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Relations industrielles

Absentéisme et assiduité au travail: deux moyensd'adaptation au stress

Christine Léonard, Marie-Reine Van Ameringen, Shimon L. Dolan and André Arsenault

Volume 42, Number 4, 1987

URI: id.erudit.org/iderudit/050363arDOI: 10.7202/050363ar

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Département des relations industrielles de l’Université Laval

ISSN 0034-379X (print)

1703-8138 (digital)

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Léonard, C., Van Ameringen, M., Dolan, S. & Arsenault, A.(1987). Absentéisme et assiduité au travail: deux moyensd'adaptation au stress. Relations industrielles, 42(4), 774–789.doi:10.7202/050363ar

Article abstract

An earlier study by two of the authors of this paper had shownintrinsic stress to be negatively related to absence frequencywhile extrinsic stress is positively related to absence behavior(Arsenault and Dolan, 1983a). Whereas stress and absencepatterns has been already demonstrated in a number ofstudies, the unique phenomenon of «assiduity» has notreceived sufficient attention in the literature. Moreover, someof the research, has been plagued with methodologicaldifficulties, namely associated with the operational definitionof absenteeism.The major objectives of this study are two fold:a) to confirm (test-retest) the relationships between intrinsicand extrinsic stress on «assiduity» and absence patternsrespectively; and b) to determine the relationship between jobstress and a number of alternative measures of absence.Dailyattendance records and absence by cause for an entire year(1984) were collected for a sample of 162 regular hospitalemployees. Extrinsic and intrinsic job stress indices werecalculated based on linear addition of multi-itemmultidimensional measures derived from questionnaires. Fullpsychometric description of all instruments have beendetailed elsewhere (Arsenault and Dolan 1983a, 1983b). Anumber of different measures of absenteeism have beenstudied. They include five different measures of «frequency»and two measures of «time-lost». Multiple Correlations andmultiple regression analyses were used to test thehypotheses.Results confirm previous findings to the extentthat intrinsic job stress is significantly related to an increase inassiduity and extrinsic job stress to an increase inabsenteeism. The study of differents measures of absence hasshown that job stress is significantly related to frequencyindices, but not to time lost.

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