asgharpour@um.ac.ir

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وقوع جرائم؛ حضور مجرمان

، نورها ساختمانمعابر،

يها يژگيو

يتيشخص

يها يژگيو

يفرهنگ

ت روابطيکم

ت روابطيفيک

کالن ينيت عيامن

کالبد محله

يها يژگيو

کنشگر

/ يذهن

عيني

خرد

يها يژگيو

يرابطه ا

يها يژگيو

يطيمح

ت ي، جمعيروان يها يژگيو

يها ييداراو يشناخت

ياقتصاد-ياجتماع

، باورها و ها ارزشهنجارها، مناسک

و تقارن روابط يفراوان

تيمحتوا و اهم

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[1] Boendia, Hernando Gomez (1986) Urban Crime: Global trends and policies. United Nations. [2] Casey, Verna (1991). Fear of crime: A selected bibliography. Vance bibliographies.

[3] Council of Europe (2002) Urban crime prevention: A guide for local authorities.

[4] Davis, Mike (1999) Ecology of fear: Los Angeles and the imagination of fear. Vantage Books.

[5] Farrall, Stephan &Lee, Murray (2008) Fear of crime: critical voices in a age of anxiety. Oxon: Routledge-Cavendish.

[6] Gans, Herbet J. (1997) Uses and Misuses of Concepts in American Social Science Research:

Variations on Loı¨c Wacquant’s Theme of ‘Three Pernicious Premises in the Study of the American Ghetto’. International Journal of urban and regional research. 21(3) : 504-507.

[7] Harris, Richard (1969) Fear of crime. Praeger.

[8] Ian Gough (1994) Economic Institutions and the Satisfaction of Human Needs.Journal of

Economic Issues. vol. 28, no. 1 (March 9) , 25–66.

[9] Kelling, George L. & Coles, Catherine M. (1997) Fixing broken windows: restoring order and reducing crime in our communities.Simon & Schuster.

[10] Kury, Helmut () Fear of crime- punitivity new developments in theory and research.

[11] Lewis, Dan. A.(2008) Fear of crime: incivility and the production of a social problem. NJ:

Transaction. Inc. [12] Madson, Gregory D. (1990) Urban Crime: An ecological analysis. Western Washington

University.

[13] Manfred A. Max-Neef with Antonio Elizalde, Martin Hopenhayn. (1989). Human scale development: conception, application and further reflections. New York: Apex. Chpt. 2.“Development

and Human Needs”.

[14] Marsh, Ian (2006) Theories of crime. Oxon: Routledge.

[15]Maslow, A.H. (1943). "A Theory of Human Motivation," Psychological Review 50(4) : 370-96. [16] Mukhrjee, Doel (2005) Women and urban crimes.Kalpaz Publications.

[17] Newman, Oscar (1973) Defensible space: crime prevention through urban design. Collier books.

[18] Newman,Oscar (1996). Creating Defensible Space.US department of housing and urban development.

[19] Scheider, M C , Rowell, T & Bezdikian, V(2006) The impact of citizen perceptions of

community policing on fear of crime Findings from twelve cities Police Quarterly, 6 363.

[20] Shapland, Joanna (2009) Urban crime prevention: Suverliance, and restorative justice: Effect of social technologies. CRC Press.

[21] Snell, Clete (2001) Neighbourhood structure, crime and fear of crime.LFB scholarly publishing

LLC.

[22] Stanko, Elizabeth (1990) . Everyday violence, How women and men experience sexual and

physical danger", London: Pandora press

[23] Wiilet, Ralph (1996). The naked city: urban crime fiction in the USA. Manchester University Press.

[24] Zedner, Lucia (2003) “Victims”, in the oxford handbook of criminology, edited by Mike

Maguire et al ,Oxford university press