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EOARDLasers and Electro-Optics Program16 March 2011

A. GAVRIELIDESProgram ManagerAFOSR/EOARD

Air Force Office of Scientific Research

AFOSR

Distribution A: Approved for public release; distribution unlimited. 88ABW-2011-0759


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2011 AFOSR Spring ReviewPortfolio Overview

DESCRIPTION OF PORTFOLIO:Provides international support to AFRL Technical Directorates in basic and

developmental research on Lasers and Coherent Sources , Optics , BeamControl , Optical Materials , Detectors , Photonics, and RF .

SUB-AREAS IN PORTFOLIO :

Fiber-Nonlinear Optics THz propagation and detectionNonlinear Optics Met materialsNonlinear Optical Material Ceramics and Laser MaterialsFibers LasersPropagation Effects RF

NAME: Dr. Tom Gavrielides


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Scientific Challenges

Challenging and Exciting Opportunities: Met materials in visible and THz radiation THz Radiation-generation, detection-QCLs

Fiber lasers components and devices Nonlinear frequency generation at Mid-IR and

visible

New Laser Concepts, Optofluidic lasers, alkali-metal lasers, THz room temperature QCLs Nonlinear coupled periodic structures


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Current Research Portfolio

Optics

Lasers and MasersOptical Detectors

United Kingdom

BelgiumLasers and Masers

SpainSemiconductorNonlinear Optics

UkraineAtomic & Molecular Physics

RussiaOptics

Optical MaterialLasers

Czech Republic

Physical Chemistry

Estonia

Solid State Physics

Denmark

Optics

GermanyLasers and Masers

NetherlandsPhotonic crystals

ItalyOptics

FinlandLasers and Masers

PolandOptics

GreeceOptics

France

Semiconductors


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HANSCOM

WRIGHT-PATT

EGLIN

SENSORS

MATERIALS & MFG

MUNITIONS

DIRECTED ENERGY

AFOSR

Sensors

Principal Collaborators

Dave Bliss, RYHX

Gernot Pomrenke, NEHowe Schlossberg, NEArje Nachman, NE

Ken Schaller, RYJP

Vassilios Kovanis RYDPJed Hurry RYHC

Nils Ferneries, RXPSODean Evans, RXPJE

Tim Madden RDLC

Leanne Henry, RDLORick Birdie, RDTPeter Latham RDLSMark Gruneisen, RDBS

John Gonglewski, RDBS

Donald Snyder, RDGGRic Wehling, RDG

KIRTLAND

Jim Grote, RXPSTom Cooper RXPJE

Jon Sjogren, NM

Gerry More, RDLS etc

James Butler, NRLMarshall Saylors, NSA

Other

Space Vehicles

Dave Cardimona RVSSPaul Alsing RVS

Charles Lee, NA


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Other Organizations That Fund orCo-Fund Work

Fibers RD and JTO Met materials RY and JTO Photorefractive and Liquid Crystals RX Ceramics RD Femtosecond propagation JTO, AFOSR Semiconductor QCLs QDs RY RF and Nonlinear optics AFOSR Biophotonics RW THz and fiber Communications NSA


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Guiding of Long-Distance ElectricDischarges

Triggering and guiding long-distance HV electricdischarges in air Use of UV short-pulse train or combination of shortand long pulses. The short pulse produces long-distance partiallyionized tracks in a gas due to multi-photon ionization

Primary photoelectrons are attached quickly (for ~10ns) to molecular oxygen, Long UV pulse with relatively low intensity detachelectrons and keep the electron density for a dischargetriggering.Ti:Sapphire front-end facility 10 Hz, 0.1-1 ps

Berdysh: E-beam Pumped KrF preamplifier 100 ns , 25 JGARPUN: E-beam Pumped KrF, amplifier 100 ns, 100J

Short pulse amplification in preamplifier Short pulse amplification in master amplifier

PI: A. Ionin

Lebedev Physics Institute AFRL/DELO, JTO


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Guiding of Long-Distance ElectricDischarges

Single short pulse

Train of pulses withoutamplification

Train of pulsesamplification


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OPTOFLUIDS

Optical filter based onoptifluid micro-ring resonator

The all-optical switch based on optofluidic beam manipulation

Optofluid memory system based on nanowells and QD

Adaptive photonic devices

Compact and wavelength-tunable light sources,

Biosensors-Chemical weapon sensor

Switches and Memorydevices


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TUNABLE MICROFLUIDICMICROLASERS

PI: Prof. Francesco SimoniUniversita Politecnica delle Marche

SEM of a SU-8 (epoxy based photoresist or liquid crystal) grating. Grating pitch is 1.8 m. High resolution gratings with pitch 180 nm recorded .

Optofluidic cell made by a PDMS channelstructure crossing the SU-8 grating

Silicon tubes used as fluid inlet and outlet

A poly (dimethylsiloxane ) (PDMS) matrix in which the microfluid channel isimpressed by soft nano-lithography .

Small holes are drilled with needles into the PDMS to form the in and outlets. The PMDS seals itself to other flat surfaces and grating by conformal contact(Van de Waals forces).

AFRL/DE, RY


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TUNABLE MICROFLUIDICMICROLASERS

Device A: Grating is recorded between the ends of a

multi-mode optical fiber 105/125 m; NA=0.22 )

Device B: 50-100 m Grating is recorded on Mylar and PMDS

channel is formed.

A

B

Pumped by second harmonic of Nd Laser emission with Rhodamine 6G.


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CERAMICS

Larger and more uniform optical properties Large pieces for slab or thin disk high power lasers Faster Fabrication Larger doping concentrations Fracture strength and fracture higher than crystals Shaped gain regions for mode guiding

Nanopowder Green ceramic optical ceramic


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Search and Characterization ofOptical Ceramics and Crystals forDiode-Pumped Laser Oscillators

PI: Prof. T. BasievProkhorov General Physics Institute AFRL/RDLO

Material for direct lasing in the mid-IR requires short phonon spectra


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Search and Characterization ofOptical Ceramics and Crystals forDiode-Pumped Laser Oscillators

Ceramics

CaF 2-SrF 2-YbF 3 ceramics

Low quantum defect: Efficient Oscillation at 1.025 microns with pumping at 967 micronsLarge pieces for slab or thin disk high power lasers

Microstructure of a ceramic CaF 2-SrF 2-YbF 3 sample


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Nonlinear Met materials

Applications Cloaking-Index shaped surface Imaging-Resolution Luneburg lens-180 o field of view Mid-IR-Masking, shielding

Novel propagation effects Micro antenna-communications

Split Ring Resonators: Negative magnetic permeability above resonance W

Metallic Wires: Negative permittivity below plasma W
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/11/Transmission_line_element.svg


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Three Dimensional Optical Metmaterials via Direct Lasing Writing

3D lithography-two or multiphoton Chromophores with large 2PA Negative, positive tone polymers

Inorganic-organic hybrid materials Metal nanocomposites

Photonic crystals Mechanical devices with movable parts Microchannels for optofluidic devices Biocompatible templates Met materials

1. Design 3D metamaterials foroptical wavelengths.

2. Optimize hybrid metal-binding

3. Fabricate metamaterialstructures using 2PA 4. Characterize the metallated 3D

structures.

PI: M. Farsari

University of Crete, GreeceAFRL/RY


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Nonlinear Plasmonics and TerahertzEmission

Linear case:

Discrete Dynamic Dispersion of the linear ,magneto-inductive waves:

Bandpass propagation

Profiles for five frequencies, insideand outside the magneto-inductivewave band.


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Nonlinear Plasmonics and TerahertzEmission

Energy Transfer as a function of ng=0.001g=0.01


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Far-Field Super-Resolution Mapping ofSurface Plasmons and nano-antennas

PI: Stefan Maier, Imperial College, UK .AFRL/AFOSR, RY, RX

A technique was develop for the imaging of nanoscale surfaceplasmon modes with super-resolution.

Nano-antenna coated with dye enhanced fluorescence

Imaging local field of antennas

The methodology underpins plasmonics and metamaterialsresearch, areas of key importance in a security-related context(e.g. nanoscale optical sensors, metamaterials for cloaking).


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Far-Field Super-Resolution Mappingof Plasmons

Au micro antennas generated byelectron beam lithography

SEM Image

Optical dark-field scattering images of nanoantenna arrays with a gap of 50 nm.

Elongation of the length of each arm from 50 nm , 75 nm and 100nm Tuning of the dipole antenna resonance from the green to the red part of the spectrum.


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Summary

European fiber laser researchers world leaders in many technical areas FSU researchers leaders in optical materials Extensive programs in metamaterials EOARD has expanded research significantly:

Optifluid lasers, metamaterials and nonlinear optics Support of high power lasers

Research in fibers, laser materials and new laser concepts

Still more sources to explore: Fiber Nonlinear optics Metamaterials-Periodic optical structures New Laser concepts


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Contact Information

Dr. Tom Gavrielides

EOARDUnit 4515APO, AE 09421-0014

DSN: 314-235-6205

COMM: +44 189-561-6205

E-mail: [email protected]

3. gavrielides - eoard lasers

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