b prs 24 training

7/29/2019 b Prs 24 Training

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Brief Psychiatric

Rating Scale Training


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Why Is Training and Certification Important?

Valid Use of Scales

Are raters using the same definitions of items and are they

applying them correctly?

Inter-Rater Reliability

Do different raters score similar consumers uniformly across

multiple settings, sites and organizations?


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Training for Trainers: Objectives

Have basic familiarity with the history and uses of the BPRS

Be able to complete the BPRS after usual patient interview

Utilize anchor points to reliably assess psychiatric symptoms

Have practice using the BPRS with 3 videotaped interviews

and de-briefing sessions Accurately rate 1 client after watching videotaped interview

Know basic process for sending completed BPRS forms andreceiving reports

Be prepared to train raters Be aware of the services provided by RDMC and how to gethelp when questions or problems arise


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Training for Raters: Objectives

Have basic familiarity with the history and uses of the BPRS

Be able to complete the BPRS after usual patient interview

Utilize anchor points to reliably assess psychiatric symptoms

Have practice using the BPRS with 3 videotaped interviewsand de-briefing sessions

Accurately rate 1 client after watching videotaped interview

Know basic process for sending completed BPRS forms and

receiving reports

Be aware of the services provided by RDMC and how to get

help when questions or problems arise


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Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale:

Introduction

The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) has beenin use since 1962 for rating patient behaviors andsymptoms

Developed by Overall and Gorham, it is probably themost widely used rating scale in Psychiatry

The BPRS is comprised of 24 items that can be ratedfrom not present (1) to extremely severe (7)


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1. Somatic Concern

2. Anxiety

3. Depression

4. Suicidality5. Guilt

6. Hostility

7. Elevated Mood

8. Grandiosity

9. Suspiciousness

10. Hallucinations

11. Unusual Thought Content

12. Bizarre Behavior

13. Self-Neglect

14. Disorientation

15. Conceptual Disorganization

16. Blunted Affect17. Emotional Withdrawal

18. Motor Retardation

19. Tension

20. Uncooperativeness

21. Excitement

22. Distractibility

23. Motor Hyperactivity

24. Mannerisms and Posturing

BPRS: Items Rated (24 item version)


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A total pathology score can be obtained by adding

the scores from each item and sub-scores can be

derived by adding scores on specific items together

BPRS: Scoring


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1) Thinking Disturbance: 3) Hostile/Suspiciousness:

Conceptual Disorganization Hostility

Hallucinatory Behavior Suspiciousness

Unusual Thought Content Uncooperativeness

2) Withdrawal/Retardation: 4) Anxious/Depression:

Emotional Withdrawal Anxiety

Motor Retardation Guilt Feelings

Blunted Affect Depressive Mood

(See Hedlung and Vieweg, 1980)

BPRS: Scoring

A total pathology score can be obtained by adding thescores from each item and sub-scores can be derived byadding scores on specific items together


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Evaluate patients on the basis of symptoms theyve

had in a specified time frame

Rate according to the following criteria:

Is the symptom present

How frequently does it occur

What is the degree of impairment

BPRS: General Guidelines


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Do not compare the client to other clients with the

same diagnosis

Rate the client only on the basis of your observations,

the clients self-report, and, for some items,

information obtained from collateral sources

If unsure on particular rating, always rate up

BPRS: General Guidelines (contd)


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BPRS: Definitions and

Anchors Definitions

Are operational

Are precise enough to be rated accuratelyand consistently

Promote high inter-rater reliability

Anchors

Provide basis for assigning severity

Enhance inter-rater reliability


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1: Not present - denies physical

symptoms

2: Very mild - occasional physical

complaints that tend to be kept

to self

3: Mild - occasional concerns that

the client tends to express to

others, e.g. family members or

physician

4: Moderate - some preoccupation

with somatic concerns with noimpairment in functioning

5. Moderately severe - somepreoccupation with somaticconcerns with moderateimpairment in functioning notdelusional

6: Severe - preoccupation withsomatic concerns with muchimpairment in functioning orsomatic delusions that the clientdoes not act on

7: Very severe - preoccupationwith somatic concerns withsevere impairment infunctioning or somatic delusionsthat tend to be acted on

BPRS: Somatic Concern

Degree of concern over present bodily health


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Suggested Questions: Somatic

Concern

Have you been concerned about your

physical health?

What does the doctor say is wrong?

Have your concerns interfered with

your ability to perform your usual

activities or work?


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BPRS: Anxiety

1: Not present - denies any

symptoms

2: Very mild - reports some

discomfort due to worry3: Mild - worried frequently but

can readily pay attention to

other things

4: Moderate - worried most of

the time and cannot payattention to other things with

no impairment in functioning

5: Moderately severe - frequent(not daily) periods of anxietyor some areas of functioningdisrupted by worry

6: Severe - anxiety daily orpersisting throughout the dayor many areas of functioningdisrupted by anxiety or worry

7: Very severe - anxiety

persisting throughout theday or most areas offunctioning are disrupted byanxiety or constant worry

Worry, fear, or over concern for present or future


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Suggested Questions: Anxiety

Have you been worried a lot during the pastweek?

Have you been nervous or apprehensive?

How much of the time have you been worriedor anxious during the past week?

Has it interfered with you ability to perform your

usual work or activates?


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Note: Anxiety

Rate only on the basis of the clients self-

report of worry or fear.

Do not rate according to your observations ofany physical signs of nervousness, they are

rated under Tension.


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1: Not present

2: Very mild - occasionally feels

sad, unhappy or depressed

3: Mild - frequently feels sad orunhappy, readily turn

attention to other things

4: Moderate - frequent periods

of feeling very sad, unhappy

or moderately depressed; isable to function with extra

effort

5: Moderately severe -frequent, but not daily,periods of daily depression;some areas of functioning

are disrupted by depression6: Severe - deeply depressed

daily; many areas offunctioning are disrupted bydepression

7: Extremely severe - deeplydepressed daily; most areasof functioning are disruptedby depression

BPRS: Depressive Mood

Despondency in mood, sadness


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Suggested Questions: Depressive

Mood

How has your mood been lately?

Have you felt depressed?

How long do these feelings last? Have these feelings interfered with you

ability to perform your usual activities or

work?


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Note: Depressive Mood

Rate on the basis of expression of

depression, hopelessness, loss of self-

esteem, pessimism, helplessness,preoccupation with depressing topics.

Do not rate on the basis of motor retardation,

guilt, or somatic complaints.


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BPRS: Suicidality

1. Not Present

2. Very mild occasional

feelings of being tired of

living, no avert suicidalthoughts

3. Mild occasional suicidal

thoughts without intent or

specific plan, feels would

be better off dead4. Moderate suicidal

thoughts frequent but

without intent or plan

5. Moderately severefantasies of suicide byvarious methods, considersattempting with specific

time or plan6. Severe clearly wants to

kill self, needs anappropriate means andtime, serious suicideattempt knowing rescue

possible7. Extremely severe specific

suicidal plan and intent,suicide attempt patientthought was lethal or insecluded environment

Expressed desire, intent or actions to harm or kill self


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Suggested Questions: Suicidality

Initial Have you felt that life wasnt worth living?

Have you thought about harming or killing yourself?

Have you felt tired of living or as though you would be better off

dead?

Have you ever felt like ending it all?

Follow-up How often have you thought about ?

Did you (do you) have a specific plan?


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1: Denies guilt feelings

2: Very mild - concerned abouthaving failed someone or atsomething but is notpreoccupied. Can shift thoughts

to other matters easily3: Mild - concerned about having

failed someone or at somethingwith some preoccupation, tendsto voice guilt to others

4: Moderate - disproportionate

preoccupation with guilt, havingdone wrong, injured others bydoing or failing to do something,but can readily turn attention toother things

5: Moderately severe -

preoccupation with guilt, having

failed someone are at

something, can turn attention to

other things but only with great

effort, not delusional

6: Severe - delusional guilt or

unreasonable self-reproach,

very out of proportion to

circumstances

7: Extremely severe - delusionalguilt or unreasonable self-

reproach grossly out of

proportion to circumstances

BPRS: Guilt Feelings

Over concern or remorse for past behavior


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Suggested Questions: Guilt Feelings

Is there anything you have said or done thatmade you feel guilty?

Have you been thinking about past

problems? How bad does it make you feel?

How much time do you spend thinkingabout it?

Have you talked to others about your guiltfeelings?


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Note: Guilt Feelings

Rate only the patients statements

Dont infer guilt feelings from depression,

anxiety, or defenses Refers to specific past behaviors which the

patient now believes were wrong

Memories are a source of conscious concern


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1: Not present

2: Very mild - irritable but not

overtly expressed

3: Mild - argumentative orsarcastic

4: Moderate - overtly angry on

several occasions or yelled

at others excessively

5: Moderately severe - hasthreatened, slammed things

around or thrown things

6: Severe - has assaulted

others but no harm likely -

e.g., slapped or pushed

others, or destroyed

property, e.g., knocked over

furniture or broken windows

7: Extremely severe - has

attacked others with definite

possibility of harming them

or actual harm, e.g., assault

with a hammer or weapon

BPRS: Hostility

Animosity, contempt, belligerence, disdain for other

people outside the interview situation


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Suggested Questions: Hostility

How have you been getting along withothers?

Have you been so irritable that you start

fights or shout at people? Have you hit anyone?"

Have you destroyed any property/?


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Note: Hostility

Rate only the patients self-report of feelings

and actions towards others.

Rate hostility towards the interviewer in the

interview on the Uncooperativeness scale.

Do not include incidents of appropriate anger

or obvious self-defense.


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BPRS: Elevated Mood

1. Not present

2. Very mild seems to be

very happy, cheerful

without reason3. Mild some unaccountable

feelings of well-being that

persist

4. Moderate reports some

excessive or unrealisticfeelings of well being

inappropriate to

circumstances

5. Moderately severereports frequent excessiveor unrealistic feelings ofwell-being inappropriate to

circumstances6. Severe reports many

instances of markedelevated mood witheuphoria, mood definitelyelevated almost constantly

7. Extremely severe patientreports being elated orappears almost intoxicated,inappropriate to immediatecircumstances

Pervasive feeling of well being out of proportion to

circumstances


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Suggested Questions: Elevated

MoodInitial

Have you felt so good or high that other people thought that you

were not your normal self?

Have you been feeling cheerful and on top of the world withoutany reason?

Follow-up

Did it seem like more than just feeling good?

How long did it last?


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Note: Elevated Mood

Do not infer elation from increased

activity or from grandiose statementsalone.


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1: Not present

2: Very mild - feels great but isrealistic

3: Mild - exaggerated self-opinion beyond abilities andtraining

4: Moderate - inappropriateboastfulness, claims to bebrilliant, insightful or gifted

beyond realistic proportions,but rarely discloses or actson these inflated self-concepts

5: Moderately severe - same as4 but discloses and acts onthese grandiose ideas, notdelusional

6: Severe - delusional, claimsto have special powers likeESP, have millions ofdollars, be Jesus Christ orthe President, patient maynot be very preoccupied

7: Extremely severe -delusional, same as 6, butpatient seems verypreoccupied and disclosesor acts on delusions

BPRS: Grandiosity

Exaggerated self-opinion, conviction of unusual ability

or powers


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Suggested Questions: Grandiosity

Do you have any special powers?

Have you thought you might be

somebody rich or famous?

If yes:

How often have you thought about this?

Have you told anyone about what youve

been thinking? Have you acted on any of these ideas?


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Note: Grandiosity

Rate only the patients statement about

him/herself.

Dont infer grandiosity from the patientsdemeanor.


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1: Not present

2: Very mild - seems on guard;reluctant to respond topersonal questions, reportsfeeling overly self-conscious inpublic

3: Mild - describes incidents inwhich others have harmed orwanted to harm him/her thatsounds plausible. Feels othersoccasionally watch, laugh at, orcriticizes him/her in public

4: Moderate - says others aretalking about him/hermaliciously, have negativeintentions or may harm him/her.Beyond the likelihood ofplausibility, but not delusional

5: Moderately severe - same as 4,

but incidents occur frequently

(such as more than once per

week)

6: Severe - delusional, patient

speaks of Mafia plot, the CIA or

FBI, others poisoning his/her

food, persecution by

supernatural

7: Extremely severe - same as 6,

but beliefs are more bizarre andmore preoccupying, patient

tends to disclose or act on

persecutory delusions

BPRS: SuspiciousnessBelief (delusional or otherwise) that others have now or have had in the

past, malicious or discriminatory intent toward the patient


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Suggested Questions:

Suspiciousness

Do you ever feel uncomfortable in public? Is anyone going out of their way to give you a

hard time or trying to hurt you?

Do you feel like youre in any danger?

If patient reports any persecutory ideas ordelusions, ask:

How long have you been concerned about this? Have you told anyone about these experiences?


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Note: Suspiciousness

Rate the degree to which the patient:

Projects blame

Accuses other people or forces of malicious intentor discrimination.

Include persecution by supernatural or other

non human entities, i.e., God or the devil.

Ratings of three or above should also berated under Unusual Thought Content.


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1: Not present

2: Very mild - when resting orgoing to sleep, sees visions,hears voices or whispers in theabsence of external stimulation,

no impairment in functioning3: Mild - when in a clear state of

consciousness, hears a voicecalling his/her name, seesformless visual hallucinationsabout 1-2 times per week

4: Moderate - occasional verbal,visual, gustatory, olfactory ortactile hallucinations with nofunctional impairment

5: Moderately severe -

experiences daily hallucinations;

some areas of functioning are

disrupted

6: Severe - experiences verbal or

visual hallucinations several

times per day; many areas of

functioning are disrupted

7: Extremely severe - persistent

verbal or visual hallucinations

throughout the day

BPRS: Hallucinatory BehaviorPerceptions without normal external stimulus

correspondence


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Hallucinatory Behavior

Have you heard people taking to you, or

about you, when theres nobody around?

If yes:

What does the voices (or voices) say?

Do you ever see things others dont see?

Have these experiences interfered with your

ability to perform usual activities or work? How often do they occur?


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Note: Hallucinatory Behavior

Include preoccupation with the content and

experience of hallucinations

Include acting out, e.g. engaging in behavior

due to command hallucinations


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1: Not present

2: Very mild - has ideas of

reference or persecution,

unusual beliefs in psychic

powers, spirits, not strongly heldbeliefs

3: Mild - same as 2, but the degree

of reality distortion is more

severe (i.e. has highly usual

ideas or greater conviction)

4: Moderate - delusion present,

with no preoccupation or

functional impairment, may be

an encapsulated delusion

5: Moderately severe - full

delusion(s) present, with some

preoccupation

6: Severe - full delusion(s)

present, with muchpreoccupation

7: Extremely severe - full

delusion(s) present with almost

total preoccupation

BPRS: Unusual Thought Content

Unusual, odd, bizarre thought content


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Unusual Thought Content Have you been receiving special messages?

Have you seen any reference to yourself on radio or TV or inthe newspaper?

Can anyone read your mind?

Do things like electricity, x-rays, or radio waves affect you?

Are there in any thoughts out into your head that are not yourown?

Have you ever felt like you were under the control of anotherperson or force?

If yes:

How often do you think about these experiences?

Have you ever told anyone about these experiences?


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Note: Unusual Thought Content

Consider the degree of the patients

conviction.

Consider the effect of unusual thoughtcontent on the patients action.

Rate only the unusualnessnot the degree of

organization or disorganization in which the

patient talks about his thought content


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BPRS: Bizarre Behavior

1. Not present

2. Very mild slightly odd or

eccentric public behavior

3. Mild noticeably peculiarpublic behavior

4. Moderate clearly bizarre

behavior that attracts, or

would attract the attention

or concern or others,without corrective

intervention

5. Moderately severeclearly bizarre behaviorthat attracts or wouldattract the attention of

others or the authorities6. Severe bizarre behavior

that attracts attention ofothers and intervention byauthorities

7. Extremely severe seriouscrimes committed in abizarre way that attractsthe attention of others andthe control of authorities

Odd, unusual, or psychotically criminal behaviors


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Suggested Questions: Bizarre

Behavior Have you done anything that has attracted

the attention of others?

Have you done anything that could havegotten you into trouble with the police?

Have you done anything that seemed

unusual or disturbing to others?


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Note: Bizarre Behavior

Include inappropriate sexual behavior

and inappropriate affect.


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BPRS: Self-Neglect

1. Not present

2. Very mild hygiene/

appearance slightly below

usual community standards3. Mild hygiene/

appearance occasionally

below usual community

standards

4. Moderate hygiene/appearance is noticeably

below usual community

standards

5. Moderately severe severalareas of hygiene/ appearancebelow community standardsdrawing criticism and requiringprompting

6. Severe many areas ofhygiene/ appearance arebelow usual communitystandards

7. Extremely severe mostareas of hygiene/ appearance/

nutrition are extremely poorand easily noticed as belowusual community standards,or requires medicalintervention

Hygiene, appearance, or eating behavior below socially acceptable

standards


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Suggested Questions: Self Neglect

How has your grooming been lately?

How often do you change your clothes?

How often do you take showers?

Has anyone (parents/staff) complained

about your grooming or dress?

Do you eat regular meals?


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1: Not present

2: Very mild - seems mildly

confused 1-2 times during

interview, oriented to person,

place and time3: Mild - mildly confused 3-4 times

during the interview, minor

inaccuracies in person, place

and time

4: Moderate - frequently confusedduring interview, may have

difficulty remembering general

information, like who the

President is

5: Moderately severe - markedly

confused during interview, or to

person, place and time, has

difficulty remembering personal

information6: Severe - disoriented to person,

place or time, e.g., cannot give

correct month and year

7: Extremely severe - grossly

disoriented to person, place or

time, e.g., cannot give name or

age

BPRS: Disorientation

Confusion or lack of proper association for person,

place, or time


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Suggested Questions: Disorientation

How old are you?

What is the date (allow 2 days)

What is this place called?

What year were you born?

Who is the president?


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Note: Disorientation

Do not rate if incorrect responses are

due to delusions.


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1: Not present

2: Very mild - peculiar use ofwords, or rambling, but thoughtprocesses are comprehensible

3: Mild - thought processes are abit hard to understand or makesense of due to tangentially,circumstantially, or sudden topicshifts.

4: Moderate - thought processesare difficult to understand due totangentially, circumstantially ortopic shifts on many occasions

5. Moderately severe - thought

processes are difficult to

understand most of the time

6. Severe - thought processes are

incomprehensible due to severeimpairments most of the time

7. Extremely severe - thought

processes are

incomprehensible throughout

the interview

BPRS: Conceptual Disorganization

Degree to which thought processes are confused,

disconnected, or disorganized


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Note: Conceptual Disorganization

Look for loose associations, incoherence,

flight of ideas, neologisms, confusion,

irrelevance, unusual chain of association,

tangentially, inconsistency, disjointedness,

blocking, and confabulation.


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1: Not present

2: Very mild - emotional range is

slightly subdued or reserved

3: Mild - emotional range is overall

diminished, subdued orreserved. Few spontaneous

and appropriate emotional

responses.

4: Moderate - emotional range is

noticeably diminished. Patientdoesnt show emotion, smile or

react to distressing topics

except infrequently, voice tone

is monotonous

5: Moderately severe - emotional

range very diminished, minimal

expressions of emotion, voice

tone monotonous much of the

time6: Severe - very little emotional

range or expression,

unchanging facial expression,

voice tone is monotonous most

of the time

7: Extremely severe - virtually no

emotional range or expression,

stiff movements, voice

monotonous all of the time

BPRS: Blunted Affect

Reduced emotional tone, apparent lack of normal

feeling or involvement


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BPRS: Emotional Withdrawal

1: Not present - client is completelyengaged with the interviewerthroughout the interview

2: Very mild - occasional failure tomake reciprocal comment;occasionally appears preoccupied;

spontaneously engages withinterviewer most of the time

3: Mild - noticeable failure to makereciprocal comment; appearspreoccupied; responds tointerviewer when approached

4: Moderate - client does not elaborate

on responses; fails to make eyecontact; doesnt seem to care ifinterviewer is listening; may bepreoccupied with psychoticthoughts; emotional contact notpresent for much of the interview

5: Moderately severe - same as 4, but

emotional contact not present for

most of the interview

6: Severe - actively avoids emotional

contact; frequently unresponsive or

responds with yes/no answers

7: Very severe - consistently avoids

emotional contact;

unresponsiveness or answers with

yes/no answers; may leave during

interview

Deficiency in relating to the interviewer and to the

interview situation


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Note: Emotional Withdrawal

Can be described as the clinicians

impression that an invisible wall exists

between the client and the clinician. Do not rate on the basis of general motor

retardation.

Include withdrawal apparently due to

psychotic processes.


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1: Not present

2: Very mild - slightly slowly or

reduced movements or

speech compared to most

people

3: Mild - noticeably slowed or

reduced movements or

speech

4: Moderate - large reduction orslowness in movements or

speech

5: Moderately severe - seldom

moves or speaks

spontaneously

6: Severe - does not move or

speak unless urged to do so

7: Extremely severe - catatonic

BPRS: Motor Retardation

Reduction in energy level evidenced in slowed

movements


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Note: Motor Retardation

Speech and motor behavior are most often

affected by reduced energy level.

Speech becomes: slowed, weakened involume, and reduced in amount.

Motor behavior becomes: slowed, weakened,

and less frequent.


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1: Not present

2: Very mild - more fidgety than

most but within normal range,

has a few transient signs of

tension, for example fingertapping, picking at fingernails,

foot wagging

3: Mild - same as 2, but more

frequent or exaggerated

4: Moderate - many and frequentsigns of motor tension. There

may be times during the

interview when no signs are

present.

5: Moderately severe - many and

frequent signs of motor tension,

with one or more signs

occurring simultaneously.

There may be a rare time whenno signs of tension are present.

6: Severe - same as 5, but signs of

tension are continuous

7: Extremely severe - multiple

motor signs of tension are

continuously present, I.e.,

continuous pacing or

handwringing

BPRS: Tension

Physical and motor manifestations of tension,

nervousness,

and heightened activation level


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Note: Tension

Rate according to your observations of the

number and nature of signs of tension. These

include nervousness, fidgeting, tremors,

twitching, sweating, frequent changes in

posture, hypertonicity of movements, and

heightened muscle tone.

Dont rate according to patients self-reportedexperiences of tensionthese are rated

under Anxiety.


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1: Not present

2: Very mild - shows non-verbal

signs of reluctance but does not

complain or argue

3: Mild - gripes about theinterview, but goes ahead with it

without arguing

4: Moderate - verbally resists but

eventually complies after

questions are rephrased or

repeated

5: Moderately severe - same as 4,

but withholds some information

that is necessary for making

accurate ratings

6: Severe - refuses to cooperate,but remains in the interview

situation

7: Extremely severe - actively tries

to leave the interview situation

BPRS: Uncooperativeness

Evidence of resistance, unfriendliness, resentment,

and lack of readiness to cooperate with the interviewer


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Note: Uncooperativeness

Rate only the degree of resistance to the

interviewer and interview situation.

Rate hostile responses to others under

hostility.


62/73

1: Not present

2: Very mild - subtle increase inemotional intensity - may attimes seem overly alert orkeyed up

3: Mild - subtle but persistentincrease in emotional tone, i.e.lively use of gestures orvariation in voice tone

4: Moderate - definite oroccasional increase inemotional intensity, reacts tointerviewer with noticeableemotional intensity, somepressured speech

5: Moderately severe - definite andpersistent increase in emotionalintensity, reacts to many stimuli,whether relevant or not, withconsiderable emotional intensity,

frequent pressured speech6: Severe - marked increase in

emotional intensity, has difficultysettling down or staying on task,,restless, impulsive, or speech isoften pressured

7: Extremely severe - reacts to allstimuli with inappropriate intensityor impulsiveness, cannot settledown or stay on task, very restlessand impulsive most of the time,constant pressured speech

BPRS: Excitement

Heightened emotional tone, agitation, increased

reactivity


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Note: Excitement

Evidenced by increased intensity of:

Facial expression

Voice tone Expressive gestures

Increased speech quantity and speed

BPRS: Distractibility


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BPRS: Distractibility

1. Not present

2. Very mild generally can

focus on interviewers

questions with only 1

distraction

3. Mild patient shifts focus

of attention to matters

unrelated to interview 2-3

times

4. Moderate often

responsive to irrelevant

stimuli in the room

5. Moderately severe same as

Moderate, but now

distractibility clearly interferes

with the flow of the interview

6. Severe extremely difficult toconduct interview or pursue a

topic due to preoccupation

with irrelevant stimuli

7. Extremely severe

impossible to conduct

interview due topreoccupation with irrelevant

stimuli

Degree to which observed sequence of speech/actions are interrupted


65/73

Note: Distractibility

Distractibility is rated when the patient shows achange in the focus of attention as characterized by a

pause in speech or a marked shift in gaze.

Patients attention may be drawn to noise in adjoining

room, books on a shelf, interviewers clothing, etc. Do not rate circumstantiality, tangentiality or flight of

ideas.

Do not rate rumination with delusional material.

Rate even if the distracting stimulus cannot beidentified.


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BPRS: Motor Hyperactivity

1. Not present

2. Very mild somerestlessness, difficultysitting still, lively facial

expressions, or somewhattalkative

3. Mild occasionally veryrestless, definite increasein motor activity, livelygestures

4. Moderate very restless,up to one-third of theinterview

5. Moderately severefrequently restless, fidgety,rises on 1-2 occasions topace

6. Severe excessive motoractivity, restlessness,fidgety, rises on 3-4occasions to pace

7. Extremely severeconstant excessive motoractivity, can only beinterrupted briefly, littlerelevant informationobtained

Increase in energy level, more frequent movement and/or

rapid speech


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Note: Motor Hyperactivity

Do not rate if restlessness is due to

akathisia.

BPRS M i d P t i


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1: Not present

2: Very mild - eccentric or add

mannerisms or activity observed

once for a brief period

3: Mild - same as 2, but occurringon two occasions of brief

duration

4: Moderate - mannerisms or

posturing (e.g., stylized

movements or acts, rocking,

nodding, or grimacing, observed

on several occasions for brief

periods

5: Moderately severe - same as 4,but occurring often, or severalexamples of very oddmannerisms or posturing thatare idiosyncratic to the patient

6. Severe - frequent stereotypedbehavior, assumes andmaintains uncomfortable orinappropriate or fetal posturing.Patient can interact with othersdespite these behaviors.

7: Extremely severe - same as 6,but patient is unable to interactwith others due to thesebehaviors

BPRS: Mannerisms and PosturingUnusual and unnatural motor behavior, the type of motor behavior

which causes patients to stand out in crowd


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Note: Mannerisms and Posturing

This scale is designed to measure the type of motorbehavior that causes people to stand out asunusual or unnatural. Exclude obvious manifestationsof medication side effects.

Rate only abnormality of movements. Do not rate on the basis of heightened motor activity.

Include: Stylized movements or acts

Any postures that are clearly uncomfortable orinappropriate.

Exclude obvious manifestations of medication sideeffects.

H t C l t th BPRS f f


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How to Complete the BPRS form for

BPRS Training

1. Site Code: Enter the site code of the facility for which you will

be performing BPRS assessments

2. Client Social Security Number: Enter the number of the

interview you are rating in the right-most column of this field.

Leave the first 8 columns blank - do not pad with zeros.

3. Rater Code: Enter your 5-digit rater code, which is unique to

you at your facility.

4. Assessment Date: Fill in the date that you are rating the

interview

5. Type of Assessment: Leave this field blank

6. BPRS Questions 1 24: Fill in one bubble for each question.

BPRS: Information Processing


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AssessmentCompleted

Completed Assessmentmailed RDMC

or scanned on site

Assessments

scanned

into computer

system

Production reports

generated

Assessment reports

generated

Assessment

reports

mailed

Original Assessments

Destroyed

BPRS: Information Processing

BPRS: Reporting


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BPRS: Reporting

Client-Specific Reports Individual Assessment Scores

Demographic/Clinical Data

Historical Assessment Data

Production Reports Weekly internal RDMC report Volume, processing time, accepted assessments

Site-Specific Monthly Reports

Aggregate quality data Rate-specific quality data

Overall outcomes summary

Ad Hoc Reports


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Use pencil or black or blue pen

Write in values when required

Fill in bubbles completely

Do NOT use xs or check marks

Do not fold, staple or hole-punch the form

Fill in entire 6 digit site code

Fill in the date the BPRS assessment wasperformed in the assessment date field

Bubble Sheet Etiquette

b prs 24 training

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