1
2103
393
Lect
ure
Not
es
2103
393
ME
Lab
Non
ME,
Sec
tion
4Se
cond
Sem
este
r, A
cade
mic
Yea
r 255
4D
epar
tmen
t of M
echa
nica
l Eng
inee
ring
Chu
lalo
ngko
rn U
nive
rsity
Intr
oduc
tion
21
0339
3 M
E La
b N
on M
E Se
ctio
n 4
D
r Kun
tinee
Man
eera
tana
(KM
N) 9
05/E
ng4
To
pic
Ev
alua
tion
R
epor
t
401
Flow
thro
ugh
a Ve
ntur
i
406
Ref
riger
atio
n
2
40
5 Ai
r com
pres
sor
Ove
rall
Obj
ectiv
es
Intro
duct
ion
to M
E te
sts
Ex
perim
ents
Expe
rimen
ts
For d
isco
very
D
evel
opm
ent
Te
stin
g
Ei
tf
Qlit
Ct
l&P
dtT
ti
3
Exp
erim
ents
for Q
ualit
y C
ontro
l & P
rodu
ct T
estin
g
Eval
uatio
n
Dur
ing
expe
rimen
tsLa
b In
stru
ctor
G
raph
of r
esul
t sum
mar
y15
%G
apo
esu
tsu
ay
5%
Subm
it to
KM
N b
y th
e en
d of
eac
h la
b
Fu
ll gr
oup
repo
rt (1
wee
k la
ter)
85%
Eq
uipm
ent t
estin
g te
chni
cal r
epor
t
Subm
it to
sup
ervi
sors
(ass
ume
to k
now
eng
inee
ring 4
fund
amen
tals
)
2
Eval
uatio
n: R
epor
t
Abst
ract
10
Intro
duct
ion
5
Theo
ry5
Theo
ry5
Eq
uipm
ent &
pro
cedu
res
15
Res
ults
25
Dis
cuss
ion
10
Con
clus
ions
5
Appe
ndix
5
Ap
pend
ices
W
ork
decl
arat
ion
by e
ach
mem
ber
C
heck
list
10
No
mor
e th
an 7
pag
es, e
xclu
ding
app
endi
ces
Rep
ort:
Gui
delin
e &
Che
ck L
ist
M
IT W
ritin
g C
oope
rativ
e Te
chni
cal R
epor
t Che
cklis
t
MIT
Rep
ort W
ritin
g G
uide
lines
6
Rep
ort:
Equi
pmen
t & In
stru
men
ts
Equi
pmen
t
Rou
gh s
peci
ficat
ion
In
stru
men
ts
Mea
sure
d qu
antit
y (T
empe
ratu
re T
1)
Ran
ge (1
0 –
50 °
C)
R
esol
utio
n (1
°C
)
7
401
FLO
W T
HR
OU
GH
A V
ENTU
RI
2103
393
ME
Lab
Non
ME,
Sec
tion
4 &
7Se
cond
Sem
este
r, A
cade
mic
Yea
r 255
3D
epar
tmen
t of M
echa
nica
l Eng
inee
ring
Chu
lalo
ngko
rn U
nive
rsity
3
Theo
ry:
Flow
Met
ers
C
orio
lis
Exci
tatio
n fo
rce
caus
es th
e tu
be to
twis
t due
to
corio
lis a
ccel
erat
ion
9
Theo
ry:
Flow
Met
ers
M
agne
tic
Cha
nges
of i
nduc
ed v
olta
ge o
f the
con
duct
ive
fluid 10
Theo
ry:
Flow
Met
ers
Po
sitiv
e di
spla
cem
ent
R
otat
ing
impe
ller
N
utat
ing
disc
R
otat
ing
valv
e
Osc
illat
ing
pist
on
11
O
val g
ear
R
otat
ing
lobe
B
iroto
r
Theo
ry:
Flow
Met
ers
…
Targ
et
Mea
surin
g dr
ag fo
rces
on
the
targ
et
12
4
Theo
ry:
Flow
Met
ers
D
iffer
entia
l pre
ssur
e
Fl
ow n
ozzl
eFl
ow n
ozzl
e
O
rific
e
13
Ve
ntur
i
Theo
ry: P
ress
ure
Diff
eren
ces
1
1
11
22
2
22
11
11
12
22
22
22
22
21
21
21
22
21
12
21
Con
tinui
ty e
qn
11
Ber
noul
li eq
n2
21
11
, ,
1(
)2
22
1 2m
Au
Au
Pu
gzP
ugz
Az
zP
Pu
uu
A
14
1/2
1/2
22
22
21
21
2Fl
ow ra
te1
()
()
Act
ural
fl
AQ
Au
AP
PA
1/2
1/2
22
21
21
2ow
1(
)(
)d
AQ
CA
PP
A
Theo
ry: Q
–P
Rel
atio
nshi
p
12
1/2
4
12
12 1
2
2
2
1
()
(/
)d
HH
Ag
CQ yP
Pg
DDH
mx
H
c
15
y
Test
Rig
16
5
Obj
ectiv
es
Offi
cial
To
und
erst
and
a m
etho
d of
flow
mea
sure
men
ts
To o
btai
n th
e va
lue
of Cd
for a
ven
turi
To o
btai
n th
e va
lue
of Cd
for a
ven
turi
Te
chni
cal R
epor
t
Cal
ibra
te th
e m
eter
W
hat i
s w
ante
d fro
m th
e re
port
17
D
eter
min
e Cd
R
ange
of f
low
rate
that
you
can
con
fiden
tly u
se th
e Cd
to m
easu
re fl
ow ra
te.
406
REF
RIG
ERA
TIO
N
2103
393
ME
Lab
Non
ME,
Sec
tion
4 &
7Se
cond
Sem
este
r, A
cade
mic
Yea
r 255
3D
epar
tmen
t of M
echa
nica
l Eng
inee
ring
Chu
lalo
ngko
rn U
nive
rsity
Pres
enta
tion
Tr
ane
Pow
erpo
int
R
efrig
erat
ion
cycl
e
Ref
riger
atio
n co
mpo
nent
sR
efrig
erat
ion
com
pone
nts
19
Theo
ry: C
ycle
C
com
pres
soco
mpr
esso
rr
cond
ense
rco
nden
ser
expa
nsio
n ex
pans
ion
devi
cede
vice
disc
harg
edi
scha
rge
line
line
liqui
dliq
uid
line
line
B
C
20
evap
orat
orev
apor
ator
suct
ion
suct
ion
line
line
A
D
6
Theo
ry: S
tatu
s
highT
highP
high
T, h
igh P
St
td/
bl
expa
nsion
expa
nsion
devic
ede
vice
cond
ense
rco
nden
ser
comp
ress
orco
mpre
ssor
pressure pressure
DG
E
F12
112
1..55°°FF
[[4949..77°°
C]C]
high
T, h
igh P
supe
rhea
t vap
our
Satu
rate
d/su
bcoo
lliq
uid
21en
thalpy
entha
lpy
evap
orato
rev
apor
ator
4141..22°°
FF[[55..
11°°C]C]
CB
Alo
w T
, low
PSa
tura
ted/
supe
rhea
tva
pour
low
T, l
ow P
liqui
d+va
pour
Theo
ry: F
orm
ula
2
Ene
rgy
eqn
v
cons
t2 kine
tic
pot
entia
l e
ntha
lpy
hea
t w
ork
cons
t
fluid
vel
ocity
altit
ude
vgz
hQ
W
v z
22
en
thal
pyhe
at e
nter
ing
the
syst
emw
ork
leav
ing
the
syst
em
hU
PV
Q W
Theo
ry: F
orm
ula
Com
pres
sion
pro
cess
12
Hea
t 0
(Isot
ropi
c)W
ork
(ve
wor
ken
terin
g)Q W
hh
12
32
34
Wor
k
(ve
wor
k en
terin
g)C
onde
nsat
ion
proc
ess
23
Hea
t(
ve h
eat o
ut)
Wor
k0
Exp
ansi
on p
roce
ss 3
4,
Hea
t0
Wh
h
Qh
hW
hh
Q
23
Hea
t0
Wor
k0
Eva
pora
tion
proc
ess
41
Hea
t
Q W
1
4(re
frige
ratin
g ef
fect
)W
ork
0Q
hh
W
Theo
ry: F
orm
ula
refri
gera
ting
effe
ctw
hat y
ou g
etC
OP
wor
k do
new
hat y
ou lo
ss
1
4
21
CO
Ph
hh
h
24
7
Test
Rig
25
Obj
ectiv
es
Offi
cial
D
eter
min
e by
qua
ntita
tive
mea
sure
men
t how
wel
l th
e m
athe
mat
ical
mod
els
(theo
retic
al e
quat
ions
) of
the
com
pres
sor
cond
ense
rev
apor
ator
repr
esen
tth
e co
mpr
esso
r, co
nden
ser,
evap
orat
or re
pres
ent
wha
t act
ually
hap
pens
. Dra
w th
e ac
tual
cyc
le o
n th
e P
–h
diag
ram
. Com
pute
the
coef
ficie
nt o
f pe
rform
ance
CO
P.
Te
chni
cal R
epor
t
Eval
uate
the
perfo
rman
ces
ofth
ere
frige
ratio
ncy
cle 26
Ev
alua
te th
e pe
rform
ance
s of
the
refri
gera
tion
cycl
e an
d co
mpo
nent
s
W
hat i
s w
ante
d fro
m th
e re
port
P
–h
diag
ram
C
OP
405
AIR
CO
MPR
ESSO
R
2103
393
ME
Lab
Non
ME,
Sec
tion
4 &
7Se
cond
Sem
este
r, A
cade
mic
Yea
r 255
3D
epar
tmen
t of M
echa
nica
l Eng
inee
ring
Chu
lalo
ngko
rn U
nive
rsity
Theo
ry:
Sing
le S
trok
e C
ompr
esso
r
http
://w
ww
.tpub
.com
/con
tent
/doe
/h10
18v2
/css
/h10
18v2
_85.
htm
28
8
Theo
ry:
Indi
cato
r
http
://w
ww
.old
engi
ne.o
rg/m
embe
rs/d
iese
l/Ind
icat
or1.
htm
29
Theo
ry:
Indi
cato
r
http
://w
ww
.old
engi
ne.o
rg/m
embe
rs/d
iese
l/Ind
icat
or1.
htm
30
Theo
ry:
Pola
r Pla
nim
eter
ht
tp://
reck
onsu
rvey
ing.
com
/pag
e8-1
0.ht
ml
31
Test
Rig
32
9
Obj
ectiv
es
Offi
cial
To
lear
n ho
w to
mak
e m
easu
rem
ents
of i
ndic
ated
ho
rsep
ower
(Ihp
) and
bra
ke h
orse
pow
er (B
hp)
ff
To
inve
stig
ate
the
perfo
rman
ce o
f a s
ingl
e st
age,
re
cipr
ocat
ing
air c
ompr
esso
r und
er c
ondi
tions
of
cons
tant
spe
ed
Te
chni
cal R
epor
t
Eval
uate
the
perfo
rman
ces
of th
e ai
r com
pres
sor
33
W
hat i
s w
ante
d fro
m th
e re
port
Bh
p &
Ihp
–pr
essu
re ra
tio a
t a c
onst
ant s
peed
M
echa
nica
l effi
cien
cy –
pres
sure
ratio
at c
onst
ant
spee
d