIONALE FOR THE DESIGNING OF A NEW MODEL OF COMPOUND ELECTROACUPUNCTURE-MOXIBUSTION STIMULATOR. DENG ZI. journal of tcm. 1999;19(2):156-8 (eng).

438- gera: 74643/di/ra [CLINICAL OBSERVATION OF PAIN SYNDROME TREATED BY CONVERTER ELECTROPUNCTURE APPARATUS]. FAN JUNMIN ET AL. shanghai journal of acupuncture and moxibustion. 1999;18(2):9 (chi*). Objective Clinical effect of various pain syndromes treated by converter electropuncture apparatus was observed. Method The objective indexes were pain degree and the integral of deficiency and excess types of pain syndrome. The acupoint, whose corresponding channel circulated through the diseased area, was selected and stimulated with low or high frequency. Result The result showed that frequency-decreasing electropuncture could obviously kill the excess-type pain and reduce its integral, while frequency-increasing could remarkably kill the deficiency-type pain and add to its integral. Conclusion The author concluded that reinforcement and reduction of electropuncture could be distinguished by frequency-increasing and frequency-decreasing, frequency decreasing for reduction and 439- gera: 72421/di/ra METEN IS WETEN. HOMBURG G. acupunctuur. 1999;22(6):5-9 (ned*). The EAV (doll's Electroacupuncture) is a very useful supplement for the practise of classical homeopathy. EAV can be extremely helpful for the measurement of blockades, for example amalgam and vaccinations, and differential diagnosis. Therapy resistant cases can then be made therapy accessible again. 440- gera: 70245/di/ra A REVIEW OF CURRENT RESEARCH IN MICROWAVE RESONANCE THERAPY: NOVEL OPPORTUNITIES IN MEDICAL TREATMENT. JOVANOCIC-IGNJATIC Z ET AL. acupuncture and electro-therapeutics research. 1999;24(2):105-25 (eng). Microwave Resonance Therapy (MRT) is a novel medical treatment, which represents a synthesis of the ancient Chinese traditional knowledge in medicine (acupuncture) and recent breakthroughs in biophysics. By affecting the appropriate acupuncture points by the generation of high frequency microwaves (52-78 GHz), remarkable clinical results are being achieved in surgery, orthopedic and traumatology, cardiovascular disorders, urology, gynecology, demmatology, gastroenterology, pulmology, upper respiratory tract, cardiology, neurology, and oncology during the last decade - the MRT being contraindicated only in the cases of acute pain in the abdomen demanding an operation, pregnancy, and menstruation cycle. In this paper the quantum-like macroscopic biophysical basis of the MRT and its technical details are elaborated too, offering a new insight in the mechanisms of the assembling gap junction hemichannels upon the internal microwave (MW) electromagnetic field spatio-temporal maximums at the temporary position of the acupuncture system, and, hence, the very biophysical nature of the temporary psychosomatic health or disease. The quantum-like coherent characteristics of the MRT (sharply-resonant sensory response of the disordered organism, extremely low-intensity and low-energy non-themmal biologically efficient MW radiation, and negligible MW energy losses down acupuncture meridians) might be viewed as a consequence of the existence of biological nonlocal selfconsistent macroscopic quantum potentials, which can give rise to nonlinear coherent EM MW long-range maser-like excitations of biological nonlinear absorption medium with the cells as active centers - with acupuncture meridians related to eigenfrequencies and spatio-temporal eigenwaves distributions of every individual biological quantum system. This suggests that a healthy condition might be considered as an absolute minimum (ground state) of the nonlocal selfconsistentmacroscopic quantum potential of the organism. Some disorders of an acupuncture system correspond to higher minimums of the (spatio-temporally changeable) potential hypersurface in energy-configuration space, which possibly explains the higher sensory responses of the more excited (more disordered) acupuncture system and the poor MRT sensory response of the healthy acupuncture system

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32 being already in the ground state. Such a picture also supports the EM/ionic "optical" ultra low frequency modulated MW quantum holographic neural network-like function of the acupuncture system (similar to complex-valued oscillatory holographic Hopfieldlike neural networks), and its essential relation to consciousness, as strongly suggested from biophysical modeling of altered states of consciousness. Finally, the ionic aspects of the acupuncture system are considered, too, as well as the relation of ultradian (~ 2-hour) nasal rhythm recognized in Indian swara yoga and circadian (~ 24-hour) acupuncture rhythm recognized in Chinese traditional medicine, and their significance for maintaining the ionic balance within acupuncture system, as 441- gera: 70898/di/ra A REVIEW OF CURRENT RESEARCH IN MICROWAVE RESONANCE THERAPY: NOVEL OPPORTUNITIES IN MEDICAL TREATMENT. JOVANOVIC-IGNJATIC Z ET AL. acupunct electrother res. 1999;24(2):105-25 (eng). Microwave Resonance Therapy (MRT) is a novel medical treatment, which represents a synthesis of the ancient Chinese traditional knowledge in medicine (acupuncture) and recent breakthroughs in biophysics. By affecting the appropriate acupuncture points by the generation of high frequency microwaves (52-78 GHz), remarkable clinical results are being achieved in surgery, orthopedic and traumatology, cardiovascular disorders, urology, gynecology, dermatology, gastroenterology, pulmology, upper respiratory tract, cardiology, neurology, and oncology during the last decade--the MRT being contraindicated only in the cases of acute pain in the abdomen demanding an operation, pregnancy, and menstruation cycle. In this paper the quantum-like macroscopic biophysical basis of the MRT and its technical details are elaborated too, offering a new insight in the mechanisms of the assembling gap junction hemichannels upon the internal microwave (MW) electromagnetic field spatio-temporal maximums at the temporary position of the acupuncture system, and, hence, the very biophysical nature of the temporary psychosomatic health or disease. The quantum-like coherent characteristics of the MRT (sharply-resonant sensory response of the disordered organism, extremely low-intensity and low-energy non-thermal biologically efficient MW radiation, and negligible MW energy losses down acupuncture meridians) might be viewed as a consequence of the existence of biological nonlocal selfconsistent macroscopic quantum potentials, which can give rise to nonlinear coherent EM MW long-range maser-like excitations of biological nonlinear absorption medium with the cells as active centers--with acupuncture meridians related to eigenfrequencies and spatio-temporal eigenwaves distributions of every individual biological quantum system. This suggests that a healthy condition might be considered as an absolute minimum (ground state) of the nonlocal selfconsistent macroscopic quantum potential of the organism. Some disorders of an acupuncture system correspond to higher minimums of the (spatio-temporally changeable) potential hypersurface in energy-configuration space, which possibly explains the higher sensory responses of the more excited (more disordered) acupuncture system and the poor MRT sensory response of the healthy acupuncture system being already in the ground state. Such a picture also supports the EM/ionic "optical" ultralowfrequency modulated MW quantum holographic neural network-like function of the acupuncture system (similar to complex-valued oscillatory holographic Hopfield-like neural networks), and its essential relation to consciousness, as strongly suggested from biophysical modeling of altered states of consciousness. Finally, the ionic aspects of the acupuncture system are considered, too, as well as the relation of ultradian (approximately 2-hour) nasal rhythm recognized in Indian swara yoga and circadian (approximately 24-hour) acupuncture rhythm recognized in Chinese traditional medicine, and their 442- gera: 59828/di/ra AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE ON AUDITORY IMPAIRMENT CAUSED BY KANAMYCIN IN GUINEA PIGS. LIU Y ET AL. journal of traditional chinese medicine. 1999;19(1):59-64 (eng ).

Frequency following response (FFR) and auditory brain stem evoked potential response (ABR) were used to determine the auditory acuity in evaluating the effect of electro-acupuncture treatment of kanamycin-induced auditory impairment in guinea pigs. The succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity and morphological changes of the inner ear receptors were examined under the light and scanning electron microscope in cochlear spread preparations. The results showed that 1) electro-acupuncture was effective but no significant differences were found among the stimulating wave forms; 2) Tinggong (SI 19), Yifeng (SJ 17), Shenshu (UB 23), Sanyinjiao (Sp 6), Zhubin (K 9) and Waiguan (SJ 5) are all effective acupoints, especially the combination of Tinggong (SI 19), Sanyinjiao (Sp 6) and Zhubin (K 9) acupoints; 3) improvement in the cochlear function and excitability of the cortical and lower auditory center and increase of the mitochondrial SDH activity and energy supply in hair cells 443- gera: 72451/di/ra ANALGESIC EFFECT OF HIGH VS LOW FREQUENCY ELECTROACUPUNCTURE IN POSTSURGICAL PAIN. ABSTRACT. MO MS ET AL. akupunktur theorie und praxis. 1999;27(4):249 (eng). 444- gera: 59789/co/re PERCUTANEOUS ELECTRICAL NERVE STIMULATION OR ACUPUNCTURE. PINSKER MC. anesth analg. 1999;89(4):1065 (eng ). 445- gera: 73435/di/ra [EFFECTS OF ELECTROACUPUNCTURE AT DIFFERENT FREQUENCIES ON PAIN-THRESHOLD AND CONTENTS OF PLASMA CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDES AND CORTISOL IN RATS OF ACUTE EXPERIMENTAL ARTHRITIS]. WANG HONGBEI ET AL. chinese acupuncture and moxibustion. 1999;19(3):170 (chi*). Effects of electroacupuncture at two different frequencies, 5Hz and l00Hz on pressure-induced limb-with-drawing latency and contents of plasma cAMp, cGMp and cortisol were observed. Results showed that electroacupuncture at the two frequencies all could increase obviously pain threshold in the rats of arthritis, with no significant difference between them; electroacupuncture at the two frequencies all could raise plasma cAMP and cAMP contents, with significant difference between the two frequencies; the analgesic effect of electroacupuncture at 5Hz had significant correlatively with the increase of plasma cAMP content; and electroacupuncture at 5Hz could elevate markedly plasma cortisol content. It is suggested that electroacupuncture at different frequencies can produce different effects and they have possibly different analgesic mechanisms. 446- gera: 70237/di/ra [(EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH IN THE SUPPRESSION OF EPILEPTIC PETIT MAL BY ELECTROPUNCTURE).]. WU DING. shanghai journal of acupuncture and moxibustion. 1999;18(6):32 (chi). Objective: To investigate the inhibitory effect of electropuncture on epileptic petit mal and its underlying mechanism. Method: Points on Du Channel, Dazhui (GV 14) and Jizhong (GV 6). were electropunctured in rat model of this epilepsy. Results: Electropuncture could suppress spike and slow wave due to the epilepsy. A high electropuncture frequency of 80 Hz had a better effect. Conclusion: Electropuncture can markedly reduce the excitability of cerebral cortex and strengthen the inhibitory process. checking epilepsy wave. Some intrathalamic nuclei have a promoting or inhibiting effect on epilepsy wave. 447- gera: 70614/di/ap BRACELET D'ACUPUNCTURE. X. croc'la vie magazine. 1999;:1P (fra). AcuOne : Bracelet d'acupuncture électronique qui se positionne sur le poignet droit L'énergie dégagée entraîne une réaction des centres nerveux et du cerveau pour agir secondairement sur l'appétit, le stress et la volonté. 550 à

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33 448- gera: 90596/di/ra TRANSCUTANEOUS ELECTRICAL NERVE STIMULATION (TENS): THE EFFECT OF ELECTRODE PLACEMENT UPON CUTANEOUS BLOOD FLOW AND SKIN TEMPERATURE. ABSTRACT. CRAMP AFL ET AL. acupuncture and electrotherapeutics research. 2000;25(3-4):215-6 (eng). 449- gera: 75586/di/ra [STUDY FOR THE OPIOID MECHANISMS UNDERLYING THE ANALGESIC EFFECT INDUCED BY HIGH-VERSUS LOW-FREQUENCY ELECTROACUPUNCTURE IN MICE]. HUANG CHENG ET AL. chinese journal of pain medicine. 2000;6(2):96 (chi*). Objective: To study the opioid mechanisms of the analgesia induced by high-versus low-frequency electroacupuncture (EA) in mice. Methods: Cross-tolerance technique and receptor pharmacological methods were used. The percentage increase in tail flick latency (TFL) was taken to assess the efficacy of EA analgesia. Results: (1) Mice made tolerant to morphine showed a cross-tolerance to 2 Hz EA analgesia (EAA). (2) Mice made tolerant to 2 /100 Hz EA showed cross-tolerance to both 2 Hz- and 100 Hz EAA, whereas 2 Hz EAA showed no cross- tolerance to 100 Hz EAA. (3) Subcutaneous (s. c.) injection of CCK-B receptor antagonist L365, 260 produced a marked potentiation of the analgesia induced by 100 Hz EA, but not 2 Hz EA, and a significant reversal of acute or chronic tolerance to 100 Hz EA. Conclusion: (1) Low and high frequency EAA in mice are mediated by different types of opioid receptors. (2) Endogenous CCK8 shows an antagonistic effect on 100 Hz EAA, but not 2 HZ EAA and CCK are involved in I00Hz-induced tolerance. (3) The opioid and CCK mechanisms underlying EA analgesia 450- gera: 73513/di/ra [COMPARISON AMONG THE EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT INTENSITIES OF TENS FOR TREATMENT OF CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY PAIN IN RATS]. LIU HONGXIANG ET AL. chinese acupuncture and moxibustion. 2000;20(2):111 (chi*). The aim of the present study was to find the appropriate intensities of transcutaneus electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) for the treatment of the chronic monoarthritis inflammatory pain via comparison of their therapeutic effects. Results indicated that the simulative intensity could influence the therapeutic effect of repeated TENS on chronic pain when the TENS treatment, once a week and twice a week, was applied and the therapeutic effects of 3 simulative intensities were compared, it was found that when repeated TENS was applied for treatment of chronic inflammatory pain, weaker simulative intensity had a bet. 451- gera: 73624/di/ra ELECTROSTIMULATORS FOR ACUPUNCTURE: SAFETY ISSUES. LYTLE CD ET AL. journal of alternative and complementary medicine. 2000;6(1):37-41 (eng). Three representative electrostimulators were evaluated to determine whether they meet the manufacturers' labelled nominal output parameters and how the measured parameters compare with a safety standard written for implanted peripheral nerve stimulators. The pulsed outputs (pulse width, frequency, and voltage) of three devices were measured with an oscilloscope across a 500-ohm resistance, meant to simulate subdermal tissue stimulated during electroacupuncture. For each device, at least two measured parameters were not within 25% of the manufacturer's claimed values. The measured values were compared with the American National Standard ANSI/AAMI NS15 safety standard for implantable peripheral nerve stimulators. Although for two stimulators the pulse voltage at maximum intensity was above that specified by the standard, short-term clinical use may still be safe because the standard was written for long-term stimulation. Similarly, the net unbalanced DC current, which could lead to tissue damage, electrolysis, and electrolytic degradation of the acupuncture needle, was within the limits of the standard at 30 pulses per second, but not at higher frequencies. The primary conclusions are (1) that the outputs of electrostimulators must be calibrated and (2) that practitioners must be adequately trained to use these

electrostimulators safely. 452- gera: 92319/di/ra [CLINICAL EXPERIENCE OF APPLYING ELECTROACUPUNCTURE INTENSITY]. SUN LI-JUAN. shanghai journal of tcm. 2000;34(11):28 (chi*). From the author's experience the electroacupuncture and its intensity (current intensity and pulse frequency) should be selected differentially. Weak stimulation and low frequency is selected for facial paralysis and eye diseases, moderate stimulation and frequency for obstinate headache, moderate stimulation and high frequency for mouth convulsion, and strong stimulation and high frequency for hiccup. 453- gera: 89294/di/ra [POST-TRAUMATIC SPINAL SPASTICITY TREATED WITH HAN'S ACUPOINT NERVE STIMULATOR (HANS)]. WANG JIA-CONG ET AL. chinese journal of pain medicine. 2000;6(4):217 (chi*). Muscle spasm and the accompanying severe pain are devastating consequences of spinal trauma. Han's acupoint nerve stimulator (HANS) was used for the treatment of spinal spasticity. The 4 surface electrodes were applied on the skin over acupoints located at the hand (Hegu and Yuji) and the leg (Zusanli and Chenshan). (1) High frequency (100Hz, 0. 2ms) but not low frequency (2Hz, 0. 6ms) stimulation for 30min produced an immediate spasmolytic effect lasting for 20 min as tested by Ashworth score and Clonus score. (2) The spasmolytic effect of 100Hz HANS could be partially but significantly reversed by naloxone (0. 4 mg, s. c. an opioid antagonist. (3) The therapeutic effect of 100Hz HANS (30 min per day) became longer lasting to an average of 5 -6h after 5 treatments (1 week), and remained stable during the observation period of 2nd to 4th week. (4) The therapeutic effect was site specific. Placement of the electrodes over the skin around sacral region produced an immediate therapeutic effect lasting for only 1-2h, whereas placement of electrode at acupoints in hand and leg produced a moderate pain relief, which lasted for 5 - 7h. It is concluded that high frequency (100Hz) transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation for 30 min a day produced a relief of spasticity lasting for 5-6h. This effect was naloxone reversible. 454- gera: 72029/di/ra EFFECT OF HIGH OR LOW FREQUENCY ELECTROACUPUNCTURE ON THE CELLULAR ACTIVITY OF CATECHOLAMINERGIC NEURONS IN THE BRAIN STEM. YOUNG-BAE KWON ET AL. acupuncture and electrotherapeutics research. 2000;25(1):27-36 (eng). Although the opioid system plays a pivotal role in the analgesic effect of electroacupuncture (EA), it has been suggested that other peptigerdic systems also may be involved in the therapeutic effect of EA. Among several peptides for EA-induced analgesia, catecholamine (CA) is associated with the descending pain inhibitory system. We evaluated whether the different frequencies of EA modified the cellular activity of central CA synthetizing neurons using double labeling immunohistochemistry between Fos-like immunoreactive (FLI) neurons and dopamine-ß-hydroxylase (DBH)/tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive neurons. We observed that different frequencies of EA increased the number of FLI neurons in catecholaminergic neurons, such as the dorsal raphe (DR), hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (Arc), locus coeruleus (LC), A5 noradrenaline (A5), and A7 noradrenaline cells (A7). In addition, different frequencies of EA significantly increased the ratio of colocalization between FLI neurons and TH positive neurons in DR, LC and Arc. Only low frequency EA increased the neuronal activity in Arc. The ratio of double labeling between FLI and DBH positive neurons was also elevated at both LC and A5. These data demonstrate that different frequencies of EA increase the cellular activity of central CA synthetizing neurons, suggesting that the CA system plays an important role in EA-induced analgesia. 455- gera: 87897/di/ra DIFFERENT FREQUENCIES OF ELECTROACUPUNCTURE MODIFIED THE CELLULAR ACTIVITY OF SEROTONERGIC NEURONS IN BRAINSTEM. YOUNG-BAE-KWON ET AL. american journal of chinese

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34 medicine. 2000;28(3-4):435-41 (eng). In this study, we evaluated whether different frequencies of electroacupuncture (EA) modified the activities of serotonergic neurons in the dorsal rapine (DR) and rapine Magnus (RMg) using double labelling immunohistochemistry for Fos and serotonin. The results demonstrated that both high and low frequency EA increased the colocalization between Fos and serotonin in the DR, not in RMg as compared with anesthesia control. In addition, high frequency EA more potently increased the serotonergic activity in the DR rather than low frequency EA, suggesting that serotonergic pathway from the DR plays an important role in the high frequency EA 456- gera: 75845/di/ra [TACHYCARDIA AMELIORATED BY ELECTROACUPUNCTURE IN MORPHINE WITHDRAWAL RATS]. YU YUNGUO ET AL. chinese journal of integrated traditional and western medicine. 2000;20(5):353 (chi*). Objective: To establish morphine withdrawal tachycardia model of rat and to observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) with different frequency on its heart rate. Methods: Morphine dependence was induced in Whistar rats by injection of morphine for 8 days successively, and EA 1 mA in strength was given after withdrawal of morphine with different frequencies of 2 Hz, 15Hz and 100Hz, the heart rate and blood pressure were recorded in the awaked rats. Results: Morphine abstinent rats showed a 24% increase of heart rate as compared with that of the normal control group, but no significant change was observed in blood pressure. The 100Hz and 15Hz EA produced a 13. 4 % and 13. 1% decrease of heart rate respectively, whereas 2Hz EA produced insignificant change. Conclusion: The reducing effect of percutaneous electric stimulation on tachycardia in heroin addicts 457- gera: 92145/di/ra [OBSERVATION ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF DIFFERENT CENTRAL SOMATOSENSORY EVOKED POTENTIALS AFTER THE STIMULATION BY ELECTROACUPUNCTURE]. ZHANG LUFEN ET AL. journal of beijing university of tcm. 2000;23(6):43 (chi*). The effects of electroacupuncture (EA) on the subcortical components, cortical components and pain components of the somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) induced by electrical stimulation of the median nerve were studied, and the characteristics of different central SEPs were summarized. The results showed that (1) 1 - 2 V EA of different frequencies (20 Hz and 40 Hz) had an obvious inhibiting effect on the amplitude of the duodecimo components P14-Nlr, still keeping the amplitude on a relatively low level after 20 minutes of EA performance; (2) 2 - 5 V EA of 20 Hz had an obvious inhibiting effect on the cortical components P14-N20, P25-N30 and P45-N60; (3) 2 - 5 V EA of different frequencies (2 Hz, 20 Hz, 40 Hz and 60 Hz) had an obvious inhibiting effect on the pain components P2m-N3w, and a especially stronger effect was observed when the EA was on 20 Hz, with a strong and 458- gera: 93463/di/ra FEEDBACK-MODULATED MICROCURRENT IN ACUPUNCTURE TREATMENT. BRAUN WP. medical acupuncture. 2001;12(2):6-10 (eng). Background Acupuncture point stimulation with both needles and transcutaneous microcurrent can be combined in the same treatment session. Microcurrent devices with feedback modulation characteristics offer theoretical advantages over those without them. Objective To describe the outcomes of patients treated with acupuncture and transcutaneous feedback-modulated microcurrent. Design, Setting, and Patients Four patients received treatment at a physician acupuncturist's practice. Two patients had chronic limb pain, 1 had acute migraine headache, and 1 had chronic depression. Intervention A combination of acupuncture and acupuncture point stimulation with transcutaneous feedback-modulated microcurrent. Main Outcome Measures Patient reports of pain level, activity level, and use of medication. Results Chronic pain patients: 1 (disabled) patient had complete pain relief and returned to work, 1 experienced significant pain relief The patient with acute headache had complete pain relief. The patient with depression was able to discontinue her medication. Conclusions Acupuncture point stimulation with a

combination of needles and transcutaneous feedback-modulated microcurrent can be used to satisfactorily 459- gera: 92480/di/ra [LOW FREQUENCY ELECTROACUPUNCTURE STIMULATING REGULARITY OF GASTRIC MYOELECTRICAL ACTIVITY FOR POINTS SELECTION IN RABBITS]. CHEN LING. journal of fujian college of tcm. 2001;11(1):25 (chi*). To study the different effects of low frequency electroacupuncture in comparison with random combination of "Zusanli" (ST36), "Neiguan" (PC6), "Pishu" (BL20) (seven groups respectively, is one point group, two points group and three points group), throught the computer spectrum analysis of rabbit Gastric Electrogastrogram (EGG) which resulted from electroacupuncture on gastric parietal subserosa, the effects were observed and the percentage of normal slow waves used as index. The results showed that the transient irregularity of EGG caused by bound could be inhibited to different extent by low frequence electroacupuncture among the seven groups. The effects were the most obvious in the three points group and that of only Neiguan points run the second. It indicates that low frequency electroacupuncture on the effective points can improve the percentage of normal slow waves of EGG 460- gera: 112183/di/ra PERCUTANEOUS ELECTRICAL NERVE STIMULATION -ELECTROACUPUNCTURE BY ANOTHER NAME? A COMPARATIVE REVIEW. CUMMINGS M. acupuncture in medicine. 2001;19(1):32 (eng*). 461- gera: 112471/di/ra RYODORAKU-EIN LEICHT ERLERNBARES AKUPUNKTURMODELLZUM EINSATZ IM KLINISCHEN ALLTAG. GRUBE TH. deutsche zeitschrift fur akupunktur. 2001;44(2a):223 (deu). 462- gera: 115462/di/ra RYODORAKU-EIN LEICHT ERLERNBARES AKUPUNKTURMODELLZUM EINSATZ IM KLINISCHEN ALLTAG. GRUBE TH. deutsche zeitschrift fur akupunktur. 2001;44(2a):223 (deu). Nakatani's Ryodoraku Akupunktursystem ist in Europa und speziell in Deutschland weitestgehend unbekannt. Aber gerade Schulmediziner ohne fundierte Kenntnisse der traditionellen chinesischen Medizin TCM können sehr leicht Zugang zu den physiologischen Grundlagen, die auf der Beeinflussung des vegetativen Nervensystems beruhen, finden. Mit einer Einführung und praktischen Übungen soll das handling und die Aussagekraft dieser Behandlungsmethode dargestellt werden. (NACATANI'S RYODORAKU-AN EASY TO GET ACUPUNCTURE MODELL FOR THE CLINICAL USE EVERY DAY) 463- gera: 97183/di/ra [EFFECT OF DIFFERENT AMOUNT OF STIMULATION IN ELECTROACUPUNCTURE ON SIDE-EFFECT OF WILFORDINE]. GU YIHUANG, LI SHOUDONG, JIN HONGZHU. jiangsu journal of traditional chinese medicine. 2001;22(9):39 (chi). 464- gera: 89747/di/ra [LITERATURE ANALYZING ON THE STATUS OF ELECTRIC STIMULATION IN ACUPUNCTURE EXPERIMENT RESEARCH]. HUANG XIAO-QIN ET AL. chinese journal of basic medicine in tcm. 2001;7(1):73 (chi*). Meta-analysis have been made by using literatures of experiment acupuncture of one kind of national journal recent years for the purpose of probeing the problem existenting in the experiment research of acupuncture. It was found that electric stimulation was used in most of experiment research of acupuncture, and every numerical value of index of electric stimulation (frequence, wavelengh, voltage, and electrical current) was different in every experiment in a wide rage. In most of literature the numerical values of each index of electric

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35 stimulation adopted were not imparted to the readers fully. in some theses "slight shivering in limbs" were used as an index of appropriate electric stimulation, but there were a wide range in numerical value of index of electric stimulation in those theses, there for "slight shivering in limbs" may be an index less objective than electric indices. The numerical value of different index of electric stimulation is one of an important factor to the effect and mechanism of acupuncture. Because of an absence of fully and uniform numerical values of indices of electric stimulation in different literature, it is difficult to make an intercomparison and citing each other among different acupuncture 465- gera: 95973/di/ra [FREQUENCY-SPECIFIC RESPONSES OF HUMAN BRAIN TO PERIPHERAL TRANSCUTANEOUS ELECTRIC NERVE STIMULATION : A FUNCTIONAL MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING STUDY]. JIN ZHEN ET AL. acta physiologica sinica. 2001;53(4):275-8 (chi*). The purpose of the present investigation was to determine the responses of human brain to tranwutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS) at different Frequencies by functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI) examinations covering the whole brain of eleven healthy volunteers. Each subject received TENS at acupoints ST36 and SP6 of the left leg at the frequencies of 2 and 100 Hz. Frequency-specific responses were found in motor-related areas, thalamus, limbic system and associated cortex to stimulation of the two frequencies, while the primary somatosensory areas were activated by both. Therefore, it appears that 2 and 100 Hz TENS act through different 466- gera: 112489/di/ra EAV-E.ELEKTROAKUPUNKTUR NACH VOLL-45 JAHRE ERFAHRUNG IN DER REGULATIONSMEDIZIN KRASSNIGG R. deutsche zeitschrift fur akupunktur. 2001;44(2a):228 (deu). 467- gera: 115480/di/ra EAV-E. ELEKTROAKUPUNKTUR NACH VOLL-45 JAHRE ERFAHRUNG IN DER REGULATIONSMEDIZIN. KRASSNIGG R. deutsche zeitschrift fur akupunktur. 2001;44(2a):228 (deu). Der Körper des Menschen bleibt nur dann gesund, wenn jede seiner ca. 1015 Zellen weiß, welche Leistung sie in jedem Augenblick zu erbringen hat. Die erforderliche, gewaltige Regel- und Steuerleistung im Bereich der Informationsgewinnung, des Informationstransfers, der Bereitstellung von Material, der Entsorgung von Material; zwischen Teilen und Bereichen in den Zellen, den Zellen untereinander in einem Organ, den Organen in einem Organsystern, den verschiedenen Organsystemen - kann nur, wie in der modernen Technik, durch einen spezifischen elektromagnetischen Datenaustausch gewährleistet werden. Dr. Voll gelang es bereits vor ca. 45 Jahren, aufbauend auf der Erfahrung der klassischen Akupunktur, durch Messung des Hautwiderstandes Akupunkturpunkte als elektrisch aktive Punkte zu identifizieren, die darüber hinaus durch ihren Messwert energetischen Aufschluss über pathologische oder physiologische Vorgänge und Situationen geben. Über die klassischen Akupunktur- und weitere elektrische Messpunkte lassen sich Hinweise und Zusammenhänge über die komplizierten und komplexen Zusammenhänge von Systemen und Subsystemen im Körper, ihren gegensei-tigen Behinderungen und Beeinflussungen messtechnisch sichtbar machen. Der Körper reagiert nach einer gezielten Konfrontation mit allergie- und unverträglich-keitauslösenden, sowie systemisch störenden Substanzen wie z.B. Nahrungsmittel, Viren, Bakterien, Protozoen, Herbizide, Pestizide, Fungizide, Lacke, Lösungsmittel, Schwermetalle, zahnärztliche Werk-stoffe, Medikamenten (homöopathisch/ allopathisch usw.) und therapeutisch wirksamen Substanzen an den Messpunkten mit einer spezifischen Änderung des Hautwiderstandes, wodurch eine individuelle Belastung bzw. eine spezifische Therapie ausgemessen werden kann. Der Vortrag soll in die Grundlagen der EAV einführen und einen Überblick über die Möglichkeiten der Methode vermitteln zur diagnostischen und therapeutischen Erweiterung de

Akupunktur. (EAV-ELECTROACUPUNCTURE ACCORDING TO VOLL-45 YEARS EXPERIENCE IN REGULATIVE MEDICINE) 468- gera: 45931/di/ra TRATAMIENTO DEL DOLOR MEDIANTE LA ELECTROACUPUNTURA:ELECCION DE LA PRECUENCIA OPTIMA ARGUMENTOS EXPERIMENTALES. NGUYEN J. medicina holistica. 2001;63:21 (esp). 469- gera: 94884/di/re THE EFFECT OF GENOTYPE ON SENSITIVITY TO ELECTROACUPUNCTURE ANALGESIA. WAN Y ET AL. pain. 2001;91(1-2):5-13 (eng). Individual differences in sensitivity to pain and analgesia are well appreciated, and increasing evidence has pointed towards a role of inherited genetic factors in explaining some proportion of such variability. It has long been known by practitioners of acupuncture, an ancient modality of analgesia, that some patients are 'responders' and others 'non-responders.' The present research was aimed at defining the inherited genetic influence on acupuncture analgesia in the mouse, using 10 common inbred strains. Two pairs of metallic needles were inserted into acupoints ST 36 and SP 6, fixed in situ and then connected to the output channel of an electric pulse generator. Electroacupuncture (EA) parameters were set as constant current output (intensity: 1.0-1.5-2.0 mA, 10 min each; frequency: 2 or 100 Hz) with alteration of a positive and negative square wave, 0.3 ms in pulse width. Tail-flick latencies evoked by radiant heat were measured before, during and after EA stimulation. Narrow-sense heritability estimates of 2 and 100 Hz EA were 0.37 and 0.16, respectively. We found that the C57BL/10 strain was the most sensitive, and the SM strain was the least sensitive to both 2 and 100 Hz EA. However, the relative sensitivities of other strains to these two EA frequencies suggested some genetic dissociation between them as well. These results demonstrate a role of inherited genetic factors in EA sensitivity in the mouse, although the low- to-moderate heritability estimates suggest that environmental factors may be of greater importance in predicting who will benefit from this analgesic modality. 470- gera: 112569/di/ra THE COMPARISON BETWEEN THE METHODS HAVING TWO ELECTRODES AND FOUR ELECTRODES AS A MEANS OF MEASURING THE PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES THROUGH THE ELECTRODERMAL ACTIVITY OF HUMAN BODY. WOO-YOUNG JANG ET AL. deutsche zeitschrift fur akupunktur. 2001;44(2a):252 (deu). 471- gera: 115560/di/ra THE COMPARISON BETWEEN THE METHODS HAVING TWO ELECTRODES AND FOUR ELECTRODES AS A MEANS OF MEASURING THE PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES THROUGH THE ELECTRODERMAL ACTIVITY OF HUMAN BODY. WOO-YOUNG JANG ET AL. deutsche zeitschrift fur akupunktur. 2001;44(2a):252 (deu). In oriental medicine, homeopathy and alternative medicines, the method of finding the pathological changes of human body by measuring the degree of the electrodermal activity (EDA) is widely used. Especially, the two- electrode methods such as EAV (Electroacupuncture by Voll) which is the method of measuring skin impedances using wet electrodes and applying direct current to the skin, have been widely used as means of measuring the degree of EDA. These diagnostic methods are based on the presumption that specific parts of human body show their own characteristic changes of electric impedance proper to specific states of the body. This implies that the changes of electric impedance of the human body can be influenced by other factors as well as perspiration. The measurement method for these diagnostic purposes must exclude effects of perspiration when measuring the electric impedance of human body. However, the change of contact resistance between skin and electrode by perspiration cannot be effectively eliminated, as far as twoelectrode methods are concerned. In this paper, therefore, four-electrode method

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36 which is widely used in a field of (Electrical Impedance Tomography) to exclude the contact resistance is compared with two-electrode method. Experiments are performed under three conditions, that is, normal, similar to perspiration phenomenon or acupunctured on the Neiguan (P.6) point. As a result, we have found that four-electrode method has more diagnostic values than two-electrode method. 472- gera: 95715/di/ra [CUMULATIVE AND LASTING EFFECTS OF MULTIPLE 100 HZ EFFECTROACUPUNCTURE STIMULATION SUPPRESSED THE MORPHINE WITHDRAWAL SYNDROME IN RATS]. WU LIU-ZHEN ET AL. chinese journal of pain medicine. 2001;2:105 (chi*). Aim: To observe whether multiple electroacupuncture stimulation (EAS) bas a cumulative and lasting suppressing effect on morphine withdrawal syndrome in rats. Methods: (1) Rats were injected twice dally at 08. 00 and 20. 00 h for 10 days with increasing doses of morphine (10 - 120 mg/kg s. c.) to make rats dependent to, morphine. These rats were then randomly divided into 4 groups n = 10 each group), and EAS (30-min per session) was administered 12 h after the last morphine injection. Group 1 was given 100 Hz EAS 4 times at 08:00, 09. - 30,18: 00 and 19:30 h; Group 2 for 2 times at 08: 00 and 19:30 h, and group 3 for once at 19:30 h. Group 4 was kept in the holder without EAS, serving as control. The spontaneous withdrawal syndromes were monitored and scored 24 h after the last injection of morphine for 75-min. (2) Seven days later, naloxone-precipitated withdrawal syndromes were monitored and scored for 30-min in the saine group of rats. Results: (1 The group receiving 4 x EAS expressed less severe spontaneous withdrawal syndrome than the control P < 0. 0 1), 1 x EAS (P < 0. 0 1) and 2 x EAS (P < 0. 05) groups. (2) The naloxone-precipitated withdrawal syndrome of EAS groups tested one week after the first test were significantly reduced compared to the control group (P < 0. 0 1), and the 4xEAS group was significantly better than the 1 x EAS group (P < 0. 05). Conclusion: (1) Multiple EAS has cumulative effect to suppress morphine withdrawal syndrome (4 x EAS > 1 x EAS). (2) The effects of multiple (2-4) EAS can last for at least 7 days. 473- gera: 95631/di/ra [INFLUENCE OF ELECTROACUPUNCTURE AT DIFFERENT FREQUENCIES ON NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE EXPRESSION IN THE HEAD OF NUCLEUS CAUDATUS AND PUTAMEN IN RATS']. XIONG KEREN ET AL. acupuncture research. 2001;26(2):90 (chi*). Objective: To study the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) of "Hegu" (LI 4) at different frequencies on nitric oxide synthase (NOS) expression in the nucleus caudatus and putamen in the rat. Methods: 18 SD rats were randomly divided into control group (n = 6), 2 Hz-EA group (n = 6) and 128 Hz-EA group (n = 6). Unilateral "Hegu" (LI 4) was punctured and stimulated with electrical pulses (3 V, duration of 1 ms, 2 Hz and 128 Hz) for 30 min. Changes of NOS expression were displayed by using nicotinamide adenosine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH-d) method and observed under microscope. Results: In comparison with control group, the number of NOS positive neurons in the dorsallateral, ventral-lateral and dorsal-medial regions of the nucleus caudatus and putamen were increased significantly in both 2 Hz-EA group and 128 Hz-EA group (P < 0. 05). The fact suggests that nitric oxide of this nucleus may participate in acupuncture analgesia. Conclusion: Both 2 Hz and 128 Hz EA of "Hegu" (LI 4) can 474- gera: 93526/di/ra [EFFECT OF ELECTRO-STIMULATION OF POINTS ON AMPLITUDES OF AUDITORY MIDDLE LATENCY RESPONSE IN GUINEA PIGS]. ZHOU QING-HUI ET AL. journal of anhui traditional chinese medical college. 2001;20(2):31 (chi*). Objective: To study the effect of electro-stimulation of points on amplitudes of auditory middle latency response in guinea pigs. Method: Electro-acupuncture stimulation (unsynchronous with the click) and repetitive electrical stimulation (synchronised with the click) of points on foreleg (Waiguan and Zhongzhu) were administered to, guinea pigs of two groups respectively. Auditory middle latency responses evoked by

click were recorded before and after the stimulation, and the different effects of these two electro- stimulation modalities on the amplitudes of the evoked response were analyzed. Result: The amplitudes of the evoked response decreased greatly during the electro-acupuncture period when electro-acupuncture of points on foreleg was administered, while the amplitudes increased greatly with the administration of repetitive, electrical stimulation. Conclusion: It is not proper to assess the excitability of the cerebral cortex only by the changes of the amplitudes of the evoked potential during electro- 475- gera: 26656/di/re EVALUATION OF A METHOD TO EXPERIMENTALLY INDUCE COLIC IN HORSES AND THE EFFECTS OF ACUPUNCTURE APPLIED AT THE GUAN-YUAN-SHU (SIMILAR TO BL-21) ACUPOINT. MERRITT A ET AL. am j vet res. 2002;63(7):1006-11 (eng). OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the reliability of a method for inducing colic via small intestinal distention in horses and to examine the analgesic potential of bilateral electroacupuncture (EAP) at the Guan-yuan-shu (similar to BL21) acupoint. ANIMALS: 5 healthy adult horses, each with a gastric cannula. PROCEDURE: A polyester balloon connected to an electronic barostat was introduced into the duodenum via the gastric cannula. At 2 specified intervals (before and after commencement of EAP), the balloon was inflated to a barostat-controlled pressure that induced signs of moderate colic. Each inflation was maintained for 10 minutes. Heart and respiratory rates were continuously recorded. Frequency of various clinical signs of colic was recorded by 2 trained observers during various combinations of balloon inflation and EAP. Each horse received each of 5 treatment protocols (EAP at 20 Hz, sham EAP at 20 Hz, EAP at 80: 120 Hz dense:disperse, sham EAP at 80: 120 Hz dense:disperse, no treatment). Sham EAP was at a point located 2 cm lateral to the Guan-yuan-shu acupoint. RESULTS: Duodenal distention consistently induced a significant increase in frequency of signs of colic. None of the EAP protocols caused a significant reduction in frequency of these clinical signs during distention. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The method described is reproducible and highly controllable method for inducing colic that involved duodenal distention that should be useful in evaluating the efficacy of various analgesic strategies. Bilateral EAP at the Guan-yuan-shu acupoint was ineffective in reducing signs of discomfort induced by this method. 476- gera: 109006/di/ra PERCUTANEOUS ELECTRICAL NERVE STIMULATION - ELECTROACUPUNCTURE BY ANOTHER NAME? A COMPARATIVE REVIEW. MIKE CUMMINGS. acupuncture in medicine. 2002;19(1):32 (eng*). Percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (PENS) is a technique that has been described as a 'novel analgesic therapy'. A review was performed of the published literature in order to compare PENS with the author's knowledge and experience of the use of EA, specifically with regard to the stimulation parameters, the selection of points, and the reported efficacy. The conclusion of the review is that PENS is neither different in principle nor in practice from EA, and whilst the term accurately reflects the nature of the treatment, there is no substantial justification for 477- gera: 108992/di/ra DOES DEQI (NEEDLE SENSATION) EXIST?. PARK H ET AL. american journal of chinese medicine. 2002;30(1):45 (eng). The mechanism, by which acupuncture works is not yet clear, therefore there is no unequivocal consensus about styles and sensations of needling. To enhance the scientific base of acupuncture, needling somehow should be objectified. The term Deqi is understood to represent all or at least the main form of phenomena to acupuncture stimulation. The characteristics of Deqi, however, have always been based on a translation of original Chinese description. Hoping to find a clue to develop sham (placebo) method for subject blinding, we investigated which sensations are frequently expected and experienced, and whether or not these expectations and

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37 experiences of sensations are similar in naive subjects. The acupuncture sensation scale developed by Vincent et al. (1989) was translated into Korean. Thirty-eight healthy acupuncture naive female volunteers (mean age 29.1, range 25-39) were asked to complete the sensation scale of acupuncture according to what they expected needling to feel like before needling. Needling was done on left Hegu (LI4) point in the hand and consisted of insertion, stimulation for 30 seconds, and removal. Directly after needling, the subjects were asked to complete the same sensation scale according to what they experienced. The subjects expected to feel hurting, penetrating, sharp, tingling, pricking and stinging, and actually experienced aching, spreading, radiating, pricking and stinging more than 60% of the time. Comparison between expectation and experience, the subjects expected more penetrating, tingling, pricking and burning than they experienced, and on the contrary experienced more aching, pulling, heavy, dull, electric and throbbing than they expected. Traditionally described sensations of Deqi are something beyond just a general pain dimension in the Korean population. Further study involving acupuncture experienced subjects or subjects from other cultures need to confirm this finding. Moreover, sham acupuncture should be studied. 478- gera: 107490/di/ra [PRELIMINARY STUDY ON CONNECTIVE MODEL OF CONDUCTING WIRES IN ELECTROACUPUNCTURE]. ZHU JIANG, ZHANG JUN, ZHANG LUFEN ET AL. chinese acupuncture and moxibustion. 2002;21(9):541 (chi*). In order to more scientifically select connective model of conducting wires in clinical electroacupuncture treatment, consulting literature and clinical observation were used to research and analyze present situation of selection of connective model of conducting wires in electroacupuncture, and relations of the connecting model with therapeutic effect and needling sensation response. It was found that there were some differences about description of the connective model in relative literature and papers, and different connecting models could produce different therapeutic effects and needling sensation response in different regions. It is held that ipsilateral connecting model can be used for treatment of diseases of limbs, and contralateral connecting model should be 479- gera: 115174/di/ra PERCUTANEOUS ELECTRICAL NERVE STIMULATION -ELECTROACUPUNCTURE BY ANOTHER NAME? A COMPARATIVE REVIEW. CUMMINGS M. acupuncture in medicine. 2003;19(1):32 (eng*). Percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (PENS) is a technique that has been described as a 'novel analgesic therapy'. A review was performed of the published literature in order to compare PENS with the author' s knowledge and experience of the use of EA, specifically with regard to the stimulation parameters, the selection of points, and the reported efficacy. The conclusion of the review is that PENS is neither different in principle nor in practice from EA, and whilst the term accurately reflects the nature of the treatment, there is no substantial 480- gera: 117818/di/ra [ADVANCES OF STUDIES ON STIMULATING PARAMETERS OF ELECTROACUPUNCTURE.]. GU CHENYI, HU JUN, CAI YUNBIAO. chinese acupuncture and moxibustion. 2003;23(8):489 (chi*). 481- gera: 122137/di/ EDITORIAL - ELECTROACUPUNCTURE QUALITY ISSUES REVISITED. RICHARD C NIEMTZOW ET AL. medical acupuncture. 2003;14(3):3 (). 482- gera: 122139/di/ BOOK REVIEW - MICROCURRENT ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE: BIO-ELECTRIC PRINCIPLES, EVALUATION AND TREATMENT. STARWYNN D. medical acupuncture. 2003;14(3):45 ().

483- gera: 117580/nd/re OVARIAN BLOOD FLOW RESPONSES TO ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE STIMULATION AT DIFFERENT FREQUENCIES AND INTENSITIES IN ANAESTHETIZED RATS. STENER-VICTORIN E, KOBAYASHI R, KUROSAWA M. auton neurosci. 2003;108(1-2):50-6 (eng). The purpose of the present study was to investigate changes in ovarian blood flow (OBF) in response to electro- acupuncture (EA) stimulation at different frequencies and intensities in anaesthetized rats. Whether the ovarian sympathetic nerves were involved in OBF responses was elucidated by severance of the ovarian sympathetic nerves. In addition, how changes in the systemic circulation affected OBF was evaluated by continuously recording blood pressure. OBF was measured on the surface of the left ovary using laser Doppler flowmeter. Acupuncture needles with a diameter of 0.3 mm were inserted bilaterally into the abdominal and the hindlimb muscles and connected to an electrical stimulator. Two frequencies-2 Hz (low) and 80 Hz (high)-with three different intensities- 1.5, 3, and 6 mA-were applied for 35 s. Both low- and high-frequency EA at 1.5 mA and high-frequency EA at 3 mA had no effect on OBF or mean arterial blood pressure (MAP). Low-frequency EA at 3 and 6 mA elicited significant increases in OBF. In contrast, high-frequency EA with an intensity of 6 mA evoked significant decreases in OBF, followed by decreases in MAP. After severance of the ovarian sympathetic nerves, the increases in the OBF responses to low-frequency EA at 3 and 6 mA were totally abolished, and the responses at 6 mA showed a tendency to decrease, probably because of concomitant decreases in MAP. The decreased OBF and MAP responses to high-frequency EA at 6 mA remained after the ovarian sympathectomy, and the difference in the responses before and after ovarian sympathectomy was nonsignificant.In conclusion, the present study showed that low-frequency EA stimulation increases OBF as a reflex response via the ovarian sympathetic nerves, whereas high- frequency EA stimulation decreases OBF as a passive response following systemic circulatory changes. 484- gera: 112932/di/ra CLINICAL EXPERIENCE IN ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE TREATMENT. SUN LIJUAN. journal of tcm. 2003;23(1):40 (eng). 485- gera: 115923/di/ra CLINICAL EXPERIENCE IN ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE TREATMENT. SUN LIJUAN. journal of tcm. 2003;23(1):40 (eng). 486- gera: 117581/di/ra [STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF TRANSCUTANEOUS ELECTRIC NERVE STIMULATION ON OBESITY]. TIAN D, LI X, SHI Y, LIU Y, HAN J. beijing da xue xue bao. 2003;35(3):277-9. (chi). OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of transcutaneous electrical stimulation produced by Han's acupiont nerve stimulator (HANS) in treating obesity. METHODS: Sixteen volunteers with primary obesity were recruited, without any instructions or attempts to control their dietary. The trial started in November 2001 and ended in June 2002. Each obese volunteer received transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS) at 8 acupoints. The electrical parameters were: frequency at 2 Hz, with pulses width of 0.6 ms; intensity varied depending on individual's sensitivity to electrical stimulation to maintain a comfortable level. The treatment was administered 3 times per week. Body weight was recorded before each TENS treatment. RESULTS: The main value of body weight decreased gradually during the trial, with a net decrease of (2.06 +/- 0.31) kg at the end of 12 weeks' treatment (the first phase), corresponding to a decrease of (2.78 +/- 0.40)% as compared with the initial body weight (P < 0.01). In the interim period of 4 weeks (during the Chinese Spring Festival), a partial recurrence of the body weight occurred. During the second phase of treatment lasting for 15 weeks, there was again a reduction of body weight for (2.81 +/- 0.68) kg,

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38 corresponding to a decrease of (3.90 +/- 0.40)% (P < 0.001) as compared with the pretreatment level. CONCLUSION: An open trial of HANS treatment revealed a moderate, but significant effectiveness on weight reduction in a group of people with primary obesity. The therapy remains effective for the second phase of treatment. It is anticipated that a better effect can be achieved if the treatment is accompanied with diet control and appropriate exercise. 487- gera: 120712/di/ra EXPERIENCIA CLINICA CON LA TERAPIA DE ELECTROACUPUNTURA .. X. journal of tcm- el puso de la vida. 2003;35:21 (esp). 488- gera: 121565/di/ra ELECTROACUPUNCTURE METHOD. X. journal of acupuncture and tuina science. 2003;1(3):40 (eng). 489- gera: 120194/di/ra EFFECT OF ELECTRO--ACUPUNCTURE ON RAT JOINT PATHO-MORPHOLOGY OF CHRONIC ADJUVANT ARTHRITIS MODEL. ZHANG YOU-MEI, HU LING, TANG CHUN-ZHI, ET AL. chinese journal of integrative medicine. 2003;9(1):53 (eng*). 490- gera: 135402/di/ra [THE INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT FREQUENCY ELECTROACUPUNCTURE ON MUSCULAR CYTOMORPHOLOGY IN RAT'S DENERVATED GASTROCNEMIUS]. LI QW, GUO Y, ET AL. shanghai journal of acupuncture and moxibustion. 2004;23(11):38 (chi*). 491- gera: 131599/di/ra A PARAMETRIC STUDY OF ELECTROACUPUNCTURE ON PERSISTENT HYPERALGESIA AND FOS PROTEIN EXPRESSION IN RATS. LIXING LAO RUI-XIN ET AL. brain research. 2004;1020(1-2:18-29 (eng). We previously reported the anti-hyperalgesia of electroacupuncture (EA) on persistent inflammatory pain in an unrestrained, unsedated, and conscious rat model. Using this model, induced by injecting complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) into one hind paw, we systematically evaluated the anti-hyperalgesia of EA stimulation parameters (frequency, intensity, treatment duration, and pulse width). We assessed hyperalgesia by paw withdrawal latency (PWL) to a noxious thermal stimulus and found that 10- and 100-Hz EA frequencies at a current intensity of 3 mA produced the greatest anti-hyperalgesia, when compared to other parameters. Both frequencies significantly increased PWL in the early phases of hyperalgesia (2.5 and 24 h; p < 0.05), and 10 Hz EA also significantly increased PWL in later phases (5 to 7 days; p < 0.05). A sufficient but tolerable intensity of 3 mA was more effective than lower intensities (1-2 mA). A 20-min treatment produced better anti-hyperalgesia than longer and shorter (10 and 30 min) treatments. Acupoint specificity study demonstrated that GB30 produced significant EA anti-hyperalgesia, while Waiguan (TE5) and sham points, an abdominal point and a point at the opposite aspect of GB30, did not. The spinal Fos protein expression study demonstrated that the optimal EA selectively suppressed Fos expression in superficial laminae (I II) and activated it in deeper laminae (III IV) of the spinal dorsal horn. The results suggest that the EA anti-hyperalgesia is parameter-dependent and point-specific, and they provide important information for designing further clinical acupuncture research on persistent inflammatory pain. 492- gera: 134024/di/ra 1.L'ÉLECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE (EA) À 100 HZ ET NON L'ACUPUNCTURE MANUELLE DIMINUE L'HYPERALGÉSIE MÉCANIQUE DANS L'ARTHRITE EXPÉRIMENTALE CHEZ LE RAT. NGUYEN J. acupuncture & moxibustion. 2004;3(4):301-3 (fra). Commentaire de Huang C, Hu ZP, Long H, Shi YS, Han JS, Wan Y. Attenuation of mechanical but not thermal

hyperalgesia by electroacupuncture with the involvement of opioids in rat model of chronic inflammatory pain. Brain Res Bull. 2004 Mar 15;63(2):99-103. 493- gera: 134025/di/ra 2.EA À 100 HZ RÉDUIT LES LÉSIONS HISTOLOGIQUES DE L'ARTHRITE CHRONIQUE EXPÉRIMENTALE CHEZ LE RAT ET NON EA À 2HZ OU ENCORE L'ACUPUNCTURE MANUELLE. NGUYEN J. acupuncture & moxibustion. 2004;3(4):303. (fra). Commentaire de Zhang You-Mei, Hu Ling,Tang Chun-Zhi et al. Effect of electro-acupuncture on rat joint patho- morphology of chronic adjuvant arthitis model. Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2003;9(1):53-6. 494- gera: 134026/di/ra 3.LES PARAMÈTRES DE L'ÉLECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE NGUYEN J. acupuncture & moxibustion. 2004;3(4):302. (fra). 495- gera: 131652/di/ra DIFFERENT EFFECTS OF 2 AND 100 HZ TETANUS ON THE EXPRESSION OF LONG-LASTING LONG-TERM POTENTIATION IN RAT VISUAL CORTICAL SLICES. PAN BIN, YANG DONG-WEI, HAN TAI-ZHEN. acta physiologica sinca. 2004;56(4):451 (eng*). Long-term potentiation (LTP) can be induced by various tetanic parameters in the mammalian visual cortex. However, little researches have been done on the relationship between the expression of the long-lasting LTP (late phase LTP or L-LTP) lasting more than 3 h and the tetanic parameters. In the present study, the effects of 2 Hz and 100 Hz tetanic parameters on L-LTP of the field potentials were recorded from the layer II /III of the rat visual cortical slices in response to stimulation of the layer N. As a result, tetanic parameters that had more than 300 pulses reliably induced L-LTP in the postnatal day 1521 rats. Obviously different L-LTP expressions were induced by 2 Hz and 100 Hz tetani. There was no difference in L-LTP expression induced by the parameters with the same frequency and different total pulses. These data suggest that L-LTPs induced by different frequency parameters may have different induction and maintenance mechanisms; L-LTPs induced by the parameters with the same 496- gera: 130070/di/ra [EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT STIMULATING PARAMETERS AND THEIR VARIOUS COMBINATIONS ON ELECTROACUPUNCTURE-INDUCED CEREBRAL ISCHEMIC TOLERANCE IN RATS]. YANG JING, XIONG LI-ZE, WANG QIANG, ET AL. chinese acupuncture and moxibustion. 2004;24(3):208 (chi*). Objective To investigate the effect of different stimulating parameters including current intensity, frequency and wave form on electroacupuncture-induced cerebral ischemic tolerance so as to obtain the best combination of the stimulating parameters. Methods Two hundred and ten male SD rats were randomly divided into 35 groups: control group. pentobarbital group and 33 electroacupuncture groups, 6 rats in each group. Twenty four hours after the last treatment, the right middle cerebral artery was occluded for 120 min, and the neurological deficit scores (NDS) were evaluated at 24 h after reperfusion, and then the infarct size was determined by TTC staining. /Results There was no significant difference among the three current intensity (1 mA, 2 mA and 3 mA) for infarct size (P>0. 05), but there was a very significant difference among the three wave forms (P<0. 01) , and among the frequencies from 2 Hz to 100 Hz (P<0.0001) respectively. The cerebral infarct size in most electroacupuncture groups decreased. The groups of 2/15 Hz, 2/30 Hz and 2 Hz showed the smallest cerebral infarct size. The NDS in all the electroacupuncture groups were lower than that in the controls (P<0. 05). Conclusion Frequency and wave form play more important roles in the electroacupuncture-induced cerebral ischemic tolerance than current intensity, with the best frequencies from 2 Hz to 30 Hz. 497- gera: 131503/di/ra

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39 ESPERIENZA CLINICA NELLA TERAPIA MEDIANTE ELETTROAGOPUNTURA. ZHENG ZHAOJIAN. rivista italiana di medicina tradizionale cinese. 2004;95(1):53 (ita*). Postoperative enteroparalysis refers to dysfunction of the intestinal tract after abdominal surgery, which is manifested by abdominal distension, failure of aerofluxus from the anus, etc. In recent years the author has treated postoperative enteroparalysis by acupuncture and achieved satisfactory therapeutic results. It is reported as follows. 498- gera: 135399/di/ra [THE INFLUENCE OF HIGH-INTENSITY ELECTROACUPUNCTURE ON HYPERTENSION PATIENTS WITH DEFICIENCY OR EXCESS SYNDROME]. ZHOU JFJIN R . shanghai journal of acupuncture and moxibustion. 2004;23(11):19 (chi*). 499- gera: 132920/di/ra [CHANGES OF BLOOD PRESSURE OF BLEEDING SHOCK RABBITS AFTER DISTINCT INTENSITY ELECTRO - ACUPUNCTURE]. ZHOU JIEFANG , ET AL . journal of emergency in tcm. 2004;13(10):683 (chi*). Objective: to investigate the influence of the instinct current intensity of electro - acupuncture in anti - shock treatment. Methods: The rabbits were made to be the animal models of bleeding shock. By random, they were sep¬arated to be three groups. The rabbits' points Renzhong (,A, TP) and Tianmen (A. r l) on both the small intensity group and the large intensity group were stimulated by current 2. 5mA and 4. 5mA respectively, and the controlled group was not stimulated by acupuncture. After electro - acupuncture, the changes of blood pressure of the three groups were compared each oth¬er. Results: After electro - acupuncture, the blood pressures of the large in¬tensity group were increased higher than those of the small intensity group and the controlled group; and that of the small intensity group and the con¬trolled group changed similarly. Conclusion: The large intensity of electro - acupuncture is effective in increasing blood pressure of rabbits with bleeding shock; the small one has no effect. The suitable current intensity of electro - acupuncture plays an important in anti - shock treatment. 500- gera: 130939/di/ra [INVESTIGATION AND ANALYSIS OF SENSORY AND PAIN THRESHOLDS IN PERSONS OF DIFFERENT BODY CONSTITUTION ]. ZHOU JIE-FANG, JIN RUI. chinese acupuncture and moxibustion. 2004;24(4):251 (chi*). Objective To investigate sensory and pain thresholds of electroacupuncture in the healthy persons and patients in order to use correctly electroacupuncture parameters in treatment. Methods The sensory and pain thresholds of electroacupuncture were measured respectively in the 3 groups, healthy group, deficiency syndrome group and excess syndrome group. Results The average sensory threshold of electroacupuncture was 1. 47 mA and the average pain threshold was 4. 44 mA in the healthy group. There was a certain difference in sensory and pain thresholds between the persons of different sexes and ages, and there were significant differences between the healthy person and the patient, deficiency syndrome and excess syndrome. Conclusion The groups of different constitution have different sensory and pain thresholds of electroacupuncture and in treatment, different intensity of electroacupuncture should be used according to different body constitutions. 501- gera: 136720/di/ra [INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT INTENSITIES OF ELECTROACUPUNCTURE ON BLOOD PRESSURE IN EXCESS- SYNDROME TYPE HYPERTENSION PATIENTS]. ZHOU JIE-FANG, JIN RUI. acupuncture research. 2004;29(4):286 (chi*). Objective: To research the significance of different intensities of electroacupuncture (EA) in the regulation of blood pressure. Methods: A total of 44 cases of excess-syndrome type hypertension patients were divided by randomizing into high-intensity EA group (n = 21) and medium-intensity EA group (n = 23). Bilateral Quchi (LI 11) and Taichong (LR 3) were

punctured and stimulated with the same continuous waveform, same frequency (70 pulses/min) , and different electric current intensities:3.7 mA (high intensity) and 2.7 mA (medium intensity). EA treatment was given to the patients with double blind method. Results: The sensation threshold and pain threshold of high-intensity EA and medium-intensity EA groups were 1.50 ± 0.29 mA and 1.52 ± 0.33 mA, 3.93 ± 0.47 mA and 3.89 ± 0.43 mA respectively. Following high-intensity EA stimulation, the systolic and diastolic blood pressure values increased from 22.0 ± 1. 8 kPa and 11. 9 ± 0. 3 kPa to 26. 2 ± 1. 6 kPa (P < 0.01) and 12.0 ± 0.7 kPa separately; while after medium-intensity EA stimulation, the systolic and diastolic blood pressure values declined significantly from 22. 3 ± 1. 6 kPa and 11.9 ± 0.8 kPa to 20.7 ± 1.4 kPa (P < 0.01) and 11.3 ± 0.7 kPa (P < 0.01) respectively. Conclusion: The electric current intensity of EA plays an important role in the regulation of blood pressure. The high-intensity EA may raise blood pressure while the medium-intensity EA has the effect of lowering blood pressure and the later is suitable to treat excess-syndrome type hypertension patients. 502- gera: 139279/di/ra A MULTIDIMENSIONAL OPTIMIZATION PROCESS FOR ENHANCING ELECTROACUPUNCTURE EFFICIENCY . BIN CHEN, PHD, THOMAS YEE, MD, MEHLIKA AYLA KISER, BINGMEI FU,. medical acupuncture. 2005;16(2):12 (eng*). Most electroacupuncture devices function by adjusting variables such as current strength, frequency, stimulating pattern, and duration. To achieve a therapeutic result, repeated stimuli must be applied to at least 10 acupuncture points each time. Four variables on an individual point would produce numerous possible combinations and the therapy would be too time-consuming. The goal of our study was to improve acupuncture efficiency by identifying the optimal combinations of these variables. To do this, we first quantified the stimulated feeling as a comfort level and measured this comfort level as a function of current strength, frequency, stimulating pattern, and duration for each acupuncture point. Experiments were conducted on 3 subjects. Least-squares multidimensional curve fitting method was applied to these experimental data to determine the closed-form of this function (comfort level k = function k (current, frequency, pattern, duration); k = 1, 2, 3 ...n; n is the total number of the acupuncture points, n >-10). Multivariable optimization technique (Quasi-Newton method) was then used to discover the value of current strength, frequency, stimulating pattern, and duration that gave the best comfort levels in terms of a 503- gera: 140614/di/ra [COMPARISON OF HYPOTHALAMIC ANALGETIC EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT ACUPUNCTURES IN ADJUVANT ARTHRITIS RATS.]. FU Y , LIANG FR , TAO QL. shanghai journal of acupuncture and moxibustion. 2005;24(5):38 (chi*). Objective To compare the analgetic effects and hypothalamic analgetic mechanisms of electroacupuncture , filiform-needle acupuncture, blood-letting puncture and point injection. Methods Adjuvant arthritis rat was used as a model of inflammatory pain. Electroacupuncture, filiform-needle acupuncture, blood-letting puncture and point injection were performed at point Kunlun. Pain threshold and the extent of inflammatory focus swelling were examined and hypothalamic (B-endorphin (3-EP) , adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and pre-opium- melanocortin (POMC) mRNA expression were measured by radioimmunoassay and in situ hybridization. Results All- four acupuncture methods could raise pain threshold, especially electroacupuncture and point injection, and reduce inflammatory focus swelling without a significant difference among the groups. Electroacupuncture and filiform-needle acupuncture could increase hypothalamic (B-EP content with electroacupuncture to a larger extent. Point injection could heighten hypothalamic ACTH con-tent. Electroacupuncture and filiform-needle acupuncture could increase hypothalamic POMCmRNA expression. Conclusion Electroacupuncture, filiform-needle acupuncture, blood-letting puncture and point injection all have a relieving effect on inflammatory pain with electroacupuncture and point injection better. At hypothalamic level, electroacupuncture and filiform-needle acupuncture may produce an analgetic effect through

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40 increasing hypothalamic 3-EP content and POMCmRNA expression and point injection, through raising hypothalamic ACTH content. Blood-letting puncture may produce an analgetic effect by a way out of hypothalamic B-EP and ACTH. 504- gera: 136958/di/ra [EFFECTS OF ELECTROACUPUNCTURE AT DIFFERENT FREQUENCIES ON MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES OF NERVOUS TISSUES AND ELECTROMYOGRAM OF SKELETAL MUSCLES IN THE RAT WITH INJURY OF SCIATIC NERVE]. LI QING-WEN, YISIDATOULAWO, GUO YI, ET AL. chinese acupuncture and moxibustion. 2005;25(3):217 (chi*). Objective To observe effects of electroacupuncture of different frequencies on morphological changes of nervous tissues and electromyogram (EMG) of skeletal muscles in regeneration,so as to find more proper parameters of electroacupuncture. Methods The nerve regeneration chamber was built after the sciatic nerve was transected, and acupuncture was given at "Huantiao" (GB 30)," Zusanli" (ST 36) and "Sanyinjiao" (SP 6) at the affected side with- different frequencies 5 Hz,100 Hz), 30 min each time,once every other day,3 time each week, for 20 weeks and a control group was set up for natural recovery. The nerve fibers were stained by silver dying and ultra-structures of nerve tissues were observed. EMG of gastrocnemius was determined by Biopac physiologic apparatus. Results Electroacupuncture could promote the recovery of form of nerve tissues after the transection of sciatic nerve and functions of de-innervated muscle tissues after lesion of sciatic nerve, and the therapeutic effect of electroacupuncture at 5 Hz was the best. Conclusion Electroacupuncture is an important way of promoting the 505- gera: 136853/di/ra [SYNDROME DIFFERENTIATION AND TREATMENT OF ADVERSE QI ASCENDING OF CHONG MERIDIAN BY YE TIANSHI ]. PENG CAOYUN. china journal of traditional chinese medicine and pharmacy. 2005;20(3):142 (chi). 506- gera: 142975/di/ra [EFFECT OF MOXIBUSTION ON THE HEMODYNAMICS OF CUTANEOUS AND SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE. COMPARISON BETWEEN FIVE-CONE AND SEVEN-CONE MOXIBUSTION -]. TAWA MUNENORE , KITAKOJI HIROSHIU, YANO TADASHI', SAKAI TOMOMI". journal of the japan society of acupuncture and moxibustion. 2005;55(4):20 (chi). [Objective] Using a near infrared spectrometer and laser Doppler blood flowmeter, we investigated how the number of moxa applications influences blood flow at moxibustion and peripheral sites.[Method] The subjects were nine healthy adult males, aged 25-28 years (average age Skin blood flow was measured with a laser Doppler blood flowmeter while changes in the deep tissue (deep subcutaneous level and muscle surface course level) blood volume were measured with a near infrared spectroscopy. Each of the probes was located at the moxibustion treatment site and 20 mm away from the site.On different days, measurements were taken from a control group not receiving stimulation, groups receiving five-tone and seven-cone moxibution (2 mg of moxa per application), respectively.Measurements of the control group were taken for 25 minutes, while measurements for the other two groups were taken for 5 minutes before conducting moxibustion and for 20 minutes directly after completion of moxibustion.[Results and Discussion] The skin blood flow demonstrated an further increased tendency after seven- cone moxibustion than five-cone moxibustion. This seemed to be due to the strong flare phenomenon affecting cutaneous blood flow quantity by increasing the number of moxibustion cones.The effect of moxibustion on skin blood flow volume is suggested to be due to the strong flare phenomenon induced by increasing the number of moxibustion. The effect to the deep tissue indicated a tendency for the blood flow volume to decrease.It is considered that further detailed experiment will be necessary in the future regarding these ambiguous points. 507- gera: 141172/di/re EFFECTS OF INTENSITY OF ELECTROACUPUNCTURE

UPON EXPERIMENTAL PAIN IN HEALTHY HUMAN VOLUNTEERS: A RANDOMIZED, DOUBLE-BLIND, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED STUDY. BARLAS P, TING SL, CHESTERTON LS, JONES PW, SIM J. pain. 2006;Mar 6: (eng). Electroacupuncture is commonly used for pain relief. Despite an extensive evidence-base guiding the selection of stimulation parameters, little methodologically robust research exists regarding the level of intensity required to provide effective doses. This study investigated the hypoalgesic effects of two stimulation intensities compared to placebo on pressure pain thresholds (PPTs) in pain-free humans. Forty-eight acupuncture-naive volunteers (mean age 23), stratified by gender, were screened for relevant contraindications and randomly allocated to four groups: control, placebo, high-intensity ("to tolerance but sub-noxious") or low-intensity ("strong but comfortable"). True or placebo electroacupuncture, using the Streitberger placebo needle, was administered to acupoints on dominant forearm (LI10, TH5) and ipsilateral leg (GB34, ST38). True needles (30mm long, 0.3mm diameter) were inserted 20-25mm and "de-qi" was elicited from active groups, prior to administering 30min of 4Hz, 200mus electroacupuncture. No electrical stimulation was performed on control and placebo groups, and placebo needles were used. After the intervention period, all needles were removed. Volunteers were monitored for 30 further minutes. Two PPT measurements were taken bilaterally from muscle bellies of first dorsal interosseous by an independent rater, at baseline and at six subsequent 10-min intervals. Square-root transformed data were analysed using repeated-measures ANOVA, with baseline data as covariate. The high-intensity group was significantly different from the placebo group for both measurement sites (p=.020, p=.033). The control group displayed stable PPT readings over time. No significant differences were observed between the placebo and control groups. These findings suggest that high-intensity levels may be important in optimal dose selection. 508- gera: 125793/di/ra [OBSERVATION ON CLINICAL THERAPEUTIC EFFECT OF TRANSCUTANEOUS POINT ELECTRIC STIMULATION ON PERIARTHRITIS OF SHOULDER AT DIFFERENT STAGES] FANG JQ, ZHANG Y, XUAN LH, LIU KZ, CHEN L. chinese acupuncture and moxibustion. 2006;26(1):11-4. (chi). OBJECTIVE: To observe the therapeutic effect of transcutaneous point electric stimulation on periarthritis of shoulder at different stages and compare with electroacupuncture. METHODS: Three hundred and sixty cases of periarthritis of shoulder at different stages were divided into a treatment group (n=186) treated with transcutaneous point electric stimulation, and a control group (n=174) treated with electroacupuncture. Same acupoints were selected in the two groups. RESULTS: The total effective rate of transcutaneous point electric stimulation was 96.6% at the adhesion prophase and 96.9% at the adhesive stage, but electroacupuncture stimulation was 93.5% and 97.9%, respectively, with no significant differences between the two groups; transcutaneous point electric stimulation not only could relieve pain, but also significantly improve dysfunction of shoulder joints at the adhesive stage. CONCLUSION: Transcutaneous point electric stimulation is an effective and convenient therapy for 509- gera: 142550/di/ra VARIATIONS IN ELECTRICAL WAVEFORM PATTERNS WITH PERCUTANEOUS ELECTROACUPUNCTURE STIMULATION: CASE STUDY. HANNON RL. medical acupuncture. 2006;17(2):24 (eng). A single-case pilot study was commenced to assess variation of electrical waveform responses with 2 electroacupuncture stimulation mon tages. The examiner's left lower limb was stimulated using a monopolar electromyograph needle electrode over acupuncture points LR 3 (neg ative) to LR 8 (positive), and then SP 6 to SP 9. Averaged needle electromyographic recordings were made at selected acupuncture points at o below the knee, both on and off the principal meridian subcircuit. Waveform amplitude differences were noted between the 2 stimulation mon tages; the electrical

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41 activity did not stay confined to the stimulated principal meridian subcircuit. SP 6 to SP 9 stimulation produced larger peak to-peak response amplitudes than LR 3 to LR 8 stimulation overall. Further studies should demonstrate how these findings might influence elec troacupuncture treatment efficacy. 510- gera: 141345/di/re PAIN RELIEF DURING OOCYTE RETRIEVAL - EXPLORING THE ROLE OF DIFFERENT FREQUENCIES OF ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE. HUMAIDAN P, BROCK K, BUNGUM L, STENER-VICTORIN E. reprod biomed online. 2006;13(1):120-5 (eng). Electro-acupuncture has previously proven its analgesic effect in oocyte retrieval for IVF. The aim of the present prospective randomized study was to explore the optimal frequency for analgesia when electro-acupuncture was applied a few minutes prior to oocyte retrieval. A total of 152 patients were prospectively randomized to receive either a combination of high (80 Hz) and low frequency (2 Hz), 3 s each, a so-called mixed frequency, or a fixed frequency of 20 Hz during oocyte retrieval. In addition to electro-acupuncture, both groups had a paracervical block and manual acupuncture. No differences in pain before, during or after oocyte retrieval between the two groups were seen. In the fixed frequency group, however, a higher level of anxiety (P < 0.05) before oocyte retrieval was seen, and a higher level of nausea after aspiration of one ovary (P < 0.01) was seen in the mixed frequency group. No differences were seen regarding clinical outcome parameters. Contrary to previous reports on acute and chronic pain, the analgesic effect of the mixed frequency and the fixed frequency was similar when used 511- gera: 148372/di/ra THE EFFECT OF LOW VERSUS HIGH FREQUENCY ELECTRICAL ACUPOINT STIMULATION ON MOTOR RECOVERY AFTER ISCHEMIC STROKE BY MOTOR EVOKED POTENTIALS STUDY. KIM YS, HONG JW, NA BJ, PARK SU, JUNG WS, MOON SK, PARK JM, KO CN, CHO KH, BAE HS. the american journal of chinese medicine. 2006;36(1):45 (eng). Electrical acupoint stimulation (EAS) has been used to treat motor dysfunction of stroke patients with reportedly effective results. When we operate EAS treatment, we can modulate the intensity and frequency of stimulation. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of different frequencies in treating motor dysfunction of ischemic stroke patients with EAS. The subjects of this study were 62 ischemic stroke patients with motor dysfunction in Kyunghee oriental medical center. They have been hospitalized after 1 week to 1 month from onset. They were treated with 2 Hz or 120 Hz EAS for 2 weeks, and had motor evoked potentials (MEPs) tests before and after 2 weeks of EAS treatment. We measured latency, central motor conduction time (CMCT) and amplitude of MEPs. After 2 weeks of treatment, we compared MEPs data of the affected side between the 2 Hz group and the 120 Hz group. The 2 Hz group showed more significant improvement than the 120 Hz group in latency, CMCT and amplitude (p = 0.008, 0.002, 0.002). In the case of the affected side MEPs data divided by normal side MEPs data, the 2 Hz group also showed higher improvement rate than the 120 Hz group in latency, CMCT and amplitude with significant differences (p = 0.003, 0.000, 0.008). These results suggest that low frequency EAS activates the central motor conduction system better than high frequency EAS, and EAS with low frequency could be more helpful for motor recovery after ischemic stroke than that with high frequency. 512- gera: 141115/di/re THE DIFFERENCE IN MRNA EXPRESSIONS OF HYPOTHALAMIC CCK AND CCK-A AND -B RECEPTORS BETWEEN RESPONDER AND NON-RESPONDER RATS TO HIGH FREQUENCY ELECTROACUPUNCTURE ANALGESIA. KO ES, KIM SK, KIM JT, LEE G, HAN JB, RHO SW, HONG MC, BAE H, MIN BI. peptides. 2006;Feb 9: (eng). The present study was performed to determine whether the expression levels of the hypothalamic cholecystokinin (CCK) and its receptors are associated with the responsiveness to high frequency electroacupuncture (EA) analgesia in rats. EA

stimulation (100Hz, 0.5ms pulse width, 0.2-0.3mA) was delivered to the Zusanli (ST36) acupoint of male Sprague-Dawley rats for 20min without anesthetics or holder restraint. The analgesic effect of EA was quantified using a tail flick latency test, and subsequently animals were allocated to responder or non-responder groups. The hypothalamus of rats in each group was dissected and RNA was purified. The mRNA expressions of CCK, and CCK-A and -B receptor were determined by real-time RT-PCR. CCK mRNA levels were not significantly different in the two groups, whereas both CCK-A and -B receptors were significantly more expressed in non- responders. These results suggest that the level of CCK receptor mRNA expression in the hypothalamus, rather than CCK mRNA, has an important relationship with the individual variations to high frequency EA analgesia in rats. 513- gera: 135918/di/ra [EFFECT OF ELECTROACUPUNCTURE WITH DIFFERENT STIMULATION DURATION IN COMBINATION FOR DIFFERENT TIME ON UTERINE CONTRACTILITY IN LATE-STAGE PREGNANT RATS]. MA LIANG-XIAO, ZHU JIANG, ZHANG LU-FEN. acupuncture research. 2006;31(4):223 (chi*). Objective: To study the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) at "Hegu" (LI 4) with different stimulation duration in combination with needle retention in "Sanyinjiao"(SP 6) for different duration on uterine contraction in late-stage pregnant rats. Methods: A total of 50 late-stage pregnant (19th day after pregnancy) Wistar rats were randomized into control group, LI 4-EA-20 min+ SP 6-needling (N)-5 min (i. e. , EA stimulation of LI 4 for 20 min first and then SP 6 was punctured with the needle re-tained for 5 min without electrical stimulation, similar expression in the following groups), LI 4-EA-20 nnin+ SP 6-N-20 min, LI 4-EA-40 min+ SP 6-N-5 min, LI 4-EA-40 min+ SP 6-N-20 min groups with 10 cases in each group according to the requirements of 2x2 factoriel experiment design. In addition, other 10 non-pregnancy Wistar rats were used as normal control group. EA (20 Hz, 1-3.5 V) was applied to LI 4 for 20/40 min in the abovementioned 4 EA groups respectively. A muscular tension transducer was fixed to the mid-segment of the uterus for detecting the amplitude, frequency and contractility (amplitude X frequency) of the uter-ine contraction. Results: In comparison with normal control group, the amplitude, frequency, and contractility of the uterine con-traction in control group increased significantly ( P< 0.05). Comparison between factor A (LI 4: EA-20/40 min) and factor B (SP 6: needle kept in place for 5/20 min) among the 4 EA groups showed that 5-10 min and 15— 20 min after removal of the needle, both factor A and factor B had no significant influence on the amplitude of the uterine contraction; factor B could significant raise the frequency and contractility of the uterus contraction (P<0.05, 0.01); and the effects of SP 6-N-5 min in increasing the fre-quency and contractility were markedly superior to those of SP 6-N-20 min (P<0.05, 0.01); while factor A had no marked influ-ence on the frequency and contractility of the uterus. Comparison of the 4 EA groups showed that 5-10 min after removal of the acupuncture needle, the amplitude of the uterine contraction in LI 4-EA-20 min+ SP 6-N-5 min group was markedly higher than that of LI 4-EA-20 min+ SP 6-N-20 min group; 5 min after needling SP 6 and 5-10 min after removal of needle, the frequency of uter-ine contraction in LI 4-EA-40 min+ SP 6-N-5 min group was significantly higher than that of LI 4-EA-40 min+ SP 6-N-20 min group ( P <0.05) . Conclusion: EA of LI 4 plus needling SP 6 can prcrnote the uterine contraction activity in pregnancy rats, and the best combination is EA LI 4 514- gera: 126096/di/ra EFFECTS OF ELECTROACUPUNCTURE WITH DIFFERENT FREQUENCIES ON THE GLYCOCONJUGATE ALTERATIONS IN ARTICULAR CARTILAGE IN THE ANKLE JOINTS OF COMPLETE FREUND'S ADJUVANT- INJECTED RATS. PARK IB, AHN CB, CHOI BT. american journal of chinese medicine. 2006;34(3):417-26. (eng). The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) on the glycoconjugate (GC) changes in articular cartilage in the ankle of an arthritic model. Arthritis was induced by an intraplantar injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) into the hindpaw of male Sprague-Dawley rats.

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42 Bilateral EA stimulation at 2 Hz, 15 Hz and 120 Hz was applied at those acupoints corresponding to Zusanli and Sanyinjiao in man, using needles for 3-day intervals for 30 days. To determine the presence of arthritis, paw edema was measured by a water displacement plethysmometer. Edema of the hindpaw induced by CFA-injection was strongly inhibited by EA stimulation throughout the experimental period. At 30 days after CFA-injection, GC changes of articular cartilage of the ankle joint were observed using conventional and lectin histochemistry. The CFA-injected rat revealed general reduction of staining abilities and lectin affinities for GC in comparison with normal rats. Significant reductions of neutral and acidic GC were observed in interterritorial matrix and chondrocyte capsules, respectively. All lectin affinities examined except DBA were also decreased in CFA-injected rats compared to normal ones. However, EA-treated rats, showed similar staining patterns and lectin affinities for GC as to normal ones, especially neutral GC in interterritorial matrix and sWGA and RCA-1 affinities in chondrocytes. It is concluded that EA in all frequencies examined, especially 2 Hz, can attenuate inflammatory edema in CFA-injected rats through alleviation of alterations of GC components in articular cartilage. 515- gera: 144540/di/re LOW-FREQUENCY ELECTROACUPUNCTURE SUPPRESSES ZYMOSAN-INDUCED PERIPHERAL INFLAMMATION VIA ACTIVATION OF SYMPATHETIC POST-GANGLIONIC NEURONS. KIM HW, KANG SY, YOON SY, ROH DH, KWON YB, HAN HJ, LEE HJ, BEITZ AJ, LEE JH. brain res. 2007;feb 24:x (eng). Electroacupuncture (EA) is used to treat a variety of inflammatory diseases; however, the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying EA's anti-inflammatory effect remain unclear. Accumulating evidence suggests that the sympathetic nervous system regulates immunologic and inflammatory responses and thus we hypothesized that this system could be involved in EA's anti-inflammatory effect (EA-AI). The goal of the present study was to evaluate whether the sympathetic nervous system plays a critical role in EA-AI using a mouse air pouch inflammation model. We found that bilateral low-frequency (1 Hz) EA applied to the Zusanli acupoint significantly suppressed the number of zymosan-induced leukocytes migrating into the air pouch. Furthermore, double-labeling immunohistochemical experiments showed that EA stimulation increased Fos expression in choline acetyltransferase (ChAT)-positive sympathetic pre-ganglionic neurons in the intermediolateral region of thoracic spinal cord segments. Chemical sympathetic denervation by intraperitoneal injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (which spares sympathetic adrenal medullary innervation) significantly inhibited EA-AI. In contrast, adrenalectomy did not alter EA-AI. Finally, systemic propranolol administration significantly inhibited EA's anti-inflammatory effect, suggesting that beta-adrenoceptors are involved. Collectively, these results suggest that EA produces an anti- inflammatory effect in this mouse air pouch model by activating the sympathetic nervous system leading to the release of catecholamines from post-ganglionic nerve terminals, which act on beta-adrenoceptors on immune cells 516- gera: 147570/di/ra ELECTROACUPUNCTURE A PRACTICAL MANUAL AND RESOURCE MAYOR DF. journal of the japan society of acupuncture and moxibustion. 2007;57(5):658 (jap). 517- gera: 143890/di/ra THE EFFICACY OF FREQUENCY-SPECIFIC ACUPUNCTURE STIMULATION ON EXTRACELLULAR DOPAMINE CONCENTRATION IN STRIATUM-A RAT MODEL STUDY. SHEN EY, LAI YJ. neurosci lett. 2007;x:x (eng). Acupuncture is a practice that has existed in Chinese society for thousands of years. Today, it is gaining greater acceptance and integration into medical practices of the western world. Its mechanism, however, remains elusive. Our study shows that only specific stimulation frequencies at specific acupoints will induce dopamine release in the corpus striatum, as

demonstrated by in vivo microdialysis performed on Sprague-Dawley rats. In the first trial, electroacupuncture (EA) stimulation at 15Hz and 15mA was conducted at six different points on the upper limbs of the experimental rats. These points mimic acupoints along six different meridians in the human body. Only Point 2 (corresponding to Pericardium 7) induced a response. In the second trial, EA stimulation at varying frequencies of 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27 and 30Hz, and 15mA were conducted through Point 2. Stimulation at 6 and 15Hz induced an immediate response; 21Hz induced a response only after the ceasing of stimulation. All other frequencies failed to induce a response. The data point to the importance of frequency-specific stimulation at specific acupoints for the release of neurotransmitters in the brain. We speculate that each meridian entails a stimulus of a specific frequency and intensity, which induces the release of its associated neurotransmitters or cytokines. This is a concept with far-reaching clinical implications for acupuncture therapy, including the treatment of dopamine-related disorders. 518- gera: 150879/di/ra A COMPARISON OF EFFECTS ON REGIONAL PRESSURE PAIN THRESHOLD PRODUCED BY DEEP NEEDLING OF LI4 AND LI11, INDIVIDUALLY AND IN COMBINATION LI W, D COBBIN, C ZASLAWSKI. complementary medical research. 2008;16(5):278 (eng). Objectives: To compare the effects of unilateral and bilateral needling of the same acupoint, and the effects of individual and combined needling of two distinct acupoints on pressure pain threshold (PPT).Design: 22 subjects completed the randomised, dual blind (subject and evaluator) repeated measures study. PPT was measured before and after each intervention at ten sites (acupoints and nonacupoints) across the body with an algometer.Interventions: The same manual acupuncture techniques were applied to four interventions of large intestine 4 (LI4) unilaterally; LI4 bilaterally; large intestine 11 (LI 11) unilaterally; and LI4 in conjunction with LI11, both unilaterally.Main outcome measures: (1) Percentage change in PPT from preintervention baseline measured at the 10 regional sites following every intervention; (2) participants' perceptions of pain; needling sensations; tension during, and anxiety prior to, each intervention; and changes in practitioner behaviour.Results: Following all four interventions, statistically significant increases in mean PPT were observed. These occurred at nine sites following the LI4 intervention either unilaterally or bilaterally; at six sites for LI11 intervention; and at five sites following the combined LI11 and LI4 intervention. These increases were significantly greater for the bilateral LI4 intervention than the unilateral LI4 intervention at only two sites (p < 0.02 and p< 0.0001). There were no statistically significant differences in the subjective perceptions among the four interventions. Conclusion: The enhanced effects on PPT by the bilateral compared with the unilateral intervention at LI4 although limited, do provide some support for the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) assumption that bilateral needling of the same point enhances the treatment effect. There was no support for the assumption that combined needling of points from the same channel should enhance the treatment effect and failure to obtain better effects by combined needling of points from the same channel could result from the interaction occurring during the combined 519- gera: 151017/di/re REPEATED ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE ATTENUATES CHRONIC VISCERAL HYPERSENSITIVITY AND SPINAL CORD NMDA RECEPTOR PHOSPHORYLATION IN A RAT IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME MODEL. TIAN SL, WANG XY, DING GH. life sci. 2008;83(9-10):356-63 (eng). Acupuncture has been used in clinical trials for the treatment of abdominal pain in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). However, scientific evidence is still lacking and the underlying mechanism remains largely unexplored. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of repeated administration of electro-acupuncture (EA) on chronic visceral hypersensitivity and on the phosphorylation of spinal cord N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors in a rat model of IBS. The results showed that repeated administration of EA at bilateral points of Zu- san-li (ST-36) and Shang-ju-xu (ST-37) significantly attenuated chronic visceral hypersensitivity

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43 induced in young adult rats by neonatal colon irritation. Such an effect was not seen in either of the two controls: sham-EA at ST-36 and ST-37 without electrical stimulation and EA at control points (BL-62 and tail). Furthermore, rats with chronic visceral hypersensitivity exhibited high-level expression of phosphorylated NMDA receptor subunit 1 (pNR1) in the spinal cord (L4-L5 segments), which was markedly attenuated by EA

treatment. In addition, EA at ST-36 and ST- 37 neither altered the pain threshold of normal rats nor affected the expression of pNR1 in the lumbosacral spinal cord. Altogether, these data indicate that the EA-mediated attenuation of chronic visceral hypersensitivity is correlated with the down-regulation of NMDA receptors phosphorylation at the spinal level.

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44

index des auteurs ADAM Y¤ 156 , AKIRA KAWACHI ET AL¤ 289 , 359 , ANDERSSON SA¤ 80 , ANDERSSON SA ET AL¤ 28 , 49 , 86 , 98 , ASHTON H ET AL¤ 217 , AUBE P¤ 276 , BABICH AM¤ 30 , BAKER DW¤ 202 , BALOGUN JA ET AL¤ 425 , BAOGUO WANG ET AL¤ 423 , BARLAS P, TING SL, CHESTERTON LS, JONES PW, SIM J¤ 511 , BECHTLOFF F¤ 339 , BEISCH K ET BLOESS D¤ 93 , BERLANT SR¤ 201 , BIN CHEN, PHD, THOMAS YEE, MD, MEHLIKA AYLA KISER, BINGMEI FU,¤ 503 , BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING SCIENTIFIC PAPERS¤ 301 , BLOM M ET AL¤ 372 , BORRMANN RJ¤ 94 , BOUREAU F ET AL¤ 151 , BOZETTI S¤ 6 , BRANDWEIN A ET AL¤ 67 , BRAUN WP¤ 458 , CAI DAWEI ET AL¤ 139 , CAMPBELL JN ET AL¤ 29 , CANTONI ET AL¤ 63 , CANTONI G ET AL¤ 45 , CAO WEIHONG ET AL¤ 374 , CARLUCCIO A¤ 177 , CASALE R ET AL¤ 188 , 194 , 222 , CASSARD MC¤ 111 , CAZALIS F¤ 8 , CHAN P¤ 43 , CHAN P ET AL¤ 69 , CHAN PC¤ 32 , CHANG W¤ 200 , CHAPMAN CR ET AL¤ 175 , CHEN HK ET AL¤ 180 , CHEN LING¤ 472 , CHEN QIZHI ET AL¤ 138 , CHEN XH ET AL¤ 360 , 362 , CHEN XIAO-HONG ET AL¤ 395 , 398 , CHENG RSS¤ 199 , CHENG RSS ET AL¤ 114 , CHIFUYU TAKESHIGE¤ 316 , CHUNG C¤ 238 , CHUNG C ET AL¤ 116 , CHUNG C ET AL¤ 122 , CHUNG G ET AL¤ 183 , CHUVIN BT ET AL¤ 253 , CINTRAT M¤ 14 , CLEMENTINI L¤ 416 , COBOS R¤ 333 , COX PD ET AL¤ 366 , CRACIUN T ET AL¤ 90 , 123 , CRAMP AFL ET AL¤ 448 , CUMMINGS M¤ 466 , 481 , DARRAS JC¤ 173 , DAVIS P¤ 401 ,

DE LIEFDE J¤ 443 , DE SMUL A¤ 392 , DEHEN H ET AL¤ 112 , DENG ZI¤ 441 , DEVUN B¤ 197 , DOLGIKH VG ET AL¤ 298 , DONG HONGWEI ET AL¤ 407 , EFIMOV AS ET AL¤ 373 , ERIKSSON MBE ET AL¤ 113 , ERNST M¤ 286 , FAN JUNMIN ET AL¤ 447 , FAN SG ET AL¤ 284 , FANG JQ, ZHANG Y, XUAN LH, LIU KZ, CHEN L¤ 508 , FEI H ET AL¤ 273 , 283 , FEI HONG ET AL¤ 258 , 285 , FENG XUCHUN ET AL¤ 170 , FISCHER MV¤ 119 , FLOTER T¤ 239 , FRANCHIMONT P ET AL¤ 162 , FRATKIN J¤ 204 , 295 , FRAZEE JS¤ 47 , FU Y , LIANG FR , TAO QL¤ 504 , GAPONIUK PIA ET AL¤ 265 , GAPONIUK PIA ET ALDUBOVSKAIA LA ET AL¤ 299 , GATTO ROBERTO M¤ 254 , GHALY RG ET AL¤ 268 , GRUBE TH¤ 467 , 469 , GU CHENYI, HU JUN, CAI YUNBIAO¤ 488 , GU YIHUANG, LI SHOUDONG, JIN HONGZHU¤ 459 , GU Z¤ 383 , GU ZUQIAN¤ 192 , GUILMART J¤ 87 , GUNN CC¤ 95 , GUO HF¤ 417 , HAGEN C¤ 185 , HAN ET AL¤ 431 , HAN JISHENG¤ 404 , HAN JISHENG ET AL¤ 338 , 357 , HAN JI-SHENG ET AL¤ 277 , 396 , HAN JS ET AL¤ 337 , 345 , 384 , 403 , HANNON RL¤ 514 , HE CHENGMIN ET AL¤ 328 , HELLING R¤ 322 , HEN S ET AL¤ 418 , HERGET ET AL¤ 39 , HIROHISA ODA ET AL¤ 271 , HOBBS B¤ 397 , HOLMGREN E¤ 62 , HOMBURG G¤ 444 , HOYOS A¤ 1 , HOYOS ANDRES¤ 2 , HU RUYUN ET AL¤ 371 , HUANG CHENG ET AL¤ 451 , HUANG XIAO-QIN ET AL¤ 473 , HUANG YE ET AL¤ 245 , HUMAIDAN P, BROCK K, BUNGUM L, STENER-VICTORIN E¤ 510 , HWANG YC¤ 302 , HYODO M¤ 125 , HYODO M ET AL¤ 380 , ISHIKO N ET AL¤ 99 , 109 , ISHIMARU K ET AL¤ 381 , 413 ,

gera 2009

45 JACOBS HB¤ 164 , JAUNG-GENG LIN ET AL¤ 388 , JIA BINGJUN ET AL¤ 176 , JIA HONGHAI ET AL¤ 275 , JIN ZHEN ET AL¤ 460 , JING CHENGCHUAN¤ 361 , JOVANOCIC-IGNJATIC Z ET AL¤ 439 , JOVANOVIC-IGNJATIC Z ET AL¤ 445 , JOWER GW¤ 165 , JS HAN ET AL¤ 261 , JUNGCK D¤ 300 , 410 , KAHM J¤ 58 , KAJDOS V¤ 157 , KAKUZAKI K ET AL¤ 382 , KALWEILT K¤ 78 , KALWEIT U¤ 50 , KALYUZHUNYL LV ET AL¤ 347 , KAMPIK G¤ 71 , KASLOW AL¤ 48 , KATIMS JJ ET AL¤ 234 , KAWACHI A ET AL¤ 390 , KAWAMOTO H¤ 166 , KEIZO OTA¤ 108 , KENYON JN¤ 186 , 191 , KHOUVESSERIAN ET AL¤ 12 , KHRAMOV RN¤ 348 , KIM HW, KANG SY, YOON SY, ROH DH, KWON YB, HAN

J, LEE HJ, BEITZ 516 , H KIM YS, HONG JW, NA BJ, PARK SU, JUNG WS, MOON SK, PARK JM, KO CN, 507 , KIOI VI ET AL¤ 400 , KIRILOV JM ET AL¤ 399 , KITSINGER H¤ 203 , KO ES, KIM SK, KIM JT, LEE G, HAN JB, RHO SW, HONG MC, BAE H, MIN BI¤ 512 , KOLLMER EP¤ 13 , KRAMER F¤ 144 , 160 , 236 , 246 , 309 , 356 , KRASSNIGG R¤ 468 , 470 , KUANG PG¤ 131 , KUME Y¤ 143 , KUME Y ET AL¤ 149 , 172 , KUNZO NAGAYAMA ET AL¤ 41 , LAITINEN J¤ 74 , LAN DATIAN ET AL¤ 308 , LANZA ET AL¤ 17 , LANZA U¤ 15 , 16 , 18 , LANZA U¤ 22 , LANZAU ET AL¤ 19 , LEANDRI M¤ 121 , LEE JH ET AL¤ 389 , LEONHARDT H¤ 3 , 65 , 77 , 79 , 128 , 167 , 182 , 242 , LEVCHENKO AY¤ 341 , LI GOUAN ET AL¤ 267 , LI HUILIN ET AL¤ 237 , LI LIQING ET AL¤ 354 , LI QING-WEN, YISIDATOULAWO, GUO YI, ET AL¤ 506 , LI QW, GUO Y, ET AL¤ 496 , LI SUJE ET AL¤ 317 , LI W, D COBBIN, C ZASLAWSKI¤ 518 , LI XIATI ET AL¤ 305 , LIANG XUNCHANG ET AL¤ 314 , LIAONING COOPERATIVE GROUP OF ACUPU *¤ 129 , LIN C ET AL¤ 349 , LIU CHANGNING ET AL¤ 391 ,

LIU CHAOWU¤ 209 , LIU HONGXIANG ET AL¤ 422 , 452 , LIU Y ET AL¤ 436 , LIU YANSHOU¤ 424 , LIXING LAO RUI-XIN ET AL¤ 492 , LOSCO M¤ 318 , LOWENSCHUSS O¤ 53 , LU SHINAN¤ 210 , LUNDEBERG T ET AL¤ 288 , 336 , LYTLE CD ET AL¤ 455 , MA LIANG-XIAO, ZHU JIANG, ZHANG LU-FEN¤ 513 , MADILL P¤ 118 , MAKLETSOV BV ET AL¤ 132 , MALIN D ET AL¤ 296 , MANNHEIMER JS ET LAMPE GN¤ 205 , MAO W ET AL¤ 146 , MARSCHNER G¤ 152 , 159 , MARTELETE M ET AL¤ 235 , MARY M¤ 85 , MASAMICHI HIMOTO ET AL¤ 24 , MASAYOSHI HYODO¤ 61 , 189 , MATSUMOTO T ET AL¤ 35 , MATTESON JM¤ 224 , MAYOR DF¤ 517 , MC DONALD AJ¤ 377 , MC WILLIAMS C¤ 378 , MEI LIN ET AL¤ 355 , MERRITT A ET AL¤ 476 , MIKE CUMMINGS¤ 475 , MO MS ET AL¤ 442 , MORI K ET AL¤ 386 , MORIKAWA K ET AL¤ 368 , NAGAYAM K ET AL¤ 23 , NAGAYAMA K ET AL¤ 38 , NAKAMURA T ET AL¤ 370 , NAKATANI Y¤ 220 , NAKATANI YOSHIO¤ 20 , NAKATANI,ET YAMASHITA¤ 241 , NAKAZONO TAKESHI ET AL¤ 83 , NG EK¤ 262 , NGUYEN J¤ 465 , 497 , 498 , 499 , NIBOYET JEH¤ 31 , NISTERUK CJ¤ 91 , NOTO K ET AL¤ 233 , ODA H¤ 385 , OMURA Y¤ 52 , 68 , 158 , 184 , 187 , 221 , 269 , ONO M¤ 179 , PAI TINGFU ET AL¤ 134 , PAN BIN, YANG DONG-WEI, HAN TAI-ZHEN¤ 493 , PARK H ET AL¤ 478 , PARK IB, AHN CB, CHOI BT¤ 509 , PEI TINGFU ET AL¤ 193 , PENG CAOYUN¤ 505 , PETER ABELS FRIEDRICH CH HORN¤ 240 , PETREQUIN¤ 7 , PFLAUM H¤ 282 , PINSKER MC¤ 440 , PONTIGNY¤ 46 , PONTIGNY J¤ 70 , 76 , POPOV V¤ 353 , PORTNOV F¤ 294 , POTHMAN R¤ 219 , POTHMANN R¤ 346 ,

gera 2009

46 POWELL AJ¤ 163 , PU CHAOGANG¤ 335 , QIN DAYI ET AL¤ 225 , RAKOVIE DEJAN ET AL¤ 426 , REICHMANIS M ET AL¤ 89 , RENATO DE LUCA ET AL¤ 21 , RESEARCH CROUP OF ACUPUNCTURE ANAES *¤ 142 , RESTELLI A¤ 9 , RICHARD C NIEMTZOW ET AL¤ 479 , RICO CR ET AL¤ 169 , ROMITA VV ET AL¤ 420 , ROSENBERG RP¤ 64 , ROSSMANN H¤ 290 , 292 , RUF I¤ 252 , SAE IL CHUN ET AL¤ 34 , SANCHEZ JUAREZ A ET AL¤ 255 , 379 , SANO S¤ 42 , SARLANDIERES¤ 27 , SAWA T¤ 60 , SAWA T ET AL¤ 72 , 73 , SCHIER M¤ 376 , SCHIMEK F ET AL¤ 174 , 190 , SCHULDT H¤ 147 , SCHVALLINGER C¤ 249 , SHANGHAI ACUPUNCTURE ANESTHESIA *¤ 44 , SHAPIRO R ET AL¤ 272 , SHEN EY, LAI YJ¤ 515 , SHER L¤ 419 , SHI MINSHENG ET AL¤ 148 , 248 , SHINOHARA S ET AL¤ 243 , SHYU BC ET AL¤ 211 , SIN YM¤ 244 , SIT'KO SERGEY¤ 270 , SIVAKOV A¤ 387 , SJOLUND BH ET AL¤ 115 , SJOLUND H¤ 120 , SOLOV'ES IE ET AL¤ 358 , STARWYNN D¤ 484 , STENER-VICTORIN E, KOBAYASHI R, KUROSAWA M¤ 482 , STERESCU LE¤ 82 , STRITTMATTER B¤ 340 , SU SHUYI ET AL¤ 196 , SUN LIJUAN¤ 480 , 483 , SUN LI-JUAN¤ 450 , SUSSMAN D¤ 56 , SUSSMAN DJ¤ 36 , 55 , SZOPINSKI J ET AL¤ 303 , TAKATSUKA E¤ 59 , TAKATSUKA E ET AL¤ 37 , TAKESHI S ET AL¤ 40 , TANEOMI YOSHIDA ET AL¤ 51 , TANG JINGSHI¤ 264 , TANG XIANLIN ET AL¤ 274 , TANY M¤ 81 , TAWA MUNENORE , KITAKOJI HIROSHIU, YANO TADASHI', SAKAI 502 , TAYLOR D ET AL¤ 351 , TAYLOR DN¤ 411 , TEKEOGLU I¤ 412 , TEPPONE M ET AL¤ 364 , THIERION A¤ 365 , THOMA H¤ 75 ,

THOMAS M ET AL¤ 405 , THOMSON J¤ 251 , THORSTEINSSON G ET AL¤ 96 , TIAN D, LI X, SHI Y, LIU Y, HAN J¤ 489 , TIAN J B ET AL¤ 435 , TIAN JIN-BIN ET AL¤ 429 , TIAN SL, WANG XY, DING GH¤ 519 , TIZARD MH¤ 231 , TODA K ET AL¤ 136 , TOSHIKATSU KITADE ET AL¤ 393 , TSEUNG YK ET AL¤ 126 , TYMOSVKY JC ET AL¤ 26 , TZER-BIN LIN ET AL¤ 427 , ULETT GA ET AL¤ 433 , UMINO M ET AL¤ 415 , UMLAUF R¤ 343 , VAGIN IUE, ET AL¤ 229 , VAN DE MOLEN C¤ 287 , VAZQUEZ J ET AL¤ 414 , VIBES J¤ 195 , VITIELLO A¤ 88 , VOLL R¤ 4 , 5 , 57 , VOLL R¤ 66 , 92 , 97 , 100 , 102 , 103 , 104 , 105 , 106 , 107 , 110 , 124 , 127 , 135 , 155 , 161 , 168 , 198 , 216 , 280 , 281 , 304 , VOLL R ET AL¤ 324 , WAN Y ET AL¤ 462 , WANG BEENSHIAAN¤ 153 , WANG BENXIAN¤ 291 , WANG CHENGPEI ET AL¤ 145 , WANG DANZHU¤ 130 , WANG HONGBEI ET AL¤ 438 , WANG HONGPEI ET AL¤ 428 , WANG JIA-CONG ET AL¤ 453 , WANG KUAN ET AL¤ 212 , WANG MEISHENG¤ 218 , WANG XIAOMIN ET AL¤ 313 , WANG YOUJING ET AL¤ 207 , 226 , 369 , WANG ZHIYU ET AL¤ 140 , 141 , WERNER F¤ 117 , WERNER F ET VOLL R¤ 297 , WILLER J C ET AL¤ 171 , WING TW¤ 84 , WOO-YOUNG JANG ET AL¤ 471 , 474 , WU DING¤ 437 , WU LIU-ZHEN ET AL¤ 461 , WU YUANPEI¤ 228 , X¤ 10 , 11 , 25 , 33 , 54 , 150 , 232 , 279 , 307 , 319 , 320 , 321 , 323 , 326 , 327 , 329 , 330 , 332 , 334 , 350 , 352 , 408 , 409 , 446 , 485 , 486 , XIANG LIHUA ET AL¤ 421 , XIAO MANXUE¤ 406 , XIAO-HONG CHEN ET AL¤ 434 , XIAOMIN W ET AL¤ 293 , XIE GUO-XI ET AL¤ 259 , XING JIANGHUAI ET AL¤ 394 , XIONG KEREN ET AL¤ 464 , XN WEI ET AL¤ 257 , XU SHUIQUAN ET AL¤ 208 , XU WEI ET AL¤ 342 , YANG JING, XIONG LI-ZE, WANG QIANG, ET AL¤ 490 , YANG PEIBANG ET AL¤ 206 , YAO SHITONG ET AL¤ 178 , YOSHIAKI OMURA¤ 310 ,

gera 2009

47 YOSHIDA T ET AL¤ 101 , YOUNG-BAE KWON ET AL¤ 456 , YOUNG-BAE-KWON ET AL¤ 454 , YU WEIHAO ET AL¤ 363 , YU Y ¤ 367 , YU YONGBEI ET AL¤ 344 , YU YUNGUO ET AL¤ 449 , YUDIN VA ET AL¤ 325 , ZHANG ANZHONG ET AL¤ 133 , 247 , ZHANG BINGRAN ET AL¤ 430 , ZHANG LANYING ET AL¤ 402 , ZHANG LUFEN ET AL¤ 457 , ZHANG MIN ET AL¤ 230 , ZHANG MIN, ET AL¤ 260 , ZHANG R¤ 331 , ZHANG RENHUI¤ 315 , ZHANG YOU-MEI, HU LING, TANG CHUN-ZHI, ET AL¤ 487 , ZHANG ZHEYUAN¤ 215 , ZHANGNG LINGSHAN ET AL¤ 312 , ZHANGNG LONGSHAN ET AL¤ 306 , ZHAO BANGLIAN ET AL¤ 266 , ZHAO FEIYU ET AL¤ 263 , ZHAO FEIYUE ET AL¤ 311 , ZHAO TAIYIN ET AL¤ 154 , ZHAO YUWEN¤ 278 , ZHEN QIZHI ET AL¤ 256 , ZHENG QIWEI¤ 432 , ZHENG ZHAOJIAN¤ 491 , ZHOU GZ ET AL¤ 250 , ZHOU JFJIN R ¤ 495 , ZHOU JIEFANG , ET AL ¤ 494 , ZHOU JIE-FANG, JIN RUI¤ 500 , 501 , ZHOU QING-HUI ET AL¤ 463 , ZHOU Y ET AL¤ 375 , ZHOU ZHENGFU ET AL¤ 214 , ZHU JIANG, ZHANG JUN, ZHANG LUFEN ET AL¤ 477 , ZHU LONGYU¤ 223 , ZHU LONGYU ET AL¤ 137 , 181 , ZHU LONGYU ET AL¤ 213 , ZOLNIKOW SM ET AL¤ 227 ,

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48

index des sujets/ subject index (non exhaustif) -¤ / ¤ 3 , 3 , 3 , 39 , 77 , 77 , 77 , 127 , 127 , 218 , 240 , 240 , 240 , 309 , 309 , 317 , 338 , 356 , 356 , 417 , 429 ,

29 , 435 , 435 , 435 , 437 , 4 1,01 -¤ GENERAL ASPECTS AND HISTORY/ ASPECTS GENERAUX ET HISTOIRE congrès¤ 33 , législation¤ 164 , musique¤ 390 , 412 , 1,02 -¤ history/ histoire *¤ 6 , 7 , 8 ,

2,03 -¤ qi, blood, body fluids/ energie, sang et liquides organiques énergie wei¤ 394 , 2,04 -¤ organs and functions/ organes et fonctions embryologie¤ 24 , 2,05 -¤ meridians/ méridiens sensation propagée le long des méridiens¤ 170 , 2,06 -¤ points/ points *¤ 223 , 232 , ashi¤ 335 , E32¤ 420 , E36¤ 196 , 237 , 314 , 343 , 354 , 375 , 384 , 395 , 420 , 472 , E6¤ 210 , 218 , E7¤ 210 , 218 , E8¤ 218 , GI11¤ 237 , GI4¤ 99 , 99 , 170 , 170 , GI4¤ 192 , 192 , 209 , 209 , 423 , 423 , 427 , 427 , 464 , 464 , MC6¤ 237 , 268 , 344 , 363 , 472 , point moteur¤ 53 , propriétés électriques¤ 90 , RTE1¤ 267 , RTE6¤ 237 , 267 , 354 , 375 , 384 , 395 , spécificité¤ 237 , 263 , 314 , 408 , 472 , 515 , V20¤ 472 , V21¤ 476 , V40¤ 228 , V48¤ 314 , V57¤ 344 , 363 , VB30¤ 257 , 314 , 343 , VB31¤ 420 , VB34¤ 257 , 374 , 391 , VG14¤ 437 , VG6¤ 437 , 4,02 -¤ tongue diagnosis/ glossoscopie histologie¤ 166 , 329 , 409 , salive¤ 372 , 4,05 -¤ point diagnosis/ examen des points somatiques *¤ 90 , 153 , electroacupuncture selon voll¤ 57 , 71 , 118 , 135 , 147 , 153 , 177 , 202 , 231 , 443 , 444 ,

4,07 -¤ syndromes/ syndromes differenciation des syndromes¤ 447 , plénitude¤ 81 , 495 , vide¤ 81 , 495 , vide de yang¤ 354 , vide de yin¤ 354 , 4,09 -¤ meridian diagnosis/ méridiens *¤ 81 , 5,01 -¤ THERAPEUTIC TECHNIQUES/ TECHNIQUES THERAPEUTIQUES ryodoraku¤ 163 , 179 , 5,03 -¤ acupuncture/ acupuncture *¤ 19 , 24 , 37 , 268 , acupuncture des troncs nerveux¤ 54 , 139 , 176 , 223 , 228 , aiguille¤ 37 , 59 , 327 , choix des points¤ 44 , 192 , 361 , 432 , deqi¤ 386 , deqi¤ 478 , latéralité¤ 129 , 209 , profondeur de puncture¤ 314 , 372 , puncture immédiate¤ 130 , séance d'acupuncture¤ 86 , 218 , 239 , 274 , 422 , 452 ,

61 , 4 5,09 -¤ moxibustion/ moxibustion *¤ 24 , 393 ,

5,10 -¤ ear acupuncture. auricular medicine/ auriculopuncture. auriculomédecine *¤ 34 , 47 , 111 , 244 , 249 , 296 , 347 , 5,11 -¤ nose, face, eye, hand and foot acupuncture/ rhinofacio, manopodo, craniopuncture *¤ 47 , 165 , craniopuncture¤ 47 , 371 , podopuncture¤ 165 , 5,12 -¤ electro-acupuncture/ electro-acupuncture *¤ 28 , *¤ 29 , 31 , 34 , 35 , 42 , 50 , 74 , 78 , 80 , 85 , 86 , 89 , 98 , 99 , 112 , 113 , 114 , 115 , 123 , 130 , 131 , 133 , 134 , 136 , 151 , 154 , 156 , 171 , 174 , 176 , 181 , 188 , 190 , 192 , 193 , 194 , 196 , 197 , 207 , 208 , *¤ 209 , 210 , 213 , 214 , 215 , 217 , 218 , 225 , 226 , 227 , 228 , 230 , 234 , 235 , 237 , 244 , 245 , 247 , 250 , 256 , 257 , 258 , 259 , 260 , 261 , 263 , 267 , 268 , 271 , 273 , 274 , 275 , 277 , 283 , 285 , 288 , 296 , 305 , 310 , 313 , *¤ 314 , 317 , 322 , 328 , 333 , 335 , 337 , 338 , 342 , 343 , 344 , 345 , 347 , 352 , 355 , 361 , 362 , 363 , 367 , 369 , 371 , 372 , 374 , 381 , 382 , 384 , 388 , 390 , 396 , 405 , 406 , 408 , 413 , 418 , 420 , 423 , 427 , 429 , 431 , 434 , *¤ 435 , 436 , 438 , 453 , 456 , 461 , 463 , 489 , 495 , 498 , 500 , appareil de stimulation¤ 26 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 45 , 46 , 64 , 76 , 83 , 88 , 90 , 121 , 132 , 173 , 183 , 204 , 206 , 224 , 272 , 441 , paramètres de l'électroacupuncture¤ 28 , 29 , 31 , 34 , 35 , 38 , 39 , paramètres de l'électroacupuncture¤ 40 , 42 , 44 , 47 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 57 , 60 , 62 , 68 , 69 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 78 , 80 , 81 , 84 , 85 , 86 , 88 , 89 , 94 , 98 , 99 , 101 , 109 , 111 , 112 , 113 , 114 , 115 , 119 ,

gera 2009

49 122 , 123 , 129 , paramètres de l'électroacupuncture¤ 130 , 131 , 133 , 134 , 136 , 137 , 138 , 139 , 140 , 141 , 142 , 143 , 145 , 146 , 148 , 151 , 154 , 156 , 170 , 171 , 174 , 175 , 176 , 181 , 184 , 188 , 190 , 192 , 193 , 194 , 195 , 196 , 197 , 201 , 207 , 208 , 209 , 210 , 211 , 212 , paramètres de l'électroacupuncture¤ 213 , 214 , 215 , 217 , 218 , 221 , 225 , 226 , 227 , 228 , 230 , 234 , 235 , 237 , 239 , 244 , 245 , 247 , 248 , 250 , 256 , 257 , 258 , 259 , 260 , 261 , 262 , 263 , 267 , 268 , 271 , 273 , 274 , 275 , 277 , 283 , 284 , 285 , 286 , 288 , paramètres de l'électroacupuncture¤ 293 , 296 , 303 , 305 , 310 , 311 , 313 , 314 , 315 , 316 , 317 , 318 , 319 , 328 , 331 , 333 , 335 , 336 , 337 , 338 , 342 , 343 , 344 , 345 , 346 , 347 , 351 , 352 , 354 , 355 , 357 , 360 , 361 , 362 , 363 , 366 , 367 , 369 , 371 , 372 , paramètres de l'électroacupuncture¤ 374 , 375 , 381 , 382 , 384 , 388 , 389 , 390 , 391 , 394 , 395 , 396 , 398 , 402 , 403 , 404 , 405 , 406 , 407 , 408 , 412 , 413 , 414 , 415 , 417 , 418 , 420 , 422 , 423 , 425 , 427 , 428 , 429 , 431 , 434 , 435 , 436 , 437 , 438 , 442 , paramètres de l'électroacupuncture¤ 447 , 449 , 450 , 451 , 452 , 453 , 454 , 456 , 457 , 460 , 461 , 462 , 463 , 464 , 465 , 472 , 473 , 476 , 478 , 482 , 487 , 489 , 490 , 492 , 493 , 494 , 495 , 496 , 497 , 498 , 499 , 500 , 501 , 502 , 503 , 504 , 505 , 506 , 507 , 508 , paramètres de l'électroacupuncture¤ 509 , 510 , 511 , 512 , 513 , 515 , 516 , 518 , 519 , ryodoraku¤ 163 , 179 , 5,13 -¤ magnetic acupuncture/ magnétothérapie *¤ 157 , 229 ,

5,14 -¤ laser acupuncture/ laser *¤ 218 , 5,19 -¤ adverse effects/ accidents thérapeutiques *¤ 166 , 455 , 6,01 -¤ algology/ algologie *¤ 109 , 137 , 138 , 140 , 142 , 148 , 149 , 178 , 206 , 224 , 235 , localisation de l'analgesie¤ 86 , 145 , 149 , potentialisation médicamenteuse de l'acupuncture¤ 196 , potentialisation médicamenteuse de l'acupuncture¤ 225 , 342 , 391 , psychisme¤ 80 , seuil de la douleur¤ 62 , 314 , 395 , 434 , seuil de la douleur dentaire¤ 28 , 49 , 80 , 86 , 174 , 175 ,

86 , 347 , 415 , 2 6,02 -¤ acupuncture anesthesia/ analgésie chirurgicale *¤ 25 , 26 , 46 , 101 , 137 , 138 , 140 , 142 , 148 , 206 , 278 , prediction¤ 44 , 130 , 170 , 217 , 262 , premedication¤ 31 , suggestion¤ 28 , 7,05 -¤ hypertension/ hypertension *¤ 351 , 7,10 -¤ acupuncture anesthesia in cardiovascular surgery/ analgésie par acupuncture en chirurgie cardiovasculaire 7,10¤ 39 ,

9,02 -¤ thyroid gland/ thyroïde

*¤ 215 , 331 ,

9,04 -¤ hypoglycemia/ hypoglycémie *¤ 126 ,

9,05 -¤ adrenal glands/ surrénales cortisol¤ 343 , 438 , 10,01 -¤ GASTROENTEROLOGY/ GASTRO-ENTEROLOGIE peristaltisme¤ 472 , 10,02 -¤ hiccup/ hoquet *¤ 450 ,

10,11 -¤ bile ducts/ voies biliaires *¤ 227 ,

10,16 -¤ endoscopy/ endoscopies *¤ 235 , 10,17 -¤ acupuncture anesthesia in digestive system surge/ an ésie par acupuncture en chirurgie digestive alg

148 , *¤ 11,10 -¤ obstetrics/ obstétrique *¤ 197 , postpartum¤ 267 , 267 , 11,11 -¤ acupuncture anesthesia in ob-gyn surgery/ analgésie par acupuncture en chirurgie gynécologique et obstétricale *¤

193 , *¤ 268 ,

14,01 -¤ NEUROLOGY- PSYCHIATRY/ NEUROLOGIE- PSYCHIATRIE spasticite¤ 453 , 14,02 -¤ headache/ céphalées *¤ 346 , 450 , 458 , 14,05 -¤ epilepsy. convulsions/ epilepsie. convulsions *¤ 395 , 14,09 -¤ peripheral nerve diseases/ neuropathies périphériques *¤ 394 , 14,14 -¤ psychiatry/ psychiatrie *¤ 193 , 458 , psychisme¤ 80 , 15,01 -¤ OPHTHALMOLOGY/ OPHTALMOLOGIE *¤ 450 ,

15,04 -¤ retina/ rétine *¤ 126 , 15,06 -¤ cataract/ cataracte *¤ 129 , 15,07 -¤ glaucoma/ glaucome *¤ 126 , 16,02 -¤ ear. hearing loss. tinnitus/ oreille. surdité. acouphènes *¤ 412 ,

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50 16,07 -¤ facial paralysis/ paralysie faciale *¤ 126 , 450 , 16,09 -¤ acupuncture anesthesia in otorhinolaryngologic surgery/ analgésie par acupuncture en chirurgie orl *¤ 145 , amygdalectomie¤ 170 , 18,03 -¤ bi syndromes. joint diseases/ syndromes bi. arthropat ies h *¤ 394 , 18,10 -¤ shoulder/ epaule *¤ 289 , 359 , 390 ,

18,12 -¤ cervical spine. cervicobrachial neuralgia/ rachis cervical. névralgies cervico- brachiales *¤ 212 ,

18,14 -¤ lombar spine/ rachis lombaire *¤ 346 , 19,07 -¤ toothache. acupuncture anesthesia in oral surger/ douleur dentaire. analgésie par acupuncture en chirurugie stomatologique *¤ 28 , 39 , 49 , 62 , 67 , 80 , 86 , 136 , 175 , seuil de la douleur dentaire¤ 28 , 49 , 80 , 86 , 174 , 175 ,

86 , 347 , 415 , 2 20,03 -¤ substance abuse/ toxicomanies *¤ 431 , 21,04 -¤ postoperative care/ réanimation post-opératoire *¤ 134 , 154 , 268 , 22,04 -¤ enuresis. urinary incontinence. urinary retention/ énuresie. incontinence et rétention d'urine retention¤ 154 ,

22,08 -¤ acupuncture anesthesia in urologic surgery/ analgésie par acupuncture en chirurgie urologique *¤ 39 ,

23,09 -¤ preventive medicine. hygiene/ médecine préventiv . hygiène e *¤ 118 , 23,11 -¤ pediatrics/ pédiatrie *¤ 275 , 346 ,

24,01 -¤ VETERINARY MEDICINE/ MEDECINE VETERINAIRE *¤ 35 , 199 , 301 , 302 , 24,03 -¤ horses/ cheval *¤ 476 , 24,07 -¤ / animaux de laboratoire chat¤ 176 , cobaye¤ 436 , 463 , lapin¤ 35 , 145 , 176 , 229 , 250 , 343 , 472 , 494 , rat¤ 196 , rat¤ 234 , 327 , 407 , 418 , 420 , 422 , 427 , 428 , 429 , 434 , 437 , 438 , 449 , 461 , 464 , 487 , 490 , 492 , 493 , 496 , 497 , 498 , 504 , 506 , 509 , 512 , 513 , 515 , 519 , singe¤ 245 , souris¤ 451 , 516 ,

25,01 -¤ MECHANISM OF ACUPUNCTURE. ACUPUNCTURE AND CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM/ MECANISME D'ACTION DE L'ACUPUNCTURE. ACUPUNCTURE ET SYSTEME NERVEUX CENTRAL *¤ 112 , tolérance à l'analgésie¤ 362 , 25,02 -¤ afferent pathways/ voies afférentes *¤ 29 , 176 , 25,03 -¤ spinal cord/ moelle épinière *¤ 263 , reflexe¤ 136 , 171 , 25,04 -¤ brain stem/ tronc cérébral *¤ 237 , locus coeruleus¤ 237 , 25,07 -¤ mesencephalon/ mésencéphale locus coeruleus¤ 237 , periaqueductal gray¤ 434 , substance grise périaqueductale¤ 328 , 25,08 -¤ telencephalon/ télencéphale substance grise périaqueductale¤ 328 , 25,09 -¤ cerebral cortex/ cortex cérébral *¤ 225 , 25,10 -¤ central neurotransmitters/ neuromédiateurs centraux *¤ 115 , 146 , 151 , 234 , 258 , 259 , 293 , 305 , 333 , 337 , 342 , 360 , cholécystokinine¤ 375 , cholécystokinine¤ 395 , 434 , endorphine¤ 114 , 211 , 258 , 261 , 273 , 277 , 283 , 285 , 305 , 328 , 333 , 337 , 338 , 345 , 355 , 360 , 367 , 414 , 428 , gaba¤ 374 , naloxone¤ 115 , 133 , 151 , 171 , 188 , 245 , 247 , 286 , 293 , 296 , 336 , 344 , sérotonine¤ 230 , 260 , substance P¤ 305 , 418 , 25,11 -¤ plasmatic and peripheral factors/ facteurs plasmatiques et périphériques *¤ 146 , 26,03 -¤ plants/ plantes *¤ 218 , 27,01 -¤ methods/ méthodes cas clinique¤ 458 , comparaison de 2 techniques de la MTC¤ 67 , 243 , 250 , 268 , 322 , 372 , 405 , essai clinique non randomisé¤ 74 , 228 , 322 , 363 , 363 , essai contrôlé randomisé¤ 146 , 227 , 235 , 267 , 268 , 336 , 405 , 412 , 423 , 453 , 500 , 508 , 510 , essai ouvert (acupuncture)¤ 154 , étude controlée¤ 235 , étude controlée (acupuncture)¤ 111 , 171 , 235 , 288 , 345 , 351 , 372 , 415 , 423 , étude expérimentale (acupuncture)¤ 49 , 62 , 80 , 86 , 174 , 217 , 286 , 288 , 337 , 413 , 420 , 511 , experimentation animale¤ 145 , 176 , 229 , 234 , 327 , expérimentation animale (acupuncture)¤ 28 , 35 , 250 , 343 , 407 , 418 , 422 , 427 , 428 , 429 , expérimentation

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51 animale (acupuncture)¤ 434 , 435 , 436 , 437 , 438 , 449 , 451 , 460 , 461 , 463 , 464 , 472 , 476 , 487 , 490 , 492 , 493 , 494 , 496 , 497 , 498 , 504 , 506 , 509 , 512 , 513 , 515 , 516 , 519 , expérimentation animale (acupuncture)/ chat¤ 333 , 414 , expérimentation animale (acupuncture)/ lapin¤ 313 , 347 , expérimentation animale (acupuncture)/ rat¤ 211 , 237 , 244 , 263 , expérimentation animale (acupuncture)/ rat¤ 296 , 305 , 314 , 317 , 328 , 344 , 355 , 360 , 362 , 374 , 375 , 384 , 395 , placebo¤ 111 , 217 , revue générale¤ 87 , 89 , 425 , 433 , 473 , 27,02 -¤ / techniques d'exploration doppler¤ 372 , histologie¤ 166 , 329 , 409 , pH¤ 334 , potentiels évoqués¤ 263 , 415 , 436 , 457 , 463 , temperature¤ 319 , 27,03 -¤ biological l products/ produits biologiques actetylcholine¤ 131 , angiotensine¤ 347 , calcium¤ 409 , 456 , cholécystokinine¤ 375 , 395 , 434 , cortisol¤ 343 , 438 ,

endorphine¤ 114 , 211 , 258 , 261 , 273 , 277 , 283 , 285 , 305 , 328 , 333 , 337 , 338 , 345 , 355 , 360 , 367 , 414 , 428 , gaba¤ 374 , monoamine¤ 207 , 226 , sérotonine¤ 114 , 146 , 213 , sérotonine¤ 230 , 260 , 342 , 27,04 -¤ pharmaceutical products/ produits pharmaceutiques antibiotiques¤ 436 , morphine¤ 196 , naloxone¤ 115 , 133 , 151 , 171 , 188 , 245 , 247 , 286 ,

93 , 296 , 336 , 344 , 2 27,05 -¤ / personnages ye gui¤ 505 ,

27,06 -¤ geographical terms/ termes géographiques allemagne¤ 153 , chine¤ 40 , japon¤ 33 , 40 , 163 , 175 , 179 , taiwan¤ 183 , usa¤ 175 , vietnam¤ 25 ,

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52

index des sources 1 - divers à vérifier gazetta medica di milano¤ 9 , medical acupuncture¤ 479 , 484 , 2 - divers à vérifier deutsche zeitschrift fur akupunktur¤ 294 , 303 , rivista italiana di agopuntura¤ 21 , 22 , 36 , 3 - divers à vérifier croc'la vie magazine¤ 446 , 4 - congrès 2eme congres mondial d'acupuncture et moxibustion, paris¤

22 , 325 , 331 , 333 , 3 advances in acupuncture and acupuncture anaesthesia,beijing¤ 129 , 130 , 133 , 134 , 137 , 138 , 139 , 140 , 141 , 142 , 145 , conferences d'acupuncture,gera,toulon¤ 88 , in compilation of the abstracts of acupuncture and

oxibustion papers, beijing¤ 270 , 271 , 273 , m in selections from article abstracts on acupuncture and

oxibustion, beijing¤ 266 , 267 , m second national symposium on acupuncture and

oxibustion,beijing¤ 207 , 208 , 213 , 215 , m selections from article abstracts on acupuncture and moxibustion, beijing¤ 256 , 257 , 258 , 263 , the third world conference on acupuncture¤ 379 , 380 , 386 , third world conference on acupuncture¤ 368 , 370 , 381 ,

82 , 383 , 385 , 390 , 3 wfas international symposium on the trend of research in acupuncture, roma¤ 347 , 348 , 349 , 353 , 364 , 5 - extraits de traités chinese acupuncture and moxibustion¤ 306 , in acupuncture research,institute of medical

formation,beijing¤ 206 , 214 , in in han js, the neurochemical basis of pain relief by acupuncture, beijing¤ 259 , 260 , 261 , 277 , 283 , 284 ,

85 , 2 in research on acupuncture,moxibustion and acupuncture anesthesia,beijing¤ 245 , 247 , 248 , 6 - revues d'acupuncture et MTC acta physiologica sinca¤ 493 , acta physiologica sinica¤ 418 , 429 , 435 , 460 , acupunct electrother res¤ 445 , acupuncture¤ 26 , 276 , acupuncture & moxibustion¤ 497 , 498 , 499 , acupuncture and electrotherapeutics research¤ 52 , 68 , 69 , acupuncture and electrotherapeutics research¤ 80 , 86 , 91 , 94 , 98 , 143 , 149 , 158 , 172 , 184 , 187 , 221 , 222 , 234 , 235 , 239 , 243 , 250 , 269 , 286 , 300 , 310 , 316 , 318 , 351 , 392 , 399 , 411 , 426 , 448 , 456 , acupuncture and electro-therapeutics research¤ 387 , 410 , 439 , acupuncture in medicine¤ 37 , 412 , 466 , 475 , 481 , 7 acupuncture research¤ 148 , 176 , 181 , 192 , 226 , 230 , 237 , 264 , 293 , 305 , 313 , 314 , 315 , 317 , 328 , 335 , 338 , acupuncture research¤ 342 , 344 , 354 , 355 , 361 , 369 , 374 , 391 , 402 , 404 , 406 , 407 , 422 , 464 , 500 , 513 , acupuncture research quarterly¤ 116 , 122 , 179 , 183 ,

232 , 238 , acupunctuur¤ 443 , 444 , agopunctura e tec iche di terapia antalgica¤ 194 , n akupunktur¤ 50 , 78 , 157 , 219 , 341 , 343 , 346 , 431 , akupunktur theorie und praxis¤ 442 , akupunktur theorie und praxis¤ 290 , akupunkturarzt aurikulotherapeut¤ 340 , alternative medicine¤ 272 , american journal of acupuncture¤ 32 , 33 , 47 , 48 , 53 , 57 , 64 , 67 , 81 , 82 , 84 , 90 , american journal of acupuncture¤ 95 , 118 , 123 , 126 , 135 , 147 , 164 , 165 , 202 , 223 , 224 , 231 , 233 , 244 , 388 , 393 , 398 , 419 , american journal of chinese medicine¤ 30 , 34 , 49 , 62 , 74 , 121 , 454 , 478 , 509 , beijing da xue xue bao¤ 489 , biol nauki¤ 229 , brain research¤ 492 , british journal of acupuncture¤ 125 , bulletin de la societe d'acupuncture¤ 11 , 12 , 14 , cahiers de biotherapie¤ 173 , china journal of traditional chinese medicine and pharmacy¤ 505 , china pharmaceuticals and medical instruments¤ 350 , chinese acupuncture and moxibustion¤ 153 , 154 , 170 , 178 , 193 , 209 , 212 , 218 , 225 , 228 , 274 , chinese acupuncture and moxibustion¤ 275 , 308 , 311 , 312 , 363 , 421 , 428 , 438 , 452 , 477 , 488 , 490 , 501 , 506 , 508 , chinese acupuncture et moxibustion¤ 424 , chinese journal of acupuncture and moxibustion¤ 291 , chinese journal of basic medicine in tcm¤ 473 , chinese journal of integrated traditional and western medicine¤ 449 , chinese journal of integrative medicine¤ 487 , chinese journal of pain medicine¤ 451 , 453 , 461 , chinese medical journal¤ 44 , 395 , 396 , comparative medicine east and west¤ 89 , complementary medical research¤ 518 , contemporary research in chinese acupuncture¤ 54 , der akupunkturarzt-aurikulotherapeut¤ 376 , deutsche zeitschrift fur akupunktur¤ 203 , 227 , 467 , 468 ,

69 , 470 , 471 , 474 , 4 in proceedings of the tenth annual international conference on eterinary acupuncture¤ 199 , v

international conference on tcm and pharmacology,shanghai¤ 255 , jiangsu journal of traditional chinese medicine¤ 59 , 4 journal of acupuncture and tuina science¤ 485 , journal of alternative and complementary medicine¤ 455 , journal of anhui traditional chinese medical college¤ 463 , journal of beijing tcm college¤ 278 , journal of beijing university of tcm¤ 57 , 4 journal of emergency in tcm¤ 494 , journal of fujian college of tcm¤ 472 , journal of tcm¤ 210 , 441 , 480 , 483 , journal of tcm- el puso de la vida¤ 486 , journal of the japan society of acupuncture¤ 289 , 319 , 320 , 323 , 326 , 327 , 329 , 330 , 332 , 334 , 352 , 359 , 408 , 409 , journal of the japan society of acupuncture and moxibustion¤ 502 , 517 , journal of the kyoto pain control institute¤ 23 , 24 , 37 , 38 , 40 , 41 , 51 , 83 , journal of traditional acupuncture¤ 321 , journal of traditional chinese medicine¤ 432 , 436 ,

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53 medical acupuncture¤ 58 , 503 , 514 , 4 medicina holistica¤ 1 , 2 , 465 , mensuel du medecin acupuncteur¤ 39 , 55 , 71 , meridiens¤ 45 , 46 , 63 , 70 , 76 , 85 , 195 , neurosci lett¤ 515 , new journal of traditional chinese medicine¤ 371 , new zealand journal of acupuncture¤ 262 , nouvelle revue internationale d'acupuncture¤ 19 , pain¤ 96 , quaderni di agopuntura tradizionale¤ 254 , revista uruguaya de acupuntur ¤ 163 , 166 , a revue francaise de mtc¤ 401 , rivista italiana di agopuntura¤ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 56 , 108 , 177 , rivista italiana di medicina orientale¤ 189 , rivista italiana di medicina tradizionale cinese¤ 416 , 491 , shanghai journal of acupuncture and moxibustion¤ 437 , 447 , 495 , 496 , 504 , shanghai journal of tcm¤ 450 , the american journal of chinese medicine¤ 507 , veterinary acupuncture newsletter¤ 301 , 302 , vrach delo¤ 373 , world journal of acupuncture moxibustion¤ 394 , world journal of acupuncture-moxibustion¤ 430 , 7 - revues extérieures acta anaesthesiol scand¤ 405 , acta pharmacologica sinica¤ 196 , acta physiol scand¤ 211 , am j phys med rehabil¤ 366 , am j vet res¤ 476 , american surgeon¤ 5 , 3 anaesthesia¤ 268 , anaesthesist¤ 75 , anesth analg¤ 423 , 440 , anesthesia and analgesia¤ 74 , 190 , 1 archives of neurology¤ 29 , auton neurosci¤ 482 , behav brain res¤ 362 , biol psychiatry¤ 200 , biological psychiatry¤ 296 , 433 , biull eksp biol m d¤ 400 , e brain res¤ 516 , brain research¤ 28 , 115 , brain research bulletin¤ 420 , bull tokyo med dent univ¤ 101 , 136 , chung hua shen ching ching shen ko tsa chih¤ 131 , complement ther med¤ 97 , 3 de natura rerum¤ 365 , disability rehabilitation¤ 425 , drug alcohol dependence¤ 384 , ear nose throat¤ 288 , european journal of pharmacology¤ 360 , gazetta medica di milano¤ 7 , histology and histopathology¤ 414 , int j alternat complement med¤ 378 , j microwave power¤ 180 , japanese journal of anesthesiology¤ 42 , 59 , 60 , 72 , journal belge med phys rehabilit¤ 120 , journal med caen¤ 156 , journal of medecine (westbury)¤ 169 , journal of oral rehabilitation¤ 372 , journal of psychosomatic research¤ 217 ,

journal phys therm¤ 58 , jpn j anesthesiol¤ 73 , la revue du praticien¤ 112 , life sci¤ 519 , life sciences¤ 11 , 4 med tekh¤ 132 , minerva medica¤ 188 , mp¤ 25 , national medical journal of china¤ 367 , neuropeptides¤ 375 , neuropharmacology¤ 434 , neuroscience letters¤ 99 , 427 , neurosciences letters¤ 09 , 1 news physiol sci¤ 357 , nouvelle presse medicale¤ 151 , pain¤ 146 , 175 , 337 , 345 , 389 , 413 , 415 , 462 , 511 , pain (amsterdam)¤ 113 , 171 , patologicheskaia fiziologiia i eksperimentalnaia terapiia¤ 253 , 298 ,

pain clinic¤ 336 ,

peptides¤ 512 , phys sr¤ 201 , prakt anaesth wiederbeleb intensivtherap¤ 119 , regulatory peptide¤ 403 , reprod biomed online¤ 510 , revue medicale liege¤ 162 , science et vie¤ 10 , sheng li ko hsueh chin chan¤ 417 , voprosy kurortologii fizioterapii i lechbnoi fizicheskoi¤ 265 , voprosy kurortologii fizioterapii i lechebnoi fizicheskoi kultury¤ 299 , vrach delo¤ 358 , 8 - thèses these medecine,lyon¤ 87 , these medecine,paris¤ 111 , these medecine,st etienne¤ 197 , 9 - traités chan's books, alhambra¤ 20 , chan's corporation, monterey park¤ 43 , editions de la source d'or, marsat¤ 27 , fa davis company,philadelphia¤ 205 , hang, wiesbaden¤ 309 , haug¤ 144 , 152 , 159 , 160 , 236 , 246 , 282 , haug verlag,heidelberg 292 , ¤ haug, ulm-donau¤ 13 , imprimerie de ricard fr res, montpellier¤ 8 , e inst ryodoraku¤ 220 , japan ryodoraku autonomic nerve society,osaka¤ 61 , karl f haug verlag¤ 356 , m l verlag, uelzen¤ 128 , maisonneuve,ste ruffine¤ 31 , maloine,paris¤ 249 , mandala ediciones,madrid¤ 295 , medizinisch literarische verlagsgesellschaft mbh, uelzen¤ 3 , 4 , 5 , 77 , 127 , 216 , medizinisch literarische verlagsgesellschaft mbh,uelzen¤ 65 , 66 , 79 , 92 , 93 , medizinisch literarische verlagsgesellschaft mbh,uelzen¤ 97 , 124 , 150 , 161 , 168 , 182 , 198 , 279 , 297 , 304 , 307 , 324 , 339 , medizinisch-literarische verlagsgesellschaft, ulzen¤ 117 , milano¤ 6 ,

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54 mlv¤ 100 , 102 , 103 , 104 , 105 , 106 , 107 , 110 , 185 , 242 , 251 , 252 , 280 , 281 , otto spatz, wiesbaden¤ 241 , paradigm publications,brookline¤ 204 , piccin,padova¤ 155 , 167 , therapie-verlags-gesellschaft mbh, kaufbeuren¤ 240 ,

thorsons publishers wellingborough¤ 186 , thorsons publishers,wellingborough¤ 191 , tijdstroom¤ 287 ,

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