ptE ROt‘ ti

L'INJUSTICE

Compte rendu sur les resultats du CongresResolution finale et resolutions

des Commissions

INJUSTICE

Report about the results of the CongressFinal Resolution and Resolutions

of the Working Commissions

70

—ac—t

RIGHT

LE DROITVS. S'ELEVE CONTRE

The first great INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF JURISTS

for the protection of Right against systematic Injustice was recently

held in West Berlin with the cooperation of Delegates from

43 countries, amongst whom were 31 Ministers and Statesmen, 32

Professors, 35 Presidents, Judges and Counsel in High Courts of

Justice. The names of these Delegates warraut that the resolutions

were passed by the Congress unprejudiced by political questions of

the day and after scrupulous examination of the documentary mate-

rial and the hearing of witnesses. The publication troughout the

world of these important resolutions is being done not for proper=

ganda purposes, but with the object of spreading the truth in order

to maintain and defend Law against an imminent danger not yet

sufficiently understood by the Free World.

Published by the International Congress of Jurists,Standing Committee, Buitenhof 97, The Hague, Holland

Berlin-Offices: Lindenthaler Allee 5, Berlin Zehlendorf West, Germany

Finj Resolution by Plenary Assembl,

I Whereas Jurists from 43 countries in the world have met in theirindividual capacitids in this Congress in West-Berlin on the invi-tation of the Investigating Committee of Free-minded Jurists of theSoviet Zone of Germany operating in West-Berlin to consider thematerial and evidence presented by them relating to the admi-nistration of justice in the Soviet Zone of Germany,

and whereas the Congress has appointed working committees of itsmembers to study the administration of Labor Law, Civil and Eco-

...nonaic,Law,,Eublic Law and Penal Law in the Soviet Zone of Cgr-driany, -

,.and whereas the working committees of the Congress having con=,• 'Sideted-the Material And evidence presented to them, and havingt'h4id t-witneaSe4,;:haye ,teported to the Congress as tollOWi:

at The "Cdriirnitteann Public Law (Appendix 1)hi The Committee On Penal Law (Appendix 2)

) Tile Cnntmittee or Civil and Economic Law (Appendixdi the Conunitfee oh Labor Law (Appendix 4)

gOztlYe-

That the CongteSs -adopts the reports of its working corninittees.-,a is Anressed by the authentic nature ;Of theferiaçk f1trd 11,-trie"hiniestigating- Committee of Frea-inifidOd

nriSts01„lieWeight of the -evidence and is of the opinion teat:Tccc.. ptOct,p4e,Oplee of law have been vielated ..„-by the'

onorptrie;soviet Zone as set forth in the .reptires:b1,cenirintfees1-!

ke .;:C'oilgiess;believIes jliat" violations of principle of46 4.44,4Se:reEtitt.S.- i ,a-JtiliatIPS of graver he.

billy to luriats lnit to all people troUghout the-World.

igieSs VanSiderS that its wink- 0/614141ie,e6111,`Sfeliejipi Cohitiittee Grin ilirshduid

- 4oi

etwden",."-the rinvestig ti .ng;cbMiittee ofmoinbote.01

ers hnd Other cOmmuneafions as ina3t_résu'151i -Pagteps;

c) To take' such further action as the Standing,..torninittee Maydeem desirable to'implement the objectives of the Congress.

III. Resolved: That the Congress elects the following as members of theStanding Committee: Hon. J. T. Thorson, Ottawa, Canada; Mr. P. T.Federspiel, Copenhagen Denmark; Sr.. Jose t •fabuco, Rio de Janeiro,Brazil; Hon. H. B. Tyabli, Karachi, Palristan; Dr. E. Zellweger, Ziirich,Switzerland; and Mr. A. J. M. van Dal, The Hague, Holland; withpower to replace and co-opt; and that Hon. J. T. Thorson be Chair-man and Mr. A. J. M. van Dal Secretary of such Standing Committee.,

`IV. Resolved: That the Secretarial of the Standing Committee of theCongress be . estabfielred,:nt The Hague under.' of itsSecretary, Mr. A. J. M. van Dal, Noorcieinde 75,, Den, Haag, Holland.

V. Recaved:, That Nyith Sin to aspisting the .committee inits work, _Dr., 'filen' FrIeselenan: be ' requested to keep the Standing'Committee currently .Th-1611* about the conditions behind the ilren

VI. Rwlvid: That a .:- stet -eine*: of the 3tegOltatatts adopted by the Con-gress be sent to the 06.verthUent of the Federal Republic of Germany.

VII. Resolved: That.:a • st,tatoni /orq , oft the rosohrtiong arrn,ijed by the . Con-sreiw,:üfvethr ,*(44. ,e014,:of iliie'inif4t14 'IrlinitioU as 4 gyitan7

1. be sent to the Government ' of lirk-20Uhn'an.. peruocratic . Republic and

ii. ed. That 4?3.4r-atarew.i...,.eiitir:LIg i;;Iraen-73:St,1.943-6,,,,,Til#sH '''iee' t as \-t- StiteuH"td:

`tOjthe PcOoati.cfn,-;mth 4*of 40;!*-0C1:,iiiiiie•a-tOrtaiiii.

- ess'tognthr in .:, . '71, ,„.int:::";::::::2-04. 4.2ieraTh'ig:.tt:t,',:::'bi.,r,..e '71' -

VIII.Resolved: .iia.--3a .d.:Cht, aftne;ry-p," 7 5.

for his irifot-',. . 91 . • ' to .the:defier413$3eCTI!

a,113- 3.3'. <

0P. zate-t; ' ' .1,'1?e,leet-3,.: Iiiii.'1(s+rth il be .00.13, ,. ---

LX..

',Resulted': - That th V."- Con

mation and 5,14:ifIC:L',. thet at the Investigating

, resehted. . ..-.3 - teffit the material ,i5 ,committee15f !mit' lto the -congresi • and kopes that this enitrageolM and able group Will

,,,,,pS;1■7:11..kre7":433:1:17!will.ag atd 44446

, ... .

j'atC:.,t4etre.1614-entilots,:l.Pswt 4wriliciD7uieltelminatethlyee.

continue its -Werk:fit ir

3 The 'PreikeeUi bIMUIritiratie) C. . 3 ". 31 -tft‘TO4*-04k4, ,

The resolutions l- re passe dcountries:

Onously by :166 Delegates fry )the following

Albania: Sell in Daman], LeadingAlbanian jurist living In exile; II asanDosti, Former President of Court ofAppeal; Nuci Koff to Former Presi-dent of 'Relief and Assistance Commit-tee". Austria: Prof. Dr. DI. h. C. C. J.Fifers, l l ni‘ersity of Innstu lick, Prof.Dr. Erich Sa chers, University ofInnsbruck. Belgium: AntoineBiannLawyer at C' a;; of Appeal. 13 razil: Prof.Cesdrino Jr., University of Sao Paolo;José- Nabuno,.„ President of Brazi-lian-American Institute, Bulgaria: Prof.Dr. N. bolabchiev, formerly Univer-sity of Sofia; VI a dimir Pod calef f,

, Former Diplomatist; Ass en Slavo v,ltilbrnber , of the National Committee.Caaada: Hon, L. 1AE Brockington,Dean of "Queen's University, Former-,Deputy Prime Minister; J. Este y, Judge

Supreme Courts-C r-Ion. R. L. K e I-I k ,Q.C„ 131...D, h. , Judge atSupreme Court. Czechoslovakia: Dr.Jose rrh M ilk US, former , Envoy of'Slovakia in Madrid; Prof. br. Stef anOsusky, President 'of Central Com-mittee-:2/or d . Free-. Czechoslovakia;pr. J.- St rams k y , Former Professorfor " penal , Law, Minister of Justice.

; China: Prof. lit, Francis S. F. Liu,Yale' Oniverifty, former presiding Judgeat Supreme Court of Shanghai, Den-

mark(1-1. tens B , Lawyer; Per, .' Fedefspi aft Vice President of the

Legal arimmittee tb-the-Onited Nations,. 3- former M inister ; 0 V e r.R'aSm .0 s s o

Lawyer . at . Stipteme Court. Egypt: Prof.

M4hrilnurl O.0 Af la ,- Cairo„ Estonia,: ,3 0.h anne

, p s't,34".:Stn , 0:11.1, 6.65.- 1-telinisi' F.

. 41-e ii110 oh M a rk3,§0Cretir3Y General; National Council; -Paul- Poo m,

- .fothteli Judge at Supreme 6Mirt, France:

I) dniel Buisdon, tof mer Chairmandud at present member of Council ofliench Union; Dr, Jean Kreher,1.swy er, legal advisor at Ministr y of'l.ahur. Georgia: Eugene Guequ-o t If kori, former President of "trans-( fu (Riau Government Germany: Prof.

r. A. II Inme y_.f f r, Free University,!lin; Prof. Dr. F, D a r rn stae cl t e rnibridge and Heidelberg Universities;

Dr. Theo Friedenau, Chief of theInvestigating Committee of Free Jurists;Prof Dr. E. , lieinitz, Free University,Berlin; Dr. V Kielinger, Senator forJustiele, Berlin; Dr, H. KB h ne mann,rrosiclent of Senate; Berlin; Prof. Dr. R.,Isfaurach, Munich Univeraity; DriN a u an ry , President of Penal, Senateof the 'Supreme Federal Court"; Prof. DPII, K. ,N ipperdey, Cologne-Univer-sity; Dr. A. S k ot t President of Su-.,prerne Court of Appeal, berlin. GreatBritain: Sir Alfred Brown

Lawyer; Prof P J Cohn, PhD.,Lawyer; Waite r 13(a e bit r 11),. Esgu.,Q C., Recorder of West - Ham; Sir C 123Vick Chairman Of the GeneralCouncil of thel3ar of England and Wales.Greece: Prof. G a i s of,Athens. India: Pir,r.s3h Fitt ain -T r ikamdas, LL.B., Senior, -Atfcirney atSuprente . COurt - rif 'Bombay, .thrraerlY -Secretary to Mahatma , -Candhaf.. ItatitProf I Pr, SàadiBissrssDs o -Legal Board, Baghdad, former Chairmanof Juvenile Coln t in Palestine. Iran: Dr.. ,Par y lzKazemi ePresident of ,Criini- _Jo). CoL,ElLiC,7.1.79-1.t,1—,,,T1,ikth,9

if:IJI,f„M`7 ..11/4`:; Ta*Yer, On. 333

.14A0 : ti,,o, ,T hot ?int a keLif-,,pei;i:ify,Jurists ASsoCiationAtally:,Pthf,IG.

avist a',..-Me'gStAa-11111-tia'Sitfr7

0. G. B et tit, „ Chairman of LegislativeCommittee of Chamber of Deputies; Dr.Vittorio Isotta, Attorney': Prof.Luigi de Luca, Attorney, at Rota-Romana; Prof. Fernando•Derra• „Roc ca, Rome University. Japan:Shunzo KoliayaS1G, Judge atSupreme Court; TakehiroTao to, Public Prosecutor oftapanosuGovernment; Masao Miyake, Chief .of Main Department and Inforinatinri,Office of Supreme, Court; (2r.Of'-'

4.j o ii, pity, tkoreattl;Kyuti &lad, C

P.:41:"F"11.4.'1-1, 0 15,-. •..0 4.*/).:/ffe

K4.34..#at ti".-qok■frolie..::::: titi sflJkO,fltorty1 '45

Former .tudge of S11PreiUeCPU*•Dist4t Ph ii

• g Uldi-ifittCurcrtsr4VRatiRf'Of :- Iidittitt0-áñ11 MMiJf

4.09.4i;:0-ft.

tild_414ti

er head of th,..eeletlition to theLeague of Nations. Portugal: Prof. LuizPinto Coelho, Lisblin University;'Dr. 'Mantel FOrnat;t1,ns: Farther

, General Manager Of Mintstry- of JuStice.Rumania:- Dr. Miton titter in, La-wyer; Prof L. J. ConstantinescoCambridge University. Russia: Gregor

Free Univer-de'ci:r.ge Guins,

-torgaer at the -Cliarbin and Manchurianjnstitutes

•'7,Prof. Dr.:N Mysch en -

-t • 07:191-9-Vh. :MC",

_ •

- len ili3,fir;fpnivef4ty; i.:Qtia\ila; Prot

„e,eida.bYtt.At4.0444.--t:r9te*'-;:',

2,, re: myerat,ty: of•toiMkcj md im

:Pro

\

Resolution of the Committee on Public 'td*- On October 7th, 1949, a document entitled tonstituthim of the GermanDemocratic Republic" was published in the Soviet zone of Germany. ThisConstitution appears to be imbued with the most tibeial principles. Manyof its provisions are a transcription in German of the Universal Declarationof Human Rights drawn up by the United Nations in 1948.•

--CM the basis of material gathered during the Past three years, the Com-mittee has considered whether the 'Constitution of the Gel:MintieinocrAid*public"' has been applied in the spirit and in the deiten , 01NSCetifter if hass.'lebd ask A nteie prsq. etet for the arbitraftfierbrbfk*nitgAr

g klai49:14 vest aPt1 -of _.d2c4111 ,-Ontri, QYc hYItt eh'Sev. lifte:ssel, 'the' COMmittee is of the opinion'

Ith! .terniS r Of the, Constituttenrof,t/IP .:'5.R.Y&WI: 114949, the citizens 8re gh..ratt s esr

d èleetin , a4)4,POROpnarYPikehoVflet 41.60.-3liti4

apfl

'6" c:e: gt: altuttitt,tat ,no,by%ètrfbaflott

e

F ede.rAckSOf I:

pg, rt.

December 22nd, toil No.242 — regulation No. rt for Academiesand Universities of the Secretariat for Academies and _UniversitiesNo. 24)5 i. a.)

(4) Freedom of movement in the Soviet Zone of Germany has beenrestricted for Political reasons. (Service regulation No. PM. 7"51 of nueChief Administration of the German People's Police of June 2nd 1951No. 254, No. 255 and following.)

(5) Inviolability of doinicile and postal secrecy as recognized by the Con-stitution are notoriously disregarded. (regulations of the DresdenGeneral Post Office Administration of September 9th, 1950 — No. 275,No. 276 'and following.)

. .„00 The administration Of the Soviet Zone of Germany is dominated by the- Socialist' Unity Party (SED) b .which was created under pressure of the

Soviet occupation power abainst the will of the great majority of thesocial democrat membersand Meat not be Confounded with the GermanSot ial Democratic - Party. The menibers , o f the SED in public servicehave Also in their official activities to follow the orders of the party.(Decision Of the Socialist Unity. Party of Germany — LandesleitungMecklenburg, of February 8rd, 1952 No. 281.) The activity of theState , serves the realisation dl the aims of the Socialist Unity Party ofGermany,lWhipkconalst injille4SliabliSlintignii:gf ,,..:4,1301-sheviSt order ofState and society, according tig i the Soyjet IlniOri pattern, without takinginto consideration 'the' vital. needs-c ol the population.

17) ln order" t618chleve this atIgi grit/agar' ngdastfresi are taken in numerouscaies. lit addition- to'llie .tiSnal taintikiArettlyè atilliotities and the StateSecurity'iSerViCat4pbetall CitfleeS-Vgitti, Witeaditnig tpowers; especiallyOintrol'1Ci orninittben..)..airictliCiattIS-lcir'-tlibsprotectiory' of tb.e. People'sproperty, -.have : been l'estalglisheld.1141der' yenceiningi,the tasks cif the

, Centrai Coiletroi Committee etci:of Sept-ell-diet 1st, '048, and the limelattotiS -of its iimplerdentiatiCo.

(8) Heavy taxation uip Unposed arbitrarily and illegally, in accordance withgoVernmetil needs :a ia' :.estatliSberl: by 'Abe,.Socialist Unity Party ofGermany..

(9) Miredress ,1clidd openjo the, populat.ion. Com--fdaintstto'higifer'authorilieS . ave kinenAtilauecessfui in the majority ofcaseal, In ',fact,' 'the -cogistittlionalIV :guaranteed i 'adnairdStrative juris-,diction Is in reality .insignificant :non-existent (Saaony/Anhalt,. .iSaxorryl. Tax trIbUnals as- i brin'ounced; by . the Law on- taxation of

December 2nd, 950, have not yet been -established althotic:/more than20 000 appeals are awaiting judgment.

II

11) For the achievement of the aims of the Socialist Unity Party of Ger-many the administrative authorities violhte the existing laws of theSoviet Zone of Germany, the laws of Inimanity and the general legalprinciples ot a civilized world as laid down in Articles 8, 12, 13, 17, 19,20, 21, and 27 of the - l i niversal Declaration of Ilurnan Rights" ofDecember 10th, 1948, although these legal principles have also beenginuanteed in the Constitution of the Soviet Zone of Germany ofOctober 7th, 1949.

(2) From the reports made by citizen's of different- Satellite States andcountries occupied by the URSS (Ali:mate; Qeorgia, Rumania,iCzecho-Slovakia and the Baltic States Esthonia, Latvia and Lithuania) it maybe concluded that the conditions prevailing in these _countries cor-respond . with those prevailing to day in the SGerman DemocraticRepublic", and with the same flagrant violation of Human Rights. Inthe Baltic States even mass i deportations of innocent- human beingshave repeatedly taken place.

(3) The Committee considers that constant review of the development Oflegislation and its application behind the 'Iron Curtain is an urgentneeessity together with careful investigation of the systematic yica l

-lation Of justice, Wide publiCation, ..ol geliahle inforMatibn and activesupport in the fight against . the suppression of law perpetrated againstthe population behind the ,"Irep Curtain".

The Committee is bound to support the struggle of the nations behind theiron .Curtain" for the Maintenance of liberty,4

The President of the Committee on Public Law:

sd.Dr. Juan Jose.arabajal-Vitforia,former Minister of Interior of Uruguay

.-solution M the 'Committee on Itetitai Law

• _ •lie Committee on Penal Law of the International Congress of Jurists,

after dpe, examination of the material presented, and having heard andcaueitiohed witne-sses ' concerning the legal situation ad the administrationof the Law of the Soviet-occupied Zone of Germany,is of the opinion that

(I) In the Soviet-occupied Zone of Germany persons are, arbitrarilyarrested and detaiotneda,":

i

2);Llt r.ftpa-rt!..tbai She r eiPSIeentiZ ..§.,:rvi,:ell.ui l7P.. 11lAP:isoners : are''TA

' are neither

ect

"of„ p..TLI4anY -tf

t tof the SCnre-t7.-9t.‘tar..?":' is lieFiliOn;

e f Pa ,.•

The Commitlee therefOre concludes:

II

(1) That these violations of the basic principles of law end Justice con-stitute an offence to the conscience of mankind; .

(2) That they are contrary to Articles 3 5 9., .1.0;11(18, and 19 of theUniversal Declaration of Human Rights of peceniber 1948;

(3) That they affect the very basis of the • Constitution of the GermanDemocratic Republic; --

(4) That the existing legislation is not applied , and.that . the administrationof penal law in the Soviet Zone of 'Germany:deliberately 'fails to con-form to the principles of the Rule of Law; -

1-,C,Ezilim • ttO ,on oflhclev:tioliMent and applica4OM• orjW:and jn*trig

ICVAY-IPPIlii-41149-tY* "n;:b.gstitbaq,-;aith9ohtscul.osemstrigs

•:•:1;s7-:., • •4 4rar-"gie4*sfotly,01-Ctuit.44

in-a cie

fi4cSär; wravukhch. ex* Magon,

Thpfe*Inii

^3)Resolution of the Committee on Civil and sediconomic Law

After examination of the material pie sented and having heard and que-stioned witnesses, the Committee believes

(1) that the orders issued by the Soviet Military Administration for Ger-many (SMAD) and the acts of expropriation without compensationbased upon such orders, which aim at introducing State capitalism inthe Soviet Zone of Occupation of Germany, for agriculture (e. g. land-ownership over 100 hectars) as well as for the majority of industrialconcerns of economic importance, are contrary to the principles oflaw, when such orders and acts have exceeded the provisions governingthe expropriation of war- criminals and active members of the Nazi

• Party and recognized war reparations. Such acts of expropriation arearbitrary by the terms of 17 § .,2 of the Universal Declaration ofHumani Rights of the United Nations.,

(2 that the laws and decrees issued by administrations or parliaments inthe Sov' iet ',One of Germany, providing- a basis for expropriation with, _out compensation for the purpose of socialisation, are invalid andhence arbitrary-under art. 17 2 of the Universal Declaration of HumanRights," because those institutions have not been set up in a demo-,cratic Manner, but by intimidation used in the interests of the Commu-n)st Party.

(3) Documents have been submitted to the Committee showing the pro;

•cedure for expropriation mu the Soviet Zone of Occupation forthe purpOse of sochklialtion. They indicate that expropriation without

- compensation has been„earried out by legal verdict or administrativeaCt, although there Was no evidence for the alleged facts / (e in cri-,

prosecutions for alleged fascist activities, for economic offenses,-foi- - tai-evasion and for infringement on price ceiling regulations), TheCOnntittee leIieyes th‘t , such an abuse Of statutory Orol..r&ibr. is,-tantamount to drbitrary expropriation under art. 17, 2 of the -U.N.

- Declaration of Huthaitlights.

(4) Finally.thb Cornmitte, believeg that the denial of legal redress in Case?'pf expropriation Without compensation and other cases of claimsarising out Of measureA taken by the Publte • authorities, is contrary to, , ,articles8 and tflof the U.N. Declaration of Human Rights (e g. in casesof seizure, ferfoiture, reguisitions, sequestration of lodgings), -

; r ,L---1:Vg�tf4The-President of fhttairninittee on Civil and Economic Law:.

ad Dr Ekelof,

Professor of , Givartaw,and PrOtedure at the University of UPsala; Sweden

,K2 )Re sta on of the Committee on Labor taw

-The Labor La? Committee has considered the material presented to it bythe "Investigating Gronnittee of Free Jurists" as to conditions in theSoviet Zone of Germany and has heard a number of witnesses. TheCommittee is of the opinion that the following facts have been established:

,(I) The Workers do not have the right freely to choose their occupation

and, even when they are employed in jobs Which they prefer to keep,are frequently ordered, : under threat of punishment, to take jobs inmines or other industries, wheie it has been determined that their,eraPloyment would further the interests of the regime.

(2) The workers are not free to Organike trade unions of their own. Their. sole choice'Ls 'the't ei áku Saler ewer aftsbundt' (FDGB, Free'GettimiTTraele :ihnOnTedératinn)..whiCh is ;Mi.instrameni Of the ;Stater,and which is at in itaPt, • 4-:40nuine. 'trade Onion but repreSente theinterests S 4he means of ttirtidationiand- trequairinntianritCnatFicii the ihtere4ig of it mentberst- Collective,Pafiiitting,#§. iOenti.e*Mer-,.:Weles end Writhing conditions are fliedby 09•1101*.it011: dadt4:: ' : • '•

(3) A wage Siaitia tiaaherf hitraiCed which latiaseclaon production norms0)ced‘ whit-fir:11f by(IVierniaent-.cirder and Vrithat relation either toaccepted 'standards, of *r age: deteriiiiriatiOrr or to the principle of pro-

' thding tirkt4atelrifte,4*ag§. The workersftre denied: any :';voice.th4.:#1.(101,ift. in:anti:On against repeated'

increaseihri 7.4* 4,401 .hin!Ati .which Ontaian heavier and lreaviet:y/4140i.1 1§7:**0**IefaifiOrill- healtSarift welfare,are:

(A) In naticinini*.enterlizriseat WNctv.incindia all i,oc. industry,tokiitntinnti4tiOn:-0 Wó freqetitly disr4arided`to the cteirtMent

vat-th ileeaeii..1*aitlit4ii*Ititylc: • ' '

(5) Worker) urn WefluelitY/- disci:Mined for 'political reastes, d, under--extreas statutoty lanytiage, may be summarily discharged, without theright ta 1ea1-by order • of cgoverininental, comattees of inquiry orother control auibbrities.

'COMl.ttne on Labor taw: '•

Ti•Cs t Columbia rsitir'ork4 OSA -

The follow...E d resolution was moreover passed by the t-etenary Assemblyregarding the

Kidnapping of Dr. Walter Linse

The International Congress of Jurists has learned with deep emotionabout the kidnapping from West-Berlin of the member of the Investi-gating Committee of Free Jurists, lawyer Dr. Walter Li n s e • onJuly 8th, 1952. Such an offence against personal liberty violates the lawsof all nations of the world. A bunion being should only be deprived ofhis freedom according to the Law.

The Congress has learned that authorities of the Soviet Zone appearto have done nothing in order to examine the kidnapping of Dr. Linseand to call to account the responsible persons,

The ittris6s. , from 43 conntries present in „thia ,Congress a4ree -that, bytheir inactivity the authouties in the Soviet , Zone, ancl,espéciall.ttthe_Ceneral Prosecutor of the German Derhocraticr RePublic,1are suspectas accomplices in the Mime dortiniitted against Di. wallet Lir14e1"1Therefore,the CortgresS ifltènsively stresses'the opinion. that It expects

[from the coniiietetit authoritibs in the Soviet iake ' the-Thihsate' iefedseof the kidnapped lutist and that they will take" all measures to Clarify , Athis flagrant violation of law',

The opinion- ot the , International- , Congress at' Jtirits as „tegaOs the• !DeinOciafre Cermbri Republic" Ito iipee'Th&%btks of,

, the' Congress wad to threaten the delegates, co-obereterg'thid-witrieses, is

moved by MI-Riiia.ottni tRilCifsacr:atsi7p:;a.-eigot:492,14ciii4§Ft.cipli4i....and fd7., q ,,,osrpe§cs, Secretary 40 the late lyfalialing andkirnisanJrn

pasby th7 '1-

, Conv International,

Juris't'

- . •'

appçec iflqn and•''.00-0±4itt

4.46ris of Alt ip ,iite,ka- -

C9" fee\furisfs who ate working at

6117:9:::rah.tt:kill:‘..ai`r::-,:i:- 9:tterri7j:::iii,'Itt,a)sx...,,tatl--„,z—ta:11:61.:,:0Pn'.tss'eaCt:fGermany in to9btin -justice'

AP

t'!"egftni: i4iel

,,,-.=.,..P.C.Ctfet -

-;k• being Vxdialr etc

g4

12

The exile Jurists having taken part in the International Congress of Jurists,unanimously passed the following resolution about the constitution of aStanding Council of Exile Jurists:

ResolutionThe exile jurists who are taking part in the International Congress ofJurists, have decided on the constitution of a "Standing Council of exileJurists from countries behind the Iron Curtain", which Council will becomposed by leading jurists and politicians from Russia, Rumania, Bul-garia, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Poland, Albania, Czechoslovakia andKorea. It will be the task of the Council to take measures for a joint fightagainst the systematic injustice behind the Iron Curtain and in doing so tomake use of the experiences of the Investigating Committee of FreeJurists.

The President of the National Council of Czechoslovakia, former Ambassa-dor Mr. Stefan Osusky, and Dr. Theo Friedenau, Chairman of the Investi-gating Committee of Free Jurists, have been charged with the preparationsfor the constitution of an International Investigating Committee to bedeveloped from this Council of exile Jurists.

In close collaboration with the Standing Committee of the InternationalJurists Congress at The Hague, which was also constituted, the Councilhas the duty to inform the whole world about the acts of injustice com-mitted by the Soviets. By keeping in touch constantly, the leading juristsin exile from the Satellite countries will exchange their experiences, witha view to forming a common front of Law against systematic injustice andby their influence mitigating the consequences of such injustice, thusbecoming a practical aid for the population of the Soviet-dominatedterritories.