les systèmes et les moyens dles systèmes et les moyens...
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Les systèmes et les moyens d’observation Les systèmes et les moyens d observation de la région Méditerranéenne
( i t )(air, terre, mer).
Stéphane Blain
OSU Banyuls/merUniversité Pierre et marie Curie
Avec le concours de G. Bergametti, F. Dulac, P. Cochonnat, V. Ducrocq
La région méditerranéenne ?
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La région méditerranéenne ?
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Coast line 46,000 km , surface 2.5 106 km2Coast line 46,000 km , surface 2.5 10 km
La région méditerranéenne ?
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KOPERNIKUS,….observing our planet for a safer word
….. formerly known as GMES (Global Monitoring for Environment and Security), is a European initiative for the implementation of Secur ty), s a European n t at ve for the mplementat on of information services dealing with environment and security
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Kopernikus is based on observation data received from Earth Observation satellites and ground based information. These data will be coordinated analysed and prepared for end users
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be coordinated, analysed and prepared for end-users. Kopernikus is built up gradually: it starts with a pilot phase
which targets the availability of a first set of operational GMES .
wh ch targets the ava lab l ty of a f rst set of operat onal GMES services by 2008 followed by the development of an extended range of services which meet user requirements.
KOPERNIKUS
EU-funded Integrated Projects developing pre-operational GMES services
GEOLAND , MERSEA,PREVIEW, GEMS, LIMES
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EU-Funded Projects supporting GMES Implementation
BOSS4GMES, HUMBOLDT –TANGOLA
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Network of Excellence supporting security applications under GMES
AND GMES
GMOSSSEA
ESA GMES Services ElementFOREST, LAND, TERRAFIRMA, RIS-EOS, RESPOND
GMFS MARCOAST POLAR VIEW MARISS PROMOTE
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GMFS MARCOAST POLAR VIEW MARISS PROMOTE
Other Projects in Support of GMES ActivitiesGIGAS, NESIS, OASIS, ORCHESTRA, OSIRIS, WIN
MERSEA
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In situ observing systemFloatsTimes series
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VesselsGliders
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Data ManagmentArgoGOSUd
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GOSUdOCEANSITESENACT/ENSEMBLEQuality control Mediterranean Sea SST as seen by the MFS 1/16° forecasting
system Quality control
EURO GOOS
What observations do we have ?What observations do we have ?What observations do we have ?What observations do we have ?
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EURO GOOS
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Overview of existing continued Overview of existing continued stations and sectionsstations and sections
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Overview of existing continued Overview of existing continued Overview of existing continued Overview of existing continued stations and sectionsstations and sections
Toute l’observation n’est pas dans KOPERNIKUSToute l’observation n’est pas dans KOPERNIKUS
AI Towards an integrated system of
Mediterranean marine observatories
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Mediterranean marine observatories La Spezia (Italy), 16 - 19 January 2008, 144 p. (234 refs).
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Mussel watch
SEA Also SESAME EUROSITESOth EUA Also SESAME, EUROSITES
EUROCEANS …..Other EUprojects
AMP, Natura 2000, CENSUS OF MARINE
KOPERNIKUS
The prototype atmospheric services of Kopernikus are currently provided by two cooperating consortia that operate A
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the PROMOTE GMES Service Element project funded by theEuropean Space AgencyA
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European Space Agency,
SEA
and the GEMS project funded by the European Commission as part of the 6th Framework Programme for Research, T h i l D l t d D t tiA Technical Development and Demonstration.
KOPERNIKUS
Global and regional Earth-system (Atmosphere) Monitoring using Satellite and in-situ data (GEMS)
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Mais aussi
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ACCENT : Atmospheric composition change the european network of excellence
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A number of research infrastructures (research aircraft, laboratory facilities advanced analyticalA
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laboratory facilities, advanced analytical instrumentation and/or monitoring stations) are currently operational in Europe for atmospheric studies. New methodologies for the investigation of atmosphericS
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New methodologies for the investigation of atmospheric mechanisms, generation of original and high quality data for modelling purposes have emphasised the need for d d f lA advanced facilities over Europe.
KOPERNIKUS PREVIEW : Fires, Windstorms, floods, lanslides, Earthquake and vulcanoes, man made
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KOPERNIKUS
Land Environmental Services operationally provideLand Environmental Services operationally provide sound, reliable and affordable land related geo-information products on the regional, European and
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global scale. LA
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By the combined analysis of data received from Earth
AND By the combined analysis of data received from Earth
Observation satellites and ground based measuring networks theses services provide wide-area and cross-b d h i d i f ti d t f
SEA boarder harmonized geo-information products for a
multitude of thematic areas, like land use / land cover change, soil sealing, water quality and availability, spatial
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change, soil sealing, water quality and availability, spatial planning, forest management, carbon storage and global food security.
KOPERNIKUS
GEOLAND Observatories
The Regional Services focus on the implementation of newly established EuropeanThe Regional Services focus on the implementation of newly established European Directives:
Nature protection observatories (ONP) addressing the HabitatsAI Nature protection observatories (ONP) addressing the Habitats
and Bird Directive, the Ramsar Convention, the Convention on Biological Diversity; Spatial Planning Observatories (OSP) addressing the European Spatial
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p g ( ) g p pDevelopment Perspective, and the European Spatial Observatory Network.
Water and Soil Observatory (OWS) addressing the Thematic Strategy for
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Soil Protection, and the Water Framework Directive; this observatory is subdivided into the thematic areas OWS-Water and OWS-Soil; S
EA The Global Services are directed towards the support of policies addressing Global Change andA The Global Services are directed towards the support of policies addressing Global Change and
Sustainable Development:
Natural carbon Fluxes Observatories addressing the UN Framework Convention on gClimate Change;
Global land Cover and Forest Change Observatory (OLF) addressing the UN Forum on Forest, and the Forest and Development Communication of the Commission, Support of Environmental Measure in Developing Countries;
KOPERNIKUS
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http://www.gmes-forest.info/pages/service_ghg.htm
KOPERNICUS PREVIEW
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Grèce
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Mais aussi
ESONET European Sea Observatory Network of Excellence
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EMSO European Multidisciplinary Seafloor Observatory (listedIn the European strategy forum on Research Infrastructure ESFRI)
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LIGURIAN SITEAND
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ET EN FRANCE ?
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LANDD
SEEA
ET EN FRANCE ?
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Services d’Observation de l’INSU
LAND Services d’Observation de l’INSUD
SE Atmosphere : 9 SOEA
Observatoires de Recherche en Environnement (ORE)
Atmosphere : 9 SO
Ocean : 5 SO
SIC : 6 SO ( )SIC : 6 SO
Terre : 8 SO
+ 2 sites nationaux d’observation
ET EN FRANCE ?
BEAM : Biophysicochimie de l'Eau Atmosphérique et Modifications anthropiques
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Modifications anthropiquesCESOA : Cycle atmosphérique du soufre en relation avec le climat aux moyennes et hautes latitudes Sud
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IR GLACIOCLIM : Les glaciers un observateur du climat
IDAF: Les glaciers un observateur du climatLAND
IDAF: Les glaciers un observateur du climat
MOZAIC : Measurements of OZone and water vapour by in-service AIrbus airCraftD
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NDSC France : Réseau d'observation des changements de la stratosphère et notamment de l'ozone
in service AIrbus airCraft
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ORA/photon : Observatoire de Recherche sur les Aérosols
PAES: Pollution Atmosphérique à l'Echelle Synoptique
RAMCES: Réseau Atmosphérique de Mesure des Composés p q pà Effet de Serre
French Observatories
OISO : Océan Indien Service d'Observation / CARbon AUStral/
SOMLIT : Service d’observation du milieu littoralAIR
SSS: Service d'observation de la salinité des océans, Sea Surface Salinity
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Surface Salinity
PIRATA : PIlot Research moored Array in the Tropical Atlantic
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SROSAME : Réseau d'Observation Sub-antarctique et Antarctique du niveau de la MEr
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MOOSE : Mediterranean Ocean Observation multi-Sites on Environment
Réseaux de surveillance de l’IFREMER
RNO, REPHY, REMI, RSL, RINBIO, surveillance malaïgue
French Observatories
AMMA-CATCH : Observatoire de la variabilité climatique Tropicale et de son impact hydrologique en Afrique de l'OuestBVET : Fonctionnement hydrogéochimique de Bassins Versants Expérimentaux en milieu
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BVET : Fonctionnement hydrogéochimique de Bassins Versants Expérimentaux en milieu granitique Tropical
H+: Réseau national de sites hydrogéologiquesLA
R H+: Réseau national de sites hydrogéologiques
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S OHMCV : Observatoire Hydro-Météorologique
HYBAM : HYdrologie et Biogéochimie de l'AMazone
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OHMCV : Observatoire Hydro Météorologique méditerranéen Cévennes-Vivarais
OSR : Observatoire régional sur les surfaces et interfacesOSR : Observatoire régional sur les surfaces et interfaces continentales
+ ….
French Observatories
Renag : Réseau national des stations GPS permanentes
SO en Géodésie Gravimétrie
AI SO sismologie
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R RAP : Réseau accélérométrique permanent
Renass: réseau national de surveillance sismiqueND
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Renass: réseau national de surveillance sismique
SEA SO magnétisme
SO volcanologie
SO magnétisme
+ site ligure de EMSO, …
QUESTIONS?
Niveau national
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Quel est le degré d’intégration air/terre/mer et air-terre-merpour les observations françaises de la région méditerranéenne
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Quel est le degré exact de l’implication des observatoires
Niveau européen
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francais pertinent pour l’observation de la région méditerranéenne dans le dispositif Européen actuel.
Quels efforts sont à fournir pour faire mieuxDSE
Quels efforts sont à fournir pour faire mieux.
en liaison avec les chantiers:di itif t il ffi t à difiE
A ce dispositif est il suffisant, à modifierà compléter dans une perspective post-chantier?
Forte Dissymétrie Europe – Afrique Moyen Orient de la densité des
Niveau pan-méditerranéen
Forte Dissymétrie Europe Afrique Moyen Orient de la densité des Observations de terrain Air Terre Mer