Quantum Engineering in Frequency Domain: high dimensional entanglement manipulation in frequency domain based on integrated modulation technologies.
B. Galmes*, L. Furfaro*, S. Massar**, K. Phan Huy*, L. Larger*, J. Dudley*, J.M. Merolla** Département d'Optique, Institut FEMTO-ST, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 6174, Université de Franche-Comté,16 Route de Gray, F-25030 Besançon, France.
** Université Libre de Bruxelles, Laboratoire d’information quantique, Brussels, Belgium
1
Introduction
2
Quantum information processing have seen significant development both experimental and theoretical advances on generation manipulation and
detection of quantum states.
Motivations
Qudit manipulation in Frequency Domain using integrated modulation techniques. Standard RF and integrated optical components.
Stable, reliable, versatile architecture.
Once upon a time…QKD
3
Key :1 0 0Key: 1 0 0
1 1 0 0 1Transmitted photons Detected photons
1 0 0 Extracted Bits
Eve
Encrypted data
Valerio Scarani et al,REVIEWS OF MODERN PHYSICS, VOLUME 81, JULY–SEPTEMBER 2009
Once upon a time…QKD in FD
4
ω0 + Ω
ΔФ = πΔФ = |Ф2 – Ф1|
ΔФ = 0 ΔФ = ± π/2
ω0 - Ω ω0 + Ω ω0 - Ω
ω0 ω0 ω0
QKD in FD
5
RF and Telecom components Active Dispersion Management Frequency up-conversion 2.5 to 12.5 GHz Polarization insensitive receiver
QKD in FD emitter
6
Laser diode
RF Circuit
QPSK
Modulator
VCO
Power supply
QKD in FD receiver
7
RF Circuit
Phase Modulators
Digital interface
Industrial Encryption System
8
Réseau Lumière
QKD Module
2009
Industrial Encryption System
9
Réseau Lumière
From QKD to Qudit manipulation
10
Free Optical FieldHamiltonian
Free RF field Hamiltonian
InteractionHamiltonian
Input state output state(a,φ)
RF
José Capmany et al, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B, vol 27, No6, June 2010P. Kumar et al, IEEE J. Quantum Electron., 45, 2009.
M. Bloch et al, Opt. Lett. 32, 2007
Quantum nonlinear interaction between thelight and microwave fields in an electro-optic phase
Modulator
Time-frequency entanglement
11
Polarization entanglement
[1] A. Aspect, P. Grangier, and G. Roger, Phys. Rev. Lett. 47, 460 (1981); 49, 91 (1982). [2] J.D. Franson, Phys. Rev. Lett. 62, 2205 (1989). [3] J.G. Rarity and P.R. Tapster, Phys. Rev. Lett. 64, 2495 (1990). [4] A. Mair, A. Vaziri, G. Weihs, and A. Zeilinger, Nature 412, 313 (2001). [5] S. E. Harris, Phys. Rev. A, vol. 78, p. 021807, Aug 2008.
12
The source – PPLN WG
The source emits energy-entangled photon pairs :
Spectrum
ω0 ω
Ω
using
and
=
Quantum state manipulation
13
EOPM
IN OUT
Global system
14
L. Olislager, S. Massar, J.-M. Merolla, K. Phan Huy et al., Phy. Rev. A, 82, 013804 ( 2010).
Normalized coincidence count
Spectral brightness@5 mW105 p/s/nmBandwidth7 THz
The Quantum Box
source
1m3
15
Laser diodePump wavelength775 nmlinewidth1MHzMaximum output power5 mWWavelength drift< 50 MHz
PPLN output
Periodically Poled Lithium Niobate crystal
The Quantum Box
The quantum states manipulation device
1m3
16
RF architectureModulation frequency12.5 GHzI&Q modulator BW250 MHzI&Q modulator Phase accuracy> 0.001 rad
ModulatorsHalf-wave voltage2.8 V Electro-optic BW25 GHzLoss1.2 dB
The Quantum Box
Bragg Filters
1m3
17
Width @3dB = 3 GHz@30dB = 6.25 GHzCentral wavelength1550nm Frequency shiftless than 1pm/K (for external temperature variations)
The Quantum Box
1m3
All-in-one dual-channel near infrared Time-Correlated
Single Photon Counting module
18
Quantum Efficiency20%Detection rate20 MHzDead time10 μsGate duration99 nsDark counts per ns8.10-7Time jitter180 ps
Specifications
Nor
mal
ized
coi
ncid
ence
rat
e
19
Experimental results
Experimental
Theoretical
o +o +
o
Visibility > 99%
Conclusion and perspectives
20
Conclusion
Demonstration of basic control of qudit in frequency domain
Non locality preliminary results
Standard RF and integrated optical components.
Prospects Non local dispersion management.
Second generation QKD system.
Quantum gate implementation.
Quantum teleportation