Download - Mis - Jbs513 Lecture 1
-
8/14/2019 Mis - Jbs513 Lecture 1
1/27
1
Introduction
Management Information System
(JBS513)
Tapas Kumar Sen
Lecture 1
19 November, 2009
-
8/14/2019 Mis - Jbs513 Lecture 1
2/27
2
An information system can be defined as a group of
interrelated components that collect, process, store anddistribute information to support decision making,
controlling and executing activities in an organisation.
Management Information System (MIS) can becategorised as type of information systems that support
management activities.
Management Information Systems (MIS) is the term givento the discipline focused on the integration of computer
systems with the aims and objectives on an organisation.
Definition of MIS
-
8/14/2019 Mis - Jbs513 Lecture 1
3/27
3
To enable the organisation to meet the strategic business
challenge: how can the organisation use informationtechnology and systems to be more competitive and
effective?
To help the organisation to understand and leverage
globalisation challenges: how can the organisationunderstand and leverage challenges arising out of
globalisation
To provide and store secured, reliable and consistent
information in a cost-effective manner To eliminate manual and labour intensive data processing
thus reducing costs and vastly improving efficiency and
speed
MIS - Objectives
-
8/14/2019 Mis - Jbs513 Lecture 1
4/27
4
Generate reports that allow analysis and decision making
Answer questions such as what, when, where and how at
managerial level
MIS Objectives (contd.)
-
8/14/2019 Mis - Jbs513 Lecture 1
5/27
5
Scope
Business Strategy
Roles
Procedures
Software
Hardware
Databases
Network
Information SystemsOrganisation
-
8/14/2019 Mis - Jbs513 Lecture 1
6/27
6
Scope (contd.)
Strategic Level Systems
Management Level Systems
Knowledge Level Systems
Operational Level Systems
ESS
MIS
DSS
KWS
Office
Systems
TPS
-
8/14/2019 Mis - Jbs513 Lecture 1
7/27
7
Examples of types of systems
ESS Long range product planning, Long range personnelplanning etc.
MIS Sales management, Inventory control, Annual budgeting
etc.
DSS Sales region analysis, Production scheduling, cost
analysis etc.
KWS Engineering workstation, Graphics workstation etc.
Office Systems Office suite, Email, Imaging
TPS Payroll, Accounts payables, Accounts Receivables,
Order tracking, Order processing, Materials movement controletc.
-
8/14/2019 Mis - Jbs513 Lecture 1
8/27
8
Concept of MIS
Processing Logic
Computers
Human Beings
Database
Data
Data
Data
intelligence Tools Choice
Information
Judgement/Intuition / Skill / Experience / External Environment
Performance
Decision Making
Decision
Decision Implementation
Monitoring/Feedback
MIS
-
8/14/2019 Mis - Jbs513 Lecture 1
9/27
-
8/14/2019 Mis - Jbs513 Lecture 1
10/27
10
Transformation of the Enterprise Flattening
Decentralisation
Flexibility
Location independence
Low transaction and collaboration costs Empowerment
Collaborative work and team work
Emergence of the Digital Firm Digitally enabled relationship with customers, suppliers and employees
Core business processes accomplished via digital networks
Digital management of key corporate assets
Rapid sensing and responding to environmental changes
The Changing Contemporary Business
Environment (contd.)
-
8/14/2019 Mis - Jbs513 Lecture 1
11/27
11
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND SYSTEMS ENABLE BUSINESS TOADAPT TO, COPE WITH AND COMPETE IN TODAYS CHALLENGING
ENVIRONMENT.
The Changing Contemporary Business
Environment (contd.)
-
8/14/2019 Mis - Jbs513 Lecture 1
12/2712
Information and Business Value Chain
Data
Collection &
Storage
DisseminationTransform-
ation for
businesssystems
Supply Chain
Management
Enterprise
Management
Customer
Management
Knowledge
Management
PlanningCoordinating Controlling Modelling &
Decision making
Profitability &
Strategic
Position
-
8/14/2019 Mis - Jbs513 Lecture 1
13/2713
No single theory or concept constitutes MIS. It is amultidisciplinary field.
Disciplines contributing to MIS:
Computer Science
Management Science
Cognitive Science
Accounting
Sociology
Management and behavioural theories
Systems Theory
Characteristics of MIS
-
8/14/2019 Mis - Jbs513 Lecture 1
14/2714
Technical Approach:
Comprises of fields such as Computer Science, Management Science
and Operations Research
Emphasises on prescriptive solutions to organisational and businesschallenges
Ignores cultural and behavioural issues.
Characteristics of MIS (contd.)
-
8/14/2019 Mis - Jbs513 Lecture 1
15/2715
Behavioural Approach:
Driven by sociology, economics, behavioural studies
Focuses on impact of technology and systems on people and
organisation
The truth is that no single approach can completely explain the field of
MIS.
Characteristics of MIS (contd.)
-
8/14/2019 Mis - Jbs513 Lecture 1
16/2716
Socio-technical Approach:
A fusion of the Technical and the Behavioural approaches
Recognises contributions of all relevant disciplines
Seeks a balance between technically optimal solution and
organisational culture/goals.
Characteristics of MIS (contd.)
-
8/14/2019 Mis - Jbs513 Lecture 1
17/2717
Implementing systems that are competitive and efficient
Understanding the systems requirements of a global business
environment
Creating an information architecture and technology infrastructure tosupport organisational goals
Determining the business value of MIS
Designing systems that people can control, understand and use in a
socially and ethically responsible manner
Major Management Challenges to building and using MIS
-
8/14/2019 Mis - Jbs513 Lecture 1
18/2718
Application Software
Robust
Maintainable
Re-usable
Performant
Portable
Infrastructure
Server capacity (CPU, RAM, Disk Space)
Network bandwidth
Backup/recovery
Technical Design of MIS - Components
-
8/14/2019 Mis - Jbs513 Lecture 1
19/2719
User Interface User Friendly
Access control
Navigation
Database Tables and Fields
Keys and relationships
Locking, referential integrity
Performance (access path, indexing)
Technical Design of MIS - Components
-
8/14/2019 Mis - Jbs513 Lecture 1
20/2720
Ensure MIS is in synch with organisational culture and goals
Ensure stakeholder holder participation in planning, requirements
gathering, development, testing and deployment
Ensure MIS can be supported and enhanced cost effectively
Ensure compatibility with the information architecture of the
organisation
Ensure quality, reliability, usability, availability and maintainability of
MIS
Steps involved in setting up MIS
-
8/14/2019 Mis - Jbs513 Lecture 1
21/2721
Implement proper access control for data security, confidentiality and
integrity
Provide up-to-date and complete technical and user documentation
Train end users, technical staff and documenters
Provide Help facility
Organise handover from the development team to the maintenance
team
Obtain feedback
Steps involved in setting up MIS (contd.)
-
8/14/2019 Mis - Jbs513 Lecture 1
22/2722
Wrong underlying requirements will harm the organisation
in terms of high costs, reduced quality, loss of business,problems with regulatory bodies
Design and implementation of new business processes
should go hand in hand with implementation of MISDonot build on Yesterdays processes.
Performance, scalability, availability, usability can be
critical issues
Insufficient involvement of all the stakeholders may lead to
rejection of the system
Problems involved in installing and operating MIS
-
8/14/2019 Mis - Jbs513 Lecture 1
23/2723
Improper user training and documentation may also leadto early termination of the system
Inadequately tested systems will generate a lot of bugs
resulting in high maintenance costs and userdissatisfaction
Improperly architected systems will make future
enhancements very difficult
Lack of portability to new versions of software and
hardware will kill the system
Problems involved in installing and operating MIS
(contd.)
-
8/14/2019 Mis - Jbs513 Lecture 1
24/2724
Coders
Designers
Hardware Engineers
Modellers
Database Administrators
MIS Personnel
-
8/14/2019 Mis - Jbs513 Lecture 1
25/2725
System Administrators
Trainers and Documenters
End users
Business Managers/SMEs
Chief Information Officer
MIS Personnel (contd.)
-
8/14/2019 Mis - Jbs513 Lecture 1
26/27
-
8/14/2019 Mis - Jbs513 Lecture 1
27/27
Benefits of MIS