international service for the acquisition of agri …...africcenter, cip/ilri, po box 25171,...

IINNTTEERRNNAATTIIOONNAALL SSEERRVVIICCEE FFOORR TTHHEE AACCQQUUIISSIITTIIOONN

OOFF AAGGRRII--BBIIOOTTEECCHH AAPPPPLLIICCAATTIIOONNSS

eevvwwYYwwRR¨KK eevv‡‡qqvv‡‡UUKK//wwRRGGgg kk‡‡mm¨ii wweekk¦¦ ccwwiiww¯’’ wwZZ 22000077 EExxeeccuuttiivvee SSuummmmaarryy,, IISSAAAAAA BBrriieeff 3377

WWtt KK¬¬vvBBff ††RRggmm ((gg~~jj))

‡‡PPqqvvii,, IISSAAAAAA ccwwiiPPvvjjbbvv ††eevvWW©© KK‡‡bb©©jj wweekk¦¦wwee`¨vvjjqq,, BB__vvKKvv,, wwbbDDBBqqKK©©,, hhyy³³iivvóóªª

ccÖÖ‡‡ddmmii WWtt ††KK GGgg bbvvwwmmiiDDwwÏÏbb ((ffvvllvvšš——ii)) ccÖÖaavvbb,, eevv‡‡qqvv‡‡UUKK‡‡bbvvjjwwRR wweeffvvMM,, eevvssjjvv‡‡`kk KK……wwll wweekk¦¦wwee`¨vvjjqq,, ggqqggbbwwmmssnn

IISSAAAAAA RRvvZZxxqq mmggšš^^qqKK eevvssjjvv‡‡`kk eevv‡‡qqvv‡‡UUKK‡‡bbvvjjwwRR BBbbddii‡‡ggkkbb ††mm››UUvvii ((BBddBBIICC))

ccÖÖKKvvkkKK II ¯ZZ¡¡vvwwaaKKvviixx:: ((22000077)) IISSAAAAAA BBaannggllaaCCeennttrree,, DDeepptt.. ooff BBiiootteecchhnnoollooggyy,, BBaannggllaaddeesshh AAggrriill.. UUnniivv..,, MMyymmeennssiinngghh--22220022,, BBaannggllaaddeesshh•• Phone +8809155695-7/2560• Fax + 8809155810• [email protected] SSEEAAssiiaaCCeenntteerr,, cc//oo IIRRRRII,, DDAAPPOOBBooxx 77777777,, MMeettrroo MMaanniillaa,, PPhhiilliippppiinneess •• PPhhoonnee ++6633--22--558800--55660000 •• FFaaxx 558800--55660000 •• TTeellee--ffaaxx ++6633--4499--553366--77221166 •• RR..HHaauutteeaa@@iissaaaaaa..oorrgg AAmmeerriiCCeenntteerr,, 441177 BBrraaddffiieelldd HHaallll,, CCoorrnneellll UUnniivveerrssiittyy,, IItthhaaccaa,, NNYY 1144885533,, UUSSAA ••PPhhoonnee ++11--660077--225555 11772244 •• FFaaxx 225555 11221155 •• AAmmeerriicceenntteerr@@iissaaaaaa..oorrgg AAffrriiCCeenntteerr,, CCIIPP//IILLRRII,, PPOO BBooxx 2255117711,, NNaaiirroobbii,, KKeennyyaa •• PPhhoonnee ++225544--2200--663300 774433 eexxtt.. 33226611•• FFaaxx 663300--000055//663311--559999 •• ss..wwaakkhhuussaammaa@@ccggiiaarr..oorrgg

www.isaaa.org [email protected] www.bd-bic.org [email protected]

ISBN: 978-1-892456-42-7

I S A A AI S A A AISAAA

evwYwR¨K ev‡qv‡UK/wRGg k‡mï wek¦ cwiw¯’wZ: 2007 2

eevvwwYYwwRR¨KK eevv‡‡qqvv‡‡UUKK//wwRRGGgg kk‡‡mmïi wweekk¦¦ ccwwiiww¯’’ wwZZ 22000077 mvgÄm¨c~Y© ch©vß DcKvixZvi Rb¨ ev‡qv‡UK km¨ evwbwR¨wKKi‡bi 12Zg eQi 2006-07 mv‡jI `yB-AsK wewkó K…lKiv cÖwZ eQi †ekx †ekx ev‡qv‡UK km¨ Pvl K‡i‡Q| 2007 mvj weMZ 12 eQ‡iB we‡k¦ ev‡qv‡UK km¨ Pvlvev‡ì DaŸ©MwZ eRvq i‡q‡Q Ges G eQ‡iB Zv‡ì e„w× 12% ev 12.3 wgwjqb †n±i (30 wgwjqb GKi) hv MZ 5 eQ‡i ev‡qv‡UK k‡mï Pvlvev` e„w×i wØZxq| wk‡ívbœZ Ges Dbœqbkxj Dfq †`k¸‡jvi K…lK ev‡qv‡UK km¨ n‡Z cÖK…Z A_©‰bwZK Ges cwi‡ekMZ DcKvixZv MÖnb K‡i‡Q| `wi`ª K…lKMb Zv‡ì `vwi ªZv

~ixKiY K‡i‡Q Ges GKB mv‡_ mvgvwRK Ges gvbweK DbœwZ mvab K‡i‡Q| GKB Rv‡Zi k‡m¨G eQiwU BwZnvm m„wóKvix GRb¨ †h, Stacked Traits m¤úbœ 2/3 wU wRb _vKv‡Z GKB km¨ Rv‡Z eûwea ¸bv¸b cvIqv m¤¢e Ges †m wn‡m‡e 2006 mv‡j 117.7 wgwjqb n‡Z 2007 mv‡j 143.7 wgwjq‡b DbœxZ n‡q‡Q hv c~e©eZ©x eQi n‡Z 15% ev 26 wgwjqb †n±i †ekx| 2007 mv‡j ev‡qv‡UK km¨ Drcv`bKvix/PvlKvix †`‡ki msL¨v 21 †_‡K 23-G †cŠ‡Q‡Q Ges Gi g‡a¨ 12wU Dbœqbkxj Ges 11wU wk‡ívbœZ †`k| Pvlvev‡ì µg Abymv‡i †`k¸‡jv n‡jv- Av‡gwiKv, Av‡R©w›Ubv, eªvwRj, KvbvWv, fviZ, Pxb, c¨viv¸‡q, `w¶b Avwd«Kv, Di“¸‡q, wdwjcvBb, A‡óªwjqv, †¯úb, †gw·‡Kv, Kjw¤^qv, wPwj, d«vÝ, nÛyivR, †PK cÖRvZš¿, cZ~©Mvj, Rvg©vbx, † −vfvwKqv, †ivgvwbqv Ges †cvj¨vÛ| D‡j −L¨, Gi g‡a¨ 1g 8wU †`k 1 wgwjqb †n±‡ii †ekx GjvKvRy‡o ev‡qv‡UK km¨ Pvlvev` K‡i Ges Zviv 2007 mv‡j ev‡qv‡UK k‡mï k³ wfZ cÖ ‘Z K‡i‡Q| 2007 mv‡j ywU bZzb ev‡qv‡UK km¨ Drcv`bKvix †`‡ki g‡a¨ wPwj, exR ißvwbi Rb¨ 25,000 †n±i Rwg‡Z evwbwR¨Kfv‡e ev‡qv‡UK km¨ Pvlvev` K‡i‡Q Ges BD‡ivwcqvb BDwbqb


f~³ †`k †cvj¨vÛ cÖ_gev‡ii gZ wewU f~Æv Pvlvev` K‡i‡Q| 2007 mv‡j cÖ_gev‡ii gZ 1 wewjq‡bi 2/3 A_©vr 690 wgwjqb †n±i (1.7 wewjqb GKi) Ask AwZµg K‡i‡Q hv 1996 mv‡ji Zzjbvq 67 ¸b †ekx Ges GB e„w× BwZnv‡m `ª“ZZg km¨ cÖhyw³ MÖn‡bi GKwU Ab¨Zg NUbv| Dbœqbkxj Ges wk‡ívbœZ †`‡ki †QvU Ges eo K…l‡KiB GB D”P MÖnb nvi Øviv cÖgvwbZ nq †h, ev‡qv‡UK km¨ mvgÄm¨c~Y©fv‡e avivevwnK Dbœqb mvab K‡i‡Q Ges Zv‡`i A_©‰bwZK, cwi‡ekMZ, ¯^v ’¨MZ Ges mvgvwRK Dbœqb mvab K‡i‡Q| 2007 mv‡ji D‡j−L‡hvM¨ NUbv n‡jv, G eQiB 1g ev‡ii gZ 50 wgwjq‡bi †ekx K…lK ev‡qv‡UK km¨ MÖnb K‡i‡Q| 2007 mv‡j we‡k¦i g‡a¨ me‡P‡q †ekx ev‡qv‡UK km¨ PvlK‡i Av‡gwiKv Ges c‡i Av‡R©w›Ubv, eªvwRj, KvbvWv, fviZ Ges Pxb| Av‡gwiKv cÖvq 57.7 wgwjqb †n±i (we‡k¦ ev‡qv‡UK km¨ Avev`Kvix Rwgi g‡a¨ 50%) Rwg‡Z ev‡qv‡UK km¨ Pvl K‡i cÖ_g ¯’v‡b i‡q‡Q| ‡`kwU B_vbj Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ ev‡qv‡UK f~Æv Drcv`b 40% evwo‡q w`‡qwQj Ges Gi d‡j Lye mvgvb¨ cwigv‡b ev‡qv‡UK mqvweb Ges Zzjvi Drcv`b K‡g‡Q| D‡j−L¨, 2007 mv‡j Av‡gwiKv c„w_exi 63% ev‡qv‡UK f~Æv, 78% ev‡qv‡UK Zzjv Ges 37% †óKW (Staked) AvKv‡i Drcv`b K‡iwQj hv 2-3 wU ‰ewkó¨ m¤úbœ| G †óKW Drcv` eZ©gv‡b Av‡gwiKv, KvbvWv, wdwjcvBb, A‡óªwjqv, †gw·‡Kv, `w¶b Avwd«Kv, nÛyivm, wPwj, Kjw¤^qv Ges Av‡R©w›Ubv Pvl K‡i eûwea dj cv‡”Q, hv MZ eQ‡ii Zzjbvq A‡bK †ekx|


2007 mv‡j ev‡qv‡UK k‡m¨i wek¦ GjvKv †`k Abymv‡i (wgwjqb †n±i)| Drm: Clive James, 2007 µgvbymv‡i ‡`k GjvKv (wgwjqb †n±i) ev‡qv‡UK km¨

1* gvwK©b hy³ivó 57.7 mqvweb, f~Æv, Zzjv, K¨v‡bvjv, †¯‹vqvk, †c‡c, Avjdvjdv 2* Av‡R©w›Ubv 19.1 mqvweb, f~Æv, Zzjv 3* eªvwRj 15.0 mqvweb, Zzjv 4* KvbvWv 7.0 K¨v‡bvjv, f~Æv, mqvweb 5 fviZ 6.2 Zzjv 6 Pxb 3.8 Zzjv, U‡g‡Uv, ccjvi, wcUzwbqv, †c‡uc, wgwó gwiP 7 c¨viv¸‡q 2.6 mqvweb

8* `w¶b Avwd«Kv 1.8 f~Æv, mqvweb,Zzjv 9* Di“¸‡q 0.5 mqvweb, f~Æv

10* wdwjcvBb 0.3 f~Æv 11* A‡óªwjqv 0.1 Zzjv 12* ‡¯úb 0.1 f~Æv 13* ‡gw·‡Kv 0.1 Zzjv, mqvweb 14 Kjw¤^qv <0.1 Zzjv, Kv‡b©kb 15 wPwj <0.1 Zzjv, mqvweb, K¨v‡bvjv 16 d«vÝ <0.1 f~Æv 17 nÛyivm <0.1 f~Æv 18 ‡PK cÖRvZš¿ <0.1 f~Æv 19 cZ©~Mvj <0.1 f~Æv 20 Rvg©vbx <0.1 f~Æv 21 ‡¯ −vKvwfqv <0.1 f~Æv 22 ‡ivgvwbqv <0.1 f~Æv 23 †cvj¨vÛ <0.1 f~Æv

* 13U ev‡qv‡UK †gMv †`k 50,000 †n±i ev Gi †ewk GjvKvq ev‡qv‡UK km¨ Pvl K‡i‡Q| ev‡qv‡UK km¨ 2007 mv‡j Lye ¸i“Z¡c~Y© gvbweK gvBj‡óvb AR©b K‡i‡Q †hLv‡b cÖ_gev‡ii g‡Zv 2007 mv‡j Dbœqbkxj ‡`‡ki 10 wgwjq‡biI †ekx ¶z ª Ges m¤ú`nxb `wi ª K…lK ev‡qv‡UK km¨ n‡Z DcK…Z n‡q‡Q| 2007 mv‡j we‡k¦i †gvU 12 wgwjqb K…lK n‡jv ev‡qv‡UK K…mK (2006 mv‡j wQj 10.3 wgwjqb) hvi 90% ev 11 wgwjqb (9.3 wgwjqb wQj 2006 mv‡j) wQj Dbœqbkxj †`‡ki ¶z ª I m¤ú`nxb K…lK| evKx 1 wgwjqb wQj wk‡ívbœZ †`k KvbvWv Ges Dbœqbkxj †`k Av‡R©w›Ubvi K…lK| 2007 mv‡j, 11 wgwjqb ¶z ª K…l‡Ki g‡a¨ †ekxifvM K…lK wewU Zzjv Avev`Kvix| Gi g‡a¨ Px‡b 7.1 wgwjqb (wewU Zzjv), fvi‡Z 3.8 wgwjqb (wewU Zzjv) Ges wdwjcvB‡b 100,000 Rb (ev‡qv‡UK f~Æv), `w¶b Avwd«Kvq (ev‡qv‡UK Zzjv, f~Æv Ges mqvwe‡bi cÖvwš—K gwnjv K…lK) Ges Ab¨vb¨ 8 wU Dbœqbkxj †`kI ev‡qv‡UK km¨ Avev` K‡iwQj| 1996 n‡Z 2007 mv‡ji cÖwZeQiB we‡k¦ ev‡qv‡UK Rwgi cwigvb Dbœqbkxj †`k¸‡jv‡Z mvgÄm¨c~Y©fv‡e †e‡o‡Q| 2007 mv‡j we‡k¦ ev‡qv‡UK Rwgi cwigvb 43% †e‡o‡Q (2006 mv‡ji Zzjbvq 40% †ekx) Bnv 49.4 wgwjqb †n±‡ii mgvb| 2006 Ges 2007 mv‡ji Zzjbvq Dbœqbkxj †`‡k Gi cwigvb †ekx wQj (8.5 wgwjqb †n±i ev 21% Gi †ekx) wk‡ívbœZ †`‡ki (3.8 wgwjqb †n±i ev 6% Gi †ekx) Zzjbvq| Bnv ¯§ibxq


†h 5wU cÖavb Dbœqbkxj †`‡ki (Gwkqv: `w¶b Avwd«Kv) †gvU RbmsL¨v 2.6 wewjqb ev c„w_exi †gvU RbmsL¨vi 40% Gi g‡a¨ 1.3 wewjqb RbMY m¤ú~Y©fv‡e K…wl Kv‡Ri Dci wbf©ikxj hvi †ekxi fvMB ¶z ª Ges `wi`ª K…lK Ges MÖvg¨ m¤ú`nxb K…lK, GB 5wU †`‡ki K…lKMb ev‡qv‡UK km¨ Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ cÖwZÁve× Ges GB †`‡ki ev‡qv‡UK km¨ MÖnb Kivi Dci wfwË K‡i wek¦Ry‡o ev‡qv‡UK k‡mï ¸i“Z¡c~Y© cÖfve †dj‡e| Dc‡iv³ Av‡jvPbv †_‡K eySv hvq, GB cvuPwU Dbœqbkxj †`‡ki cÖ‡Z¨KwU wewfbœfv‡e ev‡qv‡UK km¨ n‡Z DcK…Z n‡q‡Q| fviZ fviZ eZ©gv‡b c„w_exi me©e„nZ Zzjv Drcv`bKvix †`k, †hLv‡b 60 wgwjqb †jvK Zzjvi Dci wbf©ikxj| GK mgx¶vq cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q †h, 2002 mv‡j 54,000 K…lK 50,000 †n±i Rwg‡Z wewU Zzjvi Pvl K‡iwQj| cvuP eQi ci 2007 mv‡j wewU Zzjv Pv‡li Rwgi cwigvb †e‡o n‡qwQj 6.3 wgwjqb †n±i hv 3.8 wgwjqb †QvU I m¤ú`nxb K…lKiv Pvl K‡iwQj| D‡j −L¨ †h, 10 R‡bi g‡a¨ 9 R‡biI †ekx hviv 2005 mv‡j wewU Zzjvi Pvl K‡iwQj ZvivB Avevi 2006 mv‡jI wewU Zzjvi Pvl K‡iwQj Ges GKBfv‡e 2006 Ges 2007 mv‡jI Gi d‡j K…l‡Ki AvZ¥wek¦vm wewU Zzjvi Dci †e‡o wM‡qwQj hLb Zviv Zv‡ì gvV ch©v‡q Gi m‡e©vrK…ó djvdj †c‡qwQj| Z…Zxq avivevwnK eQ‡i A_©vr 2007 mv‡j fviZ GK mgx¶vq cÖKvk K‡i‡Q †h c„w_exi Ab¨vb¨ †h‡Kvb †`‡ki Zzjbvq ev‡qv‡UK km¨ Pv‡li †¶‡Î GK AvKl©Yxq AR©b jvf K‡i‡Q hv cÖvq 63%| †`k I K…l‡Ki Rb¨ mvgÄm¨c~Y© Afvebxq Avq wewU Zzjv Pv‡li cwigvb e„w×i g~j KviY| wewU Zzjv Pv‡li d‡j djb 50 kZvsk ch©š— e„w× †c‡q‡Q, KxUbvkK eënv‡ii cwigvb A‡a©K G †b‡g G‡m‡Q, cwi‡ek I ¯^v‡¯’ï Rb¨ hv ¶wZKi bq Ges cÖwZ †n±‡i 250 Wjvi ev Zvi †ekx Avq e„w× †c‡q‡Q| hvi d‡j wewU Zzjv Pvl Zv‡ì mvgvwRK Dbœqb Gs `vwi ªZv we‡gvP‡b we‡kl Ae`vb ‡i‡L‡Q| RvZxq ch©v‡q 2006 mv‡j wewU Zzjv Pv‡li gva¨‡g K…l‡Ki Avq 840 wgwjqb Wjvi †_‡K 1.7 wewjqb Wjv‡i Ges Zzjvi Drcv`b †e‡o wØ¸b n‡qwQj| GK mgq c„w_exi g‡a¨ me‡P‡q Kg Zzjv djb wQj fvi‡Z| wewU Zzjv Drcv`‡bi ci n‡Z fviZ cÖ_g Zzjvi Avg`vbx eÜ K‡i ißvbxKviK †`k| wewU Zzjvi Afvebxq mvdj¨ †`‡L fvi‡Zi A_©gš¿x civgk© w`‡qwQ GBfv‡e †h, ÓK…wl‡Z ˆRecÖhyw³i cÖ‡qvM ¸i“Z¡c~Y©-‡h NUbv Zzjvi †¶‡Î N‡U‡Q Zv Ab¨vb¨ Lv`¨ k‡mï †ejvq NUv‡bv DwPZ| Zzjvi †ejvq †h mvdj¨ AwR©Z n‡q‡Q Zv avb, Mg, Wvj Ges ˆZjexR Drcv`‡b AvZ¥wbf©ikxj nIqvi †¶‡Î eënvi Kiv DwPZÓ| wg‡mm Av°vcvjx ivgv ‡èx AÜ cÖ‡`‡ki GKRb cÖvwš—K Pvlx †h A‡bK Kó K‡i wZb GKi (1.3 †n±i) Rwg Pvl K‡i Ges fvi‡Zi GKRb †QvU Ges m¤ú`nxb K…lK wZwb wewU Zzjv Pv‡li gva¨‡g DcK…Z n‡q‡Q| wZwb e‡j‡Qb †h, wewU Zzjv Pv‡li c~‡e© Zzjvi Drcv`b A‡bK Kg wQj Ges Avgiv cÖwZwbqZ Avw_©K ¶wZi m¤§~Lxb n‡qwQjvg| hvi d‡j Avgiv cÖPwjZ Zzjv Pvl eÜ K‡i w`‡qwQ Ges †h‡Kvb cÖ‡Póv h_vh_fv‡e cvj‡b A¶g n‡qwQjvg| wZwb AviI e‡j‡Qb †h, wewU Zzjv Pv‡li 2 eQ‡ii ci Ó‡kl ch©š— Avgiv Zzjv Pvl‡K GKwU gybvdvwfwËK Lv‡Z cwieZ©b Ki‡Z m¶g n‡qwQÓ| 2006 mv‡j fvi‡Z GKwU Rwic Pvjv‡bv n‡qwQj ‡hLv‡b 9300 Rb wewU Zzjv Pvlx I bb wewU Zzjv Pvlxi 456 Rb gwnjv Ges wkï AwaKnv‡i mvgvwRKfv‡e DcK…Z n‡q‡Q| bb wewU Zzjv Pvlx cwiev‡ii Zzjbvq| wewU Zzjv APvlx cwiev‡ii gwnjv‡ì Zzjbvq wewU Zzjv Pvlx cwiev‡ii gwnjviv cÖme c~e©Kvjxb Ae¯’vq A‡bK m‡PZb Ges evox‡Z Zv‡ì ev”Pv cÖm‡e m¶g GgbwK Zv‡ì †Q‡j‡g‡qiv D”P we`¨vj‡q covïbv K‡i| wewU Zzjv Pv‡li Mí fvi‡Z D‡j −L‡hvM¨| ivR‰bwZKmn hw` K…lK‡ì Ab¨vb¨ myweavgZ mn‡hvwMZv Kiv hvq Ges Zvi mv‡_ mv‡_ hw` wewU Zzjv Pv‡li cÖKí evov‡bv hvq Zvn‡j eZ©gvb Drcv`b 66% †_‡K 80% ev Zvi †ekx e„w× cv‡e| Gi mv‡_ mv‡_ bZzb RxecÖhyw³ `ªe¨vw` †hgb wewU †e¸b (¸i“Z¡c~Y© Lv`¨ Ges A_©‰bwZK km¨ hv w`‡q 2 j¶ †QvU Ges m¤ú`nxb K…lK DcK…Z nq) eZ©gv‡b gvV ch©v‡q Pvl Kiv n‡”Q hv A`~i fwel¨‡Z Aby‡gv`‡bi A‡c¶vq i‡q‡Q|


Pxb Pxb Zzjv Drcv`‡b c„w_exi g‡a¨ †miv hviv wewU Zzivi Pvl 1996-97 mv‡j ïi“ K‡iwQj hv fvi‡Zi Zzjbvq 6 eQi Av‡M| Px‡b eZ©gv‡b †QvU AvKv‡ii K…lKiv e¨vcKnv‡i RxecÖhyw³ km¨ MÖnb K‡i‡Q we‡kl K‡i hv c„w_exi me‡P‡q Mixe †jv‡K‡ì cÖwZwbwaZ¡ K‡i- hviv 1990 mv‡ji ïi“‡Z RxecÖhyw³i K‡Vvi mgv‡jvPbv K‡i‡Q Ges GB ai‡bi NUbv Gi Av‡M KL‡bv N‡Uwb| fvi‡Zi 9.4 wgwjqb †n±i Rwg‡Z wewU Zzjvi Pvl Kiv nq hv cÖvq wØ¸b Px‡bi Zzjbvq (Px‡b 5.5 wgwjqb †n±i RwgwZ wewU Zzjvi Pvl nq|| hwÌ fvi‡Z 2002 mv‡j wewU Zzjvi Pvl cÖPjb n‡qwQj hv Px‡bi Zzjbvq 6 eQi ci wKš‘ 2006 mv‡j fvi‡Z 0.3 wgwjqb †n±i ‡ekx Rwg‡Z wewU Zzjvi Pvl n‡qwQj Px‡bi Zzjbvq Ges 2007 mv‡j 2.4 wgwjqb †n±i Rwg‡Z| hv‡nvK, Px‡b hwÌ wewU Zzjvi Pv‡li Rwgi cwigvb LyeB Kg (M‡o 0.58 ‡n±i Rwg‡Z) fvi‡Zi Zzjbvq (1.63 †n±i Rwg‡Z) wKš‘ 2007 mv‡j Px‡b †QvU AvKv‡ii K…lKiv †ekx DcK…Z n‡qwQj hv cÖvq fvi‡Zi (3.8 wgwjqb) Zzjbvq wØ¸b (7.1 wgwjqb)| 2007 mv‡j Px‡bi 7.1 wgwjqb †QvU I f~wgnxb K…lKiv 3.8 wgwjqb †n±i Rwg‡Z (hv 2006 mv‡ji Zzjbvq †e‡o 3.5 wgwjqb †n±i n‡q‡Q) wewU Zzjvi Pvl K‡iwQj hv cÖvq Px‡bi 5.5 wgwjqb †n±i Rwg‡Z PvlK…Z mg¯— Zzjvi 69 kZvsk| hvi d‡j K…l‡Ki AvZ¥wek¦vm †h‡Kvb cÖhyw³i †P‡q G‡¶‡Î †e‡o wM‡qwQj Ges Zviv cieZ©x eQi ¸‡jv‡Z wewU Zzjv Pv‡li wm×vš— wb‡q‡Q| 2006 Ges 2007 mv‡j, wZbwU iv‡R¨ Hebei, Henan and Shandong Gi 12MÖv‡gi 240 wU ZzjvPvlx cwiev‡ii Dci GK Rwic Pvwj‡qwQj Px‡bi K…wl cÖKí †K› ª (CCAP) hv Chinese Academy of Sciences Øviv cwiPvwjZ nq| Zviv e‡j‡Q †h, GUv GKUv D‡j−L‡hvM¨ e¨vcvi †h 2006 mv‡j †h me GKK cwievi wewU Zzjv Pvl K‡iwQj Zviv AveviI 2007 mv‡j wewU Zzjv‡K Pv‡li Rb¨ wbe©vPb K‡i‡Q- hvi d‡j wZbwU iv‡R¨ 2006 Ges 2007 mv‡ji g‡a¨ wewU Zzjv Pv‡li cwigvb wQj 100 fvM| gRvi e¨vcvi n‡”Q, 240 Rb K…l‡Ki Dci Rwic Pvjv‡bvi mgq †`Lv ‡M‡Q †h, wKQy K…lK 2006 mv‡j wewU Zzjvi cvkvcvwk GKwU mvaviY Zzjvi RvZ Pvl K‡iwQj hvi d‡j GUv wbwðZ n‡q‡Q †h, K…lKiv Ávbxi gZ wewU Zzjvi Ges bb wewU Zzjvi djvdj cvkvcvwk Zzjbv Ki‡Z Pvq Zv‡ì wb‡R‡ì gv‡V Ges GKB ai‡bi NUbv N‡UwQj hLb nvBweªW f~Æv hy³iv‡óª Pvl Kiv ïi“ n‡qwQj| hy³iv‡óªi K…lKiv fvj Rv‡Zi fyÆvi cvkvcvwk nvBweªW Rv‡Zi f~Ævi Pvl K‡iwQj hZ¶b ch©š— bv Zviv cyivZb Rv‡Zi f~Ævi djvd‡ii Zzjbvq nvBweªW Rv‡Zi f~Ævq fvj djvdj †c‡q‡Q ZZ¶b ch©š—| Gi d‡j Zv‡ì nvBweªW f~Ævi RvZ MÖnb Ki‡Z K‡qK eQi mgq †j‡MwQj| CCAP GK Rwi‡ci Dci wfwË K‡i e‡j‡Q †h, Lvgvi ch©v‡q wewU Zzjvi Pvl Px‡b 9.6% e„w× †c‡q‡Q KxUbvkK eënv‡ii cwigvb 60 fvM K‡g †M‡Q| Zvi mv‡_ mv‡_ Gi GKUv fvj cÖfve i‡q‡Q cwi‡ek Ges K…lK‡ì ¯^v‡¯’i Dci Ges cÖwZ †n±‡i 220 Wjvi Avq evwo‡q †`q hv GKwU Zvrch©g~jK Ae`vb iv‡L Zv‡ì Rxeb hvc‡bi Dci Ges Zv‡ì Avq cÖwZw`b GK Wjv‡ii wKQy Kg| Niu Qingjun GKRb PvqbxR Zzjvi K…lK hvi eqm 42 eQi, weevwnZ Ges yB mš—v‡bi wcZv Ges hvi 80 fvM cwiev‡ii LiP Zzjvi Pv‡li gva¨‡g Avq nq| Zvi Lvgv‡ii †gvU AvKvi nj 0.61 †n±i Ges ZzjvB µgvMZ km¨ †hUv wZwb Drcv`b K‡ib| Nia †gv‡Ui Dci wewU Zzjv m¤ú‡K© Zvi AwfÁZvi K_v GBfv‡e e‡j‡Qb, ÓAvgiv KLbB Zzjvi Pvl KiZvgbv hw` bv GUv †cvKvgvKo cÖwZ‡ivax nZ (wewU Zzjv)| Avgiv †cvKvgvKo cÖwZ‡ivax Zzjvi Pvl Kivi Av‡M KLbB Bollworm Gi msµvgb †iva Ki‡Z cvwi bvB GgbwK 1997 mv‡j 40 evi KxUbvkK eënv‡ii gva¨‡gI bqÓ| Nia GKv 2007 mv‡j 12 evi KxUbvkK cÖ‡qvM K‡iwQj, †gvUvgywU A‡a©‡Ki gZ KxUbvkK †m eënvi K‡iwQj cÖPwjZ Zzjvi Pv‡li †¶‡Î Ges †mUv †m K‡iwQj wewU Zzjv Pvl ïi“ Kivi c~‡e©| wewU Zzjv Pv‡li Mí Px‡b mymsnZ Ges †QvU Ges f~wgnxb K…lKiv †h ev‡qv‡UK km¨ MÖnb Ki‡Q Zvi Dci A‡bK ¸i“Z¡c~b© NUbv i‡q‡Q| Pxb eZ©gv‡b GK wgwjq‡bi GK PZz_©vsk


wewU ccjvi Pvl Ki‡Q Ges 2006 mv‡j ev‡qv‡UK †cu‡c (hv mvaviYZ fvBivm cÖwZ‡ivax) Aby‡gv`‡bi gva¨‡g evwYwR¨Kfv‡e Pvl Kiv ïi“ n‡q‡Q| GB †cu‡c mvaviYZ dj/Lv`¨ km¨ wn‡m‡e eëüZ nq| GKwU PvBbxR wek¦we`¨vjq GB ai‡bi ev‡qv‡UK †cu‡c ˆZix K‡i‡Q hv cÖvq 3500 †n±i Rwg‡Z Pvl Kiv nq| GKwU fvBivm cÖwZ‡ivax wgwó gwiP Ges †`wi‡Z cv‡K Ggb U‡g‡Uvi RvZ evwYwR¨wKKi‡bi Rb¨ Aby‡gv`b †`qv n‡q‡Q| wewU Zzjvi wKQy RvZ e¨wZ‡i‡K me ev‡qv‡UK km¨ evwYwR¨wKKib Kiv n‡q‡Q Px‡b hv Px‡bi ivwóªq cÖwZôvb ˆZix K‡i‡Q miKvix Lv‡Zi A_©vq‡bi gva¨‡g| c„w_ex‡Z avb GKwU LyeB ¸i“Z¡c~Y© Lv`¨ km¨ Ges ¸i“Z¡c~Y©fv‡e GUv c„w_ex‡Z Mixe †jv‡Ki RbÏ GKwU ¸i“Z¡c~Y© Lv`¨ km¨| 2006 mv‡j Px‡b 29.3 wgwjqb †n±i avb Drcv`b K‡iwQj hv c„w_exi †gvU 150 wgwjqb †n±i Gi 20 fv‡Mi mgZ~j¨| c„w_ex‡Z cÖvq 250 wgwjqb avb Drcv`bKvix cwievi cvIqv †M‡Q hv‡ì g‡a¨ †ekxi fvMB †QvU Ges f~wgnxb K…lK| Px‡b 110 wgwjqb avb Drcv`bKvix cwievi i‡q‡Q hv M‡o cÖvq 0.27 †n±i Rwg‡Z avb Pvl K‡i Ges GB me †QvU I f~wgnxb avb Drcv`bKvix K…lKiv c„w_exi mePvB‡Z `wi ª †jv‡Ki cÖwZwbwaZ¡ K‡i| Px‡b c„w_exi mePvB‡Z eo ev‡qv‡UK avb cÖKí i‡q‡Q| Pvqbvi ev‡qv‡UK avb mywbw`©ó evjvB (Insect Borers) Ges †ivM (Bacterial Blight) cÖwZ‡ivax Ges gvV ch©v‡q cix¶vi ci Aby‡gv`‡bi Rb¨ A‡c¶gvb| PvqbxR K…wl cÖKí †K‡› ªi Dr. Jikun Huang cwigvc K‡i e‡j‡Qb †h, ev‡qv‡UK avb 2 †_‡K 6 fvM djb e„w× K‡i‡Q Ges KxPbvkK eënv‡ii cwigvb cÖvq 80 fvM A_ev 17 †KwR cÖwZ †n±‡i Kwg‡q‡Q| RvZxq ch©v‡q ev‡qv‡UK avb cÖKí cÖwZ eQi 4 wewjqb Wjvi Avq e„w× K‡i‡Q Zvi mv‡_ mv‡_ GUv cwi‡e‡ki mv‡_ eÜzZ¡c~Y© hv fwel¨‡Zi K…wl‡Z GKUv weivU Ae`vb ivL‡e Ges †QvU I f~wgnxb K…l‡Ki `vwi`ªZv `~ixKi‡Yi mnvqZv Ki‡e| GBfv‡e wewU Zzjv I ev‡qv‡UK avb Gi 2010 mvj ch©š— GKUv weivU Ae`vb _vK‡e cÖwZeQi 5 wewjqb Wjvi Avq Kivi wcQ‡b Ges GB Av‡qi Øviv Px‡bi 110 wgwjqb avb Drcv`bKvix cwievi I DcK…Z n‡e| GK cwigv‡ci gva¨‡g †`Lv †M‡Q †h, Pxb ev‡qv‡UK Zzjvi gva¨‡g Lvgv‡ii Avq 5.8 wewjqb Wjv‡i DbœxZ K‡i‡Q 1993 †_‡K 2006 mvj ch©š— Ges 2006 mv‡j GKK Avq Gi cwigvb 817 wgwjqb BD.Gm. Wjvi cwigvc Kiv n‡q‡Q| Px‡bi cÖKí ˆZixKvixiv †`L‡Z †c‡q‡Q †h, K…wl Rxe cÖhyw³ nj GKUv †KŠkjMZ Dcv`vb hv Drcv`b e„w×, DbœZ RvZxq Lv`¨ wbivcËv Ges Avš—R©vwZK evRv‡i Gi cÖwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK Ae ’vb wbwðZ K‡i| Pxb AvKvsLv cÖKvk K‡i‡Q †h, A ~i fwel¨‡Z hviv ev‡qv‡UK‡bvjwRi †bZ…Z¡ w`‡e (hwÌ G e¨vcv‡i Kg cwigvb mskq i‡q‡Q)| hwÌ Px‡bi cÖKí ˆZixKvixiv GB K_v e‡j Dcmsnvi †U‡b‡Qb †h, Lv`¨, cïLv`¨ Ges Avuk RvZxq Lv‡`ï Avg`vbxK…Z cÖhyw³i Dci †h wbf©ikxjZv Zv‡Z AMÖnb‡hvM¨ SzuwK _vK‡Z cv‡i| Px‡bi A‡bK miKvix cÖwZôvb i‡q‡Q Ges nvRvi nvRvi M‡elKiv km¨ RxecÖhywË‡Z M‡elYviZ Ges GK WR‡biI †ekx ev‡qv‡UK km¨ gvV ch©v‡q cix¶viZ hvi g‡a¨ wZbwU cÖavb Lv`¨km¨ i‡q‡Q: avb, f~Æv Ges Mg GQvovI Zzjv, Avjy, U‡g‡Uv, mqvweb , K¨v‡eR, wcbvU, †gjb, †cu‡c, wgwó gwiP, gwiP, i¨vcmxW Ges ZvgvK M‡elYvi wewfbœ ch©v‡q i‡q‡Q| Av‡R©w›Ubv Av‡R©w›Ubv 6 wUi g‡a¨ 1wU cÖwZôvZv ev‡qv‡UK km¨ Drcv`bKvix †`k hviv RR® mqvweb Ges wewU Zzjvi evwYwR¨wKKib K‡iwQj 1996 mv‡j †hUv we‡k¦ ev‡qv‡UK k‡mï evwYwR¨wKKi‡bi cÖ_g eQi| Av‡R©w›Ubv eZ©gv‡b ev‡qv‡UK km¨ Pv‡l we‡k¦ wØZxq ’v‡b Ae¯’vb Ki‡Q hviv 2007 mv‡j 19.1 wgwjqb †n±i Rwg‡Z ev‡qv‡UK km¨ Pvl K‡i‡Q hv‡Z we‡k¦i 19 fvM ev‡qv‡UK km¨ ¯’vb †c‡q‡Q| 2007 mv‡j Ab¨vb¨ eQ‡ii we‡kl K‡i 2006 mv‡ji Zzjbvq ev‡qv‡UK km¨ Pvl e„w× †c‡q‡Q 6 fv‡Mi mgZyj¨| 2007-08 mv‡j Av‡R©w›Ubvq †h


19.1 wgwjqb †n±i Rwg‡Z ev‡qv‡UK km¨ Pvl Kiv n‡qwQj Zvi g‡a¨ 16 wgwjqb †n±i Rwg‡Z ev‡qv‡UK mqvweb, 2.8 wgwjqb †n±i Rwg‡Z ev‡qv‡UK f~Æv Ges cÖvq 400,000 †n±i Rwg‡Z ev‡qv‡UK Zzjvi Pvl n‡qwQj| Av‡R©w›Ubvi Lvgvi ¸‡jv eo hv fviZ ev Pxb Gi gZ bq Ges hviv GKwU eo km¨ Ges ‡ZjexR ißvwbKviK †`k| eZ©gv‡b GKwU Rwi‡ci gva¨‡g †`Lv †M‡Q †h, Av‡R©w›Ubvq ev‡qv‡UK km¨ we‡kl K‡i RR®

mqvweb K…l‡Ki Avq Zvrch©c~Y©fv‡e evwo‡q w`‡q‡Q cÖvq 20 wewjqb BD.Gm. Wjvi hv 1996 mvj †_‡K 2005 mvj ch©š— cwigvc Kiv n‡q‡Q, hvi d‡j A‡bK bZzb PvKwii my‡hvM m„wó n‡q‡Q, GUv †fv³vi mqvweb †hvMv‡bi cwigvb evwo‡q‡Q Ges cwi‡ek Zvrch©c~Y©fv‡e DcK…Z n‡q‡Q| Gi d‡j g„wËKvi Av ª©Zv i¶v Kiv m¤¢e n‡q‡Q| hvi d‡j eQ‡i yB evi wewU mqvweb Pvl Kiv m¤¢e n‡q‡Q (Trigo, 2006)| ev‡qv‡UK km¨ Av‡R©w›Ubvq `ª“Z MÖn‡bi wcQ‡b †h Kvib¸‡jv i‡q‡Q Zv nj- mycÖwZwôZ exR KviLvbv, GKwU wbqš¿YKvix eë¯’v hv GKwU `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡i mgqgZ Ges Kg LiP eë ’vi gva¨‡g ev‡qv‡UK km¨ Aby‡gv`b Ges GKwU cÖhyw³ hvi Dci Av ’v ivLv hvh| Av‡R©w›Ubv 1996 mvj †_‡K 2005 mvj ch©š— ev‡qv‡UK km¨ Pv‡l †h mivmwi DcK…Z n‡qwQj Zvi cwigvc wb‡æ †`qv nj- AvMvQvbvkK cÖwZ‡ivax mqvweb Pv‡l 1996 †_‡K 2005 mvj ch©š— 19.7 wewjqb BD.Gm. Wjvi Avq n‡q‡Q; ‡cvKvgvKo cÖwZ‡ivax f~Æv Pv‡l 1998 †_‡K 2005 mvj ch©š— 482 wgwjqb BD.Gm. Wjvi Avq n‡h‡Q Ges †cvKvgvKo cÖwZ‡ivax Zzjv Pv‡l 1998 †_‡K 2005 ch©š— 20.2 wgwjqb BD.Gm. Wjvi Avq n‡q‡Q| ev‡qv‡UK km¨ Av‡R©w›Ubvi Rb¨ eûg~Lx Ges Zvrch©g~jK DcKvixZv e‡q G‡b‡Q evwYwR¨wKKi‡bi cÖ_g hy‡M| eZ©gv‡b Av‡R©w›Ubvi Rb¨ eo P¨v‡jÄ nj 2006 †_‡K 2015 mvj ch©š— Zv‡ì wØZxq ev‡qv‡UK hy‡M eZ©gvb wØZxq Ae ’vb a‡i ivLv| Gi mv‡_B Zviv wewfbœ †`‡ki mv‡_ cÖwZ‡hvwMZvq wU‡K _vK‡Z cvi‡e hviv ev‡qv‡UK k‡mï evwYwR¨wKKi‡bi cÖ_g hy‡M wVKfv‡e AskMÖnb K‡i bvB| eªvwRj eªvwR‡j eo Lvgvi Ges †QvU I f~wgnxb K…lK DfqB i‡q‡Q we‡kl K‡i †`‡ki DËi-c~e© As‡k Ges eZ©gvb cÖkvmb MÖvgxb GjvKvq `vwi`ªZv we‡gvP‡b eo AvKv‡ii cÖvavb¨ w`‡q Avm‡Q| 2007 mvj ch©š—we‡k¦ ev‡qv‡UK km¨ Drcv`bKvix †`k wn‡m‡e Zv‡ì Z…Zxq Ae ’vb a‡i †i‡L‡Q| eªvwR‡j 15.0 wgwjqb †n±i Rwg‡Z ev‡qv‡UK k‡mï Pvl nq hvi g‡a¨ 14.5 wgwjqb †n±i Rwg‡Z RR® mqvweb Pvl Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges 500,000 †n±i Rwg‡Z wØZxqev‡ii gZ GKK wRb wewU Zzjv Pvl Kiv n‡q‡Q 2007 mv‡j| 2006 mv‡ji Zzjbvq (11.5 wgwjqb †n±i) 2007 mv‡j (15.0 wgwjqb †n±i) 30 fvM ev‡qv‡UK k‡mï Pvl e„w× n‡qwQj hv c„w_exi g‡a¨ wØZxq Ges fvi‡Zi c‡iB hv‡ì Ae¯’vb| 2007 mv‡j 3.5 wgwjqb †n±i Rwg e„w× †c‡q‡Q hv Ab¨vb¨ ev‡qv‡UK km¨ Drcv`bKvix †`‡ki Zzjbvq m‡e©v”P| eªvwRj eZ©gv‡b mqvweb Drcv`‡bi †¶‡Î wØZxq hv‡ì Ae¯’vb Av‡gwiKvi c‡iB Ges Zviv Avkv cÖKvk K‡i‡Q †h A`~i fwel¨‡Z Zviv cÖ_g ¯’vb `Lj Ki‡e| 2007 mv‡j hy³iv‡óªi Zzjbvq eªvwRj †n±i cÖwZ PvlK…Z mqvwe‡bi eëav‡bi cwigvb A‡bKvs‡k Kwg‡q G‡b‡Q| eªvwRj f~Æv Drcv`‡b we‡k¦ Z…Zxq Ae¯’vbKvix †`k Ges cÖ_g ev‡qv‡UK f~Ævi RvZ QvocÎ †c‡q‡Q GgbwK Avkv Kiv hv‡”Q †h, 2008-09 mv‡j Pv‡li Rb¨ P~ovš—fv‡e Aby‡gv`b cv‡e| eªvwRj Zzjv Drcv`‡b we‡k¦ 6ô, avb Drcv`‡b we‡k¦ `kg (3.7 wgwjqb †n±i) Ges Gwkqvi evB‡i ZvivB GKgvÎ eo avb Drcv`bKvix †`k| eªvwRj AvL Drcv`‡b we‡k¦ kx‡l© Ae¯’vb Ki‡Q hviv 6.2 wgwjqb †n±‡i Av‡Li Rwgi cÖvq A‡a©KfvM Zviv eënvi K‡i wPwb Drcv`‡b Ges evKx A‡a©K Zviv eënvi K‡i ev‡qvdz‡q‡ji Rb¨ B_vbj Drcv`‡b| Av‡gwiKvi c‡i 2007 mv‡j eªvwRj B_vbj Drcv`‡b wØZxq ’v‡b i‡q‡Q| wKQy †`‡ki g‡a¨ eªvwRjB GKgvÎ


†`k hviv dwmj dz‡qj Ges ev‡qvdz‡qj Drcv`‡b ¯^vej¤^x| hvi d‡j Zviv eZ©gv‡b GB Lv‡Z †bZ…‡Z¡i f~wgKvq i‡q‡Q| GLb ch©š— ev‡qv‡UK km¨ eªvwR‡j ïay Kivi mgq bvbv ai‡bi mgm¨vi m¤§~Lxb n‡Z n‡q‡Q hvi wcQ‡b g~j KviY nj AvBbMZ Ges cÖkvmwbK Av‡`k †h¸‡jv ev‡qv‡UK km¨ Aby‡gv`‡b A‡bK Aš—ivq n‡q _v‡K| Dr. Anderson Galvao Gomes 2007 mv‡j GK cix¶vi gva¨‡g e‡j‡Qb †h, ev‡qv‡UK km¨ †ìx‡Z Aby‡gv`‡bi Rb¨ K…l‡Ki Avq A‡bKUv K‡g hvq Kvib GUv GKUv RwUj Aby‡gv`b eë¯’vi gva¨‡g Av‡m| we‡kl K‡i Ab¨vb¨ AvMÖnx `‡ji mv‡_ AvBbMZ cÖwZ‡hvwMZvi m¤§~Lxb n‡Z nq hvi mv‡_ miKv‡ii gš¿xiv ch©š— RwoZ| cÖwZ‡ekx †`k Av‡R©w›Ubv `ª“Z nv‡i RR® mqvweb MÖnb K‡i‡Q eªvwR‡ji Zzjbvq, hvi d‡j †ìx‡Z RR® mqvweb Aby‡gv`‡bi Rb¨ eªvwR‡ji 1998 †_‡K 2006 mvj ch©š— 3.10 wewjqb Wjvi †ekx LiP n‡q‡Q| K…l‡Ki Ges cÖhyw³i DbœqbKvixi wcQ‡b AwZwi³ LiP Ki‡Z n‡q‡Q 1.41 wewjqb Wjvi| hvi d‡j †gvU 4.51 wewjqb Wjvi Avq K‡g‡Q| †gvU m¤¢ve¨ Avq K…lK Ges cÖhyw³ DbœqbKvixi Df‡qi Rb¨ 1998 †_‡K 2006 mvj ch©š— wQj 6.6 wewjqb Wjvi hvi g‡a¨ gvÎ 2.09 wewjqb Wjvi 31 fv‡Mi mgZ~j¨ wQj GUv Zviv eyS‡Z m¶g n‡qwQj| GBfv‡e 4.51 wewjqb Wjvi Zv‡ì ¶wZ n‡qwQj AvBbMZ †`wii Kvi‡b hv RvwZ wn‡m‡e eªvwR‡ji Rb¨ GKUv weivU ¶wZ Ges K…lKivB wQj GB ¶wZi me‡P‡q eo f~³‡fvMx| hv‡nvK, eZ©gvb cÖkvmb cÖwZÁveÜ n‡q‡Q Ges e‡j‡Q †h eZ©gv‡b Zv‡ì †gvU g~jab cÖvq 10 wewjqb Gi KvQvKvwQ hv cÖvq 7 wewjqb Wjv‡ii mgZ~j¨ (60 fvM miKvix + 40 fvM †emiKvix) Ges cieZ©x `k eQ‡ii Rb¨ Zv 700 wgwjqb Wjv‡ii AvbycvwZK| eZ©gv‡b eªvwRj miKvi k³ ivR‰bwZK B”Qv Ges mn‡hvwMZv cÖ k©b Ki‡Q RxecÖhyw³i Rb¨| eZ©gv‡b GKwU D‡j−L‡hvM¨ Ask 7 wewjqb Wjvi ev‡qvdz‡qj Ges K…wli Rb¨ eivÏ †`qv n‡q‡Q| 2007 mv‡ji b‡f¤^‡i eªvwR‡ji ‡cÖwm‡W›U Luis Inacio Lula da Silva †Nvlbv w`‡q‡Q †h, GB Lv‡Z AviI 23 wewjqb Wjvi eivÏ †`qvi, hvi †gqv` n‡e Pvi eQ‡ii Rb¨| GB UvKv ÓweÁvb, cÖhyw³ Ges D™¢veb Kv‡Ri cwiKíbvqÓ e¨vq Kiv n‡e| PviwU cwiKíbvi GKwU nj M‡elYv Ges D™¢veb‡K mn‡hvwMZv Kiv †KŠkjMZ GjvKvq we‡kl K‡i RxecÖhyw³, ev‡qv‡dz‡qj Ges Rxe‰ewPÎ‡K| GUv ®ú÷ cÖZxqgvb †h, fviZ I Pxb Gi gZ eªvwR‡j RxecÖhyw³i cÖmv‡i miKv‡ii GKwU fvj m¤§wZ i‡q‡Q| eªvwR‡ji ZwiKv, fviZ Ges Pxb Gi K…wl RxecÖhyw³i Dci GKUv eo Pvc i‡q‡Q hv w`‡Z cv‡i cÖPzi ªe¨vw` Ges gvbexq DcKvixZv| ZwiKvÕi ivR‰bwZK B”Qv cÖ‡qvRb †QvU `j¸‡jv‡K GKmv‡_ cÖwZwôZ Kivi Rb¨ hviv GK mv‡_ KvR Ki‡e wek¦ mgvR‡K mymgw¾Z Kivi Rb¨ Ges ev‡qv‡UK km¨ 2015 mv‡ji g‡a¨ `vwi ªZv Ges f~wgnxb K…l‡Ki ¶zav `~ixKi‡b we‡kl Ae`vb ivL‡e| mvivs‡k GUv ejv hvq †h, eªvwRj fwel¨Z GKwU eo ev‡qv‡UK km¨ MÖnbKvix †`k wn‡m‡e we‡k¦ ‡bZ…Z¡ w`‡e, hvi mv‡_ mv‡_ †n±i cÖwZ RR® mqvweb Pvl avivevwnKfv‡e e„w× cv‡e| wewU Zzjvi ª“Z e„w×i d‡j GUv AvMvQvbvkK cÖwZ‡iv‡a cwic~iK| 2008 mv‡ji w`‡K 13 wgwjqb †n±i f~Æv Pv‡li ch©vß my‡hvM i‡q‡Q| eªvwR‡ji Rb¨ 3.7 wgwjqb †n±i Rwg‡Z avb Pv‡li bZzb m¤¢vebv i‡q‡Q Ges Zvi mv‡_ mv‡_ ev‡qv‡UK AvL Pv‡li ch©vß m¤¢vebv i‡q‡Q Kvib Zv‡K we‡k¦i Ab¨Zg †bZ…Z¡ `vbKvix Ges ißvbxKviK ev‡qv-B_vbj Drcv`bKvix †`k wn‡m‡e we‡ePbv Kiv nq| `w¶b Avwd«Kv Avwd«Kv gnv‡`‡ki `w¶b Avwd«Kv GKgvÎ †`k evwYwR¨Kfv‡e ev‡qv‡UK km¨ Drcv`b K‡i| 2007 mv‡j GB †`k 1.8 wgwjqb ‡n±i GjvKvq ev‡qv‡UK km¨ Drcv`b K‡i 8g ’vb `Lj K‡i‡Q hv 2006 mv‡ji (1.4 wgwjqb †n±i) Zzjbvq 30% †ewk| 1998 mv‡j `w¶b Avwd«Kv cÖ_g ev‡qv‡UK km¨ Pvl K‡iwQj Ges eZ©gv‡b


G †`kwU ev‡qv‡UK f~Æv, Zzjv Ges mqvweb Pvl Ki‡Q Ges cÖwZeQi PvlK…Z Rwgi cwigvb evo‡Q| 2007 mv‡j ev‡qv‡UK f~Æv Pvl me‡P‡q †ekx †e‡o‡Q D‡j −L¨ Zvi †ekxi fvMB nj mv`v f~Æv, hv eZ©gv‡b 1.7 wgwjqb †n±i (†gvU Avev`x f~Ævi 2/3 Ask)| ¶z ª Ges e„nr Dfq K…lKiv ev‡qv‡UK km¨ Pvl K‡i Zv‡ì wek¦vm Ges AvZ¥wek¦vm AR©b K‡i‡Q| Kwa Zulu Natal AÂ‡j cÖvwš—K gwnjv Pvlxiv cÖavbZ wewU Zzjv Pvl K‡i| GB AÂ‡ji GKRb gwnjv Philiswe Mdletshe wewU Zzjvi Drcv`b cÖwZ †n±‡i 3-8 ‡ejm evwo‡qwQj Ges Zvi Drcv`b LiP ev‡` Avq n‡qwQj 37,400 i¨vÛ (5,730 Wjvi)| bb wewU Zzjvi Zzjbvq wewU Zzjv Pvl K‡i cÖwZ †gŠmy‡g †m KxUbvk‡Ki eënvi 10 ¸b ch©š— Kwg‡qwQj Ges 1000 wjUvi cvwbi LiP evwP‡qwQj| †m MZ 5 eQi hver wewU Zzjv Pvl K‡i Avm‡Q| 120 Rb cÖMwZkxj AvMÖnx `wi ª K…lK Zv‡ì Rwg‡Z Z_vKw_Z f~Ævi cwie‡Z© wewU f~Æv Pvl K‡i Zviv Drcv`b 133% ch©š— evwo‡q‡Q| †óK †evivi (hvnv 60%^ km¨ bó K‡i) Gi Avµgb Kgv‡bvi gva¨‡g wewU f~Ævi Drcv`b cÖwZ †n±‡i 1.5-3.5 Ub evwo‡q‡Q| Xhosa fvlvq wewU fyÆv‡K ejv nj “iyasihluthisa” hv Avgv‡ì cvK ’wj cwic~Y© K‡i| Mdutstiare e‡j‡Q cÖ_gev‡iigZ wewU f~Æv n‡Z Zviv Zv‡ì Lvev‡ii Rb¨ cÖPzi Lv`¨ km¨ Drcv`b K‡i| Hlabisa †Rjvi K…lK mwgwZi †Pqvicvm©b e‡j‡Q, 250 Rb cÖvwš—K Pvlx/K…lK cÖ_g 2002 mv‡j Zv‡ì Aí Rwg‡Z (Mo 2.5 †n±i) wewU f~Æv Pvl Avi¤¢ K‡iwQj| Zv‡ì Drcv`b †e‡owQj 25% ch©š— Ges Zviv eovwZ Avq K‡iwQj 2,000 †iÛ (300 Wjvi)| Zv‡ì g‡a¨ wKQy K…lK Drcv`b evwo‡qwQj 40% ch©š—| Zv‡ì mevB wQj †QvU †`vKvb`vi, `wR© Ges mewR Drcv`bKvix| `w¶b Avwd«Kv ev‡qv‡UK km¨ Drcv`‡bi e¨vcv‡i cÖhyw³ Av`vb cÖ`v‡b ¸i“Z¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb K‡i Avm‡Q| ISAAA Gi c„ô‡cvlKZvq BwZg‡a¨ `w¶b Avwd«Kvi Ab¨vb¨ †`k¸‡jvi g‡a¨ cÖhyw³ Av`vb-cÖ`vb ïi“ K‡i‡Q Ges gvbe m¤ú` Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ wewfbœ ai‡bi cÖK‡íi eë ’v K‡i Avm‡Q| `w¶b Avwd«Kv, Avwd«Kv gnv‡`‡ki Ab¨vb¨ †`k Ges ev‡qv‡UK †`k †hgb Pxb I fviZ (Gwkqv) Ges Av‡R©w›Ubv I eªvwRj (j¨vwUb Av‡gwiKv) Gi mv‡_ ev‡qv‡UK km¨ Drcv`b cÖhyw³ Zv‡ì AwfÁZv wb‡q GK‡Î KvR Ki‡Q| km¨ cÖhyw³ wb‡q GK‡Î KvR Kivi Rb¨ fviZ, eªvwRj Ges `w¶b Avwd«Kvi miKvi wg‡j GKwU j¶ wba©viY K‡i‡Q| ev‡qv‡UK km¨ Drcv`b Lye ZvovZvwo e„w× Kivi Rb¨ H †`k¸‡jv GK m„wókxj eë¯’vcbv K‡i‡Q| `w¶b Avwd«Kv 1998 n‡Z 2006 mvj ch©š— ev‡qv‡UK f~Æv, mqvweb Ges Zzjv Pvl K‡i 156 wgwjqb Wjvi Avq K‡i‡Q Ges ïay 2006 mv‡j Avq wQj 67 wgwjqb gvwK©b Wjvi| 2007 mv‡j ev‡qv‡UK km¨ Drcv`b/PvlKvix †`‡ki msL¨v 23 G e„w× †c‡q‡Q| bZzb †`k †cvj¨vÛ, 1g ev‡ii gZ wewU f~Æv Pvl K‡i‡Q Ges GB †`k wb‡q BD‡ivwcqvb BDwbqb Gi †`k 27 Gi g‡a¨ 8 wU †`k GLb ev‡qv‡UK km¨ Pvl Ki‡Q (msL¨v 2006 mv‡j wQj 6wU)| 2007 mv‡j, 70,000 †n±i Rwg Pvl K‡i †¯úb BD‡iv‡ci g‡a¨ 1g ¯’vb `Lb K‡i‡Q, G †`‡ki MÖnb nvi 21% Ges 2006 mv‡j Zzjbvq hv 40% †ekx| Ab¨vb¨ 7wU †`‡k (d«vÝ, †PK cÖRvZš¿, cZ~©Mvj, Rvg©vbx, † −vfvwKqv, †ivgvwbqv Ges †cvj¨vÛ) wewU f~Æv Pv‡li Rwg 4 ¸b e„w× †c‡q‡Q hvi cwigvb 2006 mv‡j wQj cÖvq 8,700 †n±i Ges 2007 mv‡j †e‡o `vwo‡q‡Q 35,700 †n±i| G wb‡q BD‡ivwcqvb BDwbq‡bi †`k¸‡jv‡Z me©‡gvU wewU f~Ævi Avev`x Rwgi cwigvb 100,000 †n±i AwZµg K‡i‡Q| D‡j −L¨ †h, we‡k¦i 6.5 wgwjqb RbmsL¨vi g‡a¨ A‡a©‡KiI †ekx (55% ev 3.6 wewjqb) †jvK 23wU †`‡k evm K‡i, †hLv‡b 2007 mv‡j ev‡qv‡UK km¨ Pvl Ki nq ‡hLv‡b mvaviYfv‡e cÖPzi †jvK D‡j−L‡hvM¨fv‡e jvfevb Kg nq A_P ev‡qv‡UK dmj K‡i Zviv 7 wewjqb gvwK©b Wjvi Avq K‡i‡Q| ZvQvovI we‡k¦i 1.5 wewjqb †n±i dmjx Rwgi g‡a¨ cÖvq A‡a©‡KiI †ekx 52% ev 776 wgwjqb †n±i Rwg G 23wU †`‡ki g‡a¨ mxgve× †hLv‡b 2007 mv‡j ev‡qv‡UK km¨ Pvl Kiv nq| 2007 mv‡j 114.3 wgwjqb †n±i Rwg‡Z ev‡qv‡UK km¨ Pvl Kiv n‡q‡Q hv 1.5 wewjq‡bi g‡a¨ 8%|


2007 mv‡j ev‡qv‡UK mqvweb‡K cÖavb ev‡qv‡UK km¨ wn‡m‡e aiv nq| we‡k¦ ev‡qv‡UK km¨ PvlKvix Rwgi g‡a¨ 58.6 wgwjqb †n±‡i (we‡k¦ ev‡qv‡UK Rwgi 57%) mqvweb, 35.2 wgwjqb ‡n±‡i (we‡k¦ ev‡qv‡UK Rwgi 25%) f~Æv, 15.0 wgwjqb †n±‡i (we‡k¦ ev‡qv‡UK Rwgi 13%) Zzjv Ges 5.5 wgwjqb †n±‡i (we‡k¦ ev‡qv‡UK Rwgi 5%) K¨v‡bvjv Pvl Kiv nq| 1996 mvj †_‡K 2007 ch©š— ev‡qv‡UK km¨ evwYwR¨Ki‡Yi AvMvQvbvkK mwnòz êwkó¨ cÖavb wn‡m‡e we‡ePbv Kiv nq| Gi ci KxUcÖwZ‡ivax I †óKW wRb‡K we‡ePbv Kiv nq| 2007 mv‡j 114.3 wgwjqb ‡n±‡ii g‡a¨ 63% ev 72.2 wgwjqb †n±‡i AvMvQv mwnòz mqvweb, f~Æv, K¨v‡bvjv, Zzjv I Avjdv-Avjdv Pvl Kiv nq| 1g ev‡i gZ 2007 mv‡j e„nrfv‡e 21.8 wgwjqb †n±‡i (we‡k¦ ev‡qv‡UK Rwgi 19%) 2/3 êwkó¨hy³ †óKW km¨ Ges 20.3 wgwjqb †n±‡i (we‡k¦ ev‡qv‡UK Rwgi 18%) KxU cÖwZ‡ivax RvZ Pvl Kiv nq| 2006 I 2007 mv‡ji g‡a¨ †óKW Drcv` wQj 66%, KxU cÖwZ‡ivax 7% Ges AvMvQvbvkK mwnòz wQj 3%| cÖ_g 12 eQ‡i, we‡k¦ µg‡hvwRZ ev‡qv‡UK Rwgi cwigvb wQj 690.9 wgwjqb †n±i ev 1.7 wewjqb GKi, hv Av‡gwiKv ev Px‡bi †gvU AvqZ‡bi cÖvq 70% A_ev hy³iv‡Rï †gvU AvqZ‡bi 30 ¸b Ges Bnv 1g ev‡ii gZ we‡k¦ †gvU Avev`x Rwgi 2/3 Ask AwZµg K‡i‡Q| ev‡qv‡UK k‡mï AwaK MÖnb †_‡K cÖwZdwjZ nq †h, K…l‡Kiv G †_‡K †ekx DcK…Z nq| Gme k‡mï eë ’vcbv mnR I myweavRbK, Drcv`b LiP Kg, AwaK Drcv`b Ges †n±i cÖwZ Avq †ekx, ¯^v‡ ’ï Rb¨ fvj Ges Avc`bvkK eënvi bv K‡i dmj Drcv`b m¤¢e| wk‡ívbœZ Ges Dbœhbkxj †`‡k †QvU I eo K…lK, †fv³v Ges mgvR mevB G †_‡K DcK…Z n‡”Q| 1996 †_‡K 2006 mv‡j we‡k¦ ev‡qv‡UK k‡mï mv¤cÖwZK GK Rwic †_‡K †`Lv hvq †h, 2006 mv‡j ev‡qv‡UK km¨ PvlKvix K…lK‡ì Kv‡Q we‡k¦i cÖK…Z A_©‰bwZK jvf wQj 7.0 wewjqb gvwK©b Zjvi Ges 1996 †_‡K 2006 ch©š— µg‡hvwRZ jvf wQj 34 wewjqb gvwK©b Wjvi (Dbœqbkxj †`‡k 16.5 wewjqb, wk‡ívbœZ †`‡k 17.5 wewjqb gvwK©b Wjvi)| Gi g‡a¨ Av‡R©w›Ubvi ev‡qv‡UK mqvwe‡bi Wvejµwcs n‡qwQj| 1996 †_‡K 2006 mv‡ji g‡a¨ KxUbvkK eënv‡ii cwigvb wQj 28,9000 †gwUªK Ub a.i. (Active Ingredient) n«vm †c‡q‡Q| Environmental Impact Quotient (EIQ) Gi d‡j GB mg¯— k‡m¨ eëüZ KxUbvk‡Ki Rb¨ cwi‡e‡k Dci weiƒc cÖfve cÖvq 15.5% n«vm ‡c‡q‡Q| 2006 mv‡ji Rjevqy cwieZ©‡bi ci cÖwZ‡e`‡b D‡j −L Kiv nq †h, MÖxb nvDR M¨vm Kgv‡Z Ges Rjevqy cwieZ©‡b ev‡qv‡UK km¨ wZbwU cÖavb Dcv‡q f~wgKv iv‡L| cÖ_gZ: Kg cwigvb Rxevk¥ R¡vjvbx eënv‡ii gva¨‡g Kve©b-WvB-A·vB‡Wi (CO2) ¯’vqx mÂq, AvMvQvbvkK I KxUbvk‡Ki ¯^í eënvi| 2006 mv‡j GB CO2 M¨v‡mi 1.2 wewjqb †KwR mÂq nq, hv 0.5 wgwjqb Mvox Kg eënv‡i mgvb| wØZxqZ: ev‡qv‡UK Lv`¨, cïLv`¨ I Avuk RvZxq k‡mï Rb¨ PvlK…Z Rwg msi¶b, G‡Z 2006 mv‡j gvwU †_‡K cÖvq 13.6 wewjqb †KwR CO2 msiw¶Z nq hv iv —v †_‡K 6.0 wgwjqb Mvox Acmvi‡bi mgvb| ZvB 2006 mv‡j †gvU 14.8 wgwjqb †KwR CO2 Gi ¯’vqx mÂqI nq, hv iv¯—v †_‡K 6.5 wgwjqb Mvox Acmvi‡bi mgvb| Z…ZxqZ: fwel¨‡Z B_vbj I ev‡qvwW‡Rj Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ ev‡qv‡UK km¨ Pvl Kivi d‡j GK w`‡K †hgb Rxevk¥ R¡vjvbx cÖwZ ’vwcZ n‡e Ab¨w`‡K †Zgwb Kve©b wimvB‡Kj I c„_KxKiY n‡e| m¤cÖwZ GK M‡elYv †_‡K †`Lv hvq, ev‡qvdz‡qj ˆRe R¡vjvbx 65% kw³ Dr‡mi NvUwZ c~iY Ki‡Z cv‡i|


2007 mv‡j 23 wU †`k evwYwR¨Kfv‡e ev‡qv‡UK km¨ Pvl K‡i‡Q| ZvQvov 29 wU †`kmn †gvU 52 wU †`k 1996 mvj †_‡K ev‡qv‡UK k‡mï Avg`vbx, eënvi I cwi‡e‡k we —v‡ii Rb¨ Aby‡gv`b K‡i‡Q| 124 wU ch©v‡q 23 wU k‡mï Rb¨ 615 wU cÖ —ve Aby‡gvw`Z n‡q‡Q| ZvB 29 wU †`k ev‡qv‡UK k‡mï Avg`vbx Ges Lv`¨, cïLv`¨ I cwi‡e‡ki we —v‡ii Rb¨ M„nxZ n‡q‡Q| Rvcv‡bI ev‡qv‡UK km¨ Avg`vbxi Rb¨ Aby‡gv`b jvf K‡i‡Q| hwÌ Zviv ev‡qv‡UK km¨ Pvlvev` K‡i bv| 52wU †`k, hviv ev‡qv‡UK km¨ Avg`vwbi Rb¨ Aby‡gv`b K‡i‡Q Zv‡ì g‡a¨ me©cÖ_‡g i‡q‡Q Av‡gwiKv, KvbvWv, `w¶b Avwd«Kv, A‡óªwjqv, †gw·‡Kv, wdwjcvBb, wbDwRj¨vÛ, BD‡ivcxq BDwbqbf~³ †`k¸‡jv Ges Pxb| f~Æv‡Z me‡P‡q †ekx ch©v‡q (40 wU) Aby‡gv`b i‡q‡Q, Gi c‡i i‡q‡Q Zzjv 18wU, K¨v‡bvjv 15wU Ges mqvweb 8wU| c„w_exRy‡o AwaKvsk †`‡k †h me ch©vq Aby‡gv`b jvf K‡i‡Q †mme nj AvMvQvbvkK mwnòz mqvweb ch©vq (GTS-40-3-2) 24wU Aby‡gv`b (BD‡iv‡c 1wU) Gi ci i‡q‡Q †cvKv cÖwZ‡ivax f~Æv (MON810) Zzjv (MON531/757/1076) 16wU Aby‡gv`b †c‡q‡Q| 2007 mv‡j, we‡k¦ †gvU ev‡qv‡UK km¨ Avev`x Rwgi (114.3 wgwjqb †n±i) cÖvq 9% ev 11.9 wgwjqb †n±‡ii ev‡qv‡UK km¨ ev‡qvdz‡qj/ˆReR¡vjvbx Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ eënvi Kiv nq| Gi g‡a¨ 90% Drcvw`Z nq Av‡gwiKv‡Z| 2007 mv‡j Av‡gwiKvq B_vbj Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ 7.0 wgwjqb †n±‡i ev‡qv‡UK f~Æv Ges AvbygvwbK ev‡qvwW‡Rj Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ 3.4 wgwjqb †n±‡i ev‡qv‡UK mqvwe‡bi mv‡_ 10,000 †n±‡i ev‡qv‡UK K¨v‡bvjv Pvl Kiv n‡q‡Q| Av‡gwiKv‡Z †gvU ev‡qvdz‡qj/‰Re R¡vjvbx‡Z Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ 10.4 wgwjqb †n±i Rwg‡Z ev‡qv‡UK mqvweb (ev‡qvwW‡Rj Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ eënvi Kiv n‡q‡Q) Ges KvbvWv‡Z AvbygvwbK 45,000 †n±‡ii ev‡qv‡UK K¨v‡bvjv ev‡qvwW‡Rj Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ eënvi Kiv n‡q‡Q| GUv ®úóZ †h, ev‡qv‡UK km¨ evwbwR¨Ki‡bi 12 eQi cÖPzi DbœwZ mvab K‡i‡Q wKš‘ 2q `kK, 2006-2015 mv‡ji Zzjbvq GB DbœwZ Ómg~‡`ªi fvmgvb wng‰k‡jiÓ gZ| ev‡qv‡UK km¨ evwYwR¨wKKi‡bi ‡k‡li eQi A_©vr 2015 mvj n‡e fv‡Mï Pig wkLi Ges GUv‡K MDG ev mnmªvã Dbœqb j¶¨ ejv n‡e| MDG Gi Rb¨ 2008 mvj n‡e miKvix Ges e¨w³MZ Lv‡Z DËi Ges `w¶ AÂ‡ji wek¦ ev‡qv‡UK‡bvjwR AÂ‡ji Rb¨ GKgvÎ my‡hvM| 2015 mv‡j j¶¨ ev¯—evwqZ Ki‡Z we‡k¦i ev‡qv‡UK AÂj AvMvgx 7 eQi GK‡Î GKwU µg cwiKíbv Abyhvqx Pj‡Z n‡e| 2015 mv‡ji cÖwZÁv i¶v Ki‡Z 5wU j¶¨ wba©viY Kiv n‡q‡Q hv wb‡æ eb©bv Kiv n‡jv- 01. we‡k¦ km¨ Drcv`b evov‡Z n‡j Lv`¨, cïLv`¨ Ges Avuk RvZxq k‡mï wbivcËv eë¯’v DbœZ Ki‡Z

n‡e, †hUv Rxe‰ewPÎ/ev‡qvWvBfviwmwU i¶v K‡it evwYwR¨wKKi‡bi cÖ_g 12 eQi KxU, AvMvQv Ges †iv‡Mi cÖwZ mwnòzZvi e¨vcv‡i BwZg‡a¨ GKwU ¸i“Z¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb K‡i‡Q| ev‡qvWvBfviwmwU GB Dbœqb‡K Am¤¢e K‡i Zzj‡Z cv‡i| ZvB ev‡qvWvBfviwmwU i¶v Kivi Rb¨ ebvqb‡K aŸs‡mi nvZ †_‡K i¶v Ki‡Z n‡e| cïLv‡`ï Rb¨ f~Æv, ˆZj Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ mqvweb I K¨v‡bvjv Ges Avuk RvZxq dmj Zzjvi Drcv`b e„w× K‡i 1996 n‡Z 2006 mvj ch©š— †gvU 34 wewjqb gvwK©b Wjvi Avq Kiv m¤¢e n‡q‡Q| `w¶b Avwd«Kvq mv`v f~Æv n‡Z Lv`¨, ev‡qv‡UK f~Æv, mqvweb Ges K¨v‡bvjvi Ingredient n‡Z cÖwµqvRvZ Lv`¨ Av‡gwiKvq ev‡qv‡UK †cu‡c I †¯‹vqvm Ges Px‡b †cu‡c eëüZ nq| AvMvgx 5 eQ‡ii g‡a¨ cÖ_‡g Liv mwnòz Ges Gi c‡i jebv³Zv mwnòz RvZ D™¢veb Kiv m¤¢e n‡e| ev‡qv‡UK‡bvjwRi eënv‡ii g‡a¨ ïay Drcv`bB evov‡bv nq bv eis H bZzb RvZ ‡ekx cywó avib K‡i †hgb I‡gMv-3 I‡qj (Omega-3 Oil) Ges †Mv‡ìb ivBP Gi g‡a¨ cÖPzi cwigvb Pro-vitamine


A _v‡K| GB `yBwU RvZ AvMvgx 2012 mv‡ji g‡a¨ Aby‡gv`b †`qv n‡e| AvMvgx 5 eQ‡ii g‡a¨ ev‡qv‡UK avb Drcv`b Kiv n‡e| 2005 mv‡j GUv Pv‡li Rb¨ Biv‡b A¯’vqxfv‡e Aby‡gv`b †`qv n‡q‡Q| Pxb ev‡qv‡UK av‡bi evwYwR¨Kfv‡e Aby‡gv`‡bi Rb¨ BwZg‡a¨ gvV ch©v‡q Pvl Kiv m¤úbœ K‡i‡Q| fviZ Ges Gwkqvi A‡bK †`k Gi gvV ch©v‡q Pv‡li A‡c¶vq Av‡Q|

02. `vwi`ªZv Ges ¶zav ~ixKi‡b f~wgKvt we‡k¦ †gvU RbmsL¨vi 50% LyeB `wi`ªZg Zviv ¶z`ª I

resource-poor K…lK Ges Ab¨ 20% nj f~wgnxb hviv ‰kke †_‡K K…wli Dci wbf©i K‡i Avm‡Q| †mRb¨ H mg — K…lK‡ì `vwi`ªZv `~ixKib Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| BwZg‡a¨ ev‡qv‡UK k‡mï cÖ_g `kK 1996 †_‡K 2005 mvj ev‡qv‡UK Zzjv `wi`ª K…lK‡ì Avq e„w× Ki‡Z ¸i“Z¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb K‡i‡Q| Bnv 2q `kK‡KI cÖfvweZ Ki‡Q| ev‡qv‡UK f~ÆvI BwZg‡a¨ `vwi ªZv we‡gvP‡bi e¨vcv‡i ¸i“Z¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb K‡i‡Q Ges GUv 2015 mv‡j e¨vcK AvKvi avib Ki‡e| fvi‡Z ev‡qv‡UK †e¸b Avwe®K…Z n‡q‡Q, wdwjcvBb Ges evsjv‡`k GB ‡e¸‡bi RvZ Aby‡gv`‡bi Avkv Ki‡Q| GUv GLb eZ©gv‡b 2 wgwjqb ¶z`ª K…lK eënvi Ki‡Q| `vwi`ªZv we‡gvPb Ki‡Z eZ©gvb G‡RÛv n‡jv ev‡qv‡UK Kvmvfv, wgwó Avjy, he Ges mewR Pvl|

03. K…wli cwi‡ekMZ w`K Kgv‡bvi gva¨‡gt Z_vKw_Z K…wl KvR cwi‡e‡ki Dci Av —vkxj Ges

ev‡qv‡UK‡bvjwR eënv‡ii gva¨‡g cwi‡ekMZ ¶wZi cwigvb Kgv‡bv m¤¢e| ev‡qv‡UK‡bvjwR 1g `kK, KxUbvkK eënvi Kgv‡bv, Rxevk¥ R¡vjvbx evPv‡bv Ges CO2 emissions Kgv‡Z ¸i“Z¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb K‡i‡Q| we‡k¦ cvwbi eënvi `¶Zv e„w×, cvwbi msi¶b Ges cÖvPzh©¨Zvi Rb¨ mnvqK n‡e| 2050 mv‡ji c„w_exi RbmsL¨v 50% evo‡e (9.2 wewjqb); GB e„nr RbmsL¨v fwel¨Z cvwbi eënvi e¨nZ n‡Z cv‡i| wek¦ K…wl‡Z eZ©gv‡b 70% cwi®‹vi cvwb eëüZ n‡”Q| Dbœqbkxj †`‡k GB eënvi cÖvq 86%| ev‡qv‡UK k‡mï 2q `k‡Ki (2006-2015 mvj) †k‡l bvB‡Uªv‡Rj `¶Zv, hy³ RvZ D™¢veb Kiv n‡e hv we‡k¦i DòZv Ges ylY Kgv‡e| 1g ¶iv mwnòz ev‡qv‡UK f~Ævi RvZ AvMvgx 2011 mv‡ji g‡a¨ evwYwR¨wKKib Kiv n‡e|

04. Rjevqy cwieZ©b Ges MÖxbnvDR M¨vm (GHG) Kvgv‡bvi gva¨‡gt k‡mï Dbœqb eû cÖPwjZ ¶iv, eb¨v

Ges ZvcgvÎvi cwieZ©b Øviv Z¡ivwšZ nq| cÖRbb, cÖmviY Ges Rjevqy cwieZ©b cÖwZwµqv Kgv‡bvi Rb¨ wKQy ev‡qv‡UK miÄvg †hgb †ivM wbb©q hš¿, †n‡bvwg·, gviKvi Gwm‡óW wm‡jKkb (MAS) eënvi Kiv nq| ev‡qv‡UK km¨ BwZg‡a¨ Kve©b WvB A·vBW Bwgkb Kgv‡bvi e¨vcv‡i ¸i“Z¡c~Y© Ae`vb †i‡L‡Q|

05. ev‡qvdz‡qj Drcv`‡bi LiP Kgv‡Z Ae`vbt ev‡qv‡UK‡bvjwR eënv‡ii gva¨‡g wewfbœ dm‡ii †hgb

Lv`¨ km¨, Avuk RvZxq km¨ Ges kw³ mÂwqZ (Energy crops) k‡mï Drcv`b LiP A‡bK Kgv‡bv m¤¢e| ev‡qvdz‡qj Gi WvDb w÷ªg cÖ‡mwms (Downstream processing) Gi Rb¨ Kvh©Kix GbRvBg ev‡qv‡UK‡bvjwR eënv‡ii gva¨‡g cvIqv hvq|

fwel¨‡Z ev‡qv‡UK km¨ AviI AwaK msL¨K †`‡k we —vi K‡i ev‡qv‡UK dm‡ji wek¦e¨vcx djb evov‡bv, †n±i cÖwZ Drcv`b e„w×, K…l‡Ki msL¨v evov‡bvi Avkv Kiv n‡”Q| ev‡qv‡UK km¨ evwYwR¨wKKi‡bi 2q `kK (2006-2015 mvj) Drcv`b aiv n‡q‡Q cÖvq wØ¸b| Dbœqbkxj †`k †hgb, eyiwK‡bv dv‡mv, wgki Ges


wf‡qZbvg AvMvgx GK A_ev `yB eQ‡ii g‡a¨ ev‡qv‡UK km¨ Drcv`b Ki‡e| A‡óªwjqvq MZ 4 eQi wewU K¨v‡bvjv ev‡Rqvß Kiv n‡qwQj Ges MZ 2007 mv‡ji b‡f¤^‡ii †k‡li w`K K¨v‡bvjvi ev‡RqvßZv Zz‡j †bqv n‡q‡Q| A‡óªwjqv BwZg‡a¨ ¶iv mwnòz Mg gvV ch©v‡q cix¶vi Rb¨ Pvl Ki‡Q| 2015 mv‡ji g‡a¨ ev‡qv‡UK avb Aby‡gv`‡bi ci ev‡qv‡UK km¨ MÖnbKvix K…l‡Ki msL¨v evo‡e cÖvq 10 ¸b (100 wgwjqb) ev ZviI †ekx| 2011 mv‡ji g‡a¨ Liv mwnòz wRb mnRjf¨ n‡e| Avi †hme Dbœqbkxj †`k Livi cÖfv‡e djb evov‡Z cvi‡Q bv, †hme †`‡k Gme wRb mieivn Kiv n‡e DbœZ Rv‡Zi Liv mwnòz dmj Drcv`‡bi Rb¨| cÖ_g `k‡K Av‡gwiKvi Zzjbvq wØZxq `k‡K Gwkqv gnv‡`‡k ev‡qv‡UK k‡mï Drcv`b e„w×i e¨vcK cÖ‡Póv Kiv n‡e, mv‡_ mv‡_ DËi Av‡gwiKvi eªvwR‡jI GB cÖ‡Póv Ae¨vnZ _vK‡e| wewfbœ êwk‡óï km¨ AviI DbœZ Kiv n‡e hv dm‡ji ¸bv¸b evov‡e| hvi d‡j ev‡qv‡UK k‡mï MÖnb‡hvM¨Zv wewfbœ †`‡k we‡kl K‡i BD‡iv‡c †e‡o hv‡e| Ab¨vb¨ Drcv` †hgb Iivj f¨vw·b, dvg©vwmDwUK¨vj ªe¨ BZ¨vw` Lye ZvovZvwo evwYwR¨wKKib Kiv n‡e| 2015 mv‡ji g‡a¨ mnmªvã Dbœqb j¶¨ Gi gva¨‡g `vwi ªZv we‡gvPb (50%) Kiv n‡e ev‡qv‡UK k‡mï cÖavb j¶¨ I D‡Ïk¨| cÖ_g †Rbv‡ik‡b Lv`¨/cïLv`¨ Ges wØZxq †Rbv‡ik‡b ev‡qvdz‡q‡ji Rb¨ km¨ Drcv`‡b ev‡qv‡UK‡bvjwR‡K eënv‡ii †¶‡Î my‡hvM I P¨v‡jÄ DfqB i‡q‡Q| 2006 ‡_‡K 2015 mv‡j µgvMZ DbœZ eë ’vcbv I ZË¡veav‡bi gva¨‡g `w¶‡bi †`k¸‡jv‡Z ev‡qv‡UK k‡mï evwYwR¨wKKi‡bi Rb¨ we‡kl bRi †`qv n‡e| m¤cÖwZ, 2008 mv‡j wek¦ e¨vsK Dbœqb cÖwZ‡e`b “Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ K…wl” GB wk‡ivbv‡g Lye ¸i“Z¡c~Y© Lei cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q †h, mnmªvã Dbœqb j¶¨ Gi gva¨‡g 2015 mv‡ji g‡a¨ `vwi ªZv A‡a©K bvwg‡q Avbvi cÖavb miÄvg n‡jv K…wl| H cÖwZ‡e`‡b AviI cÖKvk Kiv nq, Dbœqbkxj †`‡k cÖwZ 4 R‡bi g‡a¨ 3 Rb MÖv‡g emevm K‡i Ges Zviv ˆkkeKvj n‡Z cÖZ¨¶ ev c‡iv¶fv‡e K…wli Dci wbf©ikxj| mve-mvnvivb Avwd«Kv AÂ‡ii †ekxifvM K…lKB gwnjv| GB AÂ‡ji 600 wgwjqb MÖv‡gi RbMb (†gvU 770 wgwjqb RbmsL¨vi Zzjbvq) `wi ª mxgvi wb‡P emevm K‡i| c„w_exi †gvU RbmsL¨vi 50% `wi ªZg K…lK Ges evKx 20% MÖv‡gi f~wgnxb hviv ˆkke n‡Z m¤ú~Y©fv‡e K…wli Dci wbf©ikxj| †gvU `wi ª RbM‡bi 70% †¶‡Z K‡Vvi cwikªg K‡i †eu‡P _v‡K Ges Zv‡ì †ekxi fvMB f~wgnxb| Resource-poor K…lK‡ì mv‡_ Z_¨, †KŠkj Ges AwfÁZv Av`vb cÖ vb K‡i `vwi ªZv A‡bKvs‡kB Kwg‡q Avbv hv‡e Ges Zviv Avq Ki‡Z ïi“ Ki‡e| ISAAA Gi GB wiwfD‡Z g~jZ GUvB ejv n‡q‡Q †h, Dbœqbkxj †`k ivR‰bwZK Aw ’iZv ~wiKib Ges Avš—R©vwZK mn‡hvMxZv Qvov †Kvb w`bB ev‡qv‡UK ev wRGg k‡mï weZwK©Z eënvi †_‡K gy³ n‡Z cvi‡e bv| hw` Zviv gy³ n‡Z bv cv‡i Zvn‡j Zviv `vwi ªZv we‡gvP‡bi my‡hvM n‡Z ewÂZ n‡e| Dbœqbkxj †`k †hgb fviZ, Pxb, Av‡R©w›Ubv, eªvwRj Ges `w¶b Avwd«Kv (cÖab ev‡qv‡UK km¨ Drcv`bKvix †`k) hviv BwZg‡a¨ ev‡qv‡UK‡bvjwR n‡Z myweav MÖnb K‡i‡Q| Zv‡ì Rb¨ GUv GKUv P¨v‡jÄ †h, Dbœqbkxj †`‡ki Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ †h mg — †`k ev‡qv‡UK km¨ m¤ú‡K© †Kvb AwfÁZv †bB Zv‡ì cÖwZ m`q nIqv Ges Db¥y³fv‡e Zv‡ì AwfÁZv Ges Ávb Av`vb-cÖ`vb Kiv| GB Kvh© m¤úbœ Kivi Rb¨ cÖPzi Avw_©K mn‡hvMxZv cÖ‡qvRb| AvR ch©š— gvwëb¨vkbvj e¨w³MZ cÖwZôvb ev‡qv‡UK km¨ n‡Z 7 wewjqb gvwK©b Wjvi DcvR©b Ki‡Z m¶g n‡q‡Q| RvZxqfv‡e mevB‡K ev‡qv‡UK km¨ cÖhyw³ Ávb cÖ vb Ki‡Z n‡e †hb- ivRwbZxwe`, cwiKíbvKvix, RxecÖhyw³we`/ev‡qv‡UK‡bvjwRó, A_©bxwZwe` Ges K…lK Av‡M †_‡K myweav-Amyweav hv‡ì Rvbv _vK‡e Ges †h bZzb Avm‡e Zvi †Kvb Amyweav n‡e bv| Dbœqbkxj †`‡k ev‡qv‡UK km¨ Pvl Kivi †¶‡Î mePvB‡Z eo evuav nj- h_vh_ LiP ¶gZv Ges Gi Rb¨ wbqš¿bKvix AvBbmg~‡ni Afve| †hUv 12 eQ‡ii wbqš¿‡b Dc‡`k wn‡m‡e cÖ`vb Kiv n‡q‡Q| Dbœqbkxj †`‡ki †¶‡Î eZ©gvb wbqš¿b eë¯’v nj mvavibZ AcÖ‡qvRbxq evuav Ges cÖvq‡¶‡ÎB Aby‡gvw`Z `ªe¨vw` m¤úv`bv Kiv


GKUv weivU evuav hvi g~j¨ n‡Z cv‡i 1 wgwjqb Wjvi ch©š— A_ev ZviI †ekx hv cÖvq Awbqwš¿Z Dbœqbkxj †`k mg~‡ni Rb¨| eZ©gvb wbqš¿b eë¯’v `k eQi Av‡M GKgZ n‡qwQj cÖv_wgK Pvwn`v †gUv‡bvi Rb¨ wk‡ívbœZ †`k¸‡jv| Zviv GKwU bZzb cÖhyw³ wb‡q Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQj Ges Zvi wbqš¿‡bi Rb¨ Zvrch©g~jK m¤ú‡ì eënvi K‡iwQj hv Dbœqbkxj †`k mg~‡ni wQj bv| Dbœqbkxj †`‡ki Rb¨ Zv‡ì P¨v‡jÄ wQj “How to do a lot with little” MZ K‡qK WRb eQ‡ii Áv‡bi Av‡jv‡K eZ©gvb h_vh_ wbqš¿b eë¯’v ˆZix Kiv m¤¢e n‡q‡Q wbLyZfv‡e Ges hv GL‡bv Lye Kómva¨ bq Ges Gi Rb¨ †gvUvgywU ch©v‡qi m¤ú` ìKvi hv Dbœqbkxj †`kmg~‡ni mv‡aï g‡a¨B Av‡Q- eZ©gv‡b GUv‡K m‡e©v”P cÖavb¨ †`qv n‡q‡Q| eZ©gv‡b AcÖ‡qvRbxq Ges Awe‡ePKfv‡e †h K‡Vvi gvb`Û ˆZix Kiv n‡q‡Q wk‡ívbœZ †`‡k cÖ‡qvRb †gUv‡bvi Rb¨ †mUv Dbœqbkxj †`‡kmg~n cÖZ¨vLvb K‡i‡Q Golden rice MÖnb Kivi gva¨‡g| we‡e‡Ki GB Dfq msKU Ae¯’vq GUv ejv hvq †h, ev‡qv‡UK km¨ wbqš¿b Kivi Rb¨ †h AvBb ìKvi Zv †kl ev me mgm¨v mgvav‡bi Dcvq bq| ev‡qv‡UK km¨ evRv‡ii wek¦ g~j¨ Cropnosis Øviv2006 mv‡j ev‡qv‡UK k‡mï wek¦ evRvivqb wbiƒcY Kiv n‡q‡Q 6.9 wewjqb gvwK©b Wjvi| GB cwigvb, 2007 mv‡ji wek¦ km¨ cÖ‡UKkb evRv‡ii 16% (42.2 wewjqb gvwK©b Wjvi) Ges 2007 mv‡ji wek¦ evwYwR¨Kib exR evRv‡ii 21% A_©vr 34 wewjqb gvwK©b Wjvi| 6.9 wewjqb Wjv‡ii ev‡qv‡UK km¨ evRvi g~‡jï g‡a¨ 3.2 wewjqb Wjvi (wek¦ evRv‡i 47%, 2006 Gi Zzjbvq 39% †ekx) g~‡jï ev‡qv‡UK f~Æv, 2.6 wewjqb Wjvi (wek¦ evRv‡i 37%, 2006 Gi Zzjbvq 44% Kg) g~‡jï ev‡qv‡UK mqvweb, 0.9 wewjqb Wjvi (13%) g~‡jï ev‡qv‡UK Zzjv Ges 0.2 wewjqb Wjvi (3%) g~‡jï ev‡qv‡UK K¨v‡bvjv Aš—f~©³| 6.9 wewjqb Wjv‡ii evRvi g~‡jï, 5.2 wewjqb Wjvi (76%) wQj wk‡ívbœZ †`‡ki Ges 1.6 wewjqb Wjvi (24%) wQj Dbœqbkxj †`‡ki| wek¦ ev‡qv‡UK k‡mï evRvig~‡jï wfwË nj ev‡qv‡UK k‡mï weµq g~j¨ Ges MZ 12 eQi mgqKv‡j Gi gvb `vwo‡h‡Q 42.4 wewjqb gvwK©b Wjvi| 2008 mv‡ji cÖviw¤¢K evwYwR¨K wek¦ evRv‡ii ev‡qv‡UK k‡mï g~j¨ 7.5 wewjqb gvwK©b Wjvi avh© Kiv nq| K…ZÁZv ¯^xKvit hv‡ì Aby‡cÖiYv/mn‡hvwMZvq evsjv fvlvq cyw¯ZKvwU cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q: Dr. Clive James (Chair), Dr. Randy Hautea (Global Coordinator), Dr. Mariechel Navarro (Manager KC), ISAAA; cÖ‡dmi Wt Bg`v yj nK (SABP), Wt wRwc `vm (ABSPII) Ges evsjv‡`k K…wl wek¦we`¨vj‡qi ev‡qv‡UK‡bvjwR wefv‡Mi cÖ‡dmi Wt †gvt knx yj nK, wg‡mm mvwebv Bqvmwgb, wg‡mm dvnwgbv Av³vi, ‡LvKb, gxi ûgvqb Kwei, kwidzj Avjg gwb|

international service for the acquisition of agri …...africcenter, cip/ilri, po box 25171,...

Documents