enjeux de conservation du buffle syncerus caffer...
TRANSCRIPT
Enjeux de conservation du buffle (Syncerus
caffer
brachyceros) au Parc Régional W (Burkina Faso, Bénin, Niger).
Daniel Cornélis
(Cirad
Agirs
&
Cefe)Simon Benhamou
(CNRS Cefe
)
Cédric Gaucherel
(INRA Amap)
Georges Janeau
(INRA Cefs)
Marie‐Noel
de
Visscher
(Cirad
Agirs)
African buffalo : a wide range and an extremely variable morphology
African buffalo : an ideal subject for intra‐specific comparison
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Burkina Faso
Niger
Bénin
Nigeria
GhanaComplexe WAP
Parc transfrontalierParc NationalRéserve totaleRéserve partielleZone de chasseEnclave
100 0 100 Kilometres
African
buffalo
: an emblematic
species
for nature‐based
tourism
in WAP Complex
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Burkina Faso
Niger
Bénin
Nigeria
GhanaComplexe WAP
Parc transfrontalierParc NationalRéserve totaleRéserve partielleZone de chasseEnclave
100 0 100 Kilometres
African
buffalo
: an emblematic
species
for nature‐based
tourism
in WAP Complex
Study area : W Regional Park (10.000 km2)W Regional
Park : an untamed
ecosystem
in an ocean
of desertification
Buffalo & cattle
herds
distribution in early
wet
season
(Aerial
count, 2003)
Source : Bouché
& al. 2003
Recherche
Gestion du Parc
Augmenter la charge en buffle du Parc pour améliorer la qualité
des prestations touristiques
Objectifs
Mieux comprendre la dynamique spatio‐temporelle de la population de buffles du Parc W
Tracking
GPS (2007 & 2008) ‐> 7 mixed herds
Herds
1 to 7 : scatter
of points
Herds
1 to 7 : annual
home ranges
Movement
data segmentation
Locations of a herd in late dry season (3h GPS fix interval)
Utilisation distribution (UD) estimated with a classical kernel method (LSCV)
Designing a movement‐based kernel density estimator
Taking obvious boundaries into account
Dry season
ranges : space
is
partitioned
according
to surface water access
Herd
5
Herd
6
Herd
7
11 / 04 /2007
Transition late
dry season
‐> early
wet
season
Herd
5
Herd
6
Herd
7
12 / 04 /2007
Transition late
dry season
‐> early
wet
season
Herd
5
Herd
6
Herd
7
13 / 04 /2007
Transition late
dry season
‐> early
wet
season
Herd
5
Herd
6
Herd
7
14 / 04 /2007
Transition late
dry season
‐> early
wet
season
Herd
5
Herd
6
Herd
7
15 / 04 /2007
Transition late
dry season
‐> early
wet
season
Herd
5
Herd
6
Herd
7
16 / 04 /2007
Transition late
dry season
‐> early
wet
season
Herd
5
Herd
6
Herd
7
17 / 04 /2007
Transition late
dry season
‐> early
wet
season
Herd
5
Herd
6
Herd
7
18 / 04 /2007
Transition late
dry season
‐> early
wet
season
Herd
5
Herd
6
Herd
7
19 / 04 /2007
Transition late
dry season
‐> early
wet
season
Herd
5
Herd
6
Herd
7
20 / 04 /2007
Transition late
dry season
‐> early
wet
season
Herd
5
Herd
6
Herd
7
21 / 04 /2007
Transition late
dry season
‐> early
wet
season
Herd
5
Herd
6
Herd
7
22 / 04 /2007
Transition late
dry season
‐> early
wet
season
23 / 04 /2007
Transition late
dry season
‐> early
wet
season
Herd
5
Herd
6
Herd
7
24 / 04 /2007
Transition late
dry season
‐> early
wet
season
Herd
5
Herd
6
Herd
7
25 / 04 /2007
Transition late
dry season
‐> early
wet
season
Herd
5
Herd
6
Herd
7
26 / 04 /2007
Transition late
dry season
‐> early
wet
season
Herd
5
Herd
6
Herd
7
27 / 04 /2007
Transition late
dry season
‐> early
wet
season
Herd
5
Herd
6
Herd
7
28 / 04 /2007
Transition late
dry season
‐> early
wet
season
Herd
5
Herd
6
Herd
7
29 / 04 /2007
Transition late
dry season
‐> early
wet
season
Herd
5
Herd
6
Herd
7
30 / 04 /2007
Transition late
dry season
‐> early
wet
season
Herd
5
Herd
6
Herd
7
01 / 05 /2007
Transition late
dry season
‐> early
wet
season
02 / 05 /2007
Transition late
dry season
‐> early
wet
season
Herd
5
Herd
6
Herd
7
02 / 05 /2007
Transition late
dry season
‐> early
wet
season
Herd
5
Herd
6
Herd
7
Utilisation Distribution (UD) overlaps
analysis
shows that
:
1. Space
is
partitioned
according
to watersheds
:
o Herds mainly exploit on one side of their main river.
o Home range is limited to the separation line of the adjacent water basin.
2.All year round, Overlap between herds is very low :
herds tend to exploit exclusive areas
Comparison with WRP buffalo with Southern Africa subspecies :
o Herd sizes are smaller (150 >< 1500 in SE Africa).
o Annual ranges are bigger (170‐620 km2 >< max 290 km2 in SE Africa).
o Herds carry out seasonal short‐distance migrations.
o Adjacent herds tend to exploit exclusive ranges.
Conclusion
In WRP, space use patterns analysis suggests that
spatial and demographic expansions are strongly limited
by resource availability (water, forage) .
Remerciements
Programme Parc Régional W Ecopas (Union Européenne)
Fondation Internationale pour la Sauvegarde de la Faune
Agence Nationale pour la Recherche