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The pium War

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Who?

The Opium war was a conf

between Britain and China

Leading people involved was

emperor, Lin Zexu, Captain E

and Queen Victoria.

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Why?

The illegal tradin

and use of opium

China!

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The Opium War Why?

- In the late 18th century,European countries developedinterest in trading withChina, but were rejected bythe Qing emperor.

- China was extremely selfsufficient and itsnationalistic culture felt

belittled other nations.

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The Opium War Why?

- Britain was determinedto find a product thatChinacould not providethemselves.

- Eventually they foundone: opium.- Opium is an addictive

narcotic made from thepoppy plant.

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The Opium W

- Chinese doctorsbeen using opiurelieve pain forcenturies.

- British mercha

began smugglindrug into the Crecreational us

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The Opium War Why?

- It took decadeon, butas man

millionpeople addictesmokin

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The Opium War Why?

- Widespread opiumaddiction angered theQing emperor.

- Lin Zexu, one of his

highest advisors wrotea letter to QueenVictoria in 1832addressing the problem.

- China received no

answer to their pleas.

By what right do

merchants] . . . usedrug to injuChinese people?

heard that the smois very strictly f

your country; that harm caused by

clearly understoonot permitted to doown country, the

should you lpassed on to the h

countrieExcerpt from Lin Zexus le

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The Opium War Why?

- Britain wanteright to sell opChina.

- It brought in lincome for thcountry.

- Eventually Briclashed with Cthe conflict kn

the Opium W

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What?

A series of battles,

taken place at sea in

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The Opium War What?

- In March of 1839, Lin Zexu traveled toCanton where he confiscated 10,000pounds of opium, and made 1,600arrests to those involved in the trade.

- He then ordered the seizure of 20,000more crates of opium from a foreign-

owned factory.- He held all foreign merchants prisoneruntil they surrendered 9 million dollarsworth of opium, which he then burnedpublicly.

- Lastly, he ordered the port of Canton

closed to all foreign merchants.

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The Opium War What?

- Britain was out- In November of

Royal Navy sanof Chinese vessGuangzhou.

- By January of 1had captured thforts and high gabove the port

- The British forc

by Captain Cha

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The Opium War What?

- The British defeated the Chinese onland at Ningbo and Chinhai.- In August of 1841, Captain Elliot

was seen as too moderate for the

British and was replaced by SirHenry Pottinger.- He launched a major offense and

soon conquered the rice producinglands of South China.

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The Opium War What?

- China had suffered a humiliating defeat.- The realized that there was no way theycould defeat Britain.

- They outdated ships were no match forBritains.

-In 1842, China signed a peace treaty called

the Treaty of Nanjing.-It gave Britain the territory of Hong Kong.- In 1844, they signed another treaty, giving

the U.S. and other countriesextraterritorial rights.

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Where?- Mostly at sea

- Many cities

throughout

China and on its

coast

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When?

The Opium War be

March of 1839 and e

August 29th 18

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The Opium War weakened China and vulnerable to the sphere of influence. The

trade continued in China and its people

resented the foreigners invading their h