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TRANSCRIPT
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Famil-v Experiences on Caring Chiltlren lvith Thalassemia
l'tr-fi 4 ulflt (Pompirnol Naka)xx
lt u lO J::tu lfli (Chonlmallafd walmanorn\rrlr'- -
arl:-ori ii'uqarn: (Saroj Suntavakom)**x*
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.. Abstraci
. . Thepurylses ofthis qualitalive researrh wi{€ to describe familv experiences on carilg childrelu ith dralassemia hlorrnanu were 22 lamily membe^ from l0 families who care the inrermedjate dra las.emiachill
:elected by puryose sampling. Data were gathered during &tober 2008 to December 2108 by in_
:::;j:--'*,*""aricipant observation and field rores rnking, Cotaizzi's method was applie.d for dnta
'.. Tle fid1ngs rcvealed that: The mearing ol lhalassemia were genetic. not curable. spleen and
tu o rhemes: I i.sl fieme. lamily managemenls which include funcrion. financial and caring managerrenLs.
5econdtiemewascarilglorchildrensdaillli\ing\eresalebodieslostrongb)"ereralmerhods,conri[uous
treaoTents and prolecl compucalions. under.*i io ,,'"n,ol "r. ".";, r":;, ;;;;;J;.inJluencing the caring consisred or I ) sociar zuppon ftr carirg chirdren &om hearrh person.. ramiJl. neighbourand teach€r" 2) to croare hopiag for chi ld's furwe. Fam ily probrems were not cle.r ro childre, diseasr andphysro-psycho probhms o I family members. Family needed hea lth persons to suppon disease and reamrentturo$redges' and rear ror suppon rire and curabre. rhis srudy iIus'aled rhJr sharing between hearrh persons
..:,and faiirty &;carilgchitdrfl car help cti Idrcn heaLhy. Thus, ir is.r."",r", ,"1.J.," *.i;;;
h€t,thy, lody shape and skin changeabls,low resista,'t. Fanrily caring could hedi\, ided into
ol carilg children wi*h thalassemia.
Keywords t family. Caring. Children r_l irh Tlalasscmra
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ruttotzr oon tn tqmdnnqaz\z dufiiu s,loo
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rotutrhvouu'ruvatu ntfltfru\l itqul vuou
nrtdir.r1,!.i''lnxt ldr:ttfi lttritdnrtasn:olnirtfi o
hin:ornirrfinn : trurdof r r u l: n' fi,,nn'o fru lllunt:4traqtn lvr'16 {Americcn Aca.leml of
Pediat c,2003)
!@i"",' Nurslng Scence Naresuar..r Unvers/ty Vo 3 No z May Algust 2009
un a r n: qt R r u u'.: h?r?nr : d'ron r rrdon {r:16'uri o rrrua'n ri qju 1u nr: i'o rir d'r nr::-rlin r:nr:fr oriorrrhr:fiyrlirrfl.rlrluriurdofl riiol#rdn!l:hursiofi aoru uarrralnddru uarrlfriurio1#fl :inirfl lrasurerdonrr asfl rnlunr:ur5-nr::-nsr 6'16'rod x,, fi usi n a t u'lti oi a u o z o ri
u t.t q {tio.t l o nnri a u... 3u o n im a tu iu'lti ri e]u
wsti wflt'l riou mtfr\i...noutiwdoait'lti'l&n t fi lin iu lt u ri o u... rst t u o n 1 ?i n iu lt u r,; a u
6oait'ltiut ltdaatwnfrlntttli'!iluou,,nr:1#r?nr:drsn r rra'or {u fi o v ri.r r.r a 1#riiuu:^nr:rfi on-:rllr'luololurinr:iaoqndoini!nrr-
finurror6'ufirr fiuaiou 1:sso.y nrir {oaoo. ;ut- s, , )ndtu l05u j :ltflr-t n r:errotinceJoiirdun:o!n:-;
riluqurinar.: firilq6aorr n*.r 1r o 1o 1u uin r: dr u
orrrdonr{u1unr:quaoqjlu:vnirqrn.Jrnq'rfi 1d':-r
nr:qrraorrrrJnfirorlrrrrur ra
z.y o:ouniat'rulna^offu'lersfia rfin'Iu n: o r o ir rir a rn fio n ua rd n tu l o qjI:.rri a u
fi:1n oalun:orn irriroarir c1u dru {orya nrr-
qrrnrdn 6'.r dr o d t$to4a"frdtantmnouogjI t t G ru u y riy... n o u n a t s tu fr lidnk w u it tiu .d na zriz natdtfruhi&otlilnnh...ui.:dn y'lflI oI {&w o t u uri I o I {# t'lti'l &ri z . . iuoztiuvuiu zrb uiadtov1u&u...ngi&t,t\f"aoondo.:ri'lnr:fi nurto.r rroufi u rrasorr{vfo(Atkin & Ahmad,2000) fi .jr nr:aullaqurr6'ruort-utri nr t-'ldir riory arir r ar r- nr:"irur a'o
m r ln r: rr^u 'flunr:,r rnr.{unn,i'rn:Lfilpio rn
n:olnfrunsumri.:6u1 6lrirurilairn;rruaur:nlunr:rrffltfl tyrrnr:quarlor:fi rJ.:u6'ra1:nrff oo
-. 43) tl^t=ouf l 't ril rioHo )nurrut dr
4-.---4 a t vl: 0 ln l5ofu uUl1,{tr llt E6lJfl DIlrfl :rr5 I d}JU)-fli Ir dt
arara^on6t'u ci:uufiourirufi rfll oar.fi rjrdoryaila tii"ldo rnn r:rlr-I ,ruo u: rri rarr oe l#fl:,runi r
:rrfiinr::sliq:ri.11 h? arfioeraqa.: ra''rer-rodr.r
A tq ltr'r rf dor6tr6t r-lrii{ I j r' au rfad tfit: u tfr
n n outu udfi lirioa lpi'hlrtudrut fififiouI I'i6,t: u ui tliflt dutu ddy riorhnrdoloy?rriuuva: eh ui uitfiu utirlifl t i nufiult o
uuuy en tl rtrdoaiuei ta l l u: ,tnntr^finuttor frfi nr r^ r6fl r25qrr lrr i r o,- ouni rfifiuqr:oofirdn 'ldiun
rr^ rriu,ruud'rudo4 nri r:a r:rffo r
n'u n t : 9r r r d un :,r r nr n rr,r,, o r o : ri'ri t t 1 fi ri rrn F u
4.rqnflr :.s:,ty ogrdoqanr:oua'loanouquafr l:lriuu
riornr:r{lurr nr:?niryl,rafi nur nr:rdufl m uay
n r:rir ,oru: oqjfrL^ liou 6 rrirni r : frb t'iaufitdlnp t: itturi: tflfi''uut sa yfrou,ttfln
d .9. +': ,warin s t rritrit: lii,ti6riteitunrttfrouluit
a, e')a t'trl%ei t ii nu tuGnriu 'tsi'lti1i'l thduut nt
9;ltuutn 1 ; )11dUdUl nuftfJHo081t1Jdu)
...ttuungt&tn#eEluau yriy...'!'irioaautuoy'ltaq 9;ngfilrtitn1vio t ... u t tfifi rl ntogifrh .ttiounp
! .i. , a eAIfll ltuIflt/1dlnu|u flt: l91l tditI dry Jul]1 dot^tiiu.Ft_.__--i-.-nqar.1luunt:11!ftfldun tlu)-uH9 r0u rut l:t6iu:e til-l-- 4 4 ,.rr,-,UtUtl.td0Uftftd0ll rt6t t11 tlfin Jt0ltnftft I tllidft J I
4t A ,i d, j-ilUU1lfl0ln lStO l!nrld0U Ir6]ll Ullfl{ tflrlI
fldu'ld 1w"ir., ro;+, dr,r6,rlu rrdu lrn16, u s+q)
2. airsnrrrm-:-rer.:ou rnnbi'r uir6n n : or-rnir
flo'r rir n*l iu cir r u drdr u nr: fi o: o unirro.:4!tflnn18 19fll,{8tUttuErld4flntl{rqnl q lld: ln
n: olni li'r'unofr,tr n rlrj'rl6uu'lt n-ur.r fr lrffo l#rfrfltuqlaIv{11dlJU:iu ! 10fl Idroll9tI{l lldr !9t:tty 4 . " " ,) ;,,I )ndu9ltl6tfxr0 dt 18 9llft In6t n -17 J JJfi )nqun J tv) r
iu atrustdt itdtln auyltai filana,l&t tsi w ru fi I o n a | &fr q n \lgy n rit n o u dt uilti'l u u
";flislltuvlt...uo ')t onullwoqntNlan I u1
d a a nl 6 uu'lqt #u u #.1 n a... it s fi t? u fi w ul 6 auia
lriiri r' 'rrnr:dnu rrtll ifi nl:rtia (zs+z) nl jrg i- i " inr-01lfl5 l1ltu!A:0rl11dgn tufl llfldtJfi J |1lltIitl
rjrtfiuournotor16noq]1u:;niu :.2 r
' raPiiJlsrdnlJtuti lu0 in: e)uflt I lunl:fir ,
Srad{titg
r. nllrnlrit-otoulisrnul:oqlolrdn
lu0l{ 1flv A s .i-
l.l c.,lorlie)ud';o rhnfr'''flrou 6o',lr;rr: 11
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stouln ni2uflflzfrlrnuwn.f/ou fiuuuufi at
ltiln s'tnna:, lidurltti r:fiat tfrnionJdt| | dq
1ZU|',tfltiOv IJnJOt Al flA10 1ftifl:]lf,vtt',llJ,4flfl[nuaau" Sn fl1: flnU l! r- 3 ?fx n 1t €11ltlfl 1o n
d qd
r t:o r{qla16nl rrr''rtdrfiu'rurooi lu :e 'me'hui , tArl:v16rvfi.r uvjr rr:orrrnolrfrfr a'rri'u1:ntraa
iriurrert n t ::',m: n{,,uto ll:n : :,1fi tlri nr^ lu-1 ,*tr',tfru Jnufr l J- ijo :lrulrd: fl rLqt] [5fl!q Jti (Prasom.ul-
Jetsrisuparp, Ratanasiri & Ratanasiri, 2007)
'i-1.2 l roil.rlj0ryd loldt.llflu lfl nlJi. i .
9llrct:flgll9lfl Inu ltu l9l:1llJtJUd Y9r0llrilu )llllIl)-
i! :cllruor r)- ia"'rrirnrirr -nwwd#h'lti'1fl^-t4'a':fluNfln fi1n|nafltuqv Iv llliJ un Noflouunuo...
fr itn io...u o nfr a,aitl.i6uun'tp1n utaos 1 us;'3
UD ltlll?6lt,t/83 ndUUnt dA lilr, Dv W l lnl u l |UUU ltd0nfl 60nnufl t:dnurlo.r fl u€i o::n.r5d (Attharos,
) ' t i -s2003) 111'{ 1t l0qlArnU',tfru l:ftrla3flt:oua5flb.rd,40d,lllu d I0I[1]U1lfl: rJ1]n5 )a0It.llr- l9l:1ln flflIl1lIda a/o c! .a
rlt0 t1tunr:qlldr9rfl 3l5I
z. qon aluo: ornY:firlltur. rqtn rvrd r r
nttiltavanlo 1 l:3fl ollfl'lu
z. t qnna"luo:ouoirfi qtnrr,l'hiu{.:u:.r
6rfi fl tynrqtnru.-'r':nra ff; nrinnrr:.rrirrrnlunr:dratA
41lnlqfl llns;dn?r[1.rt.r0urlnn flru.r:J11r l1joqfl R.r1,!
- 1i[11.lll:-l f].:nlflA11 "Zdt)XlOOUllOf,n nllu1Unnt
,i-d lU lfl d8lfi IllUlJlJ I,JtdUl.i ,dt/U i lJl6lS tlJdrjd " dd .i d, s A q olnflt l6ld Ultiu lllUUl:nli0:lluflSrJ n:J T ll1.'l
arrfr n'lun:ornfrrfr onrr:.rrniao nruinn6'lraA,!,v
n6t I m I l r1,tu9|1tuoijlxr0ud I ( vaurer & smilh, 2005)
" rdr':nt ll A@ dr'i v 'lr" itlu":r':: lui . ",:'.4
, ,,^ ^*u, @'
do e ndo.i rill n li dnur {o { d}] 1\ : o''r {': 6ol fr o (u s+r)-: , .! r,yi fl u i ln t)-oIr 6]lnfl d 0 t1'{fl ltry : ltu d IJJ l: ilry )0[1'ld0
nuloi'ld fi Nn n5 trr]rio ql nrlrto': flq rtama-n
z.z ffin$'olollornt:10{l6n luioilrn
,6nt r fi ,r?riu l: fi ., rn tr-'il :ufiriuudt tri n tn
?aru 6ifr1#n:o n:itoudnrionrrruffi nrlorrfi
1o ii"rrirncirr "nouriufiu'l& 6s nltdnvmdot
ndwI lrjfiFon ntrilnoeiurtou: l ffi tt)fifi2 .t
kiaafial :: utttl dt v!dnatiudvTJtn0tulr:
uault inu1 1a!6u6oa...frldIait'!u6tfiu| ; ta , e
t}0 tJV...Zdfl | lt8 ' nl t OetUtldt lrlvUOAt0u
r'h dnotinlt03 IJfl tnnuv n\f,ot)llft lll l9tl'lJqta
- n 1dea A ,NdiUn )d." l,jftlnfiu sI t5q t4Flll6ilnflt ]6t d I|UU
| ;4
n4JJVlU0lnl5511|r:lnl i!1.,|l1l Il09ldJnl]rnu Jnu
n r rruqjtotnto tn t:5nc ttt,t: in: tui.l ron'lou tnst
to'rr6n1d (Prasomsuk, Jetsrisuparp, Ratanasiri &
Ratanasiri ,2007)
z.l n i't riol: oun: ndouo urd nr dtldiqratcl
n : o ! fl t'rd'r 1.r tfi iu ; dn na 1'l I t9 fl t I a drylr.l I 0 3
nruquu.-rto.:I:nourirl#qtnrudr.rnro'hlrr{ lu:l6ouavmqoaroulirl#t6nrdadifl 6rrirnril "fira.t
r; ?c!41lft lWln IUU ltn At ft6l)rX tUduUlttJUllllt'iJ
n&tdnv\ifiuov\thhis nhdoaozait nhdtfl vmr.na.t...frGa\fl n#qnnatwz'ltiln'ldqtttt
' i. d"n ln1 nfluqtJ ) I I, floa 1t u uufldunl ta Na duf t )lfi uulziufr tlwta niaostfluuuut&t...nittiu
w6tiu'ldGu6oa oal oiniunududt uia
fi6 tuiiinltl fl6ifliLrtuto:n l l3 rilrl:tr6oi I
6'-:lsl:nrr6'a4rfls rilu fl o,i'afi rir l#rfiqfl rr:r na-r
innflr;a , rri 0o o'orhhi'{iuqclriiarI?nI!fl5ouni'l (Maurer & Snith,2005)
a-niJglojnmn?l t'xutm6ottavnr:mrualu
olnUnarn:qc,$1'l nr:qttd{il-:8l6nElfi'ddrfiI
r. nr:1#nrrrufr?osI:ntlavSdor:qttaYnur
:vnordrtr
@ " "o\'rs' a 6\ea'o 'r p'e,
r.r r'ruronl#f,r;oll:nr qnr.ufionnr:
:hurn:olnird'o.rnr:mr-rrl,il6nrf lul:nrrd'adrfi s
vfi qrlq rfi oldo€iri1;- fr i6nr:fnsrodri'l:rir.r6rrirnir;,io,nn,iuil sustotlnia t,itti tleai:iw6 aut'l da ti xh 6 u o y b iufr n'! n u o y'h \n u
o a t n'ld{o 4 a it El u'\il | do u t nI flfi n it d o ii o s ! tu t1 id tu'ld6 t6 tfr or,t u oz'l d'l q t iu { no t a.t
,!;nudurtt tiin fittilutiort lagj R,rnn,i'o:fiu
rai(u}utltY-tflrlLtu rtf,: fttut (Sapounlzi- Krcpia &
et al., 2006) fi rl'jrur:orfr qrraln:I:nrrd'adria;.urrlfl l:11)^ tlllJdru6trlr0 )flun t:,)unnurl6t: flt:iflc I
1l{rl: rld:n r:,llir 6urrt:'rU:rr r:'fiOfi,t: dOnr:nU
qnnnlun:olnir
r.2 d turfirJqidry dn r: quol#,rrinr olA A4 2i
ot I | 9tu9t0 tfr t: lt: l1l10udl1,{turfl u rlll: d Jn t:9r | 6l
rdndrrnrr-:-ri:smruornr: d'.: rir n rir r "#ornr:,{-
nt lu:onfl:rflu...rntt nuuu nuoy'hd EluuuSudooy'h frli6oodu iuovfioz'h th$Iivatufiuuiadosiuoydu' 6.:ql rli6+n:rllottavfl€u3 (Sapountzi Krepia & et a1.,2006) ttn rrr,ir aru fi orrn s n 1 i dfi u du u o dri [.r.i xJ r s du
9;rr nrn ar n:; dru drnrl rflordlnr:qrra16nlitbi
XJfl lC.: l0 lUnl)-qllAlOfl
t.: riesrfi 16 {o q d nr: qu.r er u ro a
urirdn nr-ornfrfi fi 16nioriourirlrndornr:1#lfi r{o anr:orraquro.rrrrir6n ia"'lrirnrirr "oatnw'lixm 6ouuu ritoti,i'h azqun uo\ti'linflotdoa
iiu n n o tn n o y'lflti n riu u&t fi Tiu o n itdt n tfruvat...#ryuuuouandtoyGouy dtfiytin tu r&t6o" uroro rn,6 n Lirarr r:0 etln nllo,l19d1lJ 1.1.1
z. r'ronr:qrra:-nur16n
z.t nr:insrrfiorl:v6'r ::n ol6?qr
n:ornfrfircirloir I;- nrrd'adrfi orflu'l:nfi hiarrur:0fnsrh?l.iracJrn'16' rio..rnr:1#rlnarn:qrnrr
:-nur :vn'r rl:sne.: hir6 niji rr nrt,dufi,: r,r-.r
Vol 3 No 2 May ALrglsl 1',1
rru1:ni lrjn:o.r r'hl,r rn'6ru' oa rno". ?/?ria r
nttinut inu t w atu taGua f,u G o ti t tntu tiuJA"dAItldtn twfi ttn td,fttp:nin- ru-ol,t tnttfrrrirflo
d, = -l 'r!u |:n fl lumoqll I:litrtfl::u dluiunt;-inutarulvqjovrilunr:inurprruornr:rrarfl or6'uhi1#
rfioRrrsu :ndou dr16'uri nr:1#ra^oo nr:l#srlirr 6n nr:n-orlr nr:l#or(imar fl3or r,2549)
z.z nrrinu fl#nrgo rnl:E n: ounr^" ,d
,l tin lr,ri rlonn rfl 'n
dou ir'l:nt r6,r6riori"u
'flu l:n fitnu rl rin rut rn 1d6'rui6 n r: i nu ri r I
fi n': rr do r n r r- 1#1n a r n r- qr n rlr rir unr 6o 1#rd n
rurlloornl:nfi n-.irirn.irr "aatnwlflthuudoA eJ'to t 4ln twsto td niuutid: otJtnttl#dni nt
Y .;.llllllll lt) 6ld0nddlnU :91UlJfl Yduqtt Jltlld.
firi r:fio4lrua (zs+s) finurnrrtfnrudo.lnrr-
trav :yarnr:aint:orrarorfi orrut:or16nl:na , d -i^lt01J 9r rrnsfl!'1.1dI1111o11150111fl:18n0nflt: flo
dornr:1#r1or:u raornl:nu orfi o
,ffornuouuclun r:ri rrannr:i6'u'hfl#
t. nr:fi nr:rirrairnr:nrra16nrrd'afirfi ui4rA0[ 1-l i]i rlUnl rrllUfl!0n61IIll.tlJlflllt r1.l0Iitfl
rrnrnarn:drnrr "l6drrlfi o fi'u6'rnr-olnirlunr:: {J ,,,
erldrqnn& l lfil9flU4fln l?{11fi1U l9l n:oUflt l
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z. n r:,i'o 1#fi n r:1#n': u 9r uin: o r n fr 16 n
rrd'a6du1un6fi nl:nrfi oo Ioanrr-6'od lurunr:aoue)"
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:tnfl]tF[ ra tflull9fr-" i . . i
L n l:Un l:flflU lrrlUlnfl )n!fl:dUn: r 9[r6ti 'A ,l .0,1,,i
lOl-r l:nl: d: IrlU -l l1'{01l I l1J | } l!n l: dulldU!n lr
ellatnntlnn:0un:'l
loflantol.to.r
r'ufiur 6ualo0. esso;). watotl auni nltquas lc'
tJfladnnluuntouflt )I uguftftd I2
si onew fi tw olo1uLJ? nta lo $oaaauavoeovai'auav#uv7unatwevnil,i
0iN1fr.-:11U1lt
11U ! u: illill.n'{ u.r u r a flr d9r:
r n r:itu6qr ritufi oin ardo
u rz rir'r a rdurg: n r.
0u9tu1 fl:u1'tu,'lulu 1113u-lurlu,
rr- r-rr- r-u 6'u'ho^or: rrasryfi ur f a^rur.rd.
(1:: rtn15). (2544).
fi1Adu$tu d1n1u?vufl n.I
flq.it14 ,{:fi ory.llul11.
olqx::iu rd fl{ri. (2548). mrdrluduffitol
n e a uai z a wo ts iu {v a $il wuavwqdnzeuntaila'u atat{tlau
.i,n a n t nn6tn1n7:Jtua tuaaadoaffaIo.
x 11 U1U 11115 U 5 rU fU r
lrflrrraffafl:rJ rf dsl f fqimurd'a
rl rirtard'a ourrriu.
16or rulgi:qa. (2s46). nr:eualoudoar-o!ni')cJt t o;,
tll1]dUgflA'l'1: 1lU'lnO 11l1udflll-:.u01lst lull: ul1l0.i d tnxJ ltlu.
2 1t d1t nals wu't u 1 afl 'I dn't
uutinst{asJ ou uiu, 3(26), 61 - 6i.
5:viord rr.rnv1.nr. (zssr). rirludtiouuay
n1 i Ng lnlatou.
d1lnul 0 24 ufl5]n 2552.
01n http://www.cueid.orycontentvied
1554/'71/.
flryor.:ri qlro?ty, i"la raqt:: rri, rrasl'lo{rir
nanaqad'U. 1r::turin'lr). (2550).
nlt'ltl1X WA1U1dnfl. n5{1 fl"4: l,'{l-'lu.
rrrdrmgrrraardni tliiflflrd'uut:a'le A"*r.1ry4 .
u::orfira rfirirfltrla. (2551). o'fra wixlodat as A
,drodlt3/6u0t. dunut 0 24 11fl: lnt]
255 l. httpJ/www. Thaisafenet.org/
article.php?act= shoe&Id:462-html.
urau nrar6. (zs+s) .onw'fl sunaunn a#uayu
n Nd I frvn'I fl fil ou fi' 2 no fl 11 1 1J g
n n miuo ryu n t t #t nu o nn e o unia
'wffitfliJafluav wqnnlxNflntdlNqrn le x -4frdt lu' n?n tn /daq.
irarfi nudrJiiyqrnarll14ff d,ir:
u1.l11l0lcl1gr u iu clr 9r'ltl0la Irumrimora''uq:rr.
qnur: no.::hri. 1zs +t1. nsdnwnziu{n1?vq nl wqnfl11Ndltdluq nlw
lAVd TA|AO lln6 l.Jd'tt aealtuu
nou als. xlrurll u5lJrtutu]
lrorrradrao:rrrfarfi qr f ,^rlri ard'u
uflri flrii'flufiea.
fflrrrd uouerviu rravris6 r.-firuurua. (zs+s).
lennou #alwdn' aaw{ nawflorlintlInv xvdl,fll,atn1lgua ol 11611 NIIq1.
:t€r{tunl:108n 31{flluldfllfl9l:
fu1, ll1UldUrry8 I 114 XJ.
qor {lll:;ad. (2s4t). ma 'nrlm,ntu ni?
uu$nnqufi udv tifitlLni.(ltU n5i 3). nEilllV{"4:'l t0 :uql':.
xrr.rnur q"l)-?.id. (2 ssu. wqfinssudua?uqtntw
w w!{lzauaune fifiifi olne dtuymnvatneonia{tlmleflvda irontT i,61r.
xllu.r1111UtlJ:i!'q'1 UrUrAfl ld9r:
nrritufr'n rior6orimara'a
rmrimard'oq:nr.
tuu lltlil: r )9xu rld&00u111{u [u frdri.
( :: i;flr:). (254e).
e"lafiningr tfiotdu . tviruuni rfi zt.
,a o1
flq.ilTTll:l{fla fll:1'lufl.
Naresuan llnversty Vo 3 No.2 N4ay-Auqirst
'lsu nl€,u0r'l:, 1119nJ1 flelufltdT:.dltud l0:fuflft9,,; ^ ",:9runnt t[ryn,:, ]Iu aflufl.t lttillllru Itne
40 .lfr d.i'luld)-11fl:. (2549). nxt qnlo{
r,! 1 srrd'dfirfioll]ityt fl'l u.
2 1 r d rt f afr ni ns ua y r}fl fl wn: ui n 1i
fafin, rs(c:),tot-zrz.
i$'€i rvrira ffi.(zs+ t). nflafifis.nEllTV{.'l: 1010d :Unn tald.
irar a5our. 1r::-rurInr:) (2549).
oint otqnnnt t. nq.:ff .r: 'ii{fiuli
llll.ilwtanflt6ufu lt ula8.
nfi r : rir'rq':: r- oi. 1z s +s1. e v r u ne trintz quaro t$gua eitl auf z an a a a 6 oa t u o t.)1ltJ lullUI1l:iUiU l11U lll l6lfll dgls
tuvrri 6er f fifli €ird'u
111.J 1-r AtnfJ t1t81JliU
fi:rfi 6ur:rluo.r'l d. 1zs+a1. wq6nn u qanm
tnyn'Itd:|tdtNq n1ll. tul.ndt:fl tu:
onYtflnt:tlrt r{.
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