info101_ilp104 lec3
TRANSCRIPT
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Business Information Systems
Chapter 3 - Lecture Notes
(Chapter 9,10,11 of text book)
Contents
Transaction Processing Systems (TPS) Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)
Management Information Systems (MIS)
Decision Support Systems (DSS) Executive Support Systems (ESS) Specialized Business Information Systems
E-Commerce systems (Week-12)
Transaction Processing Systems (TPS)
? support the day-to-day activities (routine) of abusiness.
? Objective:-
to store/capture, process & update records aboutbusiness operations,
to produce documents i.e. Purchase Order, Sales
Order, etc..
E.g Sales order system
Item codeqty
amount
CalculateSales amout
Sales Invoice
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. Cont
Transaction Processing Systems (TPS)
?Routine activities:-
E.g when buying goods from supermarket,
withdrawing money from ATM, making a f lightreservation at an airlines office.
?a.k.a Data Processing Systems (DPS)
Batch Processing VS Online TransactionProcessing (OLTP)
? transactions that areaccumulated over aperiod of time
? delay result/feedback
? online transaction realtime
? transactions areprocessedimmediately
? instantfeedback/result
? e.g airline reservation
An Overview of TPS
ProcessingDocuments
&
Reports
Databases
Customer Orders
Customer FilePurchasing FileSupplier fileInventory File
InvoiceSales ReportCustomer ListInventory List
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TPS
Businessoperation TPS
Operationaldatabase
Updateddatabase
MIS
? Advantage:-
Efficient at keeping records e.g sales records
? Disadvantage:-
cannot extract enterprise-wide information e.gfrom several different departments.
cannot generate ad hoc request/inquiry i.e.cannot meet the needs of middle and higherlevel management.
Management Information System (MIS)
? objective:- to provide the Right informationto the Right people in the Right format andat the Right time.
? focus on doing the Thing Right i.eefficiency
? builds on a TPS by integrating variousfunctional areas.
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MIS
Updateddatabase
MIS
Corporatedatabase
Othersdatabase
Applicationdatabases
DSS
ESS
ES
Reports
? Input: TPS from various functional areas.
? Output:
Summary report i.e. daily, weekly,
Periodically report i.e. daily, weekly,
Demand report i.e. on request only
Exception report i.e. automatically producedwhen a situation is unusual e.g stock level isbelow re-order level
? Advantage:-
provides ad hoc inquiries
able to extract data selectively from differentfunctional areas(files)
provides information for medium and higherlevel management.
? Disadvantage:-
Not able to produce future-orientedinformation i.e. predicting sales trends.
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Types of MIS
? Marketing MIS
? Financial MIS
? Manufacturing MIS
? Human Resource MIS
Decision Support System (DSS)
? is an organized collection of people, procedures,software, database, and devices used to supportproblem-specific decision making & problemsolving.
? User friendly system uses graphical interfacei.e. menu, icons, push buttons
? Focus effectiveness of decision-making, i.edoing the Right Thing meeting the businessgoals.
? Advantage:-
?produces ad-hoc reports
? flexible and adaptable suitable to anyusers style and decision environment
?User-friendly system
? Supports decision-making at the tactical andstrategic levels.
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DSS, ESS, ES
Updateddatabase
MIS
Corporatedatabase
Othersdatabase
Applicationdatabases
DSS
ESS
ES
Reports
Executive Support Systems (ESS)
? specialized DSS designed to meet the needsof senior management.
? serve to indicate :-
important issues to the organization e.g. BPR
new directions the company may take
help executives to monitor the progress of thecompany.
? performs sophisticated data analysis, flexibility &comprehensive communication abilities.
? provide an overall vision, strategic planning,organizing, staffing & labor.
? Advantage:
understand a business situation quickly
allows management to access data rapidly
able to predict e.g future sales trends
interactive and user-friendly system.
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Specialized BIS
? Artificial Intelligence (AI)
a system takes on the characteristics of
human intelligence. include elements:
? Robotics
? Vision systems robots can store and process
visual images (can see images)
? Natural language processing system that canunderstand languages i.e Spanish, English,
Mandarin
. Cont
? Learning systems able to learn from past
mistakes and experiences i.e. playing games,making business decisions
? Neural Networks trends or patterns recognitioni.e. stock market spot market trend
Expert systems an interactive software thatmimics human experts i.e. give opinion,advice, recommendations. E.g loan approval,tax experts
Virtual Reality (VR) users become fullyimmersed in an artificial, 3-d world.
Decision levels
Business Operations
Tactical
management
Strategic
management
TPS
ESS
ES
DSSMIS
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- End of Chapter3-